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i er 0 i - i Voice of the Press CANADA The Deadly Pea-Shooter One juvenile nuisance follows an- other in St. Thomas, Now it's pea- shooters--tin pea-shooters costing one cent each, Motorists have complained about boys shooting peas and shot at them as they passed and Friday even- ing telephone calls were received at the police station from nervous wo- men reporting that mischievous young- sters were shooting peas against the windows of residences. A woman also reported to the police that she stepped on peas on the sidewalk, lost her bal- ance and fell, injuring one of her limbs. Boys with pea-shooters who were nearby when the woman fell are believed to have been responsible, Definite instructions have been given the members of the police force to take possession of all shooters that they see in the hands of youngsters. Merchants should be prohibited from selling such things to children, -- St, Thomas Times-Journal. Rural School Fairs * The rural school fairs, becoming each year more popular, are undoubt- edly doing a great deal to inspire country boys and girls to know more about farming and its possibilities, and the growth of this movement is a healthy sign, These school fairs are contributing an important service, and they deserve the support of the com- munities in which they are held. Their success is a good omen for the pro- gress of agriculture--Peterboro Ex- aminer, The Rise in Prices Newspaper readers have heard a lot about the renewed feeling of confi dence prevading business 'n Canada and the United States. The upward trend of basic commodity prices, ex- cepting wheat, which is all-important to the West, in the last wo or three months accompanying the remarkable activity in stock and bond prices has given ground for that confidence. The advance in prices has not, however, narrowed the gap between farm pro- ducts and manufactured goods, and until that has been done progress is not likely to be very satisfactory.-- Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. Turning Point Reached The general feelng that the turning point in economic conditions has been reached is supported by "The Econ- omic Annalist," published by the De- partment of Agriculture, Ottawa. It ghows that there was an increase in the Bureau of Statistics index of wholesale prices for August which marks the first upturn since Novem- ber, 1931. The amount of the in- crease, which was from 66.6 in July to 66.8 in August, is not in itself signifi- cant, but the fact: that a slight in- crease was registered may be of im- portance, The price level of a num- ber of basic commodities including sugar, rubber, cotton, silk, copper, tin, silver and coal registered gains on Canadian and world markets, "The Economic Annalist" adds that perhaps the most satisfactory indica- tion of what may be ahead ig that for about a year prices and the trend of business, though slightly downward, have passed the period of wild gyra- tions that characterize the earlier stages of a depression. Indications of stability have not been lacking in re- cent months, Such stability has pre- ceded an upturn in business during previous periods of this nature.--Tor- onto Mail and Empire. Decrease in Juvenile Crime An official report from Ottawa shows that there has been a decrease in juve- nile crime amounting to 10 per cent. in the major offences and 25 per cent. in the minor ones. This is satisfac- tory and naturally enough, people are asking the reasons for it. Some of them think that greater facilities for games and recreation have a good deal to do with it, which can be used as an argmuent why home lessons should be abandoned, so that more tme can be devoted to them. Another reason given is that the depression has been making people stay more at home and thus the children have come under greater parental care.--Kings- ton Whig-Standard. THE EMPIRE Jailed For Debt There were 60,000 people sent to Jail in 1030, according to the report of the latest prison inquiry. Thirteen thousand of these were imprisoned for debt. Twelve thousand were impriss oned for not paying the fines inflicted on them, Seven thousand were kept in custody on remand, A great num- ber of these were imprisoned in this ay because they could not find bail. {Ihus, about half of the prison popula- on were put behind the walls be- ; their principal crime was erty.--~London 8 Dally Express. "Survival of the Fitant o should Canada, The Empire and The World at Large normal efficiency is a problem which our health services have not yet solved. It must become of greater im- portance year by year: --London Daily Telegraph, The Results at Ottawa The material results are not very great. But the agreements are import- ant in that, when ratified by the vari- ous Parliaments, they will formally regularize Commonwealth trade ar rangements over a wide field and form a solid foundation on which more am- bitious structures can be erected. -- Natal Witness, Pietermaritzburg. Empire Co-operation One of the great troubles of the pre- sent day is that industrialists and mer- chants have lost their ability to make plans confidently for the future. The great value of the Ottawa resolutions lies in the fact that they reveal to the world that British policy has the backing of the whole British Empire. An appreciation of this solid and sig- nificant fact may, and we believe will, exercise a determining influence upon the deliberations of the coming Inter- national Conference.--Cape Argus, The British Navy and the Empire New Zealand has been wont to claim with pride that Britain has been given preference of many years without any- thing being asked in return The atti- tude is legitimate up to a point, es- pecially as evidence that sentiment in favour of Empire trade has long flour- ished. It is not quite correct to say nothing has been given in return whether asked or not, As Mr. Downie Stewart pointed out long ago, Britain's entirely disproportionate burden of Empire defence has properly been claimed as a set-off to preferences.-- Auckland Weekly News. Vegetables For Canada Signs are not wanting to show that a good number of person: intend to grow vegetables in Jamaica. Their objective is the Canadian market. The line of vegetable culture that interests them most is tomato. Canada im- pors about two million dollars' worth of tomatoes between October of one year and May of the next, The bulk of the tomatoes that are offered for sale in Canada during the six months referred to are from the Southern States of America and the Republic of Mexico. The possibilities of the Cana- dian market should appeal to parties in Jamaica, as they have appealed to growers in some of the sister colonies. It is of importance to remember that the Dominion Government admits Bri- tish West-Indian tomatoes duty free, while the foreign product is subject to a duty of 30 per cent. ad valorem.-- Jamaica Gleaner. OTHER OPINIONS St, Lawrence Waterway The next step in the development of the inland American empire is the St. Lawrence Waterway, already five- sixths completed. There are 22 States linked together over a period of years to effect this Waterway opportunity, and every one of them knows on the evidence of long, painstaking examina- tion that the benefits from its comple- tion will be immediate, and its future fruits, to those who prepare for them, incalculable. This Waterway is com- ing, and it is coming soon, in face of the 55,000,000 people directly affected 'by it, it will take a very intrepid and reckless political party to try to ob- struct it.--Detroit News. Child Labour Mr. Hoover has made an eloquent and sensible appeal to the whole Na- tion to press for the abolition of this monstrosity, It is to be hoped that his words may receive the attention they merit. He urges a declaration of war on child labour for two reasons, either of which, alone, should suffice to unite public opinion actively against that blemish upon our national life. It is, the President points out, an evil which connotes injustice to children, impairs their health, and re- stricts their preparation for manhood and womanhood. It is, further, a gross Injustice to the adult worker, who needs all available opportunity for employment that he may support his family. This problem is no unim- portant matter. It affects the actual lives of upwards of 2,000,000 American children to-day.--Boston Globe. Re -- Island to be Auctioned Belgrade.~Hvar, one of the love- liest islands off the Dalmatian coast and a popular bathing resort, near Spalato, is for sale, complete with 'hotels, beach and sunshine, to the high- est bidder, It is the property of a Croatian named Jeliceo, who, after making a fortune in the United States, loaned large sums at low rates of interest, to the municipality of Hvar, to enable them to transform it into a modern resort, Hvar hit by the slump, Jeliceo had to realize his assets, and his loans to Hvar passed into the hands of & committee of creditors. These have now decided to sell the island at auc. tion. Hvar possesses many histori: cal monuments of the Venetian epoch. y --o 2 Belore you tuck baseball out of mind for the year, take one look at this picture from the third game of the world's series, which shows Bill Jurges, Cub shortstop, safe on a slide to second. io Bi ators es Birmingham and The 8 festival op une 27 and by the time it closed on Sept. | 10 some 84,000 persons had attended the plays, In addition, 43,000 people 'have in the last four months paid a shilling to look over the theatre with- estival, a purpose of | April 23 with the opening seremony . > in 4 a week in Chelten-|® | ham to packed houses In both towns. ihe interior agree building could contain the amazing Hodetd, producers. | "Railway will continue its Budi ford this Winter for the first time, another tribute to the growing popu- larity of Stratford and Shakespeare. Grain Spoilage Is Less In Canada Montreal.--Grain wastage is de- clining in transit from Western Can- ada to this port. For the few years preceding 1929 the average amount of spoiled grain was 20 bushels to every 100,000 transported. Since 1929 a f rther cut has been made in the amount of waste. Today the average is four bushels per 100,000, The change has been brought about by im- proved operating efficiency. So far this scason a total of 67, 443,643 bushels of grain have been ccnveyed to Montreal compared with 36,618,830 at this time last year. A improvement in the figures for orders has brought about a rise to 1,391,492 bushels in the 24 hours contrasted with 854,287 on the sam2 day last szason. Deliveries from Moutreal grain ele- vators to ocean-going vessels in this tort reached a total of 1,192,813 bush- els in the 24 hours of Sept. 8, It has Ecen many weeks since the 1,000,000 mark was reached in a single day. -- Botanist Finds Corn Grows Rapidly in Evening Glow Ames, Iowa--Direct sunlight on the leaves and low temperatures have been found by Professor M, E. Loomis, of Iowa State College, to deter the corn-plant growth. The botanist discovered the growth of corn stops when the temperature is about 50 degrees Fahrenheit, or lower. "As the temperature rises from 50 degrees," he says, "the corn plant grows with increasing rapidity up to a certain point, provided the sun {is not shining directly on the leaves." Professor Loomis found corn plants grow most rapidly in the evening when the sun is low or has gone down, and on cloudy, warm days. PRISE | Waris Seek to Control Goitre Prague,--As goitre is prevalent in Czechoslovakia, the Health Council of Bohemia has instructed directors of schools to report to the district phy- sician the names of all children who show sympotms in order that they' may receive early treatment, Another. American Fira Opens Plant in England London.--Another American firm is establishing a' factory in Great Bri- tain, to serve its British market and to affy closer access to European demand. It is Liptak Furnace Arches, Ltd., which has set up a factory at Broadheath, near Altrincham, for the manufacture of high temperature ce- ment, The factory has been equipped to produce 'fire-brick and furnace-arch cement and operations are now in full swing. + It will supply the whole of the company's | European market, which formerly was accommodated ~from the company's factory in the United States. Raw materials are imported from America, -------- Rural Schools of Michigan Least Affected by Depression Lansing, Mich.--Rural schools in Michigan are weathering the depres- sion adversity better than are large city schools, according to Webster H. Pearce, State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Most of the cost of administration in the rural schools is in teachers' salaries, Mr. Pearce says, and a reduction in salaries has brought about economies, : | ad Friend--""So you honestly think you have the smartest boy on earth?" Fond Father--"Maybe he isn't yet, but he will be if he keeps on making me answer all the ques. tions he can think up." Ry Believe, if thou wilt, that moun- | tains change their places, but believe not that man changes his nature.-- | Mohammed. The Gish Sisters 'aut plenty of thrills tn of them was Paris | o£ sik FR some ot 0 wow rn, Dont en ie Gish a a ee mindy Just, Jgesally o outside tein: Copenhagen Notes Would Tax Loaned Pooks Many Danish authors are dissatis- fled with the sale of their books, for, with the lending libraries and book clubs in city and country, there is a very small sale each year. Since last year, when Peter Freuchen for. bad the loaning of his last book on Greenland from . libraries or clubs, the agitation for state help on the question has gradually srisen, and there is a-request before the Minis- ter of Education for a tax to be placed on the latest books loaned, for a certain length of time, so that those desiring to read the book dur- ing that time must pay extra for the privilege. It is well known by lib- rarians that the demand for a novel is usually from three to six months. "Art and Advertising In the arcade of the new Vester- port Building is an art exhibition, free to all who walk there. It is an excellent method of combining advertisement with education. "~ome very good works of art are to be seen, Among the ceramics are the "Hans and Grethe" children's ser- vice for the breakfast table; small stone figures, modeled by a Czecho- slovakian; weaving from both the province and. city schools and pri- vate workers; in beautiful designs, The furniture workers also have their share in "the permanent," as it is called, and ideas for rooms are shown in full detail for the new house or apartment, so that a home can be furnished completely in theory before the "stores need be entered. The work of changing and arranging the exhibits is in the hands of competent artists, who see that the general effect of each depart- ment is interesting. | Carlsberg Fund Votes Grants The Carlsberg Fund, founded and endowed by the late Mr, I. C. Jacob- sen, with capital rivaling that of the Swedish Nobel Institute, has voted grants aggregating 861,976 kronor-- $220,000--in aid of natural scientific study; publications and research in 1932. Among many substantial grants is one of $10,000 to the Society for Danish Language and Literature, for the publication of Haps Andersen's correspondence with his friends Edvard and Henriette Collins, A similar grant was made toward a new volume--the thirteenth--of the society's great Danish dictionary and a slightly smaller grant toward be- ginning the publication of a Diplom- atarium Danicum. Dr. Lauge Koch, the famous. Green. land explorer, receives $8000 to as- sist in the publication of the results of his more recent explorations, and Prof, P. O. Pedersen gets §10,000 for the erection of two stations in Green. land for experiments In connection with the electric conditions of the at- mosphere, In spite of apparent tightness in the financial world, the Municipal Board of Copenhagen 1s building 700 new dwellings for the citizens. The Common Dwelling Company has on hand 659 flats. The Workingman's Building Association and the Co- operative Building Company together have 370 flats under erection, al- though the loans from the mortgage companies are given only at a high percentage.--The Christian Sclence Monitor. Er Records 125 Years Old Taken To New French Repository At the Hotel de Rohan, where the national archives are kept, writes the Paris correspondent of "The Christian Science Monitor,' the records of twenty-eight Parisian notaries have been lodged in a new repository, This is the result of the law passed by Parliament in 1928, which "authorized -|and implored" notaries to store those of their rifies which were more than 125 years old.in departmental or na tional achives. Until now a historian wishing to find out some details in the history of| Study of Humanity Is Factory Need Analyses of oF Paychological Causes Reduces Acci- dents Doctor Declares Geneva.--Spurred by American in- vestigations of the "human factor" in occupational accidents, the Indus- trial Hygiene Service of the Inter- national Labor Office has been mak- ing a survey of the subject on a worldwide basis, with the result that Dr. Luigi Carozzi, chief of the service, ce to Strat-! is convinced the time has come for the doclors to be called into consul tation 'by the engineers who up to now have been trying to solve fac. tory safety problems along their own lines, Dr. Carozzi, feels that a large number of indus- trial accidents are not due to mach- inery or objective causes, but to the workers' susceptibility and constitu- tional make-up. Drafting Standard Code Despite recent recognition by many experts of an accident percentage as high as 80 per cent dve to the "au- man factor," he declar®, proven- tive work so far has involved only education and propaganda, with con- sequent neglect of physiological and psychological causes. Simultaneously with its study of accidents, Dr. Carcazzi's bureay has' been drafting a standard code of in. dustrial hygiene, incorporating the the best practice of countries most concerned with the health of their workers and designed to serve as a guide to those lagging behind in this respect. Pending further analysis of the data obtained on occupational aceci- dents of the most varied origin, Dr, Carozzi is not ready to outline de- finite conclusions. However, he be- lieves® enough evidence of biological factors is alrady available to result in measures that might eliminate a large percentage of accidents for which no methods of prevention have been found hitherto. Only accurate knowledge and interpretation of the! known facts in his opinion. While not denying that some acel- dents may «correctly be labelled as due to'the fault of victim or employ- er, or even as due to a single cause, Dr. Carrozzi holds, nevertheless, that too much credit is given to the con- scious or voluntary element when many accidents are, dismissed sim- ply as caused by negligence or the fault of victim, fellow workers, fore- men, supervisors or employers. Seeks Production Improvement He declares that the results of studies made by many American au- thorities support his views, and that it is mainly to co-ordinate the vari- ous indications and observations which have appeared from time to time in the United States and else- where that the survey has been un- dertaken by the Indusirial Hygiene Service. % Machinery, apparatus and tools are but one group of many factors which Dr, -Carozzi and his staff have con- sidered. Attention has been given to means of protection, as well as to the possible effect of wages and labor turnover. Working conditions have been analyzed with regard to lighting, temperature, humidity and ventilation, The time of occurrence of accidents has been studied to note the effect of climates and seasons, days of the week, hours of the day and day and night shifts. Regarding the industrial hygiene code, its aim is declared to be not only the safeguarding of the workers' health, but the improvement of pro- duction as well. an rh Tariff Aids Razor Trade According to Sheffield Firm Sheffield --An order for 10,000,000 safety razor blades, whch is believed to constitute a record in the industry are essential, former professor of diers were routed, and Boadicea took pathology at the University of Milan, | poison. | amonz specimens gathered from all n | perate chances for a cherished o| Adventure has called to women the Duke of Bohemia, putting to according to popular legend, men she and her maidens could enslave, the woman warrior was not uncommon, Through Greece and 0 ancient lands, through early ritain and medieval France, has led the trail of the woman going into battle. Later England had her Mary Anne Talbof and her Hannah Snell; America Deborrah Sampson, who were worldly, however, compared with the saintly Joan of Arc and the British Queen Boadicea. Joan riding at the head of her army, "clothed in a coat of mail, armed with an ancient sword," will un- doubtedly remain the great spiritual Amazon of the world, ani few women in war ever measured up to the Mald of Orleans in pluck and leadership. Unlike the gentle maid, Boadicea, & British Queen in the time of Nero, was fierce and proud. When her husband attempted to take away her lands and power, she gave battle. Halt of Bri- tain, enraged at Roman rule, followed Queen Boadicea to war. But her sol- reefs pi To Send Germs to Africa Two small packages of bacteriologl cal cultures of the meningitis germ left New York last week on an Ameri can-South African liner bound for Cape Town. The germs are consigned by the United States Public Health Service at Washingtn to Sir Spénccr Licter Director of the South African Institute for Medical Research at Johannesburg. Sir Spencer is' conducting research over the world and several cultures _ sent during the last year have arrived dead, the result of variable tempera- tures during the long voyage. This time particular care is fo be taken, and a messenger took the cultures to the ship, strapped next to his skin on each side to keep them at body tem- p perature. I On the ship they will be placed fm a specially prepared incubator in the ship's hospital and at Cape Town will be taken ashore with the same precau tions used here. There the cultures will be entrusted to officials of a South African airline for the last lap of the journey to Johannesburg. PORASHEY NA Contemplation The woman singeth at her spinning: wheel A pleasant chant, ballad or barcarole; She thinketh of her song, upon the whole, Far more than of her flax; and yet the reel Is full, and artfully her fingers feel With quick adjustment, provident con- trol, The lines--too subtly twisted to une roll-- Out to a perfect thread. I hence ap peal To the dear Christian Church--that Wwe may do Our Father's business in these temples mirk Thus swift and steadfast thus intent and strong; While thus, apart from toil, our souls pursue Some high calm spheric tune, prove our work The better for the sweetness of our 2 and song. --Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Son- nets. N "9 London Animal Sock Society Gets Anonymous Gift London. -- Entering an office in Jermyn Street, an elderly man handed to an astonished official two suitcases bulging with £10,000 worth of £1 notes, and remarked: "Here's a little gift for your society." He then de parted, saying he did not wish to df vulge his name. As a result, the fortunate occupants of the office--the Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animalg-- have been aided financially at a time of stress, -- T~- Love I wonder in some far-off state © If love can eng death 3 Will I know. her, an d she know me, , . As when she ho life's breath sat ce son os sin Por Sil 230 vaich tor ms, NPOR Ty, bronst and woop t foy m3 face to geet :