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King Henry VIII, levied on the fairs -- -- ee see X : Voice of the Press Canada, The Empire and I'he World at Large 2) CANADA COST OF BRINGING UP * CHILDREN Much is heard about the' high cost of education, but figures repared by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics go' to show that it costs only about $7656 to keep the average child at schoo! for eight years, but it costs more than that for clothing, twice as much for food and three times as much for housing. Altogether, it is said to cost $5750 to bring up a child to the age when it is self-sup- porting. Next to good health, a good education is the greatest asset a youngster can have --Fergus News- Record. YOU SEE IT EVERY DAY What chances men take of being severely burned, and even losing their life, is seen at almost every service station where gasoline is fed to the tank of a car. The owner of the car will stand over the tank and. watch the inflammabe fluid be- ing poured in with a lighted cigar or cigarette between his lips and we have even seen them strike a match to light their pipe. = In the open air] the danger is not so great. but it is nevertheless, a great danger and once the fumes of the gasoliné be- come ignited, the explosion follows, and the man standing nearby is liable to be the most severely burned. We have frequently noticed young men, while the gas tank was being filled, strike a match and light a cigarette, Accidents do occur, and often lives ave lost by such careless- ness, but those who do escape do not seem to heed the many warnings. Recently we read of a man who was removing gas from a car with a lighted pipe in his mouth. In a few hours he was being cared for in an hospital, and is probably is- ficured for life. IYire and gasoline don't mix any more than alcohol and 2asoline will mix.-- Winchester Press, WEED DESTRUCTION Farmers can do much toward the elimination of weeds from their pro- , perties and their district if they will | give more attention to the destrue- tion of this menace to good crops. | it was pointed out at a meeting of agricultural men at Fesex recently. While some farmorvs realize the ne- cessity of destroving the weeds on their farms, others are lax in this, and render ineffective all the work that hos heen done. The sow this- tle and dodder ave the enemies on whieh the farmer should wage war and the wat will not he won unless all formers do their utmost to pre vent the weed: from gaining a foot- hold on their farms. It is to their own advantoae to do so, for it means less work and better crops in the end. Testing their seed before sowing is one way of preventing the spread of weeds. Destroying the weeds ns many times a venr as it is necessary is arother method Tt is up to ev- ery farmer to co-operate with the weed inspectors as far as possible and heln make their land eleaner.-- Amberstburg Feho. AERIAL FREIGHT TRAINS Who knows, but that, as now pow- erful engines pull the freight cars, some dav a powerful plane will. pull half a dozen gliders at its heels -- the freicht train of the air.-- Halifax Chronicle, ; LIFE AND KISSES A would-be crepe-hanger has in- formed an indifferent and unrespon- sive world that every kiss_indplged in shortens one's life three minutes. If this chap has the correct dope he has certainly suggested a delightful me- thod of leaving this vale of tears. If the plea-ures of kissing must be given up in order t¢ reach a ripe old age, a referendum on the subject would undoubtedly be unanimous in favor of an eariy but blissful demise. --Kingston Whig-Standard, ON THE HIGHWAYS There ave just as many discourte- ous drivers in Canada as anywhere else. We have the road hogs. We have the vréckless drivers. We have the people who never stop at a red light, but expect everyone else to. We have the "fender scrapers' and the obnoxious horn-blowers and the unreasonable cutters-in and all the rest who make driving more or less of a nightmare for decent citi- zens with some sense of their obli- gation to society. Motoring cour- tesy -- what a change its general adoption would mean to the whole Jisinss of driving.--Border Citios ar, FAMOUS FAIR PASSES Passage from the contemporary scene of some of Old England's most ancient traditions and customs, An example. is the pending abolition of the famous Stourbridge Fair at Cam- bridge. The fair dates back to the year 1211. In the Middle Ages it was one of the most famous fairs in. the world, bringing merchants and travellers from all over Europe. Milton mentions it in "Paradise Lost" "profits in 1539, to relieve his own ~ financial stringency -- Guelph = Mer eury... : '0ISON FOR PESSIMISTS rom a low point of 60.9 in Feb- xuary, 1933, the zeneral index of in- dustrial production rose to 86.8 in January of this year. From a low in January, 1938, of 91.8 total mineral production rose to 120.6 in Janyary 1984. Manufacturing, as a whole, has made steady progress from Feb- ruary, 1938, when it stood at 58.7, up to 80.7, in January, 1934. Con- struction showed a gain of 17.8 pts. this January over January, 1933. 'January, 1934, automobile produc- tion in the total of trucks and pas- senger cars was over double that of January, 1933. Both the railways have shown substantial gains in op- erating revenue. During the second half of 1933 there were 20 per cent less commercial failures than in the first half.-----Canadian Business. LEARN TO PLAY Last spring a 72-year-old federal judge in Seattle informed President Roosevelt that he wished to be put on the retirement list, but asked that he be given the privilege of continu- ing to preside over admiralty cases -- a field in which he has made a considerable reputation. He ex- plained why he wanted to keep on working. "I never have learned to play," he said. "If 1 should quit work now, my friends would have to hire somebody within 90 days to watch me." The period that begins with retirement should be one of the happiest and most fruitful in a man's whole life, It is tragic to find men who look upon it with dread -- be- cause they never learned how to play! -- Chatham News. MORE JOBS When circumstances eliminate a blacksmith shop it is replaced by a garage or a service station employ- ing more men; the tradition of the cross-roads carriage shop-is continued in the automobile factoyy, and so on! down the roll of industry. Among | them the engineer, the inventor, the! scientist, it appears abundantly proved, have made far more jobs than they have added enormously to the comforts and luxuries available to the masses of the people. --Otta- wa Journal, WAY FOR THE WALKER Walking is becoming almost obso- lete on this continent," with serious consequences to heath and loss of a delightful form of exercise. There are so few places where the practice may be indulged in with comfort and without risk. Paths along the high- ways are the solution -- and the cost would be negligible if undertaken in connection with diteh-filling opera- tions, THE EMPIRE TIT FOR TAT An amusing "Sunday observance" deadlock has occurred in the little Berkshire town of Iarringdon _ be- tween the butchers of Farringdon and the local council. For years the | butchers of the town have been inj the habit of killing animals on Sun- day, but the District Council are con- sidering taking action to stop the practice. They quote as their au- thority an Act of Charles I, which imposes a penalty of 6s 8d, but the butchers have threatened to retaliate through the medium of the same act, which imposes penalties on those who do not attend a place of worship. The butchers say that if they are prosecuted: they will keep a watch on members of the council, and will turn informer against those who do not attend church.--Banffshire Jour- nal. AN INDUSTRIAL BAROMETER Facts and figures show beyond dispute that Great Britain's progress over an areca which is constantly widening. Two of the surest indi- cators of trade are the output of steel and the production of coal. The output of British stéel last month reached the highest figures that it has attained since October 1929, be- fore the slump abroad became acute. The production of coal for the first quarter of the year, though not yet published in 'detail, is known to have been markedly in advance of that for 1933 or 1932. -- London Daily Mail. HOW RESEARCH PAYS To those who are still sceptical as to the practical value of scientific research in the development of in- dustry -- and the niggardly nature of the provision that is made for such work by most industries sug- gests that they are many -- we com- mend perusal of the Report of the Department of Scientific and Indus- trial Research. In it there is told the arresting tale of how the grant of £1,000,000 made by the British Government in 1917 for the encour- agement of industrial research, which is now exhausted, was not only well but most profitably spent......... It is admitted in the report that it is impossible as a rule to assess in terms of money the importance of the part played by research in indus- trial progress, but several striking concrete examples are quoted, As a result of experiments by the Elec- trical Regearch Association costing £80,000, annual savings amounting to £1,000,000 have * accrued, while the Iron and Steel Research Council's investigations are expected to result in saving about £390,000 worth of coke per annum in the production of It isn't bothering the young fellow in the centre one bit. ] i transfer the ugly-tempered vulture from his winter to suimer quarters at the Philadelphia zoo. prs No Chances The keepers are Just playing safe while they pig iron and a saving in coal of not less than £1,340,000 in the produc- tion of finished steel. --- The States man, Calcutta. FLOODS UPON DROUGHT Nature seems to lose no oppor- tunity for an ironical comment on our present distress. In the midst of widespread flooding we are in drought. At the moment when Parliament is conferring drastic em- ergency powers to deal with water shortage, Nature is uncomfortably profuse in her assurances of water in abundance, Yet the fear of shortage is real and justified, and the proposed emergency powers lose none of their point.--Glasgow Herald THE BRITISH MEAT MARKET The Bingley Reorganization Com- mission, whose report is published today, although nominally concerned with fat stock, has in fact included the whole of the meat supplies of England --- beef, mutton, pork, veal -- in its survey and has_drawn up a far-reaching scheme for their con- trol. The recommendations are that a Livestock Marketing Board shall be cstablished to prescribe the methods and conditions of all sales of meat... This country now pro- duces less than half its supplies of beef and mutton. Chilled meat comes from South America, and frozen meat from Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. Since Ottawa fairly successful restrictions have been imposed on the import of chilled meat, but-despite certain voluntary agreements the imports of frozen meat have - increased. The Com- mission advises that when the Ot- tawa arrangements come to an end in June the Dominions shall be asked to accept voluntary quotas. If not, compulsion may have to be applied -- a threat to which they are al- ready resigned. ' Princess Plays In Tennis Meet King Gustaf Sees Ingrid and Partner Defeat Op- ponents Stockholm, -- Princess Ingrid of Sweden took' part in an open tennis tournament: at Cannes recently for the first time. She was visiting her grandfather, King Gustaf. The prin- cess appeared under the name of Mile. San, an abbreviation of the Swedish 'Sessan," which is the prin- cess' pet name among her intimates in Stockholm. Her partner was a Count Sbapary, and their opponents were Miss Albert and Hornsby Wright. Princess Ingrid and the Count last the first set, but in the second their luck changed and they won the match King Gustaf who watched the game rewarded his grandchild with a kiss She appeared on the -ourt in skirts, whereas Miss Alber' v. re shorts, a garment that King Gustaf recefily frowned upon as unsuitable attire for tennis, ; Princess Ingrid's name again has been linked with that of Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark, but so for no official announcement of an en- gagement has been forthcoming. A Smile Two small boys = were travelling from town to school by train, They hoped to secure.an empty compart- ment wherein they might smoke. To their disgust a woman entered.- The boys immediately entered into tacit conspiracy to freeze her-out. One sald, audibly: "I think I'm sickening for smallpox or something." "Yes," sald the other, playing up gallantly, "and I'm perfectly sure I've got scarlet fever coming on." The woman .extracted a cigarette case from her hand-bag, and, looking Ch sald: "Have efther of u young lepers got a match?" "Let the current of your being set towards God, then your life will be filled" and calmed by one master.pas- sfon which unites and stills the soul," Alexander MaeT.aren, Empire Press Conference To Be Held In '35 Toronto.--Canada will Be-invited to send -eight delegates to the fifth Imperial press conference, it was an- nounced at the annual meeting of the Canadian section, Empire Press Un- ion, here. The conference will be held in South Africa from May 6 to June 21, 1936, Details of the trip were explained at the meeting, held under the chair- manship of J. H. Woods, editor of The Calgary. Herald. There will be a tour of South Africa and Rhodesia, the delegates to be the guests of the South African section. Preliminary arrangements. for selection of dele- gates were left in the hands of the executive, } The following officers were elect: ed: Honorary chairman, Rt. Hon. Lord Atholstan, Montreal Star; chair- man, J, H,~ Woods, Calgary Herald; honorary secretary-treasurer, W. A. Craick, Industrial Canada, Toronto; executive committee, representing daily newspapers, J. W, Dafoe, Win- nipeg Free Press; Henri 'Gagnon, Quebec Le Soliel; P. D. Ross, Ottawa Journal; representing weekly news- papers, E. Roy Sayles, Renfrew Mer- cury; representing trade and class publications, H. T. Hunter, Maclean Publishing Company, Limited, Toron- to; auditor, T. F, Drummie, Saint John Telegraph-Journal, Mr. W. Rupert Davies is a member of the London (Eng.) Council. Blind Woman To Get Ph.D. Sightless Since Birth; Thesis Entitled "Milton's Blindness" New York--Miss Eleanor Gertrude Brown, of Dayton, Ohio, blind "since childhood and burdened with illness and poverty in 'her early years, will receive the degree of Doctor of Phil- osophy "from Columbia University at the commencement next wonth, pro. bably the first woman to earn such a high scholastic honor while blind. She is 46, " Publication of the thesis for her doctorate, entitled "Milton's Blind- ness," has already been announced by the Columbia University Press. In it, from the point of view of "one who knows what blindness is," she oppos- es the conventions of generations of scholars that the blind poet lamented his affliction. "No one," she wrote, "would deny that blindness has it deprivations. That it has its compensations in rec- ognized by every sightless person. It is, I believe, the thought of these benefits that Milton would leave with the reader. gr . "It is not miserable to be blind. It is inconvenient. The blind need to exert undue patience with reference to their aflliction, «ince on account of their dependency their lives are closely knit with their helpers, The blind make the adjustment to their handicap perhaps as happily as any group of afflicted people." To clinch her argument, she quoted Booth Tarkington, who once was blind for six months and has had sev- eral operations on his eyes: "It is hard for any one who has not been blind to realize what a thrill it is not to have to see everything.", While Miss Brown worked for her doctorate, a printér at the New York Institute for-the Blind . copied her notes for her in Braille, - Training Girls as Wives Berlin,--~Importance of = training girls as wives was stressed by Nazi authorities last week, ° The Federal Employment Bureau appealed to housewives to take grad-) uates from publi¢ schools into their homes for one yer, training them in cooking, house-keeping and care of children. ' Most of the 600,000 giris being gra- | Brothers Meet After 47 Years Do Not Know Each Other Un- til Introduced -- Separated After Yukon Gold Rush NORTH SYDNEY, N.S.--A story of how two brothers had met in Nelson, B.C., without knowing each other un- til they were introduced i: told in a letter received here = from Duncan Johnstone, a former Cape Bretoner, who recently visited hig home, The brothers, Duncan and Danlel Johnstone, left Barrachois, C.B., and went west together. They helped clear the land where the Vancouver post office now stands, and then oper- ated a logging camp in British Colum- bia until the Yukon gold rush, when they separated, Duncan following the' trail of the sourdough prospector in- to the gold fields, and Daniel going to the interior. They did not meet again for 47-years. Since then Duncan has resided at Whitehorse, Alaska, and before com- ing to his old home in Cape Breton he went to Nelson, B.C., wherq. his brother lives, and they met, neither recognizing the other. After being "introduced' 'they swapped stories of their experiences. 3 Toronto A Railway Without A Station Declares Airman TORONTO--"In view of the fact that airplanes form the only real con- tact with our northern mining cen- tres, it is important that Toronto's airplane landing facilities should be improved," J. R. Caldwell, member of the Toronto Flying Club, ' told the Gyro Club here recently. Yer "Toronto," he said, "is like a rail- way without a station, What we need is an adequate fleld which will be accessible all the year round, in- stead of being unusable for two months during the winter, Also it a ground staff to look after it." Mr. Caldwell also asked if Canada was going: to drop out of avlation, He pointed out the rapid strides the U.S. had made and how this will ef- fect Canadian commerce. At present mail can be transported from Halifax to California, via New York, in 16 hours, whereas it takes four days for it to be transported across Canada by rail. To Be Evening Paper TORONTO--With the consent of J. H. Woods on behalf of the Calgary Herald, the board of directors of the Canadian Press- have authorized transfer of the Calgary Morning Al- bertan to the evening paper field. The Morning Albertan ceased publi- cation on the morning of May 15 and the evening paper was issued the following day. " Never Refused Call, Dr. Leaves $160,000 TAYLORVILLE, Ill.--Service pays. Dr. Campbell A, Stokes, 7% of Ed- inburg, who had the reputatfon of never refusing a call from the sick, left an estate valued at $160,000. : When Ke died a month ago the physician was at the bedside of a five-year-old boy, - whose arm had been broken, Pants on Men, Skirts For Women, Decree HADDONFIELD, N.J.-- Pants 1s pants and skirts ie skirts in Haddon township, where .the community fa. thers have passed an-ordinance to emphasize the distinction. A jail sent- should be surfaced and lighter, with |" In Defense 4 bai Of Sport Contributes to 'Good Citizen- ship Says Amherstburg Echo Few spectators at a game of any organized branch of amateur sport realize the time and effort that has been expended to bring clubs up to a' competitive standing, The majority "cf amateur organizations are composed of men who are en- thusiasts in a particular sport and are wiliing to do all they can to stimulate the interest of the gen- eral public. When there is not an opportunity to raise the money necessary to defray the expenses of the team they solicit help from the citizens of the town To some people this is an imposition Sports organizations are always crying for money," they say 'They get all the fun out of it and they ask us to pay the bills. Why can't those birds run their game without begging money? What do we get for all the money we give to them?" To the last question the answer is 'good citizens" We do not mean to imply that every man or boy who plays a game is a good who indulge in sport have a clean healthy body and mind. If they have prop€rly absorbed the "sporting in- stinct they are willing to play the game at all times, not only in sport but in the activitie- of life. Sport attracts children from 'he time they can shake a rattle of toss one of their mother's best .- china dishes on the .loor . Whether the child's attitude in sport is of e former harmloss amusement er the later destructive: -pastime depends on how it is brought up. If the sport- ing "instincts are cultivated by an crganized body they "will develop into an asset not only to the person concerned but to all with whom he comes in contact . If left to follow his own inclinations there might ve a tendency to indulge in the lower forms of amusement. - A sport orzanization is operated solely -on the enthusiasm of its mem- bers. They wish to see their favorite sport prosper and to sea followers added to it. They like to see boys developing into strong and healthy men. That's why they give their time and effort to promoting. it. Every citizen of a community should be interested in 'developing the mind' and body of the young man within its environs, It is a duty. And it is a service that everyone can help to perform by allying themselves with come organization or by assis- ting in a monetary way. The returns from money and efforts thus expended are great, glorious and self-satisfying. Wills Bulk of Fortune to F amily New York--Two of America's larg- est fortunes figured in the news re- cently. STORE . The will of the late dowager of tlia<Vanderbilts, Mrs. Cornelius Van. derbilt. sr. filed for probate, pasted on her share of the family fortune to other members of the family, The amounts willed to charities, social services, and family servants were relatively small. : The tax appraisal of the estate of the Wall Street banker, George F. Baker, showed it to be worth $77, 520,662. At the time of his death" in 1931, his estate was estimated at sev- eral hundred million. 2 Mrs. Vanderbilt's »will righted an 'old "injustice." - Her son, Brigadier- General Cornelius Vanderbilt married against his father's wishes and when the elder Vanderbilt died in 1899, he was cut oft with $1,000,000, the bulk of the $80,000,000 estate going to the second .son, Alfred Gwynne Vau- derbilt, Mrs. Vanderbilt willed Gen- eral Vanderbilt in trust the residuary of her estate. The value was not set but jt was estimated to be $10,000, 000. The Vanderbilt mansion valued at $6,000,000 went to her daughtef, the 'Countess Szechhenyi, who also re- ceived the famous Newport country home. "The Breakers." Mrs. 'Ger- trude Vanderbilt Whitney, widow of Harry Payne Whitney, received $7,- 000,000. All of the grandchildren were men- tioned for specific legacies except Cornelius Vanderbilt, jr, former mewtpaper reporter and publisher and lately author of books and articles "exposing" the rich. \ Seeks Arts Degree At 72 Years of Age Hamilton, Ont.--Henry Edwards, Dundas, never expects to make use of the additional .education that he ig acquiring at 72, but in a back room of the Board of Education = offices here he is writing his British and Canadian history examination in the hope of obtaining the B.A. degree, Mr. Edwards is studying under the eyes of the local examiner for: the citizen. But the majority of people|P University of Torofito and has: suc|. Pneumonia Cure Swedish Scientist Believes Preventive Substance From Fruits Effective Van Euler, who won the Nobel prize for chemistry in 1929, has discover- ed a substance capable of protecting man against pneumonia, the Svenska Dagblaset reported last week. Professor Euler found the sub- stance in juice of lemons, currants, and certain other fruits, : The substance remains efficacious after destruction of the vitamin C through oxydation, Euler now is trying to isolate it. Montreal -- McGill medical re- search workers described Professor Van Euler's "discovery" as "a bolt from the blue." "Ordinarily," they pointed out, "progress of a special piecé of research work is reported from time to time in scientific jour- nals, There has been no notice that. Professor Van Euler, who is well known here for other scientific work, has been working in the direction of prevention of pneumonia in a man- atch. "It is difficult to understand low a substance derived from lemons currants -and other fruits could have a direct action in preventing pfieu- 'monia. There is, it is true a theory that disease is'due to some deficiency inthe body. th medical profession at large, then Professor Van Euler's "discovery" could be explained. Actually, how- ever, we see that a seemingly healthy individual may contract dipheria when he comes in [contact with the diptheria germ. : ; "The pneumococcus, the pneumo- nia germ, is recognized as causing pneumonia. Unless the substance dis- covered by Professor-Van Euler can destroy pneumococci it is difficult to conceive of his discovery as being an absolute preventive of pneumonia. up body resistance to disease, and thus to pheumonia. "It must not be forgotten that gerums have been developed--which when used, counteract the ravages of the disease by neutralizing the poisons given off by the pneumococci, These serums have been used with much success." Upholders of. old-time remedies, however, scored another success. They pointed out that grandma had been using black currant drinks as a preventive for colds, and incidentally pneumonia, long before medical -e- search workers saw a test-tube, Score another point for grandma! Fall Wheat Crop . Is Badly Damaged Reports Say About 90 Per Cent. in Ontario Is Killed -. - Toronto, -- In practically all sec- tions of Ontario fall wheat has been damaged extensively by a severe winter, floods ,and frosts, -and in some - cases 90 precent, of the crops have been killed, the Provincial De- partment of Agriculture reported last week. : " Southern Ontario was the only section where winter crops weath: ered the frigid winter. The six coun: ties in the western division Where acreage would have to be patched or torn up reported that spring condi- to build we fall wheat situation was anything but promising. : In Durham County it was esti- mated 90° precent. of the crops had been killed and in Peterborough and Prince Edward Counties, in centrah Ontario, similar conditions-were pre- valent. Clover : ern Ontario were reported to have was seen in the fall wheat fields Strawberries nd other berry crops in good shape generally. General feeling in northern On- tario was that conditions were im- proved and farmers appeared more hopeful for the future. There was still a considerable quantity of snow in this "district and it was not. ex pected seeding would commence for a fortnight. , R.C.M.P. Head Named Montreal-- Promotion of Staff Ser: geant Fred W. Zaneth; of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police at Montreal to the newly created rank of Detect~ ive Inspector in charge: of criminal investigation, was received recentiy at Montreal headquarters from the force's command at Ottawa. Plan Health Festival Mt. Clemens, Mich.,--Plans for a cessfully written on a number of the degree subjects. It will take at least ence of 90 days or a $60 fine is pro: vided for thd male who wears a skirt duated this Spring would be eligible for s.ch training. : or the female who dons trousers. another year for him to complete the course. 'Like Plato, I find pleasure | in thought," he says. health festival here May 24 and; 26 "are being made here, which call for a "parade and a pageant the crowning of a health' queen and the burning of | "the demon of JM-Wralth" « » Stockholm Sweden -- Professor - ner indicated by the Stockholm dis- "If this theory were acceptable to At best, we can assume that if helps' tions were backward and that, the aud alfalfa fields in east- wintered wel,, but little improvement' looked promising while poultry was -