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Live Germs 1s Found Millions Years Old Stories of "mummy. wheat" shut up, in Egyptian tombs thousands of years ago, and yet able to sprout and grow | when planted, are now disbelieved by scientists, They are pure fable, s we are told. And yet a geologist now comes for- ward with a far more marvelous tale ~that of living germs shut up in; rocks for millions of years. The germ, he says, are in the stage of "spores," where they are protect- ed by hard, impervious cases, These have acted, not as coffins, but rather as cradles. Says a writer in Current Science (Columbus, Ohio): "It 1s almost unthinkable that any form of life--even the most simple-- could endure for centuries or even millenniums. A biologist, Dr. Charles | B. Lipman, of the University of Cali-, " fornia, seems to have discovered lv- ing things that were born more than a million years ago. "Germs are plants of the very sim- plest type. They seem to be little more than tiny lumps of photoplasm. Nothing could be tenderer, it would seem, than a pinpoint of jelly such as a germ. Most of them are easily killed, too, by heating, drying, ex- posure to the sunlight, or contact with certain chemicals. Certain germs, However, are able to don an overcoat and defy the most unfavorable sur- roundings. In this form they are 'called spores, and because of their tough covering they resist boiling, dry- ing, light, and chemical germicides. "A clever trick has to be played on spores when one wishes to destroy them, as in the canning of vegetables. The vegetables--string beans, for ex- ample--are boiled vigorously one day, the spores survive, believe that the worst is over, and turn to germs dur- ing the night by shedding their crusts in the water that soaks the beans and themselves. "Next day the cruel canner puts them again to boiling, and of course the unprotected germs are killed. Ex- perience has shown that some of the spore germs are wiser (or is It that they are slower and more stupid) than others, and they do not come .{1y 18 too short. from their shells until the second boil- ing. 1 #'On the third day another boiling executes them all. "Dr. Lipman Las tested a number of examples of rocks by a method that prevents moder: germs from' getting into his apparatus. The outside por- tions of the roc are broken away, and sterile (germ-'rz2) water allowed to flow upon rock surfaces never be- fare exposed to the air. This water then runs upon a nourishing jelly (called 'agar-agar' by the bacteriolo- gist)' the spores will soften under these favorable conditions, and -- it alive--will develop new germs in great numbers. "The rocks tested by Dr. Lipman have come from those laid dowa in the very early ages of the earth's geo- logical history. Some are from the 'Algonkian rocks of Canada, which are right down next to the volcanic rocks that poured out upon the surface of the planet earth before it was cool and solid. Others have come from the same geological horizon (rock level) that outcrops near the bottom of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. These rocks are inconceivably old! "In certain lumps of coal, secured from widely separated places as Pen- nsylvania and Wales, spores have al- #0 been found. Coal was laid down In the Carboniferous period of earth's history--a sort of middle age of geol- ogy. Then in some fairly recent docks (as time passes in geology) of the Plicene time, laid down when mammoths probably walked the earth, more germs have been found." North Africa Tries Out Citrus Fruits] Paris--France id actively encour- aging landholders of Morocco, Al- geria and Tunisia In the production of citrus fruits, with the expectation of making another California of her north African possessions. Algeria was first of the French possessions to plant citrus fruits, but Tunisia and Morocco to a great ex- tent have overcome this advantage by adopting American methods, em- ploying American horticulturists and planting American trees. Tunisia has brought from Call fornia Prof. R. W. Hodgson of Berke- ley, well known horticulturist, for a year's work, and Morocco recently sent am agricultural and engineering mission to the United States to study American irrigation and or- chard methods. The delegation brought back a mass of information ~which now is being put Into use in southern Morocco. "> 3000 Ways of Serving The Ever Edible Egg Fried, boiled and poached are the three ways eggs are most familiar to the average individual. But these are only three of the more than three thousand ways in which a fam- ous chef asserts eggs are served. In a northern climate an egg eaten | in the winter time has greater food values than one eaten in the summer time. The present price of eggs, the lowest in years, is having the i of increasing the popularity of ~--Dominion Department of Agri- iy Garden Talks Getting Off Farly It will soon be time to start think- ing of getting seed sown indoors. Not only can one get the garden off to a much earlier start in this way but one can aleo grow those tender plants for which our season normal Supplies for the window box or hanging basket are also produced from seed planted In doors. Such flowers as Cosmos, Marigolds, Zinnias, Petunias, Follage Plants and in fact practically every thing except Poppies, which do not replant very readily, may be started under glass in March or April and will actually benefit from being moved uround a few times before they are placed in their location. Tomatoes, Cabbage, Head Lettuce, Cucumbers, Melons and even a few of the earlier Beets, Carrots and Corn can be started indoors from two to six weeks ahead of the time they would be planted outside. Select a box a couple of inches deep with holes bored in the bottom for drain. age, and fill with sand and loam. Jf such material is not on hand often the nearest greenhouse man will sup- ply some. Moisten the earth and then mark off the rows for the seed about an inch apart. Sow and then cover the box with a plece of sack- ing or burlap which hastens germin- from being washed out when water- ed. Get the plants started In a warm, dark cellar and after they have pushed up through the soil re- move covering and place in full sun. light about a foot away from the window it it is single or closer it a double sash has been provided. Make sure that your plants are pro- tected on nights when the tempera. tare .hreatens to drop to zero. If a large quantity of plants are desired it will be necessary to provide a hot bed. This is simply a glass protected bed placed on a pile of fresh horse manura at least eighteen inches deep. The uanure should be allowd to heat up and cool down again before planting. bed face the south with sloping a few inches direction so that the glass in the same rain will run off and the sun's rays may be caught more fully. Water very sparingly in cold weather and then only on bright days, Ventilate = a little by raising the sash and keep this open longer as the weather gets warm. Transplant at least once to a cold frame, that is a glass protected bed without horse manure, before the plants are set in their permanent location outside. Planning the Flower GaGrden When we come to planning the flower garden, we must adopt a dif- ferent attitude entirely with regard to the rows than was the case with the vegetables. In very few cases is anything but clump planting ad- visable. A much better show can be produced where groups of ten plants of one variety are placed to- Have the! occa gether with the smaller sorts, such' as Alyssum,, Calendulas and similar things at the front, with Hollyhocks, Dahlias, Cosmos, Marigolds and the large Zinnlas at the rear. One must guard against claghing colors and also against blind spots. That ls, there should be something bloom- ing at all times. In the catalogues will be found the plants, al g, so that there ' Fin laying out our n advance of planting and if we take a little time with our pencil and paper we should have and pleasi bloom from late Spring until frost. Seed Although the cost of flower or vegetable seed is of minor import- ance and is the smallest item taken into consideration bv the gardener, one's whole 's work depend absolutely on the quality of the seed used. the season and if poor seed is used results are certain to be disappoint: ing. The cost of the land, labor, equipment and fertilizer will be lost, as well as the pleasure of growing beautiful flowers and the satisfac- tion of producing high quality fresh Kennedy & Menton 421 College 8t., Toronto Harley-Lavidson Distribucors Write at once for our bargain list of used motorcycles, Terms arranged. NO SNOW ON THE BOARDWALK HOTEL STRAND Atlantic City, New Jersey Sends Greetings to its Many Friends in Canada. We are quoting such a very low American Plan rate that you will find It cheaper to stay at the "Homelike Strand" than staying at home. Write us so we may quote them to you--so you will know the exact cost before leaving. Music--Salt Sea Baths--Compll- mentary Tea Daily, 4 to 6 p.m.-- We will personally see to your comfort. T. E. .\ANDOW, Mgr. H. BRADFORD RICHMOND, Prop. {sulted to ation and will also prevent the seeds vegetables if good seed which is the foundation of all this, is lacking. It is essential to use good seed and Ontario conditions. A certain rose or a very fine Corn, for instance, may give wcnderful results down in Virginia where the climate is much milder or in England where there is little trouble with frost but the same variety, if used here, will not do well. Because of this un- alterable condition the gardener is | well advised to obtain his supply of seed and plants from those sources which cater to Ontario gardens. Naturally, the seedsmen in the prov- ince select their supplies to suit our. climate and conditions, and the fact' that most of our seed houses have been in business for a generation or more is ample testimony of the suit- ability of their selections. sri ier "When I was in the war I had a horse shot under me." "Was it in the night?" "What do you mean?" "I thought it might be a night- nrare." : CRPEISN, | A man named Dodgin was recently appointed foreman, but his name was not known to all the men under him, One day he ran across two men smok- ing In a corner. "Who are you?" asked one of them, "I'm Dodgin, the new foreman," he replied. "So are we. Sit down and have a smoke." _--. . MAKE BIG Hairdressers MONEY Classes are now forming Ulex the personal direction of Robertson. Write for free f ooklet regarding 3 Robertson's Hairdressing 137 Avenue Road, Toronto COUGHING take BUSIGE: Y's A SinGLe Sip Proveslr ie ----pre-- History repeats itself, but it hasn't wything on small-town gossip. | oo much You will never use crude methods 'whea you know this better method. And you will never suffer from hes J tus out wa sake--now, Jour Be sure to the genuine, sre by. docs 0c condoms | due to excess acid, It is liquid; it cannot be made in tab form. Look for ihe nana Philips: in' Canada listed the different | Generally speaking, there 1s, but one opportunity to plant during: World Wheat King Off On Trip -- v Herman Trelle, of Wembley, Alberta, world wheat king who won five prizes at Chicago and Toronto last Fall, is here shown with Mrs, Trelle aboard Canadian Pacific liner Empress of France just before sailing from New York, February 3, on a 73-day Mediter- ranean cruise. At the International Livestock Show at Chicago he took two grand championships and one first prize and third prize for bard winter wheat, demonstrating thereby that he has moved the winter wheat line 700 miles to the mortu. At the Royal Qanadian Winter Show at Toronto he also tcok a 'rst, king five in all The trip was presented to Mr, and Mrs, Trelle by E. W. Beatty, chairman and president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, in appreciation of his great work for Canadian agriculture, and for his demonstration that the Peace River country is one of the finest grain-growing regions on the contin- ent. When he reaches Egypt, Mr. Trelle will try out the possibilities of causing wheat grains of the time of King Tut-Ankh-Amen to sprout and will return the compliment by plant- ing some of his choice seeds in Egypt for experimental purposes. Owl Laffs A boy earned his first dollar. He put the dollar in the bank, in turn charged a quart of Ice cream, some soda, and candy to his dad at the drug store. Assistant--Have you no account with this store, maam? Customer--No, but maybe I can arrange matters with your manager. Assistant (to manager)--A lady of no account to see you, sir, A girl's complexion doesn't always «taste as good as it looks. Father (after son hail taken enor- mous bite)--Another bite like that and you'll leave the table. be through. Life would be pleasanter for all of us if we didn't have to take sides in so many other peoples' rows. . and Henpeck's inper thoughts at that moment probably were: "Its a great wife if she don't waken." Mrs. Perkinson--Who's that impres- sive-looking woman over yonder? Mr. Pennington--That's Mrs. Ill ington. She's .a very remarkable woman, and they say she commands a very large salary. Mrs. Perkinson--How earn it? Mr. Pennington--She doesn't earn it. Her husband earns it, and she commands it. does she took out fire insurance on his cigars. Just cemember this: The poor- houses are chuck full of fellows who thought success was in a distant city and who never looked for it around home. . . Nobody can fight like a coward cornered, . . You might get a better bargain by leading in- i stead of driving it. . . From the late hours some young men keep you'd think they were training to be night watchmen, . . Sometimes a man gets a reputation for being big-hearted when he is just soft-hearted and al- lows himself Imposed on. , . And you may have noticed that the footprints a man leaves behind him on the sands of time are not mede with his feet. PEOPLE WE PREFER TO DODGE: | Book agents. Distant relatives, Busybodies. Patronizing plutocrats, The gossipy women. Gypsies. Insurance salesmen. Automobile salesmen. Tax collectors. with luggage. A modern home today, Is one where the two necessities of life are the bread and the Putter. Suspicious Wife--Where have you been all evening? Husband--I've been talking busi- ness with Tom Baker. Wife--Yes! And I suppose that is baking powder sprinkled all over your shoulder? The miniature golf may just fit in with the miniature salary, THE WAY IT USUALLY HAPPENS He fell for her, a charming miss, So lovely and petite; And, since he fell, we've noticed, SE He can't get on his feet. nn -- How unfortunate that the only peo- ple who know how to run the world : become authors instead of statesmen. --Richmond News-Leader, Son--Another bite like that and I'll Then there is the Scotchman who | Rhy tm They tell me new methods now gov- ern the Muses, modes of expression changed with the times; That low is the rank of the poet who uses The old-fashioned verse with inten- tional rhymes. The have And quite out of date is rhythmical metre; The critics declare it an insult to. art. But oh! the sweet swing of it, oh! the clear ring of it, Oh! the great pulse of it, right from the heart, Art or no art. I sat by the side of that old poet, Ocean, And counted the billows that broke on the rocks; | The tide lited in with a rhythmical motion;' The rea gulls dipped downward in time-keeping flocks. I watched while a giant wave gathered its forces, And then on the gray granite precl- pice burst; And I knew ag I counted, while other waves mounted, I knew the tenth billow would rhyme with the first. Below in the village a church-bell was chiming, And back in the woodland a little bird sang; And, doubt it who will, yet those two sounds were rhyming, As out o'c> the hill-tops they echoed and rang. The Winds and the Trees fell to talk- ing together; And nothing they sald was didactle uv terse; But everything s broken * And beautiful rhyming and rhythml- poken was told in un- cal -erse. So rhythm I hail it, though critics assail it, And hold melting rhymes as an in- sult » art, For oh! the sweet swing of it, oh! the dear ting of it, the strong pulse of it, fror. the heart, Art or no art. --Elle Wheeler Wilcox. printed Oh! right '1 Lippincott's Magazine. Py ox "These rugs are the finest obtain- able. In material and workmanship they are superior to all other brands on the market. There is absolutely nothing to touch them at the price." "What 1s the price?" the customer inquired, "Just a moment, madam, and I'll find out for you," sald the salesman. Se The Irishman had been having a great argument and meant to finish oft his opponent once and for all "The sooner I never eee your face again," he sald, "the better it will be for both of us when we meet." FREE TRIAL OFFER KRUSCHEN If you have never tried Kruschen--try it now at our expense. We have pl pmg to Neher gas i wea t do te a ptr Take it regular bottle is Sood 8 29 new. back. _ Your druggist is euth orised to return Four 750, iF mediate) and without question. have t ed K en free, at our expense. What \' be fixe a by Griffit! Hughes, Ltd., Manchester, Eng. b. 3: > Importers: McGillivray Broe., | Las For Originally 'Man Has Bigger | Brain Than Woman | Face is Gradually Receding | While Mind is Expand- ing Toronto--The brain of man is in- creasing in size and power, his | cranium is becoming larger, and his face is gradually becoming less prom- nent, showing a marked tendency to recede backwards beneath the brain case, stated Prof. J. C. B. Grant of the department of anatomy of the Univesity of Toronto during a re- cent address at an oped meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute here. Over a period of hundreds of cen- turies, as the brain of man increased in power and capacity, it became lar- ger, stated Prof, Grant. This ten- dency may be proven by a compari son of the size of the cranial cases of skulls of different stages of man's development, Professor Grant pointed out that the brain of a man is larger that of a woman. He did not con- sider, '1owever, that this could alto- gether be taken as proof that that much greater than that of the female. Brain sizes, were to a certain extent proportional to the size of the person to which they belonged. He pointed out that whale were larger than that of a man, but that this could scarcely be taken as proof that they had greater mental capacity. The unmistakable tendency of the jaw and of the facial portion of the skull to recede under the brain pan was, in Professor Grant's estimation, a result of the fact that the human face has been relieved of many of its | duties by the hands. Lower ani | mals, he explained, must use their jaws to accomplish clumsily many things which a human now does easily with his fingers. 'Discussing the ridges, depressions and other phenomena of a skull, Prof. Grant pointed ont that the only con- nection bety the face and the | backbone Ii the medium of | the brain cas at the muscles which work the jaws attached not to the face bones bu the walls of the br In eonsequence, he sald, by examining the exte areas to which the mus tached--and these are usu ed by fairly sharp lines--on cern accurately the muscular city of the skull's late owner. by the use of such methods as this, he stated, that deductions as to the nature of primitive man were form- ed by scientists. DAY-TO-DAY EPORT OF POTATO MARKET In order to keep potato growers and shippers more closely in touch with market conditions the Fruit Branch of the Dominion Department of Agriculture has instituted a day- to-day radio market report service. Staff inspectors of the Department at Montreal, Ottawa, and Toronto wire the salient features of their local market to the Branch at Ottawa at 10.30 each morninz. At Ottawa these reports are consolidated and telegraphed to Moncton, N.B, where they are sent out through the court- esy of radio station CNRA during the noon hour broadcast, BLACKHEADS Get two ounces of peroxine powder from your druggist. Sprinkle on a hot, wet cloth and rub the face briskly, Every blackhead will be dissolved. safe, sure and simple w ay blackheads. tisfaction gl t money Rin Fr. W. SCARE & CO 2 Wellington St. V st. Ww. SPRAINS Rub Minard's in gently. It penetrates sore ligaments, alla 8 inflammation, soothes, Tor onto MINARD'S LINIMEN tired A ° 9 mornmg / et poisons out of the system with sdf the Chewlig C1 Gum Laxa- Smaller doses effective when in this form. A modern, sclen- amily laxative. Safe and mild. FOR CONSTIPATION than | the | mental capacity of the male was just | he considered,' the brain of the elephant and of the! --_-- ey _ Classified Advertising : TARN OR MACHINE OR ST Wool," "Silk and All 'Old Tyme," all colors, ibe Ay amp! es free. Stocking & For Mills, rept. T Orillia, Ont. N OFFER TO EVERY INVENTO List of wanted inventions and ful intormation sent ree. The Ramsay Comes { Dany, Worla Patent Attorneys, 273 Bank eet, Ottawa, Canada. mm B EST QUALITY QUEBEC MINKS, Booking orders for fall delivery, Bu'lls Fur Farms, Stanstead. Quebec N OFFER TO EVERY INVENTOR. "List of wanted inventions and full information sent free. The Ramsay Com= pany, World Patent Attorneys, Banie | "treet, Ottawa, Canada. Ma RELIABLE MATRIMON- IAL paper mailed free. Address Friendship Magazine. Medina, New York. Humility { It is as one who stands by the mar gin of a lake, and gazes on his own image close beneath him; conceive this contemplator of himself borne gradually aloft towards the heavens, and the image which he still beholds as he soars will deepen in proportion, | as he rises,--Archer Butler, | RARE H we is quite intolerable excep | y small doses.--Aldous Huxley, 5 in f BUY RADIO TUBES AT WHOLESALE PRICES 1] Type Spacial 1] Ox 261A ...% 85 Ux 199 .... 160 Uv 189 .... 1.60 Wx 199 .... 1.60 Ux 10 .... 1.85 J ! Ux 112A . 1.50 bj Ux 171A ... 1.50 x 280 WD1ii ..... 18% N.E. Peanut 1. 9% Liberally Guaranteed. 24-Hour Service Mail Orders Filled CANA IAN RADIO TUBE CO. 35 Richmond St. B., Toronto, Ont. "WHY SUFFER FROM YOUR LIVER? Why be handicapped with uns slightly blotches on face, eyes with yellow tinge and that tired and languid feeling? This indicates a torpid liver. eadache, Dizziness and Bilious- ness surely follow. You must stimu- late your lazy liver, start the bile flowing with Carter's Little Liver ills. They also act as a mild laxativ pugely vegetable, free from calomel and isonous drugs, small, easy to swallow, and not habit forming. ey are ty a purgative that cramps or ains, unpleasant after effect fol- owing, on the contrary a good tonic. All druggists 26¢ and T6¢ red | pkgs. CHILDREN CRY FOR IT-- HILDREN hate to take medicine | as a rule, but every child loves the taste of Castoria. And this pire vegetable preparation 1s just as good as it tastes; just as bland and just as harmless as the recipe reads. When Baby's cry warns of colie, >| a few drops of Castoria has him soothed, asleep again in a jiffy. Nothe When coated tongue or bad breath tell of constipation, invoke its gentle aid to cleanse and regulate a child's | bowels. In colds or children's diseases, | you should use it to keep the system i from clogging. Castoria is sold in every drugstore; | the genuine always bears Chas. He Fletcher's signature. i, ing is more valuable in diarrhea. | | | +N £3 3 = S i 5 B] 3 el | Nyy TY" - Iyila B. Pinkham's . Yogetable Compound ie, B. PINEHAM MEDICINE CO. Mass, and 642) Re anh J LEAL ILI RARE Ae A= "ISSUE No. 9--'31 EAE s v % rs be fg a as AH a bs FARE a %