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Counties Own Weed Sprayers Twenty Ontarlo Counties Use These Machines--Find Chem- lcals'Best and Cheapest Meth- od of Eradicating Roadside Weeds eT bp TE Twenty countles in Ontario and a large number of townships have purchased or rented power spray- ers- for the eradication of weeds by ohemicals, because they have found that weeds can be killed by this means at less cost than mow- ing, says John D. MacLeod, Crops, Beeds and Weeds Branch, Ont. Dept. of Agriculture, Toronto. A number of county engineers and township road officlals have re- ported that costs have become less each year and that in a short time touching up of scattered plants will be all that is required to keep roadsides clean of weeds. KEEP DOWN WEED BILLS Mr. MacLeod states that several counties have purchased exception. ally Jarge spraying outfits and are prepared to spray weeds for ad- Joining municipalities, onco their own weed work Is completed. He suggests _ that municipal author- ities who_have not spraying out- fits in thelr own districts visit those who have and plan to spray at least a portion of thelr road mileage thls year. Property owners interested In keeping down their weed bills as well as municipal authorities should write the Crops, Seeds and Weeds Branch, Parliament Build- ings, Toronto for the free pamph- Jot on "Weed Eradication by Chem- fcals." Bomber's Business End Here's how the aimer on the business end of an American- built bomber in England Jooks as ~he_spets target.. Watering Lawn: ~ HelpfulHints . A Weekly Sprinkling Is Us- ually Sufficient In Dry Weath- er--Job Should Be Done Thoroughly Artificial watering can have a beneficial or detrimental effect on lawns depending on whether it Is properly or improperly applied. In the case of established lawns, wat- "ering is not essential -to-keep the turf alive, except on very light, sandy soils, but it can be used to great advantage during the warm. dry months, gays J. H. Boyce, Di- vision of Forage Plants, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Only sufficient water should be applied to maintain the grass in a slowly growing, healthy, vigorous condi- tion, but it should be done thor- oughly so that the soil is moisten- ed to a depth of 4 or 5 inches. Bprnklers are preferable to hand watering, as the latter method is usually neither thorough nor unl- form. A weekly sprinkling is us- usally sufficient during dry weath- er, except on the lighter soils. Fre- quent light sprinklings are not recommended since they tend to restriét the grass roots to the sur- face of the soil, thus reducing their feeding range for nutrients and moisture and making the turf more susceptible to drought and heat. Light sprinklings also encourago the growth of shallow rooted weeds, OVERWATERING IS DETRI- MENTAL Overwatering can also have a detrimental effect on grass by pro- moting a rapid succulent growth which is susceptible to disease and other adverse conditions. Over; watering to the extent that the eoll becames saturated for long periods causes smothering of the graes roots because proper aera- tion is not possible. 'Watering fs a problem on tor races and slopes, since these dry out rapidly, particularly on south. ern exposures, and because the ani- ount of run-off Is great. Water should be applied very slowly and pormitted to soak In deeply on such areas, ~ First Aid "Aid Mislaid In Mexico, "Mo, pi passing motor sts pulled an injured man from & wrecked car, carefully laid him in a bed of poison ivy. Saving Ontario's Resources 2 Aaa aan ee aan A aa) "THE EARTH CHARGES, Last week 1 told of the differ- ent types of rocks that make up Repeating this, first, plutonified or heat formed rocks, for the most part the oldest; then stratified rocks that have been changed by the heat and pres- sure, the marbles, quartzites, and others; last, the unchanged strat- ified rocks, the sandstones, stones and so forth. This classi- cation is very simplified for wé find in Nature hundreds of vari- eties and types of rocks, Throughout the ages the earth its outward form have lifted their pinnacles high into the skies and have been worn away to their roots, The seas have the lands and the lands have filled the seas. could look back over the 600,000,- years since the earth was formed we would find that most thrust down many times. FROM MOUNTAIN TO SEA Wherever a mountain raises its peaks the work of denudation or wearing away is at work. Not only mountains but every bit of land is undergoing this denudation or Water and the atmos- phere are the tools that grind the The resulting rock powder is the clays, gravels of our lands. settles to the bottom, hills are worn away the sea bottom rises. Gradually the balance of weight When this reaches a certain point there is an adjustment, the weight at one place causing an upthrow are formed. The process may take milleniums but it goes on until the highest mountains are raised and More Venchirs Urgent Need Threatened Shortage in Prov- ince Likely to Reach Alarm. Ing Proportions -- Normal ments Lowered In the face of a threatened teach- er shortage, due largely to enlist- ments by both teachers and pro- spective teachers and the enrol: ment of prospective teachers Into war work, applicants School courses will be accepted if they have completed eight of the nine- upper school papers hitherto The policy, a continuation of the one formed last autumn, w nounced recently by Hon. , Acting Minister. of -Educa- tfon. He said that, -}--"Inereasing scarcity-of teachers-for-- public and separate schools and tho possibility of a decreased en- classes next fall, applicants other- wise qualified who hold certificates of standing in school papers will be admitted to the first class ¢ourso given during the 1941-42 session of the Normal Buried Gold Lures To Eastern Sands Buried treasure beckons to ad- individuals and are several spots along the lines of the Canadian National ways in the Maritime Provinces where tradition has it that gold lies awaiting the fortunate search- "er. Some time around 1760, story goes, three French frigates weresunk in the Richibucto River and each vessel had a consignment is now a pro- 'posal to seek the buried treasure. is credited with having buried treasure in many spots in Nova Scotia, one popular place being 6n Oak Island in Ma- Digging has been fre- quent but the results measured. in ~ actual gold have been meagre. old Propeller Blades In Different Forms What happens to old propeller "bladés? Trans-Canada Air Lines' works them up into a variely of ircraft parts and keeps lem fly- Since war started T.C.A. has manufactured much of equipment, The aluminum blades at the end of their service life be- .come oxygen fittings, plumbing tank flanges, cabin fix tures, a host of minor parts. Prop shanks have even found their way into the instrument shop--fabri- cated into vacuum ehambers for testing flight instruments. Prime Minister Winston Churchill appears to have some diffi- culty in attempting to move the Canadian Victory Loan Torch, which recently arrived in London, It was presented to Churchill by lan Mackenzie, Canadian Minister of Pensions, at No. 10 Downing Street. THE WAR-WEEK--Commenlary on Current Events Russo - German Conflict - Reaches Decisive Stage; U.S. Moves Significantly "l am sure thyt the great battle now going on in Eastern Europe will bring the turning point of the war on which de- pends not only the future of my country, but of the world." --Soviet Ambassador to Great Britain, Ivan Maisky. "The United States cannot permit the occupation by Ger- many of strategic outposts in - the Atlantic to be used as air or naval bases for eventual at- tack against the Western Heml- sphere."--U.S. President Frank- lin D. Roosevelt. . . LJ The most terrific battle in the history of the world raged last week all along the 1,100 mile front in weslern Russia as the Nazi war machine hurled itself against the --outposts of the "Statin- Line" and the Soviet defenders ferociously threw it back. The super-conflict approached its crisis. By many, the turning-point in the sccond world war was thought to be at hantLhe middle of July would gee the climax. Not in the Nazi Plan The German schedule, it was re- ported, called for smashing of the Russian defenses In the west by August 18, What that same plan did not envision was that an enor- mous price would have to be pald for the first small Nazi gains; that Germany would lose upwards of half a million men to the casualty lists before the blitz was two weeks old; and that the Russlan army, having withdrawn almost intact to new defense lines, would be In a position to double those losses for Germany within the first month. The odds seemed to be swinging definitely In favor of the Russians. A diplomatic view expressed In Washington last week had it that it Russia could hold out until win- ter, the war ftself would terminate' during 1942 with the defeat of Hit- ler, and with possibly a revolution in Germany. (The German people, already war-weary, are now beindy, confronted with a long war" after having been promised-a short one.) Two-Front War Wanted ~ The British press and public last week clamored for an 'nvasion of the continent at this moment when Hitler's back is turned and his de- _fending soldiers drawn off for ser---|-- vice on the eastern front. The London Sunday Times reported that Gerthany was using 240 divisions (perhaps 2,400,000 men) in the of fensive against Russia; in addition to the entire Luftwaffe bomber ficet and 80 per cent of the fighter strength. The Russians claimed that Germany had drawn on her artillery units on the French and Belgian coasts to bolster the drive against the tSalin Line, and had left dummy wooden guns to face Bri --tain-Russia's former Foreign Com missar Maxim Litvinoy, in a radio - appeal urged Great Britain to throw her whole weight against Germany in the West, while the Red Army withstood the shock of the Nazi blitzkrieg ip the East, and open up a twodront war. Germans Fear It It Britain could do it, a two-front war would mean the end of the Hitler regime. The Germans cer tainly knew that. Last Feliruary 6, a front-page editorial In the "Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung" said "What indeed was the war on two fronts? It was the war designed to take Germany into pincers from West and East. The British made overy effort to present us with such a war, as In 1914, The German agreement with Moscow has crosa- ed this English scheme once for all. «... Just because Germany's rear is free she can use her entire force against ONE enemy--no matter where he stands." Se ee Elsewhere, but also as an Indirect result of the Russo-German conflict, Britain's war position improved last week. The Ethoplan campaign was cleaned up, the Syrian situation or practically in the bag; more troops were released for service In north Africa; Britain was no longer belpg viciously bombed by night; and for the time being, a German invasion of Great Britain was out of the pic- ture entirely. U. 8. Iceland Base Helps News of the American occupation of leeland and of the coming co operation of the U, 8S. Navy with the British in the North At lantic was received with jubilation in Britain. Speaking before the House of Commons Prime Minister Churchill cuiphasized | that last week's move by Washington, ex ed the American patrol zone within 900 miles of Nazi by Sl Norway, was one of the most important events of the war Kirke IL. Simpson, Associated Press military correspondent, wrote of the occupation of Iceland: "With United States naval forceg occupy Ing Iceland by Presidential order, vital factors in the Anglo-Nazi death struggle are destined to undergo drastic changes in Britain's fgvor. Tremendous potential strengthen ing of British sea. defenses could "result from this far-reaching ex tension of the American bastions in the North Atlantic. If the Wash: ington move means what it appears to mean, Britain's defense zone in that sea has been cut to less than a third of its former 3,000-mile span from the Canadian east coast to ports in England. British naval and air forces affording protection to convoys bound for Britain can be very largely concentrated east ward of the southern tip of leeland. That would mean a potential trip- ling of the effectiveness of every British battleship, cruiser, destroy- er or corvette assigned to Nerth Atlanic éonvoy duy.... The Ameri can use of the leelandie defensive base may go far to help Britain through to winter and beyond. It could insure-her American planes and other war weapons next year Ton a scald to guarantee her ulti uate victory over her Axis foes" «se Chinese See Victory Ahead The undeclared SinoJdap war went into its fifth year last week, with a decision no nearer in pros pect than the night the shooting began, Its fourth year, just closed, brought little,change in the military stalemate on the far castern front that has persisted for nearly thee years. THG zone of Japanese oc- cupation has extended a little here, "contracted a little there. But the cost In life and wealth has con- tinued at an unchecked pace, In a message marking the fourth Ynniversary of the war's outbreak, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek oid the Chinese people that the initial objects of China's r®istance had been achieved, that ultimate defeat of Japan was inevitable and that a Chinese victory was In sight. Nevertheless, he , warned, there should be no relaxation of vigilance on China's part. He exhorted the greater" national unity, not to re- lax in their "spiritual reconstruc tion," and to regard military, edu cational and economic develop ments as the principal factorg of national reconstruction. New Vitamin Said To Benefit Airmen The volent. discovery of ribo- flavin, one of the "BY" group vitamins, may prove one of the gredt contributions of medical science to military aviation, Dr. William Boyd of Toronto declared at- the Canadian Medical Associ- ation convention meeting in Win- nipeg last month. Dr. Boyd said lack of ribofla- vin might produce serious defects in vision. The least Consequepce would be severe eye strain. Its presence in- the human subject was largely local to the eye and bright sunshine quickly used up the supply. Because of this, a proper supply was necessary for aviators now training to fly fight- ing machines at several miles a minute. School For Bes Professor Vladimir Alpatov, of the Moscow State University, has been working on the scientific training of bees to pollinate cer- tain plants, By feeding them with syrup smelling of flax, he claims that they fly to a flax field, leaving traces of the smell , of flax which in turn attracts people of China to develop an "even | other bees, |, "VOICE -T HE, PRESS Y ONTARIO POTATOES When grown and graded prop- erly Ontario potatoes are as good as any, What makes it difficult to sell Ontario potatoes is the accepted fact that other potatoes are better grown and better grad- ed. Perhaps the basic reason for poor merchandizing - methods is that the Ontario grower's mhrket is right at his own front door. Distance compels efficiency. --Farmer's Advocate. - PATRIOTIC DIET If we had to do without pork or pork products completely, we could do it, and still live quite-as well as we do now. There is, therefore, no hardship involved in the request that has been made by Hon. J. G. Taggart, Chairman of the Bacon Board, that Cana- dians cut their consumption of these commodities by fifty per cent. This is a definite part of the war effort. It will make avail able to Britain what she needs in the way of this particular type of foodstuff. The fact that Can- adians have already noticeably cut down on their consumption of . pork, though the original appeal was made only a short time ago, indicates that they will adopt this patriotic diet, now that Mr. Tag- gart has indicated the exact ex- tent of rationing that is neces- sary. -- Windsor Star. -- st CITY AND COUNTRY It is a matter of common oh- servance that country-bred people 7 undisclosed sensations lay behind - his spoken words, may have their curlosity satisfied and their knows ledge of world events considerably extended now that Mr, Shirer's "Berlin Dlary"--his personal, un- censored joyrnal of events in Eure ope 1934-1940--has been published, In December last year Mr. Shir- er returned home to _ae United States to prepare hls diary for the press. Completed, we find it an in. timate day-to-day record of what as a foreign correspondent he saw and heard, his meetings with the leading characters in the tragic drama he watched unfold during the seven terrible years in which Hitler rose to power and conquer ed most of a continent. ' Here you may read how Shirer stood in the Place de la Concorde, Paris, on that Fobruary night of 1934 when a Fascist mob was kept from storming the Chamber of Dep- utles only by force. He witnessed the declaration of conscription in Germany the next year, when the Versailles treaty was torn up. He saw thie re-occupation of the Rhine land. He was In Vienna when the Nazls took over Austria. He covers ed the Sudetenland fighting In 1938, and watched the sellout of (Czechoslovakia at Qodesherg, Ber- ' ) lin and Munich. He visited Danzig, : Gdynia and Warsaw during the k fate-heavy August of 1939. He saw bl the whole of the war from Berlin » and on the Western front from its £7 inception up to the end of 1940, Ho £ witnessed the signing of the June ! armistice at Complegne; and he scooped the world with the news of it and {ts terms. Tho reaction of the German people themselves to the war and A to their changing fortunes, as res i flected in the "Diary," is of more Nl than usual interest, y "Berlin Diary" . by William L. Shirer . . . Toronto: Ryerson A Press . .. $3.75. 3 are not more dull-witted-than-eity folk. Rather have they stores of wisdom which the feverish dis- tractions of town life do not breed, For the purpose of education the country provides far more favorable material in some way than the city. One does not need to be a Wordsworth or a Jeffer- ies to find inexhaustible subjects of interest and inquiry in the earth and every common sight. The boy who lives amid mead- ows, mountains, woods and streams is at "an advantage as compared with his fellow whose horizon is bounded by bricks and mortar, the endless monotony of the streets and the endless bustle of the factory and workshop. "Guelph Mereurs The Book Shelf... "BERLIN DIARY" By William L. Shirer Those who last year listened time and again to Columbia's cor respondent William I... Shirer broadcasting from Berlin on "The World Today" and wondered what ~Dandelion Greens next spring: water just before cookl pleted. When done; fire thom in- to a colander, press them to dein off all the water, and chop. Add A) 'butter, salt anid pepper. | fee war Wi Gutow got a jig-saw letter from his wife. Assembled after an hour's labor, it read: "Don't work too hard." Clip and keep this recipe for LE 2 pounds dandelion greens Salt and pepper 1 tablespoon butter. be Dandelions should be used bee a fore they blossom, as they become i bitter after that time. Cut eff X the roots, pick the greens over { : carefully, and wash them well in A several waters. Place them in a » kettle, add a little boiling water, ) and boil until tender. Mult the ", 15 eom- i LIFE'S LIKE THAT _ By Fred Ncher Rs iid Nl a ; Y a 7A lh Petar Zd Cds MRS. PIP'S DIARY. | } REG'LAR' FELLERS--THE END - 7 WELL, THIS 1S THE LAST STORY AND THEN YOU HAVE TO GO TO BED I'LL NEVER FORGET ONF 5 TIME 1 WAS HUNTING. IN AFRICA. 1 CAME FACE TO FACE WITH A GREAT BIG TIGER! 1°'TOOK CAREFUL AIM AND....... oc AR THE GUN JAMMED/1 RAN FOR MY LIFE AND THE TIGER AFTER ME. I COULD FEEL HIS HOT BREATH ON MY BACK AT--LAST- 1 CAME TO A CLIFF! IF 1 MOVED ANOTHER INCH I'D DROP TEN THOUSAND FEET AND RIGHT IN BACK OF ME WAS THE Tiger...) HAPPEN? HE JUST-ATE ME UP T 1 i "I'll call you back later, dear . . . There's a man at the nelghlior's & front door." 8 \ By GENE BYRNES. a N ARTE HBR :