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From Within By R. V. C. Bodley, in The Sphere. The tourist, while perhaps covering y actual mileage than the actual resident, only sees China superficially, 'and returns home with recollections of modern Shanghal witl. its skyscrapers and lingerie shops or of cosmopolitan 'Tientsin. Ever those who have tra- wellel as far as Peking have not lifted the veil over the private life of the ~ Chinaman, or realized that the people, 'whom they probably scornfully refer "to as "natives," consider themselves "Infinitely superior "to any foreigner, whose customs, and especially man- 'mers, fill them with contempt. Through the courtesy of a British firm in Tients able to make a 'Journey into the ern parts of Chihli, and up to that fart.of the great wall of China which is not kept up for the benefit of tourists. Accompanied 'by a member of the firm, I covered _ mearly five hundred miles, partly in a ~ Ford car and partly on foot, meeting Chinamen in their most intimate sur- roundings, and with the aid of a broad- minded Chinese interpreter was able to hear these rural people's point of view. One must see that simple folk in the forgotten villages of rural China to get any idea of the mentality of the 474,000,000 inhabitants of that vast country. There is none of that greedy, grasping atmosphere, no outward evi- dence of hatred for foreigners, merely a genuine curiosity at the sight of any- thing so extraordinary as a white man with bare arms and indecently bared knees who travelled in an evil-smell- ing contrivance which moved without the aid of horses. This overpowering curiosity became rather trying at times. On the street hundreds of jabbering people followed me, sume of them even into the shops. My meals at the 'restaurant were watched by throngs of the curious from the door and windows. At dawn a host of Celestials peered in on me to s:e how I took my repose. Yet there was nolhing offehsive about this starinz, nothing discourteous. The only ones whom I could have accused of ill'manners were the soldiery, who stopped the car at every possible op- portunity, asked a number of needless questions, and finally issued passes ostensibly to permit the car to travel over their wretched tracks, but in reality to furnish the troops with a little extra pocket-money, though why 4 soldier should need money in a coun- try where the people give them every- thing for fear of reprisals is difficult to understand. At every inn a squad of armed police: men asked questions and examined my baggage, stating that this was a precautionary measure owing to the trouble in Canton, two thousand miles away. It was probably because of the absurd importance given in China to anyone with arms and a uniform, Our chauffeur, Golden Voice by anywhere untroubled, 'ably right, limit, girls, never deserted him. believably funny, their horror at our physical appear cent apprehension of a batch of high of the bandit area, through their gen: money to give double the usual price? and offered me cigarettes, fuse the money, not because he di ple are desperately podr, but becaus 'he considered me his guest. Specialties such as. prawns {ants two feet high on which were two name, assured my companion that if he were dressed in the livery of a European chauffeur, we should pass He was prob- as a Chinaman invested with power will abuse it to the utmost but he will not be deliberately fll-mannered and will usually carry i i ot io ened on several occasions to with- really well-bred Chinaman, for his draw the boats from the sea and politeness, whether asking his way of a peasant, dining In a local restaurant, vigiting the houses of the Sing Song These Chinese damsels, while regarding me and my companion as creatures un- could not disguise ance, comparing us most unfavorably with our chauffeur and our interpreter. Though we saw nothing to indicate ting of the city gates at sunset and the fortified state of some of the more lonely farms, we did learn of the re- waymen in Fenjung-Hsien, the centre erosity to the above-mentioned ladies, for who bft a bandit had enough I was struck by the unmercenary attitude of the people of these lonely districts after the grasping dishonesty of their brethren in the towns. Often 1 stopped at a pedlar's tea-stall and asked for a drink, he always made me git down while he brewed a fresh pot, When I of- fered him pay, he always tried to re-. not need it, because most of these peo- ~~ Chinamen rarely entertain in their own homes. They usually invite their to a restaurant, which in China y any size of party. In addition to sual flaked jelly fish, omelettes, shoots flavoured quite incorrect to sit over one's meal or expect any further entertainment. Our bedroom consisted of a small apartment with a rather dirty stone raised at one end into a kind of mats, two grimy quilts, and two very hard pillows stuffed with grain. The walls of the room were papered with old American journals, and in the place of glass the windows had strips of white packing paper. A low table with two stools was the only furniture, Tea was served in bowls, made from fresh leaves dried In the sun, and steeped in boiling water, and was not as good as it sounds. More damp towels followed the tea, and then bed. I could not help contrasting this meal with a glaringly Europeanized dinner to which I was invited in Tient- sin Everything was said and done in the worst possible taste. What a dif- ference in the conversation! Among the peasants it was ques- tions to the foreigner about the outer world, advice about the fertilizing of crops, or an occasional old Chinese legend. But my educated friend held forth, sometimes in English, some- times in French, occasionally in Ger- man, but boasting all the time of China and the Chinese. Turning north, we left the cultivated plains and climbed the mountains, rugged and barren, where long-haired Manchus drove their trains of wicked- looking, shaggy camels. On the sum- mits of the hills were little temples dedicated to dragons, purveyors of rain, and other agricultural deities. We reached Tsunwha Hsien at sun- set, and had our best view of the Great Wall of China, one of the real wonders of the world, It is 3000 miles long, with a roadway along the top broad enbugh to admit two cars to drive abreast, with forts which can accommodate from 500 to 1000 men. A most interesting place is Ma Lan Yu, but litle known owing to its in- accessibility. Suddenly we come up- on the city of the dead with its whites marble bridges and marble roadways, all leading to great golden-tiled mauso- leums, each a palace in itself. Lifeé- size statues of elephants and tigers and horses, mandarins, and armed warriors guard the entrances to the tombs where rest the remains of the noble Manchu Emperors. Behind a sealed dragon door lie the Emperor and the Empress, in their white funer- eal robes studded with jewels, their necks weighed down with priceless jade, in gorgeous lacquered coffins sus- pended by golden chains, Whatever the future may bring to China, I am sure that if it were ruled by the simple principles of the men one meets in those remote cities of the interior its future would be brighter than under the revolutionary theories of Chinese youths educated abroad who consider themselves much superior to all others, a---- -------- Record Sardine Catch Reported by Portugal Lisbon, Portugal--Since sardines were first canned in Portugal there has never been such an abundance as this season. In fact, at times during the recent packing season they were sold by the fishermen as low as 10 cents per 1,000 and the poorer quality were dried and used as fertilizer. The owners of the trawlers threat- stop fishing if the packers refused to pay more for their catches, but the pockers said they could not sell their product at high prices and the fishermen went on fishing as usual. While the actual tonnage of sar- dines exported will run far ahead of previous years, the 'money value of the exports will perhaps be smaller than during the years when catch was normal. Aside from cork and wine, sardines are the biggest item of export from Portugal. The season for packing begins in May or June and ends in December. PRRIREEEEY RES, Hose Industry Figures Show No Depression Rome.--Italy's artificial silk indus- try is one of the few industries un- affected by the world-wide depression. Her exports of artificial silk have in- creased in the past six months all round, but chiefly to two countries most seriously affected by depression and disaster--namely, Germany and China. Chinese merchants have bought 1,800,000 pounds more artifi- cial silk so far this year than iast. Increased exports to Austria, Japan and Spain are also reported. RARIRREY SE. Sis The King's Reign Record a state of lawlessness, except the shut d e 111, who died in 1820, to have reign- ed continuously fortwenty-one years. The King of Italy. however, has heen throne of Spain forty-four years. ------ Lincolns Still in Politics they] King George is the first king of England since the reign of George! on the throne for thirty-one years, the King of Sweden for twenty-four years, and the King of the Belglans for twenty-two years. King Alfonso, who was born a king, occupied the of whom will occupy seats in new penham district. Capt. V. A. Cazalet and his sister, Miss Thelma. Cazalet, both won Islington East district. while Captain Cazalet retained the Chip- British parliament. Miss Cazalet More Canadian Eggs Sold In British Isles During '31 More families in the British Isles are eating Canadian eggs this year with their breakfast bacon than was the case in 1930, says "Canada Week By Week." It is estimated that 20,000 cases, each containing thirty dozen eggs, will be exported to Great Britain from Canada. This marks a consider- able revival from the exports in 1930! which totaled approximately 6,500 cases. Already over 8,000 cases of eggs have been shipped to Great Bri- tain from British Columbia via the Panama Canal. The remainder of Canadian exporters, originating in the Prairie and Eastern Provinces, will be shipped from Montreal before the end of November, Whether shipments are made by the short water way from Montreal or by the longer route through the Panama Canal, the eggs arrive in Great Britain in first class condition. In order that the quality of Canadian eggs may be fully dependable at time of export all shipments are required by law to be graded according to Cana- dian standard grades of quality and inspected by Dominion government in- spectors before shipment. In egg grading regulations Canada has gone further than many other | countries. Not only are weight and size taken into consideration in Cana- dian grading but equal importance is also laid on the interior quality of the egg. The Canadian law requires that all eggs sold in Canada be candled, graded and sold according to grades, Because of the fact that Canadian consumers are able to dely upon the quality of eggs which they will get when they buy the different grades they are now using eggs much more freely. The per capita yearly con- sumption of eggs in Canada is approxi- mately 372, or more than one egg per day every day of the year. The figures available from other countries indi- cate that the consumption of eggs in Canada {8 considerably higher than that of other countries. Apples to Rival Oranges? An invention recently displayed at the Washington State Fair at Yakima and reported upon by "The Packer" under date of September 26 should be of interest to Canadien producers and consumers of apples. This machine, which is designed for convenient use of soft drink establishments will con- vert two apples into a glass of cider in one minute. It may result in mak- ing fresh apple juice as popular as orange juice is at present and, if so, should materially increase the market for apples. RGSS ESI Weather Damages . ee Sao Paulo, Brazil--Reports reach- ing hers from the interior say that Natives. Weather Bureau Forecasts Long Winter Okanogan, Wash.--The forecast of an early and cold" winter for the Northern states, Canada and Alaska comes from nature's three B's--the bees, bears and beavers. Indians of the Colville reservation report that bees have selected wild hives, high, wide and ample, for pro- tection against deep snow. Hunters bring news from the for- est that black bears are fat and are still gorging in preparation for a long hibernation period. From Alaska observers have watch- ed beavers cut and store unusually large heaps of birch and willow sap- lings. nies British Casualties The latest volume of the "Official History of the War" discloses that the approximate total casualties in the British Expeditionary Forces were 11,096,338. For every casualty inflicted by the visible enemy (in battle) the invisible enemy claimed two. Both the percen- tage of deaths from disease and the percentage of deaths from wounds are lower than that recorded in the South African War. According to official records, 86.07 per cent, of the total casualties to the fighting arms were suffered by the in- fantry, 7.58 per cent. by the Royal Artillery, 2.57 by the Royal Engineers, 2.46 by the Machine Gun Corps, 1.08 by the Cavalry, and 0.24 per cent. by the Tank Corps. According to large- scale analyses, 58.8 per cent. of wounds were caused by shells, 39 by bullets, 2.1 by bombs and ..32 by bay- onets, Exclusive of the Dominion Forces, no fewer than 2,414,000 individuals, or 40 per cent. of those who served suf- fered death or disablement for which, it is stated, State compensation was given. A A People who have been informed are sometimes state that the Boy Scouts is a "Military" movement, all know to be untrue, As a matter of fact, the constitu- tion of the Association states that it] is "Non-Military," and it is therefore with particular interest that we note that the Boy Scouts Association has identified itself with the League ofj. Nations Society of Canada for the purpose of circulating a petition throughout the country on the subject of "World Disarmament by Interna- tional Agreement." The petition reads as follows: posal Rover Crew in that town, the nucleus old Lone Scout Patrol which eventu- 'ally graduated inte the 1st Paris Scouting in Ontarlo is fast becoming of which will be the members of the Troop. This brings two 'thoughts into our mind which are that firstly Lone an, old established institution, as evi- d by the fact that our erstwhile "The nati have r d war, Let us-also r the instr t of war, A% "The undersigned men and women, irrespective of party, stand for world disarmament by International agree- ment. "We are convinced: "That competition in armaments is leading all countries to ruin without bringing them to security, and that this policy of competition renders fur- ther wars inevitable; "That wars in future will be wars of indiscriminate destruction of human life; "That so long a8 measures of dis armament are delayed, the Govern- ment's assurances of peaceful policy will be valueless." The Chief Scout of All the World, Lord Baden Powell of Gilwell, speak- ing at the close of the great World Jamboree of Scouts held in England in 1929, before the Scout delegates of some fifty nations said: "Here is the hatchet of war, of em- nity, of bad feelings which I now bury. T'rom all the coroers of the world you came at the call of Brotherhood. Now I send you forth to your homelands, bearing the song of Peace, and Good Will and Fellowship to your .fellow- men." The Dominion and Provincial Ex- ecutive Committees of the Boy Scouts Association have given their unquali- fled endorsation of the above senti- ments and petition, and have asked every Scout in Canada to get behind it and use every effort possible to add names to .the petition. Copies have been sent to the Lone Scouts and Lone Patrols of Ontario | with a personal letter from their own Commissioner, who hopes that each Lonle will do his share to promote the application of the Fourth Scout Law, which reads: "A SCOUT IS A FRIEND TO ALL." If every person in the world would make the Fourth Scout Law his or her !Send them to "Lone E" at headquar- young Lonies are growing into the more mature age of "Rovership," and secondly that once a boy has joined the ranks of the Scouts it is with reluctance that he severs his connec- tion with that organization. In other words: "Once a Scout, Always a Scout." We hope the Paris boys will experi- ence "Good Rovering." ~A8 announced in our issue of last week, we regretfully had 'to record the resignation of the Scoutmaster of the 3rd Ontario Lone Scout Troop, Mr. Vie Sheppard. We are glad to announce, however, that we have been fortunate enough to have been able to persuade Mr. George G, Emery of Toronto to assume the leadership - of that Troop. Mr. Emery, it must be admitted, did not* take a lot of persuading, as he has always taken a very keen interest in the Lonies, and we know that he will make a very fine leader (he has had previous experience in this work) and that he will soon be very popular with his boys. So, members of the 3rd Troop, what abdut a letter of welcome to Mr, Emery? Here are some activities to remem- ber: THE SCOUT TOYSHOP,"Have you sent in that slip from "On Lone Scout Trails"? Get busy, Lonies, time is fly-+ ing fast. THE SCOUT QUESTION BOX. We are alwayg glad to answer questions. ters. THE DISARMAMENT PETITION. Please do your share, Mayhe you aren't a Scout? Well if you can't join a regular Troop, why not be a Lone Scout? Write to The Lone Scout Depart- ment, Boy Scouts Association, 330 Bay Street, Toronto, and ask for par- ing salons to be seen in Paris and just now there are no-less than three --the Autumn Salon of painting and sculpture, the Nautical Salon with full-sized yachts and motorboats ex- hibited in the great hall of the Grand "In politics you must begin at the bottom of the ladder." "In what manner?" "Well, as a rule, the first thing you do is to shake the.ladder in an effort ot dislodge the fellow ahead of you." eet m--m---- Regina, Saskatchewan:--It is now heavy losses due to recent high winds and drops in temperature have been . suffered by coffee growers of the hin- terlands. Budding coffee is said to be {rreparably damaged. definitely decided that the World's Grain Exhibition and Conference will be held in Regina from July 24 to August 5, 1933. Reading, Penn.-- Mr. WRarrison T IL Duce Speaks Palais and most interesting for most people, the "Salon of Gastronomy." At the latter are to be seen and | tasted the most delectable viands of | the fruitful land of France. There are assembled the artists of the culi- nary world and there the wine-makers ' are exhibiting their finest products for the public to taste. [ It is possible to lunch there on samples, beginning with caviar and continuing with lark pie and sauer- kraut with fifty kinds of sausage to choose from, hams from a dozen cures, and cakes without number: For those who look like. potential customers, champagne and cognac merchants will open choice bottles, There is even un- fermented grape-juice to be sampled. Each day official and unofficial juries try out new dishes and go home at night declaring the world is almost too full of good things. PMEIIOIEY WAGER, The Wheat Harvest Three Rivers Bien Public: curious to remark that wheat, right- ly considered as a most essential commodity, regularly gives a har- vest each month distributed over the different parts of the globe. Thus in Canada we reap our Wheat. nf August. In Western Europe they reap at the same time. In Scandin- in November in Peru And in Decem:- the country which competes with Canada, wheat is harvested in Jan: uary. In February it is India's turn, | reaped in China and 'Japan, and = life motto, what need would there be |ticulars, They will be gladly sent. for armaments? Here, then "is a "LONE E." Paris Enjoys Rare Viands | Oldest Store Uses. Paris.--There are always interest- Newest Methods| It is' avia the harvest: comes in September, m ber in Australia. In the Artentmod and in March the harvest comes in Egypt, also a great producer and pur- 1 veyor to Britain. In May wheat is | Boston, -- A 1356-year-old Jamaica Plain grocery store, belleved by the United States Department of Com- merce to be the oldest in the United States, is not depending on these laur- els to gain business. It has added the newest thing in food merchandizing-- quick frosted foods--having recently installed a zero refrigerator display case. . Although this store -is "modernized, some of the original bins may still be seen and some of the original wall paper ig intact, It was started as a general store and post office by Eben- ezer Seaver in 1796, and was operated by the Seaver family for 134 years, Last year the store was sold to Mr. J. V. Daly and Mr. John A. Craven by Mr, Fréd Seaver, grandson of the founder. a Te Australian Youths Farm Waste Land Adelaide, 8. Aug.--Hardly a vacant block of land is to be seen in and around Adelaide as a result of the city's activities in providing employ- ment 'during the trade slump, writes a correspondent of the Christian Science Monitor: b such property having placed it at the disposal of the ony. Council for has . the of | ! roots, for an atmospheric temperature _ % as low as 52 deg. below zero has been recorded on the hilltop and still more extreme temperatures occur on lower levels. surface of summer-fallowed land. Dur -ing brush, manure or other material, / Cultivation of waste land--owners| oe so protec a al times front and Since 1922 a soil thermograph on the Substation has been kept in almost constant operation winter and sume mer. It automatically records the temperature three inches below the ing the severe winters of record al though the air has at times been forty or more below zero the reading of the soll thermograph has never been low- er than 15 degrees Fah. and seldom that low so long as there was snow over the instrument. On a few occa sions, however, when the ground was swept of snow or bared by a Chinook followed by a cold snap, the soil ther mograph has registered 5 degrees Fahrenheit, the lowest it can record, and would undoubtedly have gone low- er had the mechanism been adjusted: 'to take lower readings. Those were the winters when there was serious killing of wint.r wheat and clover. Thus we glimpse how much we are indebted to snow protection and per- ceive that in the dormant-season care of perennials, biennials and winter ans nuals the special aim should be, by us to catch the first autumn powder of' snow and afterwards to accumulate as great a depth as practicable unless in some season of super-abundance. Moisture There is variety of opinion as to the extent to which snow contributes moisture to the fields. Falling upon hard-frozen ground it probably 'sup-- plies little although even then the spring thaw generally admits enough to dampen the furrow slice. When, as was the case in the Peace in October, 1919, a thick coat falls on unfrozen ground a great deal of snow moisture finds its way then and later into the soil. The chances of keeping the soil un- frozen and permeable depend upon the earliness and depth of the snow accu- multation. In 1925-26 the Substation used beheaded sunflowers to build up snow banks dver nursery stock plant- ed to the east of them. Scant frost penetration and ample moisture perco- lation were the result. In the winter of 1923-24 manure aid- ed in holding deep snow -banks in the arboretum and smallfruit plantation when there was very little elsewhera. In spring when there was not enough moisture in the fields to ensure full germination the soil within the shelter belt was saturated to a depth of two feet at least and in July when the meadows were sere ag. they ordinarily would be.in April one could kick up moisture in the orchard. In conser quence the Station had the largest crop of small fruit and the finest show- ing of ornamentals it ever had down to that date. On fields snow can be caught and held by a brush of stuble, an ungrazed aftermath of alfalfa, or by rows of sunflowers planted for the purpose and beheaded! to avold their breaking down. Wherever possible and by whatever practicable means, hold the snow.--W, D. Albright, Superintendent, Dominion Experimental Substation, Beaverlodgs, Alta. = --------e nie i Famous Inventor of Wave Retired With Fortune The hairdressers and perfumers of France held their fourth international hibition, and a of competi tions were organized by a committee whose president was an amiable old gentleman - of eighty-two. This old 'gentleman, writes the Paris corres. pondent of "The London Sunday Ob- server," is the famous Marcel, the inventor of the "permanent wave." He' has long since given up hairdressing. 'When he hit upon the idea which made him rich, he had already been long enough in the business to know' that fashions do not last forever, and that he must strike while the iron was ell before the ton he collected 'his fortui ears, ught himself. " a nue the chateaw Gouville in the valley of the Etre, - At the height ot his fame he charged he says, was willing to pay as much as' market | fifty to havi the right of being taken, | June tine Italy and Spain. + BE | Lincoln, (D), whose ameestors were ' kinsmen of Abraham Lingoln, was re- cently elected a mentbee of the Berks prison board here. Me. Harrison Lin- coln's great-grandfather was a brother