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C4 "any particular agricultural product." LY ; ; 3 1% ¥ * x v A > - : Teo Ei ~ countants. Mr, McCallum: is frankly ; by Ghandi is the sirloin, Crop Restriction Is Futile Policy "Writer. Cites Three Notable Failures Proving Statement 3 An analysis of agricultural mar- keting schemes, with particular re- ference to Canada's Natural Products Marketing Act, by John E. McCal- lam, MBA, 'appears in the May issue of The Cunadian Chartered Ac- critical of the ultimate value of such schethes. He says: "Whenever agri- culture suffers economic reverses at- tention concentrates on the price situation, and if the government de- cides to take any steps to meet the situation these efforts are usually given the title of marketing legis- lation, A clearer view of the real facts would be disclosed if the term price raising were substituted in much legislation for the term mar- keting. It is our belief that improve- ment in marketing, in the timing of production and in, the methods of distribution - is what agriculture needs, The latest legislation, and in fact 'most of the politically signifi- cant "legislation affecting Canadian agriculture, is open to this general _criticism, that it constitutes a price raising scheme and that it fails to deal with the real problem, which is a marketing problem." Some of the regulations adopted ~ in connection with the grain trade, he notes, make this an exception to the general criticism, < As a background to the present economic situation of agriculture, it must be remembered that in many | foreign - countries the trend is now towards a policy of sustaining and developing domestic agriculture. Consequently, a country such as Canada must adjust her economy to the production: of some "compara- tive advantage" products to take the place of that part of her "ab- solute advantage" products' which foreign barriers have made unsale- able at any price in the world" mar- ket. + Restriction of production does not seem to offer a feasible means of improving the price structure. The author cites the Stevenson Plan for rubber, "the Valorization Scheme for Brazilian coffee and som of the United States "new deal" legislation as notable examples of . failure in this respect. "The inference," he says, "is inescapable that price rais- ing and compulsory restriction of production offer no long-term solu- tion to a condition of low prices for On the other hand, he commends the New Zealand butter scheme. "The activities of the Board," he says, "include quality inspection and "advertising in foreign markets. Care is taken to avoid price fixing. A real job has been done in expanding demand abroad. There is a notice- able consum:r preference in- Great Britain for this quality juaranteed product. - The success of this New Zealand scheme recommends qual- 'ity grading and demand stimulation as worthy featires of any scheme aiming at improvement of agri- culture in Canada." The article discusses in some de- tail both the background and the provisions of the Canadian act and summarizes the favorable and un- favorable features. The conclusion is that "Agriculture requires a long- term policy instead of a depression policy. There are joint costs asso- ciated with production and with dis- _tribution. A thorough research into costs and spreads should bring down costs and expand demand. Higher volumes even at slightly lower prices will yield increased = incomes all around. Marketing schemes can gerve successfully only the special- ized producer; all -imposed regula- tion on agriculture should encour- age the efficient producer and dis- courage the inefficient operator." Schoolboy Boners "World's Best. Jokes' by Lewis Copelgnd Bigotry is having two wives at a time, : The chief cause of divorce is mar- rlage, The principal parts of the eye are the mote and the beam, ~The hardships of the Puritans were what they came over in, 'The American government finally decided to put all the Indians in res- ervoirs. ' From the and up. Peace, Poise Thin People Have Nerves Fat Ones Have Laughter Gazing. backward down. a dusty Hef en Welshimer. corridor to an old brick school. that I used to know, I meot the angular ghosts of a few members of the teach- ing profession who had writes exception they were too thin. "nerves," Without Goodness knows, maybe teaching 40 to endure or 50 squirming little boys and girls in a room built to accommodate 30, may have been the cause of the loss of weight and poise. ) people, those teachers, but the ex- posed nerve ends were too sensitive the torment of squeaking against damp blackboards, giggles, whispers, rubber-band shoot- ing and other 10-year-old nonsense. They were nice chalk There, were some other teachers, isn't the point. ~~ Famous Case The refusal of New York authori- new teachers. too, in that building, plump and com- fortable, who took the small disorders of the day with brightness were a few slim teachers, who re- tained the ability to laugh without stretching their facial muscles. That Most of the so-called "cross" teachers were thin teachers. After all, the assertion that fat men and women are good-tempered must have a basis somewhere. Thee ties to license Rose Ireistater, the 180-pound applicant for a teaching position, focused attention on the care with which examining boards select They eliminate only those who are overweight, but those who are underweight. But once a teacher gets her. license, she can get too fat or too thin without any- thing being done about it. Only her pupils are conscious of the effect the 'change of weight makes in her class- room attitude. } not There persists one pertinent me- self a beau. Happy Medium When mory of a teacher who was so thin that she gave geography and gram- mar an ethereal air. years later she: put on weight, she bought gayer dresses and found her- The boys and girls in her classes found school less irksome. We, of the earlier genération, had waited until the last bell rang before we slipped into our seats. This is the stream-line age in which slimness fosters efficiency, and lamb chops and lettuce have the nicest china at the banquet. fundamental issue, and if too much flesh is a detriment, certainly those cumbered with excess poundage are not physically capable of presiding over a classroom. - a few Health is a It is true that Ziegfeld never glori- never did fied the girls who let the 'hands of the scales go round and 'round. much for the ones stopped them too soon, either. and more medical science is coming to understand that the regulation of weight has much to do with péace, poise, gaiety and laughter, 'healthier to be too thin than too fat, Besides your disposition is apt to pucker at the edges. . : He who More It is no Certainly one's weight is not so Odd, and history, nearly important in the teaching in-. dustry as one's capacity for explain- ing arithmetic exercising sympathy and tolerance understanding. how much easier it is to use the vir- tues 'we possess when our health -is right. for though, There are school pliysicians who see that Mary and Tommy aud Peter are kept well--that their tonsils are removed .if need be, and sufficient milk prescribed to keep their weight 'A little closer examination of the teachers would aldo help. specific and Gaiety Depend on Scales; Better . To Be Neither Under Nor Over-weight Skaters "Boys and girls, come out to play; The moon doth shine as bright as day!" A girl's soprano and.a boy's Accompanied by the pleasant noise' 'The_whirring slur of roller skates In perfect time and perfect rhythm. The two sweel voices travelling with them . Coming nearer, swelling, rising, Growing fainter -- fainter -- dying, Youth commands the moonlit street, Skating in a passage fleet,' Through broad bands of light and of shade - Thrown upon the asphalt white. Gliding through the tender night, Youth advances, youth recedes, Lost among the shadowed trees, "Boys and girls come out to play; The moon doth shine as bright as day!" Anne Zuker, in the NY. Times. Says It Isnt True We Eat Too Much Julius Caesar seems. to have had the right idea, but he did not think of it in time. He said he wanted men about him that were fat, "such as sleep o' nights." He distrusted Cassius, with his "lean and hungry look;" and he knew 'such men are dangerous." But he did not do any- thing about it but talk to Mark An- tony, and it resulted in the notori- ous affair ¢n the Capitol steps, by all odds the most notable gang mur- der in history. itd It is pleasant to oYserve, after a long, long while of the lean and hun- gry philosophy, that the western civ- iljization is rather turning to the idea that a judicious use of food is not necessarily a business of "miserably counting every calory apart and re- garding good old - fachioned bread and butter and potatoes baked in their jackets as if they were so many doses of lethal poison. No less a person than Dr. J. S. M:Lester, pre- sident «f the American Medical As- sociation, has lately come out with the declaration that the cult of breakfast on a cup of coffee and a slice of thin dry toast is very often a foolish and dangerous proceeding. Dr. McLester is all for the reason- able use of food. He is against the unreasonable abstinence as he is against the unreasonable indulgence. He says it is not true of most of us, | as we have been told in behalf of 10,000 slimming regimes, that we eat too much. Many of us, he thinks, and especially wnen we are young people wouid do better to eat more han it has been fashionable. to lately. The doctor - feminds us of what we might know well enough if only we merely stopped to think, that there is no royal road to reduce ing. It seems that the trouble about dieting has not really been dieting at all. You do not diet when you starve, you only starve--and starva- tion, by any other name is equally a bad thing. No doubt the proper use of food is a proper and important study of mankind, and no doubt mod- eration is almost the only golden and uiversal prescription, 4 Woman is tho animal which posses- LT es the greatest attachment for man, In order to keep milk from turn- ing sour it should be kept in the cow, The single tax is a tax on bachelors. The 'Moratorium is the largest oc- ean liner, The only article of clothing worn 'An omelet in a charm worn around the neck in India, g Fiction are books which are fixed on the shelves and cannot be remov- ed, ' Chicago is almost at the bottom of Lake Michigan, (olcondas are boats on the canals VERNON G., CARDY, President = The ~ General Brock Niagara Falls Dine In the Rainbow. Room on the roof, and obtain the finest view available of both the Canadian and American Falls, and the illumination. Don't forget the General Brook. - Hotel Open Golf Tournament on June 11th, 12th and 13th at the T.ookont Point Golf Olub, Fonthill, ont. k RB. B. DAVILLE, Rosldent Manager of Venus. ; \ MAKE LAURA WHE : PUPPIZS KIT PUPPY TOWELS 'R'S CROSS STITCH MASCOTS SUND4y PATTERN 1188 Seven frisky puppies, full of the Old Mischief, ave Laura Wheel- er's suggestion for brightening up your winter-weary kitchen, they will, And | 'too, for, embroidered on a set of tea-towels with your gayest bits of cotton floss, they'll keep you amused and cheered while you work. The actual embroidery stitches are few,, and easy to do-- Just simple cross stitch with a bit of running and outline stitch. - Pattern 1188 comes to you with a transfer pattern of seven motifs (one for each day of the week) averaging about 4% x 7% inches; material requirements; illustrations of all stitches needed. Send 20 cents in stamps or coin (coin preferred) for this pattern _to Needlecraft Dept., Wilson Publishing Co., Toronto. Write plainly PATTERN NUMBER, DRESS. 73 West Adelaide St., your NAMI: and AD- Children Think Members Do Not Look Very Clever Visitors in House Gallery Also Couldn't Hear What Was Going on Below OTTAWA; = Forty little girls, aged 10 ang 11, seated sedately in rows in the visitors' gallery, absorbed what they could tear of the speeches in the House of Commons as part of their education, Afterwards, in a bay win- dowed recess of a parliamentary cor- ridor, they were questioned by their 'teacher, Miss Margaret McLean. The girls have been studying "ci- vies" all year and after this trip to give them a general idea. of how the laws are made by men whose pictures they had seen in the papers, they were keen to show their knowledge. |. Did they know who was the Prime Minister? A dozen hands went up, "Mr King" The gentlemen cluster- ed around Mr. King were the Liber- als, Who were those closest .to, Mr. King? A hand or two went up. They were the Cabinet ministers. What were the gentlemen doing? One solitary hand went up. "They are making rules for Ottawa." No,' that was not quite right, said Miss Me- lean, they were not making rules for Ottawa, but Canada, nine provinces and one territory. And what did they do this afternoon? There was a gen- eral silence, then an outburst: "We couldn't hear." Finally an onlooker asked a ques- tion: Did the children think the mem- bers looked very clever? The answer, the most unanimous came with one voice. "No," said=the 40 little future voters, English Divines Are Divided 0 n War (London Letter by David Datrah: In Chicago Tribune) : That English churches ave seriously split in their attitude toward war and toward the government's recruiting campaign is disclosed in outspoken utterances of British religious lead- ers, A number of 'ministers are already facing the prospect of going to prison in event ot war, Another group is asking -- Should pacifists pay income tax -- especially the new additions expressly for arm- amentg? The cleavage it appears, is usually hetween clergymen over 40 years ol age and those below, : A largé proportion of the young men are pacifists who would not even succor wounded soldiers on the ground that to do so is to take part in war. Among the older clergy ave a ma- Jority who are strong supporters of the League of Nations, who uphold sanctions, and who would approve of the use of armed forces in case ol need, Conflict exists over what pacifism is, since these for the most part call themselves pacifists also, It is difficult to arrive at estimates of the strength of the various groups within the free churches, but after discussions with well-informed per- sons it would sem that about a tenth to a fifth are extreme pacifists, A fifth take an approximately Tory view that the British IXmpire must be preserved and fought for if the need arises, The remainder support the League of Nations and collective security, a great many of them favoring an In- ternational force to do police work; Of the Church of England, it [3 still Increasein Heart Disease Of Youth Due to Fast Life KANSAS CITY, Mo.---~Boys and girls who stay up late of night, drinking and smoking and carrying on, are likely to come down with heart disease. Dr. Howard B. Sprague, of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, made that statement before the American Heart Association. "Coronary heart disease," he said, "43 increasing among the yputh of to- day as a result of the faster tempo of the life they are leading." The apparent increase in other forms of heart disease, he said, "is really due to the longer life periods of human beings. as a result of modern advances in medicine." i He warned against taking exercise "in leaps and bounds." "It is foolish," he added, "to play 36 holes of golf one day and then wait three months before going to the course again. "If unused to éxercise, the indi- vidual should not take on a program too heavy for his abilities." Issue No. 2] -- 36 40 There is, however, "no such thing 'as athlete's heart." ~ "What is generally referred to as athlete's heart," he said, "is really a nervous disorder which causes the heart to beat more. quickly." BE YOUR OWN BOSS MEN WOMEN Establish yourself in business or make money in your spare time. Un- Hmited possibilities, remarkable re- turns for very little effort. Im- mediate reply necessary. Dept. C., 1008, 465 Bay St, Toronto The = Graphochart Shows how t6 read character from handwriting, at a glance. 10c PREPAID Graphologist Room 421 73 Adelaide St., W. Toronto 'a Holstein cow, the pure bred racing SPARKLING Monkeys Revealed by Tests As Rugged Individualists more difficult to speak with accuracy. Only about 10 Anglican clergymen have joined the pacifist group pledg ed to take no part in war and to aake it impossible, Rough' corresponding figures of the frea churches ave: Methodist clergy, 691 out of 3,000, Congregational, about 350 out of 2,000, Baptists, possibly 200 out of 2,000, In addition, Unitarian mmisters who have venounced war number about 100, Presbyterians 70, and the Church of Scotland about 200. «It is clear that the proportion the whole is comparatively small, The attitude of Anglican clergy is |, complicated by the church's close as sociation with the State and by per sonal family ties with near relatives serving in the armed forces. ' ol The British recrigting campaign is proving to be very unsatisfactory fren the government's standpoint, The War Office had hoped to enlist 30,000 men during the year. Twenty four weeks have passed and 'only about 9,600 men have been enlisted, The government's three minutes re- cruiting film, in which War Minister Duff-Cooper appealed for men, coupl- ed with scenes if army life, was not an unqualified success, A well-dintorm- ed person in the film industry said in cakes side by side. cages was a long lever mounted on a platform corresponding in length to the combined length of the cages. arranged that the morf¥ey in Cage A could pull a chain and move the lever so it could carry a cup of food to the monkey On the opposite side of the cages, another lever could be man- ipulated by the monkey in Cage B to feed the monkey in Cage A. in Cage B. pulling. shielded excitement EVANSTON, Ill.--Socialistic prac- tices, a psychologist reports, ate 'un- known in monkeyland. lugged individualism is the stan- dard there, Prof. D..L. Wolfel of the University Midwestern tion. of Mississippi, Psychological told Asstocia- the Monkeys have no sense of co-opera- tion, the professor said he determined in a series of experiments. Wolfel said he placed two monlieys. The apparatus was so In front of the All the monkeys-- four pairs wero used in 24 tests daily for more than a month---pulled the lever when there was food in the cup. as regularly when the cup was empty. They pulled just Then a screen was placed between from to its partner, which monkey the film was unfortunate ~~ did not paid-no attention. have a good effect." ; Next one Monkey was Dr. Donald Soper, minister at Is] fron his cage. 1lis partner lington Central Hall. London, and a joint secretary of the Methodist el. lowship of Peace, makes no hones about his opposition to recruiting. He speaks against it on Tower il "If the situation becomes really cri tical I should have to take upon my sell the task of inciting to disaffec tion," he said. "I should advise sol diers to throw down their arms." ITe forsees that his action might land him in jail. Cow Raising Motherless Colt Adopted at birth, last Febinarf by colt owned by Mrs. RR. II. Webster, of Maitland, fs progressing splendidly. They make their daily visits to the pasture together, The colt was left motherless at" birth but quickly ac: quired the desired relationship which has continued unbroken. rf: among animals, Live tue T the cup and the monkey who did the The monkey in the other cage, able to see the food which was evidences No. 1 removed pulled food into the empty cage as readily as when it was cccupied. Wolfel said his results: proved the lacy of legends of co-operation Quebec Again Refuses Grant Women Votes QUiEneEc, vear, the women's recently he bill, I'or the 1th consecn- suffrage was defeated in the Quebe¢ Legisla- by a vote of 43 to 24. came before the House for i second reading and after a debate in which several members of the Op- position voiced reasons for opposing the bill, the vote was called. All the Liberal members in the louse voted against the motion proposing second reading, while 24 members of the Op- position voted in favour. Other Oppo- sition members did not vote, COOL MILD TOBACCO 73 Adelaide St., Let us show you the appearance of YOUR sales books. Phone This Newspaper or write The Wilson Publishing Co., Limited Ww. Toronto how we can improve ' mh ~. od SS 0? A I A RA I ph An CI - a al LAY oF AY; Kile Whey rR PA i ' . 4 LN AR) -- a Hep ari i ot SF For ' oe SL v4 en lage A 2 re Pel od nr A a mT