The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

i i 2 In the warm weather the out-of door stone oven was used. A good fire was built in the oven and jt was heated very hot. When wanted for and coals were drawn and fire tlers, a growth that was found on the maple trees, called lung worth, was used for making yeast. This growth was gathered during winter and dried. After hops were introduced, they were picked before the frost came and were dried and stored in sacks for future| use. The sugar supply was made from the maple trees, as it is today only in a much more primitive way. In those days it was wooden spiles instead of metal ones, wooden troughs in place of tin buckéts and a potash kettle to boil the sap in instead of a sap pan or an evaporating outfit. In pioneer days the shoemaker was a8 her mother could spare her. Sume- | times the supply was very limited. 1 last her all winter, home took her dowery in sheep and cattle, If her father was only mod- erately well to do he gave his daugh- ter two sheep and one cow and, per- haps a ealf. If real well to do, she received four sheep and two cows. Her furniture consisted of % dozen dishes, and perhaps a home-made cupboard, This was called her "set- husband had to shift for themselves. Imagine a young girl of today with no linen shower or, kitchen shower, no wedding gifts. Things have changed The log shanty and log house of those days have been replaced by medern dwellings of stone, brick and frame, equipped with modern improvements, The ox-cart and lumber wagon have been replaced by the apto, the R. R. | train and the airplane as means of travel. The old dash churn has given way to the creamery and the cheése factory, thus lightening the household work. The sewing machine 'has re- placed the hand sewing and a woman can accomplish.in an afternoon as in several days. The old fireplace as been replaced by a Princess Fat range, all enamel and nickle trimmed with an oven thermometer to show when the heat is just right. Also, the use of many electric conveniences give women time for social intercourse, various society meetings and lectures, and even time to tgke part in the Women's Institute, where we lewrn dreamed of doing. Now just a word or two about the religious and educational and social gatherings of those long past days. The preacher, as he was called, came on horseback and preached in the | scattered settlements. Sometimes in one of the homes, or if there was a house, the meeting was held month and all baptisms and marriages were solemnized then. Now, these the new home as many candles | heard a woman say her mother only | gave her two candles and they had to | i A young woman going to her new |* home made chairs, These had bark|} bottoms. She also -one hed- stead, one table, some g, a fow ||| tin' out," and after that she and her |} since 1800, gud much for the better. |{! much sewing as she formerly could | if a place to cook the family meals has |} | eers have great reason to be proud 'more money the taxes the people must be necessary to make it'in taxes, in ficticious resources. Bpartans, at any time." Nobody would advocate our social program. States. the people, . have room for reform. tunate enough to find a red ear in the husking, she was unmercifully chaf- fed, as she was to have a handsome hushand within the year. The men had barn raisings, stone bees, logging bees and chopping bees. There is one thing lacking largely today that counted for much in those days. That was the ready good-will of one neighbour to help another. The people were more dependent on each other than now and the spirit of good-will and helpfulness was ex- pressed toward each other in greater measure. There were no medical doctors or trained nurses in those far past days. The practical nurse was all there was to depend upon. - Sometimes there was a man who was called "handy" at setting a broken bone or treating a knowledge of herbs and simple treat- ments and if you recovered by the use | of these, well and good, if not there 'was no doctor to prescribe for you and you passed on, when a little | medical help would have saved many valuable life. Our Relation to Taxation One fact is axiomatie--if the Government spends money, the people must pay taxes. The Government spends, the more these facts were so self-evident that they would accepted as a working basis for both made by the people upon the Gov- taxes to be imposed upon the by the Government, But the facts are Recently Garet Garettson, in an article on this subject in the Saturday Evening Post, told of two resolutions forwarded to Congress by the Chicago City Council." The first resolution called. upon Congress to reduce taxation by one-fifth for the immediate relief of the taxpayer. The second resolution asked Congress to vote a Gov- 'ernment bond issue for as many billions as might citizen's inalienable right to earn an honest living for himself and his family. Even Governments ot spend money, if the people do not provide It was not always so that citizens had an *n- alienable right to earn an honest living for them- selves and their families." Read this little ex- traet from Winston's Encyclopedia regarding the "When a child was born, if it proved vigor- ous and sound, the state received it into the number of citizens, otherwise it was thrown into a cave on Mount Taygetus. To accustom children to endure hunger they gave them little food: if they stood in need of more, they were obliged to steal it, and if discovered, they were severely punished. They wore no outer garments, except in bad weather, and no shoes methods, but "there might he some value in adopting more self-reliant ways of carrying out We are rapidly approaching the state of mind that expects the Government to assume all re- sponsibilities: and we are quite surprised and concerned when we find that we must pay for the services we have demanded from the Govern- ment. The cost of social service, exclusive of education, is ppe-fifth or more of the total ex- pense in some of the grge cities of the United The disturbing part of this taxation problem is npt so mych the taxes we must pay, as it is the power we give to the Government to control our lives in every particular, The quickest road to freedom from excessive tion is greater self-reliance on the part of Of course the people may be excused if at times they are inclined to believe that the Government has unlimited wealth. There have been displays of wealth made by Governments that would lead one to think that there was plenty more money where that come from which was spent to produce the display. There are two sides to this question of taxation, and both people and Governments S OR ON A TOS TO OL THO ON eee BS of our ancestry. We have much to be hway No. 11. Daily Lv. Muskoka Wharf--7.00 am, week days. 8.30 a.m. Sundays 5 pay. One would think possible the American currency, or in natural going back to 'Spartan of. It was, let ps hyild homes where God was honored and in this the missionaries of all churches are be- yond all praise, for they kept the lamp of God shining in this new 1and, as Samuel did in the tabernacle. Friends, let us arise and emulate their sturdy virtues that our children and children's children may arise and call us "blessed even as we do our pioneer. fathers and mothers. For in so doing we will perpetuate in this vast Dominion a people renowned for culture, loyalty to country and integ- rity to Christian ideals. Thos. Kilpatrick Killed in Runaway Accident A tragic accident occured on Tues- day evening of this week on the farm of Mike Fetchishen, at Cedar Creek, by which Mr. Thos. Kilpatrick lost his life. The unfortunate man was raking hay, using a team of horses. He and his neighbors had been in the habit of exchanging work. In this case the driven by Mr. Kilpatrick consisted of one [| How's Your Blood Pressure? | thankful for in that we have sprung horse 'be from, of hb and hero * race of 2% (Condensed from Hygeia (June, '32) by A. Lee Briskman, M.D.) in Readers' Digest The study of the blood pressure is interesting to all, whether sick or well, rich or poor. Blood pressure is as liable to wide and sudden, variations as are the figures on the stock exchange and, like the latter, by a marked change may ruin any of us for life at the most unexpected time. Statistics show that approxi- mately one in five adults have high blood pressure, and the number is increasing because the average expectancy of life is increasing. The heart beats on an average of 72 times a minute, and in that time, puts out about two gallons of blood. The time required for a drop of blood to make a complete circuit of the body is esti- mated at 28 seconds, necessitating about*26 beats. Day by day your heart at bodily rest ejects several thousand pints of blood The difference between rest and severe exercise may involve changes as great as 1000 percent, or 30 pints a minute. The human machine, unlike other machines, can go in debt for its fuel (oxygen) and pay it back later. A track man can run his 100 yards in ten seconds by breaking down glycdgen or sugar into lactic acid; he may then spend the next half hour getting oxygen enough to burn up the acid, thereby recharging his muscles with glycogen, and be all set for the "quarter mile." The amount of work which the heart does in one day is equiva- lent to the additional energy expended by a man climbing halfway up Pike's Peak or shoveling 26 tons of coal up a three foot incline; gr it may be expressed as the equivalent of lifting half a pound 40 inches hig! with each beat. Under normal conditions, approxi- mately eight pints ef blopd ave passing through the heart every minute. During violent exercise all the blood in the body (eight pints) goes through the heart in about 12 seconds. Under ordi- nary pressure the blood courses through the vessels at the rate of 207 yards a minute seven miles an hour, 168 miles a day, and 61,320 miles a year, as the heart beats 50 million times! This is even more remarkable when we recall that all this work is being done by so small an organ as the heart, which weighs but ten ounces. Now let us consider the part played by the blood vessels. Hardening of these vessels almost always causes high blood pres- sure. It may be said in general that there are four factors that cause this hardening; (1) the normal wear and téar of life; (2) acute infections (venereal diseases, tuberculosis) ; (3) intoxi- cations (alcohol, tobacco), and (4) personal habits (worry, over- work, overeating.) The normal blood pressure varies with the individual. Every person has two blood pressures, a high and a low. In a normal young man the higher, or what is termed the systolic, pressure, is between 110 and 120 mm. of mercury; this means that im: mediately after the heart contracts it has tq avercome a pressure equal to between 110 and 120 mm. of mercury. While the heart is relaxing and filling up there naturally still exists a certain amount of pressure. This is the lower, or diastolic, pressure and is normally abeut 80. A goed rule to keep in mind in estimating normal pressure is this: A normal person 20 years old has a sys- tolic pressure of approximately 120. For each increase of one year the pressure goes up half a millimeter. For example, a person 40 years old should have a blood pressure of 130 mm. Dr. Eli Moschowitz says, of the type of individual who gets premature high blood pressure: "Physically they are soft-muscled, pudgy, nonathletic, overweight. They do not play. Many of such individuals belongs to the class of the successful, if by 'success' one refers to the accumulation of wealth or power. One can readily grasp why such individuals are successfiil, for they throw every- thing in life aside, especially play, that does not directly con- tribute to their purpose." . The treatment of high blood pressure varies considerably. The problem of diet is a story in itself. It has been said that after the age of 40 there is "death in the pot." One main cause of rising blood pressure in middle age is overeating. The express engine capable of running from 50 to 60 miles an hour, if stoked for that purpose and then put inte the station-yard to "shunt" empty cars, will go to pieces very soon. Yet that is what many of us do with our engines. We run the engine at 50 miles an hour and supply fuel for 75. 3 a The blood pressure is a barometer. To the patient it is merely a number, or it is "a little high or a little low," but to the physician it is a fairly reliable report from the various stations that the patient possesses. An early rise tells the physician that a storm is coming; it is up to him to find out what station it is headed for, and then try to prevent disaster. VERDICT--"ACCIDENTAL DEATH" After a lengthy hearing of evidence at the inquest into the causes of the death of Mrs. Thos. McKee, Manchester, the follow- ing verdict was brought 'in by the jury:--"We the jury find that Mrs. Elizabeth McKee came to her death on the King's Highway about one quarter of a mile south of Manchester on Sat urday, July 9th, 1932, being struck by a car being driven by Mr. Eakins, of Toronto. We the jury, find according to the evidence that the cause of the death was accidental." The inquest was held at the Town Hall, Port Perry, on Thurs- day evening of last week, Coronor Dr. W. S. Harper, presiding. SUFFERS BROKEN LEG A most unfortunate accident occurred at the lacrosse game held in Port Perry on Saturday evening of last week. The game was between Harmony and Port Perry. One of the Harmony layers was in the act of picking up the ball with his stick, when alcolm Black ran to take it from him. In running Black trippe¢ across his opponent's stick, and both bones of the right leg were broken between the knee and the ankle. The unfortunate lad was rushed to the office of Drs. Rennie and Peterson, where the bones were set, ; a It is wonderful to see how comparatively easy it is to set a broken limb under X-Ray. Modern Science has given great help r of health. i pi Si Site sorry to see this misfortune come to the young man ls and w dangers and privations of a and his family. 'PICKERING The induction of the Rev. H. Crozier into the pastorate of the e! United Church took place on Wednes- day evening' last. In spite of the severe storm, which occurred just at of the chairman, Rev. G. Wallace, as- $1.50 per year in advance FIFTY BANDS AND EIGHTY LODGES TOOK PART IN THE CELEBRATION Providing a colorful spectacle such as is only seen on the 12th of July, when Orangemen celebrate, the par- ade which was the main public feature of the celebration held last week at Oshawa, brought thrills to the hearts of thousands of Oshawa and district citizens who lined Simcoe street to see the Orangemen pass by. About ten thousand men, women and child- ren marched in the parade. There were fifty bands and over eight lodges in the line of march, and their vari- colored regalia, with orange, blue and purple predominating, filled the street with a mass of color which was pleas- ing to the eye. All Oshawa seemed to have turned out to see the parade For blocks stretching out from the centre of the city to the north and south, there was a congested mass of people. Every automobile pro- vided grandstand seats, and from the windows of the stores, offices and apartments along the line of parade, thousands viewed the parade from good vantage points. There was something of pride in the efforts of the many lodges, from the whole Central Ontario districts to outdo each other in costumes and in smartness, Orange, purple, blue and red sashes, colored hats of various styles, colored capes, and other types of adornment were seen, many of the lodges having gone to great trouble and expense in an en- deavour to win the trophies which had been offered. As lodge after lodge filed past, it became difficult to decide which were the outstanding marchers, and the judges were faced with a task of extreme difficulty in picking out the winners, The Prize Winners The judgment of those charged with the duty of allotting the prizes was as follows: Silver cup for the best style and appearance, Ladies' Lodges, Vimy Lodge L.0.B.A., Peterboro. Silver Cup for the best style and appearance, Men's Lodges, Pontypool L.O.L. No. 82. Silver cup for the best style and appearance, juvenile lodge, Jubilee L.O.L. No. 17. Silver cup for the best fife and drum band, Bowmanville Purple Guards L.O.L. No. 2604. Silver cup for the best brass band, Victoria and Haliburton Regiment Band, of Lindsay. Silver cup for the best juvenile band, Jubilee Lodge L.O.L. No. 17. Silver cup for the best local drum and fife band, No Surrender L.O.L. No. 686. The silver cup for the oldest Orangeman in the parade was won by W. W. Little, a member of Coronation Lodge No. 2739, Whitby, who walked the whole route of the parade along with his fellow-Orangemen. The prizes won were presented at Alexandra Park by Past County Master H. M. Bateman, to represent- atives of the winning lodges, and loud applause greeted the handing over of each of the trophies. ------ YELLOW SCHOOL EXAMINATION REPORTS Sr. Pr. to Jr. First- -Teddy Leahy, (Hon.), Viola York. Sr. I to Jr. II--Margaret Symes, (Hon.); Alice Parry, (Hon.); Leah Willan (Hon.); Wesley York. Sr. II--Fred York, George Parry. Jr. III to Sr. III--Mildred Symes, (Hon.); Clarence Leahy, Mary Leahy, Frank Honey, Mildred Mills. Sr. III to Jr. IV--Leslie Leighton, Muriel Willan, Evelena York. Jr. IV to Sr. IV--Doris Isabel Honey, Mike Srojozuk. BLACKSTOCK The following is the Annual report of the Victorian Women's Institute for the year 1981-32, as submitted by the secretary, Mrs. A. L. Bailey. The membership for the year was 55. The 3 number of regular meetings held was 12, these were held at the homes of the members with an average atten- dance of 44, 17 papers and addresses were given with plenty of good music readings and contests. Two delegates Parry, sisted by: Rev. Dr. Carmichael, of) Whitby. Rev. R. T. Richards, of Port! Perry, preached the sermon, and Rev. | A. Richards of Whitby, gave the charge to the minister, and congrega- tion. After the most impressive ser- vice, the gathering adjourned to the S. S. hall, where a social hour was held. sent to the Provincial Convention. They brought back a very full and interesting report. We sent our usual barrel of fruit to the Sick Children's Hogpital, 'which we purpose to do again this fall. On June 10th last we marched in a body to the Anglican (Continued on page 1)