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oir success to 4 | clous capacity of Parliament Bulldings and the Chatean Laurier. But pelitical loaders here (are bound to Justi 8 in the end to their vv ' | ae Conference) have worked as giving only a minimum of 80 that the settlers will must mend for then make the utmost use of their oppor- tunity. --~Winnipeg Free Press. = Independence Impossible = | 'Nothing has s0 far emerged from re- publican Ireland to give the least pro- mise of Irish economic independence. Politically Ireland may be as inde- pendent as Canada, but financially Ire- land is no more independent of out- side money power than Canada is in- dependent of New York. President de Valera may know how to bring about Irish independence, but it cer- tainly never will be indépendent so long as the national credit has to be pledged to private sources. The pre- sent Irish administration will be made to toe the line, just as surely as Eng- land had to toe the line last September or. as Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other countries have been com- pelled to sebnfit to the policy of de- flation i d from butside sources. --Ottawa Citizen, Know Dangerous Drivers Picked observers of the American Railway Association who made a sur- vey of the actions of motorists at grade crossings, report that 74 per cent. of the drivers exercised reason- ahle care, 14 per cent. were reckl and that | too much has been themselves and, 'obvious 1 conceded and too little secured, complaints that there been no dramatic climax and no immediate decline in unemployment. It is quite inevitable that every Gov- | ernment should be driven to make the best case for its own performance at the Conference; and there will be no 'harm in it so long as they shageve the one essential condition that the case is not made to the detriment of any other Government.--London Times. Motorbus and Public Regulation of motor-coach traflic out of London is a problem both urgent and difficult. When the Road Traffic Act came into force last year, the roads were overburdened with super- fluous coaches whose owners were not concerned so much to serve the pub- c as to establish their claims to the etropolitan Trafic Commissioner's sanction. Accordingly the Commis- sioner, faced with the enormous task of bringing order into a vast, spon- taneously-generated chaos, did not hesitate to be restrictve. The final re. Inquiry just issued deals with the ap- peals against the Commissioner's re- strictions, and in the majority of cases it recommends modification, complete or partial, of his original decisions, The and 12 per cent. doubtful. Reasonable care meant reduced speed, looking in both directions and obedience to warn- ing signals. 'It is pretty safe to say that the 74 per cent. class had little Or. no repr fon in the 1d that did occur at crossings. The fact that 26 per cent. are either reckless or "doubtful" shows that at this late day there is still need for safety les- sons for motorists, and for highway sense of the situation is that there should be on the road enough motor-coaches to supply the public need, and no more, and, second, that the economic laws of supply and demand will realize that ideal, in the long run, better than arbitrary legisla- tion.--London Morning Post. Better Food Not the least of the human victories of these latter centuries has been the police to control the ous ones. ~--Montreal Gazette. Automobiles on the Farm At the present time Canada counts one motor car for every 2.27 farms, Ontario having the highest percent- age, with one car for every 1.53 farm: Quebec comes last on the list with a car for 5.06 farms, which, by the way, cannot be considered a drawback, for | though the car may be a great con- venience, it is still very often an ob- ject of great luxury and, for young farmers, a constant invitation to re- laxation and idleness.--La Tribune, Sherbrooke. Never Satisfied If prices are up, we are not satis- fied. If they are down, we are still grumbling. What, then, will bring us content? The thing that is needed is stability. It is not the fact that prices are high or that they are low that mat- ters 50 much as that they refuse to stay anywere. When they go up, the « dollar goes down, and people who have dollars find they are worth only 90 or 80 or 70 per cent. of ther former value --in goods, that is. When prices are down, the dollar becomes worth more, and the individual who borrowed at a different level finds he has to produce more goods or put in more hours of labor than he had counted on to pay his debt. It is this fluctuation which has given rise to the demand for "the honest dollar"; that is, the dollar that will buy approximately the same quantity of goods to-day as to-morrow and next year as last year. -- Van- couver Province. ' Saving on Health If there should prove truth in the report that among the economic mea- sures the Provineial Government con: t lates the aband t of the ser- vices of the Public Health nurses as built up since 1916, then the full mea- sure of the risk should be known. Six months ago the staff of 50 nurses was distributed over the whole Province and not as heretofore only in those municipalities willing to pay a part of the cost, The equipment for the wel fare stations, the first aid and the edu- cational work is all at hand. The only cost is that of maintaining the nurses in the field, which averages ' about $2,000 per nurse. The total amount saved if the whole service is wiped out is estimated at $100,000. And the whole structure of years which has yielded blessing far and wide will go into the discard. -- Winnipeg Free Press. ;) THE EMPIRE Reasons For Conference Success They (the delegates at the mever worked before; and let it (land, ovement 1s. being trancmted t of new foods, of better foods, of more varied foods. Explorers and scientists and inventors have all play- ed their parts, And the good work still goes on. The Food Investigation Board of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research is a body for which the public cares little, It-is neither spectacular nor costly, But its work, amongst other things, gives us promise of fresh British fruit all the year round. The time is near when it. will be no queerer to have fresh raspberries than fresh beef at Christ- mastime.--London Daily Herald. OTHER OPINIONS British Redivivus Far from being discouraged by world economic conditions, Great Bri- tain is redoubling its efforts to assure its industrial future by great national enterprises. One of the most import. ant 18" a scheme for electrical power distribution known as the Grid Sys- tem, expected to be more simple and economical than any other in opera- ton in the world. The basis of this en- terprise which is to link up the entire industrial system of Britain is in a great electric station, the first unit of which recently. was opened with na- tional ceremony on the bank of the lower Thames. The site in 1923 was a desolate and remote marshland and to make a foundation for the build- ngs vast superstructures of piles and cement had to be prepared. When completed 40 acres of the 100-acre tract will be occupied by the station. A jetty has been built at which ocean- going vessels can discharge their car goes of coal at all states of the tide.-- Detroit News. Peasant and Soviet The peasant and his wife have no use for Soviet notes except as means of purchasing the goods they require, and it they cannot obtain these goods they will stay at home and keep their produce for themselves. The Soviet is now denouncing the light in- | dustry organizations for not supplying suitable wares, and efforts are being made to meet the deficiency. Even the big factories engaged in heavy indus- try have been ordered to utilize their scrapheaps to make nails, buckets, and other articles for peasant use. And to cope with the difficulty from the other side all the factories have been nstructed to organize "self-supply sys- tems," to relieve the Government's task of finding food by establshing pig- sties and poultry farms, and to make thelr own bargains with the peasants for thé supply of produce from the i opt mars, tho outlook still le) reports of the condition of crops grow steadily more discouraging.--London Times, i mr pe ree. port of Lord Amulree's committee of| Return to Mountain Farms | feet in her plane--a new record. laurels. ! The other day, Maryse Hiltz, daring Frenchwoman, hit 32,500 Men aviators better look to their France and Defense Py Paul Reynaud, Recent Minister of Finance of France, on arriving at New York. I am afraid that the spirit of peace in Europe is not controlled as we would like, It is a serious question, requiring great thought and medita- tton., We never speak of peace in France pt with enthusi We suffered too much from the war. The love of peace is just as gre:! in I'rance as it is here. The American a the French views are the same on this question. President Houver but recently de- clared, when the issue arose as to re- duction in effectives, that America should never be left it. such a position as to make her susceptible to the in- vasion of foreign troops. We in France have the same feeling. It is the feeling of th2 peasant, and the spirit of the peasant of France is the soul of France. France is governed by fact. How- ever many changes in Ministries may take place, the policy of France, which is influenced alone by fact, remains the same. The transition from one party leadership to another is scarceiy observable, ec fe in mn Spanish Farmers Seek Relief on 800 A.D. Tax Madrid. -- Thirteen farmers from Logrono Province called on Premier Manuel Azana recently and sent him delving into history 'books. They ask- ed merely to be relieved of a tax sys- tem imposed in 800 A.D. by the Visi- goth King, Ramiro of Leon. Administration of the property has descended from the princes to a board of assessors, which visits the farmers each spring. This year the assessors threatened the farmers with eviction, PASE heey Man ig only miserable so far as he thinks himself so.--Sannabaro. Fruit Production In the Dominion The final estimate of the commer- cial fruit production of Canada in 1931 gives the total value as $14,756,- 636, thus confirming the preliminary estimate previously published. Ontario led the provinces in the value of its commercial fruit production, with British Columbia second, Nova Scotia third, Quebec fourth and New Bruns- wick fifth, The value of the output for Ontario was $5,894,017, British Columbia $4,894,148, Nova Scotia $2, 851,881, Quebec $911,645, and New Brunswick $206,060. The total value for the Dominion showed a decline of $3,408,640 from the value on 1980. There were decreases in all the pro- vinces but New Brunswick, the larg- est falling-off being in British Col- umbia, Although 1931 showed a reduction in the total value of the Dominion fruit production from 1930, neverthe- less there were increases in the crops of a number of varieties of fruits, The yield of apples showed an advance, as did also that of peaches, apricots, strawberries, raspberries, and grapes, but there were declines in the yields of pears, plums, prunes and cherries. The value of the apple crop of the Dominion last year was $8,868,797, second place being held by strawber- ries at $1,601,471, while peaches came third at $1,178,664, raspberries fourth at $822362, and grapes fifth at $813,280. Chg Tiny Women Voters Exceed Men--in Barcelona Spain's premier city, Barcelona, has a total of 545,162 registered vot. ers, Women surpass the men by 53, 102. The two sexes list ag follows: 'Women voters, 299,127; men voters, 246,025. Team Work Edmonton, Alta.--The immediate Elephants Beg for Coppel construction of a $40,000 warehouse, Brussels,--The director of the Ant- in Edmonton has been authorized by werp Zoo, Who has little sense of Primitive the Motor Car Supply Company of humor, reported that there have been Canada, according to an anno , "no cases of sickness from overfeed- ment by Mr, C. D. MacKenzie, man- ing" among the thousands of animals ager of the Edmonton branch. The in his care, He mentioned the tons new building, which will contain 20,-' of horse-meat fed to the carnivores, 000 square feet of space, will be con- the hay and beet sugar provided for structed on a site owned by the com- the eléphants in Winter and the fresh TitBits : The progressive steps have heen slow and interesting, the first having been taken as far back as the tenth cen- tury before Christ, in the land of pany, and is expected to be ready for occupation by October 15. Calgary, Alta.--Cars of cattle being shipped at the present time are re-' ported to be in better condition than for many years. orable, from the Strathmore farm were the winners in this' class of livestock at the recent Calgary Exhibition, The condition of these cows was the sub- Pasture and mofis-| . ture conditions have been excellent beasts, the official menu is about 50 mented their togas and peplums with since early spring and are still fav. The C.P.R. Holstejn cows clover for the dainty antelope. But the Ph hs, whose. cases he sald nothing about the hundred yield up work made on flax cloth and one tricks used by the animals With colored threads, and patterns to beg food from visitors to supple. drawn and worked in geometric de- ment their diet. sign or with inscriptions. The lux- Judging by tha ury-loving Greeks and Romans orna- the actions of per cent below par. Lions and graceful patterns wrought in com- tigers patrol thelr cages, beating! trasting colors or in gold. Gar- their lean flanks against the tron ments, when fresh and new, needed bars, the sea lions lift their voices, no ornament about the immediate in protest and sea fowl rush the edge, but as they became frayed and visitors for food, worn the threads were twisted and ject of much favorable t ment, Vernon, B.C, -- The Co-operative Growers at Penticton are going in for crystallizing cherries this year, under the direction of an expert from the Dominion Experimental Station at West Summerland. Plans provide for treating 20 tons of Royal Anne cherries for consumption at soda fountains and as candied or Maras- chino cherries. A gcod market has been assured for the product. Vancouver, B.C.--Consolidated Min- ing and Smelting Company's chemical fertilizer industry is being. develop- ed along extensive lines and more than $250,000 worth of sulphate of 'ammonia has been shipped during the last few weeks. The company is shipping fertilizer to the planta- tions of Hawaii, the citrus orchards of California and the farming regions of China and the Dutch East Indies. A cargo of 3,000 tons of fertilizer fertilizer was recenily sent to the Dutch East Indies. Indian agricul- tural interests have asked for samples, and it is expected that a large quantity of fertilizer will be market- ed in India later in the year. Nanaimo, B.C.--Fisheries Experi: mental Stations at Nanaimo and at Prince Rupert have fouud the liver ofl of halibut off this coast rich in Vitamin A. There is value also in salmon livers, formerly a total loss, and in the livers of the grey or ling cod and the grey fish (dog fish). Tests are still being carried out with salmon, grey fish and grey cod, but halibut liver ofl is now an establish. cial returns from eastern manufac- turing laboratories. Victoria, B.C.-- The fisheries of British Columbia constitute one of its principal industries. The total value of output of the province in 1931 was $11,09,822. The size of the annual revenue from the British Columbia fisheries is dependent chief- ly on the size of the salmon pack. Last year the total marketed value of the salmon, including used fresh, canned, dry-salted, etc, was $7,196,- "74. The halibut catch, which is second in importance in British Columbia to the salmon, amounted to '82,006 cwt. The catch of fish of all kinds in British Columbia in 1931 amounted to 4,649,962 cwt. with a ------------------ Business in Germany By Dr. Hans Luther, President of the Reichsbank. Rega.ding German debts abroad, I weuld like to refer to a recent inter- view given by Dr. Warmbold, the Min- i:ter of Economics, in which any idea of unilateral interference by the gov- ernment in- German interest obliga- tions was unequivocally repudiated. . . I shall not say that the economic crisis has actually passed the turning point, but the elemental force of the economic shrinking process is no; longer so great as to prevent cur now making the utmost efforts '0 re- encourage enterprise. . . Much which, in the former phase of the crisis, would have been engulfed by the veight of events can now be under- teken with the prospect of success, especially since Lausanne has de facto eliminated the superpressure of repa- rations. . . . But the stagnation of business can be overcome only by the will of busi- ness men no longer to stagnate, Even: if the government's economic program seems to be a way toward vigorous | co-operation, what matters in the last analysis is that those called upon to conduct private terprises should now really be minded to set them going. The contention that the credit strin- gency of Germany is due to the fact Germany has so little gold is a fairy tale. Nor is it made truer by being maintained by persons who ought to know better. German industry and business can perform the enormous tasks facing them only if their cur- rency is safe against unforseeable fluctuations--briefly, only if Germany maintains the gold standard. PRTRBE SAE my Saskatchewan's Butter Output Up The output of creamery butter in Saskatchewan months of 1932" was 9,038,489 pounds, the agricultural depart. of the Canadian National Rail 'This {s:an increase of 4.7 per period hog ogy corresponding ed factor and brings steady commer- value to the fishermen of $5,880,985. The elephants know best how to stitched together, and little by little, fmprove each shining hour; they, from such humble beginnings, grew ,bew for coppers to be .urned into the beautiful fabric we call lace, tid-bits by their keepers. The fancy for ornamental edges during mediaeval times sought ex- Executioner Sells Books pression in diverse ways, and by 1250 Prague.--The former public execu- | we read in various accounts of men's tioner of Prague, Broumarsky, who and women's clothes being "slitter ! lost his job because he gave an uns! ed, dagged, and jagged," which means athorized interview to a newspaper, that the edges were cut in patterns is .now making a living by selling of leaves and flowers and bound books from a public stand in. one of about with a strip of cloth or cord, the leading streets of the city. or sometimes a thread of gold, or the decoration might be cut from velvet and sewed on. Primarily the word lace signified Idle Musicians to Give Opera Paris--Hoping to relieve somewhat the plight of hundreds of unemploy-| a line, or small cord of silk thread, or ed musicians in Paris, an association any material which was used to tle i they have just formed will produce together portions of clothing, among the opera "Alda" in the open-air, both civilians and the military, as sports stadium at Colombes. Sing- the doublet and hose, the sleeves to ers of the Paris Opera have promised the body, or the stays and bodices of to play leading parts in the cast, ladies' dresses. In the "Paston Let- of more than 500 persons. There, ters," where so many of the fashions will be an orchestra of 120 unemploy-| of the times are mentioned, in the ed musicians and the brass hand of year 1469 John Paston wrote to his the Mounted Republican Guards will brother: "I pray you bring home be present. | points and laces of silk for you and me," which referred to these laces, Eiffel Tower to Be Painted made of silk, for tying the clothes Paris--The Eiffel Tower. soon will together. "Points" were the metal weigh thirty-eight tons more, when tags on the ends of the laces to keep the task of cleaning and painting it | them from ravelling. There is no re. is completed. Thirty-eight tons ot ference to lace other than this in the paint will be required to cover the book, although there are many refer- entire surface of the steel structure, ences to clothes, their fashions and which weighs 7,700,000 tons. The trimming, . painting is done every seven years. Two countries claim to be the birth. -- HL. place of lace--Flanders and Italy; To Ski Over Aegean Sea and while the Dutch hae contributed Vienna. --Fritz Ettelmayr, who in more to the making of thread lace, 1928 at the age of 19 made the first|it seems undoubtedly true 'hat Italy crossing of the English Channel in| was first in the field with this beautl- a collapsible boat, left Villach in| ful adornment, but in its earlier form { Carinthia recently on water.skis, on' of gold and silver, and later with which he intends to walk by water to coarse threads of flax. It is in the Athens, | Italian inventories that the earliest He is following the course of the mention is made of lace, and italy Drave and the Danube to the Black ' long sustained her supremacy In the Sea, and will then ski through the production of superb points.--N. Hud- Bosporus and the Dardenelles across son Moore, in "The "Lace Book." the Aegean Sea to Athens, He will --- i return to Austria by skiing over the | Adriatic along the Dalmatian coast. Boredom Declared Cause He is being accompanied only by | Of Time Lost by Workers his friend Ferdinand Schwamberger in a collapsible boat. London.--Boredom causes industrial - workers in England to lose more time s a "» from their jobs than all the recogniz- Restoration of Angelus | ed industrial diseases put together, A Two Month's Task the report of the Chief Inspector of : of 12 d Workshops for 1931 Paris.--Two months of work by ox-| Factor 8 an orEshop: perts will be necessary to repair "The This is the result of the mechani- " : 3 Angelus, the Millet masterpiece ;o;0, of industry, according to a which was slashed recently by 3. man, comment in The Lancet, English believed by police to be a lunatic, at medical journal. The vague nervous the Louvre Museum. : : disabilities that have increased great- The process is a delicate one. First ly in recent years are.really the re- of all, the severed threads of the sult of ennui on the part of the canvas have to be drawn together and machine hand, it is thought. gummed. Following this a new foun- | This state of boredom so great as dation is' formed by a piece of fine t, cause nervous ailments severe en- gauze. This operation alone takes | oon to lose time from work, was three weeks. After that the cut in} almost unknown to the craftsman, the actual painting has to be repaired. | pha Lancet points out. Artists, experts in this class of work, | are employed. The tints of .he old | 3 Pind paint are exactly matched and the| Canada's First $31 Siok vo vets est rues Radium Refinery jamt is y gs | Port Hope has been selected as the can be detected. R Mist] Under-Secretar for, Site of Canada's first radium refin- Joan Mistier, Under Secretary It is being built by Eldorado Fine Arts, has brought formal charges | ©" against Pierre Suillard, 31 years old,! Gold Mines, Lid, which . is exten an engineer, living in Paris. If alien-| sively interested In the pitchblende ists "find him responsible, the maxi-| deposits at Great Bear Lake in the Northwest Territories in the vicinity of the Mackenzie River. M. Pochon, mum punishment of seven years at, i iscour- | hard labor will be sought, io discous a French chemist and radium expert, has been engaged to manage age repetitions of his crime. The man | ARSED who stole Leonardo da Vinci's Mona plant. The refinery, according to & | recent bulletin from the Canadian Lisa" received five years. i -- | National Railways, will be equipped Illiteracy Shows Drop i to segregate any silver that comes : ' with the pitchblende, although high- Of 6 Per Cent in US. Fado silver ore is being taken out Group data compiled by the Census separately at the Eldorado property Bureau on the 1930 reports, says "The and is being sent to a silver refinery. Philadelphia Bulletin, "show a reduc-! Last year twenty tons of pitchblende tion from 6 to 4.3 per cent. in Illiteracy | ore were taken out for assay. This in the United States. The efficacy of is now at Ottawa and will be takem the school system and the effective- to the new refinery when it is ready ness of compulsory attendance are re-| to begin operations. flected in the fact that only 420,638 of American {lliterates in 1930 were un- - der twenty-one. This group was 598, Rise H arket 79 in number in 1920, the percentage | Expect in Fur M . of improvement beng 1.1 as compared | There are slight indications of ris with 23 in the group including ages IDE Drices in the fur market, F. A. from twenty-five to thirty-four. Stacpool, manager of the Hudson During a forty-year drop in illiter-; acy, from 13.3 to 4.3 per ceat., the per- centages of male and female illiterates Bay Company, London, England, re- ported recently to the Canadian Na ! tional Railways following an inspeo- have been nearly equal, in 1930 4.4 per. ton of 'the company's stores and cent, among males and 4.3 among fe-' POSts In Western Canada. In May, males. Males in 1920 had a percent the market showed a surprising ine : age of 6.0, females 5.9 per cent., each, Srease vyer, Foy. 2 ao, the group making an improvement of 18, 30 800.36 por cout. ng Bd in the figures. Male and female whites in 1930 had the same percentage of 1. Sanadign National Railways bulle | literates, 2.7. To reach this equality | the male white population gained a m-- : trifie more than the females, as in True dignity is never gained by 1920 the percentages were 4.1 male §l- Place, and never lost whea honors are literates and 4.0 females : , withdrawn.--Massinger, *