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a RI A Sia Sori VIE, ir <2; 3 FAT) 5 & i Bt ret or CEE AER Ef LR PA anu er By TEE oe SALA PORT PERRY, ONTARIO, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2nd; 1987 ONTARIO A Statement by the Ontario Department of Health on OMYELITIS "INFANTILE PARALYSIS") In view of the prevalence of "infantile paralysis" in Ontario at the present time, and in recognition of the deep concern felt by parents over the protection of their children, the Provincial Department of Health is issuing the following state- - ment concerning the nature of the disease and the question of what can be done to reduce the danger of infection. Nature of the Disease Like measles and scarlet fever, "infantile araly Ss" is a communicable or "catching" disease. Like them also, it is mainly a disease of childhood. Yet the term "infantile" is apt to-be aysleadiog, While it is true that the majority of cases occur among children under ten years of age, the disease does occur, especially inrural districts, among older children and adults. term "paralysis" is likewise misleading since it con- veys the impression that some loss of muscular function is characteristic of every case of the disease, This is not true. Ivisinow known that only a small proportion of those who contract the disease actually develop paralysis. Since. the disease is not limited to infants and _since paralysis does not occur in all cases, the name "infantile pasaly. "" is now regarded asa misnomer. The correct name r the disease is ped el-itis", which simply means acutc tion ("itis") of the grey matter ("polio") of special etions of the spinal cord which control movement of the mustles, This inflammation is believed to be due to a special sort of infection which probably gains entrance to the ner vous system through the upper part of the nose and throat. _ .. Cause of the Disease Poliomyelitis has been | definitely recognized as a com. municable disease since 1909 when investigators succeeded in securing from humans, ill with the disease, a minute living substance called a "virus" which was found to be capable of producing poliomyelitis in monkeys, Much remains to be discovered about the nature of this virus but a good. deal has already been learned. In size, it has been found to be less than one millionth of an inch in diameter. The virus is present in the nervous tissue of humans who have died from the disease. It is also found in the nose and- throat, not only of persons ill with the disease but also of persons whaHave been in contact with the disease How the 'Disease Spreads _The exact manner in which the disease is transmitted fron 'one person to another is not known. However, the disease does not arise spontaneously. The source of infection is a human being who is carrying the virus. Such a person need not necessarily be suffering from the disease. Yet the mere presence of the virus in the nose and throat affords ample opportunity for spread of infections In such cases minute cles ate given off by coughing, sneezing and talking. lingers are constantly being carried to and from the mouth and nese and in this way articles, such as impro ly washed eating and drinking utensils, common towe s, children': toys, etc., may become contaminated. Any set of circumstances which permits the fre tent and rapid transfer of nose and throat secretions rom one person to another increases the possibility of infection, . - There is no. evidence that flies or other insects play an _important part in the spread-of poliomyelitis. . Chlorination. of municipal water supplies as now prac- tised, and the proper pasteurization of milk have eliminated water and milk as possible sources of infection, Signs and Symptoms of the Disease The jearly symptoms of poliomyelitis are neither :constan nor regular. in: their appearance, but certain of them are sufficiently suggestive to warrant the summoning of the family physician, The onset is usually sudden, with rapidly rising TEMPERATURE, fluctuating between 101-103 degrees. HEADACHE is another common symptem., The young child is BPLAD Apgar irritable and cries easily when dis- turbed. The patient is usually willing to stay in bed, appears drowsy and takes little interest in his surroundings. - they. be quarantined until the danger of fur VOMITING is fairly characteristic. Constipation is often present, whereas diarrhoea is unusual. Food is refused. Often the characteristic symptoms of COLD or SORE THROAT are present. SORENESS IN THE- MUSCLES of the back and STIFFNESS and pain in the joints of the arms and legs may occur, In many cases of poliomyelitis the condition does not go beyond this stage, and terminates after four to ten days' illness. However, in other cases, .the disease proceeds Into a second stage, in which the elevation of temperature and rapid pulse are Scop n ed by marked irritability and drowsiness. The patient becomes mentally disturbed and takes on an anxious, frightened expression. Sleep may be disturbed by twitching and the hands may shake and tremble. The following specific signs are of particular importance: STIFFNESS OF THE SPINE. The head may 122 bent on the neck but efforts to bend the neck on the shoulders cause ain and are resisted. The child is unable, while sitting up in bed, to bend his head down to touch the knees. If he bends at all, it is at the hips with the back held rigid. PECULIAR SITTING POSTURE. When he sits up he props himself behind with extended arms supporting a tender or painful spine. } Preventive Measures The precautionary measure of first importance is to pro- tect the child from contact with infection. Since other auman beings are the primary source of infection, then children, who are evidently much more susceptible than adults, should be protected as far as is reasonably possible from contact with people. "Keep your child in your own yard" is a wise pre- 'aution. In crowded stores, street cars, motion picture 'heatres, bathing pools, picnics,--in fact, in any set- ting where there is a large number of 'people, the :hances of expdsure to possible infection are tremend- »usly increased. Of equal importance for the protection of children is the prompt calling of a physician if the child shows the indications of illness described above. Convalescent Serum Medical opinion is divided concerning the effectiveness of the so-called "Convalescent Serum" in oliomyelitis. In the absence of conclusive evidence, the epartment is con- tinuing to supply this serum to physicians on request. Owing to the limited supply available, its use must of necessity be limited to cases suffering. an attack of the . disease. Nasal Spray Based on the assumption that the virus enters the body through the upper part of the nose, attempts are being made to prevent its entrance by spraying the nasal passages with certain chemicals. Since this method is still entirely in the experimental stage, it is not one which can be recommended for general use. Precautions in the Care of Those Ill When a diagnosis of poliomyelitis has been made, the -atient must be isolated for a period of at least three weeks. since other members of the family are likely to be carriers of the virus, the protection of the Soman) requires that ther spread has been eliminated. Care should be taken to see that articles which: may have become contaminated by the patient are disinfected or burned. Special precautions should be taken in regard to the disposal of nasal and alimentary discharges. Those who are handling the patient should exercise special care regarding their hands and person: before coming in contact with other people, Wi MINISTER OF HEALTH reas TT rN. Laz 'esti? « One would think that he was in Not Wanted -- Too earnest if he would look at the em- +. Old at Forty Joseph Denny. ployment notices of many of our large factories today. "Men over forty need not apply" © - Is'it:becanse employers of labour in It was not; many; yeara since that| large: corporations are heartless? It Dr. Osler made the staggering state- | has often been said that "Corporations ~ ==" ment-that:: "All men over the age of | have nie souls" It must be for the forty should be chlorofermed' Was | same reason that mdtorists who are he speaking in jest or was ho in earn: [very slow oh: the road are often aed, ic - RSE I Or 1 | SRE, ¥ because of their lack of speed ana cause just as much trouble as the too speedy - driver, In' these days of ' fierce competition employers are com: pelled to have mass production and to j employ the youngest help possible who are at all able to stand the stress and strain dy, after day and when they are prematurely old they are let out to make way for younger and more competent men. It must not be for: gotten that large employers have to compete not only nationally but inter- nationally. In Japan because of sweated labour and low costs the Japanese are able to put manufactured goods on the market at less than half the price it costs us to produce them and even: then: they: make enormous profits, Then if nations seek to avoid this umfair competition by high tariff and retaliation among the nations. If our men strike for higher wages it has a tendency to drive business away into the hands of the nations who can produce cheaper and just as good. Then capital is a liquid commodity al- ways seeking for the best investments and if one type of security does not suit it turns away to find a better paying proposition. Then what about our manufacturers LN walls it only causes strife and ill-will to build up a goed business? Beating the! Game At first sight this seems .to be a gloomy outlook for young people to- day for what can relieve them of an old age of penury? But there is a 'remedy. There is a wonderful invest- ment you can make, it is not a wild- cat either. No stock, no bands, not even a mine. (According to Mark Twain a mine is a hole in the ground with a liar sitting on top.) But it is a wonderful investment for all that. You may start with the smallest be- ginnings and it will repay you a thousand times over for your trouble and wherever you go you will carry a meal-ticket with you. You will need no strong box to take care of the script. You need have no fear that thieves will break in and steal it from you. It is none other than in- vestment in yourself. It is an invest- ment in which you cannot fail to make good. You may have as many other securities as you wish but be sure you get this one. Now that the long win- ter evenings are coming on and one has ample time for study now is the time to make a start, Of course you will find the wise-acres who will say it is impossible to succeed, you might have done it twenty years ago but you won't do it to-day. If you.read ancient history it tells how a man was going to build an ark to protect himself and family from a great flood and he actually built this big boat on the top of a mountain. The neighbours laughed so much that their sides actually uched but the flood did come and they had to swim for it but it did 'them no good but Noah was saved because of his Ark. It will require lots of grit to start in, and Ulysses the Greek who fought against stick to it. You will need to be like Troy. In his voyage he had to pass the Island of Sirens who sang so sweetly that when men heard them they could think of nothing else but to get nearer to the sweet music and thousands were lured to destruction on the rocks, Ulysses realized this and refused to be enticed by the musicians so he- told his mariners to stop their ears with soft wax while they lashed him to the mast to resist the temptation and finally he won. Young people of today need to stop their ears to the enchanting music of friends if they would win, for tempta- tions are so attractive, and there is no royal road to learning. Then one of these days victory will come. At forty when others are too old you will be just beginning to feel the latent powers stirring within you. Then the trite phrase of Emerson's will come to you with its sweetest music: "If a man write a better book, preach a better sermon or even make a better mousetrap than his neighbor, even though he makes his home in the wilderness the world will make a beaten track to his door." At forty you will just be getting in- to your stride. At sixty you will be in universal demand for with the de- cay of the physical the mental powers will grow stronger and in a few short years you will lay your armour down not unwept, unhonoured and unsung, for riches and honour will be your portion and you will be a credit to the community in which you have made your home. COUNTY JAIL STATISTICS The average cost per day for each prisoner who served a term in the county jail at Whitby for the year end- ing March 31st, 1936, was $1.06, ac- cording to the annual report upon Prisons and Reformatories. Total cost of maintenance for the year was $6,026.33, divided as follows: fuel, food and clothing, $2,746.98; of- ficials' salaries, $2,865.85; repairs $413.60. Average cost per day. of food, fuel and clothing was $48.33, and | the daily per capita dietary cost $13.16. Total number of prisoners commit- ted during the year was 311 or 304 men and seven women. Two were un- der 16 years of age. Five were sen- tenced to the penitentiary, three to in- dustrial schools and 18 other places of confinement. The number serving terms under 80 days was 114. Ten served 60 days or two months, There are 23 cells, the greatest number of prisoners in the year was 30, and the least seven. Number of days' stay, government prisoners, 2990. Number discharged on suspended sentences was 26. One prisoner was deported direct from the Jail. Number discharged by order of Judge or court without trial was 10. --Whitby Gazette. AUCTION SALE On Saturday, September 18th, the farm stock and implements of Paul Mosicenko, will be offered for sale by public auction at lot 18, con. 2, Reach Township, 3 miles south of Port Perry TED JACKSON, Auctioneer. who have spent a lifetime in striving ng Sr oo