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¢ best be maintained details of how te '...wag carried on, An essential on! branch of was measuring the 'water going over o falls, = The comparatively mail amount even distribution of the flow go-' ver the American falls presented difficulty to the board. A light rope was Shot across from the New York mainland to Goat Island by' means of a mortar, then a steel cable was hauled across and tiglitened and by the use of a carrier system pro- vided with weights and meters the dis- charge figures were obtained from which the depth and rate'of flow over the brink of the American falls were readily computed' The depth and rate of flow over the brink of the Horseshoe falls presented a more serious problem and results were secured by means of floats. The floats were made of scantlings, so buoyed and weighted as to float per- pendicularly with submerged lengths of from one foot to twelve feet, and having flagged tops that could-be read-| 44 ily observed from the shore. These floats were taken out on the river above the rapids in motor boats and . dropped into the water at definite points on a range line across the river. When a float was released the watchers on the shore recorded its progress by transit and stop-watch observations, aided by photographic and moving-picturs records. By these methods the rate of flow of the float in each section was readily computed. If a float went through its course up- right, it was evident it did not touch bottom. Longer and longed floats were sent through until one dragged on the bottom, Then with the length of the float known and by noting the angle of inclination, it was possible to calculate the depth at that point. To secure records of the characteris- "tics of thie current in the rapids ad- foc to the river banks near the alls, it was found necessary to shoot the floats banks. The board also investigated the ause and characteristics of the bluish épn color of the water at the brink ud how this peautiful effect might be eightened by securing greater comn- trast' with the foam curtains at the eg and shallower parts. hTe color ase is most effective when seen om across the gorge. As a result of the investigation the board determined that the conservative minimum depth of water on the crest of the falls, for maximum brilliance of color; is five eet. An interesting feature of the work was the survey of the water, surface in the rapids above the falls by photo- topographical methods and the de- velopment of a small scale relief map aud model representing the water sur- face over the entire rapids. The model was made by the Topographical Survey of the Department of the In- terior of Canada. The engineers who compose the In- ternational Niagara Board are J, T. Johnston, C. E., director, Dominion Water Power and Hydrometric Bureau © fthe Department of the Interior, for Canada, and Major DcWitt C. Jones, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, for the United States. The members-added to form the Special International Niagara Board were Dr. Charles Comsell, De- puty 'Minister, Department of Mines, for Canada, and Dr. J. Horace McFar- fand, past president of the American Civic Association and chairman of the Art Commission of Pennsylvania, ! 'for § the United States. i el Barley Ranks Third In Canada's Cereal Crops Barley ranks third among the cereal crops of Canada in acreage and total Jiu and second in average yield per cre. Last year oats led in both total from spring-guns on the were. children under 15 The Teport of ' tie rotor vehicles the Department of High- 2588 issued recently by J. P. Bick- Vell, registrar, shows a total of 857 ac- ,Cldents during the month involving 1,286 cars. The majority of these oc: curred in daylight on good roads in clear non-skid weather and involved drivers described in the report as normal. Nor in the main were the accidents due to disregard of the law by the drivers. Less than 50 per cent. of tho cases, 343, are laid to violation of trat- fic regulations and of these only 97 to speeding, cutting in, passing on hills and curves or passing standing street cars. . Level crossing accidents, 10 out of 18 of which occurred at unguarded crossings, killed 11 victims and in- jured 18. Six crashes occurred at crossings guarded by automatic sig- nals and two at points guarded by gates or a flag man. Out of 1,286 cars involved in accl ents during the month, 1,047 were reported in good condition and only 37 with defective brakes, Only 168 commercial vehicles, 18 taxicabs and seven buses figured in crashes as against a total of 1,030 passenger cars. Violations of the law recorded in 343 instances include 76 cases of drivers exceeding the speed limit, three of passing on a hill or curve and two of passing a standing street car. Six- teen motorists were convicted of cuts ting in and 98 drove off the roadway. Twenty-one pedestrians were killed by cars during the month and 240 in- jured. Of this. total, four fatalities and 112 injuries were cases of child- ren knocked down while playing on the street. ---- lhe en More Prizes Offered for Wheat, Barley and Oat Seed Registered and certified seéds have been given increased promin- once in the sectional prize list of the Royal Winter Fair for Novem- ber next. The competitions are to encourage the production and distri- bution in commercial quantities of superior seeds from crops that have been inspected in the field and which carry certification of inspec- tion. The classes have been ex- tended to cover sixteen seeds and seed grains. More prizes are of- fered than in 1930 for wheat, barley and oats. There are additions to the previous: lists of peas, beans, mangels, swedes, potatdes, clovers, Alfalfa, grasses, corn, beets and onions, These are championships for the bread grains, peas, beans and potatoes and four valuable trophies are offered. In addition, 'there are national contests and exhibits for boys' and girls' agricultural clubs held under the direction of the Cana- dian Council on Boys' and Girls' work. x thesis Accident Prevention Three Rivers Nouvelliste: When one considers the cause of a large majority of the recurring accidents on the public highways, ouly one con- clusion can be arrived at. It Is that the problem of traffic safety re- solves itself into ome main phase. Negligence on the part of the driver is still at the head of the list of ac- cident causes. It would seem, then, that only one thing needs to be done to reduce the number of high- way casualties to the minimum. It will suffice if the. drivers of automo- biles are prudent at all times and in all places, particulary at intersec- tions, at level railway crossings, and when 'meeting or passing other vehi- cles on the highway. What a simple remedy can thus be applied effec: tively to a veritable public plague. mailbag yield and in yield per acre; wheat came second in total yield and third in yield per acre, while barley game sec-! ond in yield per acre and third in total 'yield. Barley is the hardiest of all cereals and can be grown through a greater range of climate than can any ¥ .. Its production dates from an- clent times when it used princi- pally as an article of food. As the centuries progressed its uses became more varied and now its main con- sumption is in the production of bev- 'erages, though it still retains its uses ny fond both for man and beast. A special report upon the produc- "don and uses of barley in Canada has "yecontly been issued. In a survey of the production of this grain during the est of the period. The Sprien, i 5 -- 930 was 'abnorm; low. 0 finn yield of barley during th years 1936 to 1930 was in 1928, wl it amounted to 136,391,400. bushels yield per acre in that year was In 1930 the total yteld was 136, 3 bushels and the yield per acre during the last eleven months Italy i bushels. The weight per measured imported 18,990,409 quintals co Forty Bergs Passed in One Day Off Labrador Boston.--The sighting of 40 -ce- 1 bergs in a single day was reported in | a communication received fiom Lieut. Commander N. G. Ricketts, commander of the coast guard's oceanographic expedition in morth- ern latitudes. It is the purpose of the expedition to obtain data through which the annual invasion of the steamer lanes by icebergs may be forecast, on is HOW operating in Northern Labrador waters, far above the trans-Atlantic steamer lanes. After an earlier cruise in the region of the Grand . Banks, Commander' Ricketts commented upon the scar- city of Borge / the: Eoteuner lanes this year. Rome.--Italy's purchases of foreign grain continue to increase. Official figures of the tariff office show that 1 throughout the five-year period to 7,761,238 quintals in the period 1929- varied from 47.04 pounds in 1928 5 J was 47.22 founds pa '30. e, and injaren 835, of whom | ¥ Col," 7,100-mile jaunt to Tokio, Japan. Charles Lindbergh and Mrs. Lindbergh are shown In front of their aeroplane just before they took off from North Beach Air- port, LI, July 27th, en route to Washington, on first leg of thelr Around World o Port Wayne, Ind--A Tn 3 700 globe encircling jaunt has been com- pleted at a cost of less than $700 by Harold Greinert, Fort Wayne, and Paul Neipp, Cleveland. The youths, both of were were graduated from Con- cordia College here, began their long trip a year ago. portation engaged in by the youths was peeling potatoes on an ocean liner, In Spain they traveled more than 750 miles on bicycles. steel ene ati Old English Burial Ground To Become Recreation Park Twickenham, England.--Unused for more than a century, the old burial ground here will be turned into a re- creation park. The last burial was in 1825, and small houses now- surround it. In granting the town's request the chancellor of the diocese remarked: except as they disclose the favorite virtues of the eighteenth and early | nineteenth centuries, such as humility --now sadly out of fashion." 9 The Geodetic Survey of Canada The Geodetic Survey of Canada, of the Department of the Interior, plays an important role in the development ! of the Dominion, providing by its work an accurate basis for all kinds of other | surveys whether relating to the mak- ing of maps or charts, the laying down of interprovincial and other boundar- ies, or the. construction of power- houses, dams, canals, railways, irri- gation ditches and the like, --tl Australian Oranges Arrive in Canada Vancouver.--The first shipments of the new crop of Australian oranges consisting of 5000 cases has arrived at this port. quality and is being favorably received by the public, Australian oranges, it is anticipated, will from now on give steadily in- creasing competition to California oranges which have dominated the markets of western Canada. The fruit is of good | Youths Travel 33000. Mils | New Flying Rules Drawn Up in U.S. Greater Safety for Airline Passengers Object. of Regulations Washington, -- New regulations to Among the methods of earning trans- | make flying safer on America's pas- | senger air lines were adopted at a re- cent conference of pilots and aperat- ors at the Commerce Department. The crash several months ago which killed Knute Rockne, Notre Dame football coach, and seven other persons, was largely responsible for one of the most important safety mea- sures. It prohibits passenger trans- port planes to fly over stretches of fog and clouds without two-way radio equipment, Another of the regulations gave the «The tombstones have no interest Pilot an 8-hour day, forbidding him to We are pigased that as a result of the publicity given to Lone Scouting through these columns many new members have joined the movement during the past few weeks, This week applications for membership have been received from Cobden, Hy-| dro, Burkes Falls and Harriston, and at Durham there is every prospect of a full Patrol being formed. A recent check up of the records of the Ontario 'Lone Scout Department showed that since its inception two years ago about 460 boys have been admitted to membership in the move- ment. Of course quite a few of these have been since transferred to re- gular troops which have been formed as a result of Lone Scout activity. The Lonles at Fenelon Falls under Senior Patrol Leader Doug. Warren have had a very busy time just recent- ly. On July 4th they had the pleasure of again meeting their friends of the 61st Tofonto Troop, who camped near the town. The Lonies helped the Toronto Scouts to make camp, and en- tered ito their activities with zest. Later the Lone Scouts were invited to visit the camp of the 90th Toronto Troop at Sandy Point, on Sturgeon Lake. They hiked over to the camp on July 8th, and to their surprise met an old friend who turned out to be| none other than *"Cookie" ("Colonel" Walton), who was so popular at the Lone Scout Camp at Ebor Park last summer. The Lonies stayed over night with the 90th, and entered into their programme enthusiastically, hav- ing a great time at the evening coun- cil fire. Wo like to see this fraternization be- tween the Lonies and their city broth- ers, and we are pleased to state that quite a few members of the Lone Scouts have, gene to camp this year with regular troops, at the latter's in- vitation. we think was exceedingly good work, as we have seen quite a few beaches recently that could very well benefit by a similar "Good Turn." gion Tolls } ont ol Weather Ho fluences on Man Matamek Factory, Que~--New landers with their Magi nepd not look longingly to equable temperature for better off in New England in the Lone Scout visitors. . to ~RBrovincial [opinion of Dr. Ellsworth Huntington, Headquarters in Teron! ently have | climatologist of ¥ale University, who included Bill Gilbert, Essex, anl|read a paper before the biological con- Jack Bassett, of Listowel, and Harold Nickle of Harriston was in Toronto a short time ago, but he did not pay us a visit, Lonies who come to Toronto for any reason are always welcome visitors to Scout Headquarters, so fre hope you won't forget to pay us a call, This week's Summer Time Profici- ency Badge is the Angler's Badge. The requirements are as follows: 1. By the usual angling methods catch and name seyen different spe- cies "of Aish. At least one specimen must _be taken by fly-casting or troll ing and one by bait-carting. In single handed fly-casting the rod must not exceéd seven ounces in weight; in double handed fly-casting the rod may be one ounce weight for each foot in length; in bait fishing the rod must not exceed ten feet in length nor twelve ounces in weight. ference in Kession here. By a uniform system of plotting statistical numbers in relation to clis matic influences, Dr. Huntington proved that frequent variation in tem- peratures not only induced greater re- sistance to disease and death, but also favored mental activity. He told of" his experiments with cadets at West Point and Annapolis with a view to determining most favorable tempera. ture for .work and health. Experi- ments had also been made among fac- tory workers in New England and North Carolina. Healthy Temperature It has been found that the optimum or most healthy temperature average was 0 degrees, while for intellectual work persons fortunate enough to live in an average temperature of 38 de- grees enjoyed greated stimulation of mental activity. 2. Show proficiency in accurate sin- Comparison of weight records of gle-handed casting with the fly for dis- | given individuals with weather records tances of 20, 40 and 50 f.et, or §n bait | showed that winters in North-Atlantie casting for distanzo of 40, 60 and 70 | states favor a gradual increase in feet. weight, while summers usually induce 3. Make three artificial flies (either! gy sharp dacline. The intervention of after three standard patterns or in|a cool summer, however, not only imitation of different natural flies). | maintained the winter weight but ac- Make a neat single gut leader at least four feet long, or a twisted or braided leader at least three feet long. Splice the broken joint of a rod neatly. 4. Give the open season for the game fishes in his vicinity, and explain how and why they are protected by the law. Applications for membership in the | Lone Scouts will be received from boys | between the ages of 12 and 18 inclu- give, who cannot become members of work longer than that. Assistant Secretary of Commerce "clarence M. Young announced that | the new medsures would shortly be drafted and promulgated, They were ! agreed on by 30 airline operators and 11 pilots. It was the first time pilots have attended such a meeting, In addition to providing for radio communication, the fog regulation also | forbids a trip where the destination | + is a landing fleld on which fog or cloud | ceiling is lower than 300 feet; Clouds | and fog played a part in the crash' which took Rockne's life, } Besides being restricted to aif eight- hour day, a pilot will be allowed to fly only 30 hours a week and will have a prolonged rest period between flights! taking six hours or more. | Regular passenger lines will be re- quired to report changes in schedulo or extensions of operation to the de-! partment. T'wo pilots will be required on multi-colored planes only when the Off Atlantic Coast! Glasgow.--After a busy week in the celerated the rate of gain until a peak in November, Dr. Huntington contin- ued. Similarly a rise in temperature affected mental efficiency. This was the explanation of spring fever, he suggested, rete A emt Stearaer Lines to Cut Fares Across Atlantic . : Paris--Steamship tasavel hetweon sThe Fenelon Falls Lone Scouts also {a regular Troop, for reason of locality the United States and Burope -will report a rather unique "Good Turn" or other handicap. Applications | 10 to 30 per cont cheaper Alter which might be copied by other Lonies [should be sent to the Lone Scout De- August 16. ? , em who live along the lake shore. They |partment, The Boys Scouts Associa IL an sifort to attract more tourists recently assisted the local town auth-|tion, 330 ,Bay Street, Toronto, 2.-- to the daxurious suites aa well as the orities to clean up the beach, which "Lone E." cheaper cabins of transatlantic lin. on ---------------------------------------------- ers, the North Atlantic Steamship Disaster of Cape Cod. Itg action was described Conference agreed to a reduction in ; as spinning outward instead of toward | virtually all classes. The New Yorker.--Disaster. It jo .onior Several attempts to forco| The first class fares will be slash- makes us laugh, with a hearty old | yo Hydrographer through the whirl-| ed 10 to 30 per cent. The third laugh, to ses how completely 7 our pool were frustrated by the currents | class fare: will be reduced 13 per friends' country homes go to pieces. wy... threw the vessel's head off the | cent. and all supplementary cha. ges nowadays when anything happens to'. | tor cabins occupied by second class the electric current. ft used to be Captain Parker is going to study the | and tourist class passengers will be that when a storm' broke down the whirlpool 'more. closely as soon as the | lowered. The cuts will be effective electric wires, the only thing that ..... aa of four small steamers re-| August 17. jhappened was that the Light went out. \,.,, "¢, (ng banks. The work on| The rate-cutting decision was Now, when the light goes out, every: (., gay iy the first attempt to make | reached hy reprosentatives of all (thing else quits too. There is no ice, exhaustive survey and charting of | lines operating between New York ji the icebox, no music in the piano, yy. ph oais and will be completed some | and Canadian ports and the principal | no coffee in the percolator, no dialogue =. 0 year. | ports of North Europe. The United in the radio, no toast in the toaster; It is expected that results of the sur-| States lines insisted that all decisions the vacuum cleaner stands silent in vey will be of great assistance to fish- | relative to reduction of trafic, as the corner. Sister can't curl her hair, o 0, Ay tho present time this area | had been proposed, must rest with Brother's toy trains stop running, the is the most productive locality for|the Now York offices. The German Iheat in the bath room goes off, the bed- fishing craft out of the great markets | lines were said to have been op- warmer doesn't work, and the orange- . pouion and Gloucester. Relatively | posed to fare reductions on a drastic squeezer stops squeezing right in the pow vessels go down to the more. re-' scale middle of an orange. It's just a ques- 10 Grand Banks nowadays from this| The fast Gorman liners, Europa tion of gathering around a log fire and country, { and Bremen, were said to be paying "marking time till the storm abates. = re -- | for their operation, although some of tote e---- Their Majesties the smaller terman lines were run- : ning at a loss. Whirlpool Found Open Glasgow Dock Tha English lines led the .iove for fare cuts and the conference was first pilot is scheduled to fly six or | has been undertaken by the United Trust at Shieldall more hours in one day. This is a re- laxation of the present co-pilot re- | quirements for the larger planes, de-| manded by the airline operators as a | move for economy which would not lessen safety. The pilots opposed this ! proposal, but it was approved. Charles A. Beach, Cornwall; 47.31 pounds in 1929. The weight in This represents an increase of 10; "236,121 quintal, * "gom), Dominion government inspector; | J. Russell, Ottawa. and Olin A., youngest of the family, of Ottawa. Brothers Stage Re-Union Boston.--Investigation of an ocean Scottish capital, Queen Mary and King | called at their request. Tha de- whirlpool bn Georges Banks, so power-. George paid a visit to Glasgow to open | crease in American tourist traffic, ful as to divert the course®of a vessel, 'the new dock of the Clyde Navigation | estimated at from 30 to 50 per cent. ) has affected the English lines sev. States Coast and Geodetic Survey, it| In his speech the King spoke of erely, was reported recently by Capt. Wil- former visits to Glasgow and recalled Tourist traffic was the most widely liam HK. Parker, of the government Glasgow's enterprise in the develop- | discussed problem before the con- steamer Hydrographer. | ment of trade with North America. ference. It was estimated that The whirlpool, when discovered by, The Queen performed the naming | Europe has lost about $250,000,000 spot approximately 150 miles due east] ceremony. and, after His Majesty had! this Summer because American tour- Captain Parker, centered on a shoal, unveiled the memorial stone, he de-| ists have remained at home, and a clared the dock open for trafic. The | large fraction of the cut in steam- stone bore the inscription: "This dock | ship passengers has been due to the and named George V. Dock." ing leather from raw hides in.a week has been de-| finitely solved through a Swedish in- vention, called after the inventor, the | Wrange-Kriberg method. | formed by the Friberg vacuum pump, which makes possible rapid and per- fect tanning of hides in a practically complete vacuum. Britain's Crime Problem by their Majesties the on 10th July, 1931, was opened King and Queen am etree Raw Hides Tanned In Week in Sweden | Stockholm.--The problem of produc- | of an excellent quality! The vital part of the work is per-! ie fem ' Increasingly Serious London,--Great Britain's crime prob- -about 15 absence of tourist parties, etfs Muir Glacier Falls Washington--According to a tele- gram received by the American Na- ture Magazine from Arthur Newton Pack, editor of Nature Magazine, now in Juneau, Alaska, half the Muir Glacier, in Glacier Bay, Alaska, has collapsed. The telegram stated that Pack suc- ceeded in taking motion pictures of the fall. The glacier, not counting the wings, is about 9,200 feet wide, stands 210 feet above the water at the front, and is 700 feet deep below the water line. The ice is about 900 feet thick, and extends back' miles. The area of the glacier is estimated to be equal to that of Rhode Island. ; The nine Beach brothers, most of whom live In eastern' Ontario, got together for the first time im _ yoars at their first annual picnic held recently along the banks of the Long Sault. Frederick W. Winch ester; Benson C. Ottawa; Dr. (Anson, twin of Ben- Mahlon W., Barrie; Dr. Howard, Ottawa; G. Weston, Toronto; Left to Right: lem, Lord Justice McCardie said at the opening of the Birmingham As- sizes, 18 more serious than at any other time during the last sixty years.. "Modern criminals," he said, "are more ingenious anc astute, Perhaps the greatest feature of recent years is that the number of boys under sixteen convicted of indictable offenses was much greater in 1929 than in 1907." rie Seamtlieieeie $60,000 Home for Animals Springfield, Mass.--A home for ani- mals to cost $60,000 is being built here by the Springfield branch of the Mas- British Schools Plan Study of League London -- Courses of study foe teachers and pupils from the publie and pecondary schools of Great Brit- 'ain are being held at Geneva in July and August this year, with a view to enabling both students and teachers to examine: the work of the League 3 of Nations from with The Geneva Tnstitute of Intel tional Relations holds its ® sessions in the offices of the Secretariat from Aug. 16 to 31. The sachusetts Society for the Preyention of Cruelty to Animals. | discussions of the Institute, are led 'by Geputation.