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pellng p for Jim," Geor 5 can remember thing. I brought mine home last night and studied half an hour, but 1 was afraid I'd miss and so 1 did." ~~ George's mother thought she was using the best method to make her ~ son study. Even since George had started to. school she had tried to get im to do better. This comparative idea was good, but she had always J used the wrong measuring stick. She had held him up against another in- stead of against himself. The truth ¥ was that her own pride was hurt. She didn't want Jim to succeed above her +, own son. The inference to be drawn, then, by George or anyone else is that if Jim had missed two words out of ten, then George's misspelled words would not have mattered. But what did Elsie's mother do 'about the spelling record? Since both mothers, afterwards, told the teacher all that was sald about It, another : method of dealing with unsatisfactory | school work is available. hs "When do you have the next spel Hog test?" Elsie's mother asked and when told that it was in two weeks, she sald, "Well, we'll fust forget this paper and think about the fine one you'll have next time. What can you do that you didn't do this week, so x as to win in a contest with your best record?" "I'll review my words for five min utes every day," volunteered Elsie; "this time I let my reviewing go un- til the last day." There was not a word from Elsie's mother about what anyone else in the class had done. Her little daughter was encouraged to do her own best, not the best of some other pupil. - Blsie was held responsible. She was made her own disciplinarian. She was mot crushed by the recollection of her own lapse in spelling and by the vie » tory of a classmate. Rather was she : inspired to press forward towards her own shining idea! Not all childres can beat the head of the class or !exder in the game or winner of a trophy, But every child should covet advancement and enjoy mastery of his individual prob- lems. It is discouraging to hold up an ex- ample of excellence before a child which he can never hope to attain. ~ He may not be either\physically or mentally equipped Yo reach such a standdrd. But every child can step ~ alead of his own past record if he has any intelligent guidance at all And the thrill of knowing that he is better this week than last will bol ster up his spirit and make him sur prise himself. --Issued by the Natlon- al Kindergarten Association, 8 West 40th Street, New York City. These articles are appeading weekly in our columns, = ee Aen tnei Grass Plays Important Part in Earth Building Grasses play an important part in building up the very earth we live on, says Dr. A, 8. Hitchcock, of the De partment of Agriculture, an example of which {s the case of beachgrass (Ammophilla arenaria) building bar- rier dunes along the north Atlantic Coast of the North American conti ad ment. Beachgrass is found as far south wr as Maryland. Extensive mud flats and tidal estu- : aries on the Atlantic Coast are occu- ® pled by species of grass named Spar- © tina, which thrive in the soft mud sub- merged at high tide, Their stout un- derground stems form a dense lateral network, ever pushing outward, as- sisting in the formation of good dry Jand. 2 Large-scale jad d building has been prought about Yecently in England, France and Holland, too, by a Spar we tina, the only plant found capable of| stil TT gaining a foothold on those bottomless ; muds, Spartina has been planted out- side the dikes of Holland and is build- _ ing up land at a rapid rate. a $97 the 2a $10,000 £ that por- 5 u or a trait, but ] } any more > © Mr. Surich was showing a friend over his new mansion. The walls taste 11ki-26-cent coffee. You have to paintings in Jovus were covered vith do your own climbing. Opportunity is "This" said. Mr. Nurich, stopp} ing a ladder, not an elevator. 2D a knight: 1 I met her in the garden, , "is one of my ancestors." , "friend. looked hard at the por- The pight was still as deatt. He, he was very nearly one of ait Sink vs wor * Baitaine 'Eon Bank of ed on feeling, of confidence. he Studtal Sukie 'Canada. "Sir on the i dant, bTekjeting the principal af San the. year, sald - / vat: 'am sure it will be very gratify- ing to the moe : to learn that we have not suffered any losses from depreciation in the securities ' which the Bank holds as part of its assets. From this you will un- derstand that great care has been ex in our investments, e year under review has been a most difficult one not only for banks but for practically all classes of business, and this has been re- flected in our profits, but neverthe- less ample provision has been made tor all losses and prospective losses. "Examination of the figures of the foreign trade of Canada shows how large a part the item of wheat plays. No other single commodity approaches this cereal in volume and value; as a consequence, when below the line of profitable produc- tion, the whole business of the coun- try is adversely affected. That has happened. The wheat crop of 1929 was short in quantity; the crop of 1930 faced low prices and a glutted market; and the foreign trade re- turns disclose the results of these unfavorable factors. To short erops ed much of the reaction in general business, the decline In rallway Owl Laffs Unchanging Its' a New Year greeting, With a song of cheer. It will seem, on meeting, Like the same old year. 'Mongst the changes fleeting And the speech unfurled, It's a New Year greeting-- To the same old world. No, 1931 is not leap year. But w to be just as heavy as it usually is i leap year. the girls will. Another we practice ourselves. Little Thomas watched a telephon bset and try to obtain a connectio some difficulty. the house, exclaiming: phone pole talking to Heaven." think he's talking to Heaven? 'Hgllo! Hello! Hello! Good one hear'?" Diary of a College Graduate June 23, 1930--Graduated to-day. $100 a week. of a job. September 2, 1930--Still looking. September 23, 1930--Went to wor for my uncle for $76.00 a month. The customer was busy sawing o having a difficult time. his eyes and said: serving." smile, and smile, remark. She suspects they are talking about her. Some women can make 2B-cent coffee taste like BO-cent coffee and some women can make 50-cent coffee 1 knew she knew her onions, 1 could; smell them | on her breath. «First Salosman--Tm broke. « Can't my book." Second Salesman -- "What's it called 1" First Salesman--"The An of Bales- manship." "Infamous Infinitles of To-day Dentists." Pay- 1 Depress Grin and Oth Commodity crop failure occurs or prices fall. i and congested markets can be trac expect the mortality amonz bachelors If love won't find a way, little thought for 1981: Let's quit condemning in others what repairman climb a pole, connect a test with the switchboard, There ensued | elements were formed. The youngster listen- ed a few minutes, and then rushed into Little Thomas--'"Mamma, come here quick. There's a man up on a tele His Mother -- "What makes you Little Thomas--* "Cause he hollered what's the matter up there, can't any- June 28, 1930--Lookead for a $10,000 Job. July 20, 1930--Looked for a job at Aug. 9, 1930--Looked for any kind the steak he had ordered, and he was Waiter (solicitously)--"Is it tough?" The customer was exhausted. He turned to the waiter with defeat In Customer--"When I order beef and get horse, I don't care. But next time, take the harness off before you start No matter how brave a man ls, there's a woman somewhere he's afrald of. Those who have had experi- ence will testify that a woman may and be unwilling still "She didnt' act that way the last time she was engaged."--Overheard Most any wife gets suspicl- ous if she sees her husband and his mother talking together in whispers. Inherent Vigor and Soundues of in Canada--Reaction in General Business Sanerst Managers, Dew Dntion to "Strong Liquid Posit traflle, the Tawa gta alien 'garriers by land and water, unem- Bloyment of labor and, above all, | inished purchasing power of ie En 'class. up hig conclusions, Sir oT unming stated that Te this virile country of Canada with i '| abounding resources there can no permanent depression. My own view is that when the turn comes Canada will be found leading the procession in the return to pros- perity " General Managers' Address The address of W. A. Bog and Jackson Dodds, the General Man- agers, dealt more particularly with _the report of the Bank for the past fiscal year. The report said in part: "In times like the present it Is fnevitable that losses suffered through the heavy fall in prices . must affect Banks at least indirect ly. It is a satisfaction to be able to assure you that we have made ample provision for all losses and doubtful debts. "You will note that the tradition- ally strong liquid position of your Bank has beep maintained. This was accomplished without curtall- ing the credit requirements of our customers. "A notable increase during the 'year Iii the number of small ac- counts in specially gratifying, as we have consistently emphasized the fact that the Bank of Montreal welcomes smal! accounts," Earth Seen Three Billion Birthdays If the average life of a human being be taken ss one second of a new time scale the earth ir just passing its first birthday and the human race has been in existence oniy a part .f one day, but the universe of strsa has been going on about as new for at least five thousand ears. So Professor George von Hevesy of the University oof Freiburg, Germany, concluded in his review of present knowledge of the n|age of the earth in the opening lec- ture of the Geo ge Fisher Baker Lec- turas in Chemistry at Cornell Univer- sity, recently published by the New York City sgientific periodical fcience. Following many previous students of earth age, Professor Hevesy has cal- culated from the slow disintegration o of radioactive chemical elements the time elapsed since individual speci- n! mens of minerals containing these Some such mineral specimens turn out to be well over a billion years old but the earth as a whole must be older still, since the planet's crust must have been in place and solid befcre these ime- recording minerals could have been deposited in it. Accordingly, Profes- sor Hevesy has extended these radio- active calculations to the whole ma- terial of the earth, obtaining a figure of about three billion years for the time since the planet existed as a ball of white-hot gas drawn out of the sun. Enormous as is this time by human standards, it is oat a moment, he finds, in the age of thi known universe, for astronomical calculations indicate that the average star has been in existence for between five thousand billion and ten thousand billion years. of LA n Artist: Well, what do you think of the idea? Friend. It's not balf as bad as It's painted. SOUTH AFRICA CANADA ) Few economic questions are being more keenly discussed throughout the world to-day than that of the supply of gold for monetary use. In this sub- ject Canada has a double Interest-- her interest as a gold-producing coun- try and also as a trading nation vital, ly concerned with anything and every- thing that is fundamental to world prosperity. While most of the discussion has centered upon the need for better dis- tribution vand use of the existing stocks of gold, there has been also a note of real anxiety over the possi- bility of an actual shortage of gold supplies. This anxiety arises from an anticipated early drop In South Afri- ca's output. As the accompanying dla- gram indicates, the burden of main- taining the level of world gold produc- tion during the last twenty-five years WORLD OUTPUT (VALUE) 1905.9382,182,624 ConveRTED' AT AE PER OUNCE has been borne in ever-increasing de- gree by South Africa, The total gold output of the world had fallen by near-| ly 30 per cent, with 1905. the Canadian standpoint is the fact that, In the writings of almost all stu- dents of the gold situation, little or no importance has been.attached to Can- ada's rising output. Dominion's bulked largely in the world's total out- put, but it has grown, and is continu- ing to grow, substantially. being produced either from gold properties or from huge ore bodies, in which gold is as- sociated with other metals, well be that Canadian resources are 1925 317394501 $215241,874 .$ 39861,663 wl 485218 59,193 » in 1929 as contrasted One point of special interest from It is true that the production has never With gold in larger quantities it may destined to play a much more pro- minent part than has yet been fore- seen, in offsetting the expected de- pletion of the South African gold- fields and the threatened embarrass ment of the world's monetary systems, * Our last article told you something about cancer. To-day I propose to tell you how this disease can be fought. If every individual in.Canada could receive and follow the simple advice which is contained in this article the number of cancer deaths would be re- duced by many thousands. In the first place let us frankly admit that doctors have not yet learned how to prevent cancer i. the way they have learned how to prevent smallpox and typhoid and diphtheria. That, how- ever, should not be too discouraging for they have learned how to treat early cases of cancer and how to treat conditions that look like 'cancer so that the former are cured and the can- cerous condition prevented. There- fore the moral connected with this ar- ticle fs this: Watch for early symp- toms of cancer and act at once upon the slightest suspicion of having found any. First, in external cancer there is al- ways a warning to be seen with the eye or felt with the finger. These first signs are moles or warts, little areas covered with a scab, a little lump or nodule beneath the skin or deeper, an unhealed wound. As a rule these things do not hurt, but that does not make it less dangerous, only a physician can state whether a wart or little lump 1s cancerous. In connection with cancer of the lip and tongue there is always first on the lower lip or tongue some abnormal de- fect. If this warning is heeded and Inhale Minard's Liniment for Asthma. ese Resembled Mod- ern Saxophone The huge modern pipe organs used in churches and theatres probably owe their origin to a small Chinese mouth instrument in which bamboo tubes were used for pipes, and which some- what resembled in appearance the modern saxophone, in the opinion of Dr. Berthold Laufer, curator of an- thropology at Field Museuin of Na- tural History. Examples of these instruments which first appeared in very ancient times, but are still used to a limited extent in China, were collected by Dr. Laufer while on an expedition in China, and are now on exhibition at the museum. They are rarely heacd nowadays, however, because of a cunm- ous superstition that a skilful per- former becomes so wedded (o his music that he is forever playing, to the ex- clusion of all other activities. This, the' Chinese appatently fear, would prove ingconveaient for the player and might become annosing to his neigh- bors. Another thing that has caused the popularity of th: mstrument to wane in late years is the fact that because it is played largely by sucking the breath in, as veli as by Llowing, it causes inflammation of the bronchiul tubes and djseases of the .ungs and it is said that no habitnal player ever lives loager than forty years, Dr. Laufer states. This is a serious mat- ter to the Chinese, to whom longevity is one » the fundamental ideals. The mouth pipe orean, or "sheng" as the Chinese call it, consists of a bowl-shaped boly of lacquered wood at the end of a tube with a moutn- piece, which gives it a resemblance tu a large meerschaum pipe as well as to a saxophone. Seve teen banboo tubes of varying lengths are in:erted in the top of the body, which provides the wind res»: oir. Thirteen of the tubes are fitted with free reeds similar te those used in grand organs today. Wach of the tubes hss a small hole just above the (oint where it ente Watch For Early Symptoms | Of Cancer -- Then Act at Once This is One of a Weekly Series of Health Articles Prepared By the Canadian Social Hygiene Council treatment given within a month or two the probabilities of a cure are al- most perfect. In this connection rag- ged teeth and unclean mouths are known to frequently. produce cancer. Keep your mouth clean and go to the dentist frequently. 2 It has been sald that beautiful wo- men rarely have ¢ancer of the skin because they keep their skins clean. Cancer of the uterus kills many wo- men, It would kill fewer if women would learn to visit their physicians immediately upon noticing any femin- ine irregularities. Cancer of the breast is not terribly dangerous if it is treated early. As soon as a little Jump is noticed the physician should be made aware of it. If this is done early enough the possibilities of a cure are almost nine out of ten even should the lump prove to be a malig- nant form of cancer. In cancer of the breast every week's delay reduces the chance of recovery. After one receives an injury to a bone it should be x-rayed if the swell- ing and discomfort do not disappear in a few weeks. It 1s most difficult to recognize the signs of internal can- cer but persistent indigestion or a feeling of discomfort or a "new" feel- ing inside should be viewed with sus- picion and the doctor consulted. One of the best ways pf protecting your- self against cancer and the fear of cancer is to visit the family physiclan once a year for a thorough physical examination, whether one is sick or well, all parts of markets for o in world, Cheese Port y oatieasime de rss ot Wis of Dich hers souly F ipmant of AE Holtand, to c, TWaaky. allio, younds of chess 854 404 4A TONE of ATA, one of most famous the reservoir The harmonium, or small orgun with free reeds but without pipes, was the first occideita' devel mment fro this instrument, says Dr. Laufer. The | princip.e of the free reed became wide- ily known in Kurope through he in- troduction of the Chinese reed organ at the nd of the eighteenth century. Prof. C. G. Kratzensiein invented the harmonium after examining a sheng t to his native city. The first in- strument of this type was the Pan's pipes of the ancient Greeks, which consisted of a set of pipes of different length bound togetker and made to sourd by the player's breath. About two centuries b.C. a device was in- vented for forcing air into the pipes by water power; and keys were added to open and close the pipes. The hy- drauiic organ was common among the Greeks and Romane. Centuries later the bellows came into use, instead of water power, to furnish air. An organ built in the tenth century for Win- chester Cathedral in England had a bellows so powerful that 70 men were needed to pump it. In the organs of today the power that pumps the bel- lcws would be equal to 50 or even 100 horsepower. Yet so improved is the mechanism of the keyboard {iat the . uch of a finger is all that is re- quired to open the pipe-valves. The greates. changes are due to the use of electricity. So much of the machin- ery is now operated by electricity that | the inside of the organ lcoks like a telephone exchange.-- The American Weekly: reer} ee een Flightless Planes To Usurp Small Golf Chicago.--In the States, amusement First Instrument 'Used By a Chin Passenger Routes Include: Flight Between Montreal and Miami New York.--Co-ordination of an ex- tensive network of airways, including passenger services from Montreal to Midma and across the continent to Los Angeles, with stops at Dallas, Fort Worth and El Paso, will be ef fected under an agreement between the Eastern Air Transport and two divisions of American Airways, opera tion unit of Aviation Corporation, it became known here on Dec. 3. It pro- vides for co-ordination of schedules at Atlanta and Newark. These new schedules will make it possible for passengers to travel by air port starts ite daily passenger service from Atlanta to New York in eight and a half hours when Eastern Air Trans over that route. Passengers may then continue north to Boston by airplane, or after an overnight stop, to Albany or Montreal, When the Eastern Air Trapsport opens its Miami extension on Jan. 1, alr traffic from Boston and Montreal, as well as from Atlanta and the south- west, will be co-ordinated with Pan- American Airways' 22,000-mile all air system through the West Indies and Central and South Amgrica. Simultaneously reports from Miami told of the inauguration of a new mail and passengér air route from Cuba to Cristobad by way of Kingston, Jamaica by the Pan-American Airways. The new service, which was said to in- volve the, longest regularly scheduled over-water flight in the history, of a ou, was inaugurated by a 22-pas- flying boat which covered the ville distance from Kingston to ntirely out of sight of land, ind 50 minutes. The entire trip was without difficulty, the reports 647 Cristobal, | in § hour said, and there were only slight variations from schedule at any point. gp Arctic's Prize Beauty Rewarded With Mirror Winnipeg. -- Enoosfak, 24-year-oid brunette, is the reigning beauty of the Arctic. Andrew Brown, the big face and figure man of the north, selected this brown-eyed, brown-skinned BEski- mo girl from an entry of two dozem in the first beauty contest ever held tnside the Arctic Circle. From Baker Lake, little trading post on Chesterfield Inlet, just a thous and miles north of Winnipeg, cams word of Enooslak's triumph. "Shining Star," her name, means, and proudly, for the first time jn her life, she can survey ner prize-winning features, A mirror was her reward, the first <he had ever owned. > You have probably noticed in paying certain bills that all aobbers do not wear masks, TAXIDERMIST AND FURRIER SUPPLIES OLIVER SPANNER & CO, LTD, Dept. S 26 Elm St, Toronto. Our new Ca gue showing artificial eyes, furrig plies, tre ers' Slp- plies, now 1 re ---------------------------------- me In Winter Outdoor work and play often gba rise to sprains and frost bie. Keep a bottle of Minard's by you to rub on the affected parts. park owners, now that miniature golf is launched, are now planning to fea: | | ture flightless airplanes, When summer comes again el would-be aviator may be able to taste | the thrills of taking the stick and put ting himself through a few barrel rolls | and nose dives, all without leaving the | ground. One of the models looks for all the | world exactly like a real airplane, with propeller, wings, rudder, landing "READ OF A i Sg Sy "| tate--Henry gear, and evidently the only thing that keeps it from soaring into the sky is the pneumatic pedestal on which it Is supported. "But get into the cockpit, an at- tendant urges. "Flip a quarter into the coin release box. Get the rush of |. alr from the whirling propeller, elec- trically driven. Grasp the stick, In- stantly the plane zooms, banks, turns or dives, all as you handle the stick." Chief among them, however, is the Flight Tutor, which looks less like an airplane, but acts more like one, as it has more fréedom of movement, actua- ly allowing a barrel roll. According to its makers, the Flight Tutor has been tested and adopted by the United States Army Alr Corps 8s standard equipment for student pilots, and has been installed at government training fields and at Curtiss airports. ------ . Hands of invisible spirits touch the strings of that mysterious instrument, the soul, and play the prelude of our . Longfellow. rnin fn. » Minard's Liniment/ for afl Pain. Moncton, New BrunsWick-- 'Before my last baby was born I was mwas very weak, LIKE HER OWN Decided to take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound