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= -L i x 17,000,000 Men In Axis Armies A Lot To Be Disposed of, Says the Ottawa Citizen U. 8. War Secretary Stimson's estimate of the fighting strength of the Axis armies should have-a sobering effect upon those who have yielded to over-optimism, on the subject of an early victory. gr~ There are a lot of Axis soldiers to be disposed. of before the end fs in sight. . Mr, Stimson, defending U. 8. plans. to .establish an army of 8,200,000, safd that the Axis has 17,000,000 under arms. Germany and her European satellites have 14,000,000, The-Japanese have ap- proximately 3,000,000 under arms. Speaking of 'Germany's 14,000, 000 troops, Mr. Stimgon sald that "Russia and Britain together have a much smaller number." This may come as a, surprise to those who have blandly assuin¢d that Russia, with a population of 1,3,000,000, with a population of 183,000,000, --the .usual 10 per cent, They for- get that one-third of Russia's population has come under enemy domination, and that Russian cas- ualties have been enormous. So have German casualties been enormous. But Germany has had-s the advantage of drafting millions of semi-slaves to work in-her fac- tories and on her farms, thus re. leasing many more men than would - otherwise be available, for the army. What the strength of the British Army is must of necessity remain a secret, but Britain is fully mobil. ized. There are no more men to call up, except those coming of age, That means that the needed superiority in striking power must come from the United States. And an army of 8,200,000 Americans will not mean too great a superior- ity, it Mr, Stimson's figures are accurate, . . In Chinese Home No Food Wasted, Writes J Pearl Huck, in Collier's There ean be no argument in China about food. It is consid- ered ample reason for giving up a good job anywhere if the food or - the region is not what one likes or if the table provided is'inadequate or badly prepared.. With this reverential attitude toward food, waste of food is therefore unheard of and consid- ered as near a real sin as the " Chinese allow to anything. Every part of a duck, for instance, is used in its own way. The blood is made into pudding. The skin roasted crisp and brown i) sliced off ang eaten with haw. jelly and thin pancakes The--ftesh is cut offi and "served with chestnuts. The giblets are chopped and com- bined with a vegetable, perhaps bamboo shoots, seasoned with the proper condiments. The feet are served in"soup. Thé head is cook- ed and split open and the brains are a delicacy, though scarcely a mouthful. There are therefore no garbage pails in the Chinese household. There is no such thing in a Chin- ese kitchen nor did I ever sce one in any Chinese house. A few outer yellow leaves of a cabbage are buried in a compost heap. So are the few bones that have been cracked for marrow. Everything else is eaten. 'Leftovers are never thrown - away. The knowledge of famine is al- ways in every Chinese mind, even of those who have never suffered from or seen a famine, "Eat," the Chinese subconscious says, "for there ave always those who starve' and, life being what it is, some day you may be one of the starv- ing." It causes me, I must confess, a good deal of anguish to see American garbage. So much of it is food thrown away. The Chin- ese sense of sin stirs in me. Heaven forgives much to man but not waste of that which it has given to feed him How Ships' Hulls Become Magnetized It is not divulging anything to say that when ships aro built their hulls become permanent magnets, and stay magnetic all their lives unless they are treated by the Royal Navy's '"de-gaussing" ex- perts. If.a vessel Is built head to north her bows become "red" and her stern "blue," magnetically speaking. HM bullt head to south I permanent magnetism is e" bows and "red" stern. When a ship takes shape lying east and west: her port. and starboard sides become her magnetic poles. This permanent linll magnetism is brought about by the excessive violence used on the iron and steel structure---all the hammering, cut: ting, and. bending of her plates and girders. Which turns the whole ~hull futo a "hard" magnet. In fact it becomes part of the earth's mag- netic fleld: This: fact has always heen allowed for when a ship's compasses" are adjusted prepara- tory to her going to sea. Bt -- . front of them VOICE PRESS Gordon Ross is one of the hardest-headed men in the' Cana- dian Parliament, He manages to. operate an orange grove in Cali. fornia, au large wheat farm near Moose Jaw and the businéss of an active parliamentarian, Last year Mr. Ross became convinced that America would be short of vege- table oils, so he bought up all the sunflower seed he could find and raised Canada's largest single® crop of sunflowers. They were profitable and they provided use- ful oils, --Vancouver Sun . --s " MANPOWER ON THE FARM _ A horsepower is roughly esti- mated to be the work which on and one-half horses can' do. And a manpower, on the farm, is the work of eight hired men done by a farmer, his wife, and a dog." -- Peterborough Examiner --C-- INTRRNATIONAL FORCE American bombers were escort- ed back to their bases after a raid by Norwegian fighter planes led by a New Zealand wing com- mander. That's the kind of Leazue of Nations that means something. --Windsor Star 0 ENCIRCLEMENT Axis in Tunisia have in the British, the Americans and the French, above them the British and American air fleets and behind them the hive Mediterranean and the Bri- tish Navy. --Port Arthur News-Chronicle --=- BILLY BISHOP KNOWS Air Marshal Billy Bishop is still urging a "healthy hatred" of the Axis. He doesn't seem to think that the "This hurts me more than it "does you" attitude is enough. - --Sault Ste. Marie Star Chr THE SAVING GRACE A sense of humor may be de- fined as that which saves a girl in slacks from going into: hys- terics at sight of a 1928 snapshot of her mother in knickers. -- Boston Globe i Or WHAT WE SHOULD DO We should quit worrying about Russia quitting and dropping be- hind until we cateh up with Rus- sia. © The --DBrandon Sun "a LEGITIMATE HOARDING If you must hoard, concentrate on accumulating war savings cer- tificates, - ~ Ships Used To Be Launched By Men Launching a ship with cham- pagne means more than swinging a bottle against a steel prow. To prevent splinters from flying into * the face of the lady who says "I christen thee Tuscaloosa," the bottle is encased in a mesh holder. Provision is also made for a sixty- foot strip of red, white and blue bunting woven to keep its shape after the bottle has been smashed. Preparation of the bottle takes about five hours, - The whole ceremony dates from a time when a launching was at- tended with human sacrifice, With a decline in bloodthirstiness red wine -was used -- symbolié blood. « At first the wine was drunk in a_ toast and the cup flung after the ship. Champagne was introduced simply because it was more ex- pensive. Once upon a time men (priests in very carly ltimes) al- ways launched ships. In the nine- teenth century women took their places. % 23 U-Baats Lost In Month Of March An underground German radio station said last week that Ger- 'many lost six submarines during' March in the Atlantic or Medi- terranean and that 17 additional U-boats did not return to base and are regarded as lost. - The broadcast said nine others were damaged but made port and 11 were damaged slightly, In all, 1,039 crew members were dead, missing or possibly prisoners, March losses exceeded February, the broadcast said. New construction still is ahead of U-boat losses, according to the radio, but only a little and Allied defence measures are improving. It's Double Summer Time In Britain Great Britain last week went on double summer time until Aug. 15 to take advantage of the early sunrise. The change shortens the black- out. by an hour, The new time puts Great Brit- "ain six hours ahead' of eastern war time in the United States. (4 i 3 Vd i P-40 Warhaw where in Africa. RUENY With wings taken off and tied beneath the transport, this British fits snugly inside a giant Douglas C-47 Skytvain some- The P-10 was being flown to a base for repairs. - is the feeling in THE WAR . WEEK -- Commentary-on Current Events Bombings Alone Cannot Bring War To Successful Conclusion That the most difficult period of the war is still in the inder" inite future and that the victory may not he won until 1944-1945, or perhaps, later, probably stem from the increasing effectiveness of the Nuzi U-boat campaign. If the Allies cannot deliver men and supplies to the fighting fronts they cannot win the. war, If their already haz. ardous supply lines were disrupted for any long period of time it would be most difficult and, per haps, impossible for them to launch their officially promised as saults on Europe this year, The Nazis have the ability to get up off the floor as they dig on the South¢rh front if Russia and their some quarters that the Russians may have ovey- exerted themselves in their great offensive, There is also the pos- sibility that the Luftwafie is not dead, but is merely playing pos- sum, Step-Up Air Assaults Yet, the Nazis can be defeated under water as well as on the land and in the air. The Allies were . late in tackling the submarine problem in earnest but the means for combating Jit are becoming available. The so-called "rim-of-fhe- wheel" th that bombings from bases in Britain, North Africa, the Middle East and Russia conld be decisive has gained strength in official quarters. Rim-of-the-wheel advocates would step up the curvent air as. saults on German industry and transport to twelve 1.000-plane raids per month. They hold that when 36 such raids had been made, victory. would be within the Alley grasp, The rimof-the-wheel {heory fis strengthened, rather than weak- ened, by the fact that its pro- ponents do not hold that air bomb- ings alona can a successful conclusion. "After the rim-of-the-wheel has made secure, after Germany has been contained, after the air attacks have been brought to a proper in- tensity from all sides, then will be the time to equip our land forces for a concerted push against a tottering German struc- ture, Russian troops from Russia, British and American troops from the (Middle East land bridge, Bri. tish, American and Freneh troops from the Gibraltar bridge, British and American troops swarming at last. over the Channel-- these are the land movements which can administer the coup de zrace, The time for it will be after our com- bined air power has eut the hub out of the wheel" This appears to he the current phn of attack. Advance Notice An interesting proposal is that bombing schedules be announced by radio a week in advance. When heen LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher Xe Nara? /0-28 oe by Co: "Say something, Dwight! You've passed your driver's test!!!" bring the war to" the bombers leave their bases their takeoff 'would be anuounced also. Thus, it is argued, industries fn a score or more of citles would be paralyzed. The theory demon- Strates contempt, which appears to be justified, for the Nazis' ab- ility. to fight off bombers. Where Is The Luftwaffe? In view of the clearcut and mounting air ¢ superiority ot the Unitéd Nations in the European and African theaties, "and in view also of thie success of the Russian Winter offensive, one certainly is entitled to ask what has become of the vaunted might of the (er. man air arm.- From time to time there are reports, of graat reserves | of giant bombers in the Reich: bombers capable of making the T000mile round trip flight from the ncarest available European figJds to onr own Atlantic shores with a bombgload, In this connec- tion sone figures of distance are highly signiticant, a balancing factor It is only 930 miles from to Vyasma, only 230 from lensk to Moscow, 330 from Greece to Tunisia, 3: fro Nog to He trom Caglivii to that sian strovehold and ninety miles from 2icily to the same port. From Paris to London is only 220 miles If the Flying Fortresses and Liberators and the ©. AL Lan casters and Stivlings heen able to make the devastating raids range is load, Berlin Smo since against from Great Britain on German cities it is 550 air miles from London to Balin -why have not the German hombers of this re- puted armada struck in reprisal on Great. Britain, laid waste Mos- cow, or turned the whole tide in Tunisia trom the near-by spring- boards of Italy and Greece? Does It Exist? Presuniebly the answer is to be found in several factors. I= the first place, one may question the existences of wny tleet, Fail ure to nse it when thie tide of free. dom is running so heavily against the Axis Inthe air on each of the several vital fronts surely puts a large interrozation point against its reality, Secondly, shortaze in both quantity and quality of fuel and lubricants may make full uso of existing aircraft by the Gers nmaes impossible, Thirdly, the con- stant both pilots and planes of the Luttgafie may have depleted necessuy fighte pro- tection for such bombers as are avatlabld to a point whan they can- such attrition of not satcly he risked. It is probable that all these factors entire into the mystery of Germany's pro- gressively devdloping weakness fin the air, "Sitting Ducks" Now, of all comparative times, it wuold be foolish to. underestimate the strength ef the enrmy. He may have caids cup his sleeve whieh will prove dangerous indeed. Ine creasingly it appears, however, that limiting factors as to produe- tion, desizn and ceitain accessory weaknesses of the rman combat air arm are contributing to the momnting odds in favor of the Un- ited Nations in the skies. Russian courage amd blood have shown that the dread Panzers were not invincible. In the harsh, country of North Afri have heen ducks" and broken deseribed as have fallen prey to the Lightnings and the Warhawks, the Mitchells ang the Mari lers in an everinereasing bag. It be- gins to appear that the bemedaled Goering has missed his greatest chance. The failure to date of the vaunted Luftwaffe to rescue Rom- mel and to strike back blow for ruinous blow on Britain =i: per- haps the most heartening current aspect of the war, British Armies Will "Take Sure Revenge British armies have eas in this war done a great dal more fighting than is apt to he recog- nized, says The Navy (Londoh). They have had sad and serious reverses---often because the dice were loaded impossibly against them, and sometimes hecanse per- formance fell short of ronception. But the British armies whieh be- gan with the small highly trained expeditionary force which fought its way out of Dunkirk and went on with the insuiliciently trafmed contingents which did their damnedest ip Norway, aro now a great and formidable power. They "will, we are convinced, take a sure and ample revenge for all the sethacks which they have suffered, N THE UNCONQUERABLES AN EASTER MORNING IN POLAND Around a table fu a crowded shabby room iu a Polish city, once thriving and proud of {ts place in the march of civilization and progress, but now shattered Ald in decay, a little group had gathered to eat together the Eas ter breakfast. Compared with that meal in days of peace, this was a poor parody. But by indomitable endeavor, pooling of resources, and ingenuity, eno provided to'serve as symbols of the traditional Polish "Easter fare. The assembled compuny, mostly women, on this outstanding Polish family holiday, were more keenly aware than on ordinary days of the tragedies that had befallen, and of loved ones they would never see again, Bat oon this occasion they had, as it were, resolved to put away sorrowful thouzhts and smile ang 1 things And for a went well Then « young woman who had suffered decent loss fond the strate too great and broke inte weeping onversation hushed. In. stantly an elderly woman rose from her place, laid her hand upon the girl's shaking shoulder and standing crveet, in a voice without a tremor addressed her: "Do not weep Today, the DAY of the Resmrection, is not a day for ters, Remembed the words of the Lord. His assurance that He woull vise again. And He did rise, and we are celebrating His resur- rection, as 20 many have celebrat- ed it betore us, and will celebrate it after us. Don't weep; for Po- Land wlll rise again And then the martyrdom of your dear ones will be enshrined dnd live forever in the memory of the nation, and Goll and ou dear countey wil comfort you' v . x With that the speaker walked slowly back to her chair at the end of the table™ But the sobbing ceased and the voices that took up the interrupted conversation were strong with i reassured faith "amd eondidence, strong in the Knowledge that what has perished mast of a certainty rise again. had been - "And it seemed," said the guest Yas if the voom hag suddenly been filled who related this incident, with sunshine Fog Is No Longer Hazard To. Fliers Research in aviation to .further the war effort has brought many new advances in the industry, in. cluding an invention that means the elimination of the hazards of even ak Finest R, Breech of the Bendix Aviation - blind flying through fo night, says President Corporation, He divulged no details, stating that 'these developments are se broad mn the scope of their appli. cation for military purposes that I cannot hint to you how this has been accomplished. | can tell you longer that Ait "Man's genius list of cugineering hmited." Sir Edward Beatty With his employees his rela- tions were the finest, says. The Ottawa Journal. There was the day, telling Wis great heart, whea Grant Hall brought him a list of workers to be laid SM. 1 was a cold wintre- day. "FE. W." as they called him. looked at the list, thom ted to a window to gaze out at a blizzacd that was raging. All he sald was "This is a helluva day to let mon oat. Grant, Thus forget i." hiv Canadian. To much May we Keep hoor his memory long is no experimental, and 1 cam give you positive assurance that fog, even at night, will join the love list of weather hazards con- quered by man in his desire to fly, haz added an- other great invention to the long advances that now assures the airline pilot, re- gavdless of actual weather condi- tions, a ceiling and visibility va. Edward Beatty, sportsman, hunuantiavian, philanthropist, rait- way bilder: in heart and soul a him, to all his Kind our country and Empire owa 3 and Tugs Go to Sea by Rail Wis ships go down to the sea by rail a difficult transportation problem is involved. A record in rail transport - has been set by operating officers of the Canadian National Railways in the recent successful movement of two large tugs, built far inland, to the seaboard. "Ward" and "Witch" terms as- sheiated with security and guardian- ship, are the names of these tugs. They were transferred from their native element in Georgian Bay waters over the lines of the National System to 'an East Coast seaport where they are now engaged in war work. These 60-foot overall tugs were built at Owen Sound, given their trials there, taken from the water and swung on hoard flat cars to begin a railway journey of more than 1.300 miles. That sounds simple but a tug cannot be knocked down or folded up, particularly in this instance where the steel hulls are welded. Height and breadth i the hull provided material for a fot of operat ing headaches wlich lasted from Owen Sound to the Atlantic. Placed on her side on a flatcar the top of the Toad was 18 feet, 9 inches above the top of the rail. The actual beam of the wg is 14 feet 6 inches so that when Sn, on the car the hull projected two feet beyond the cae edge on one side, the awkward posi- tion being due to the necessity for establishing a safe centre of gravity. Overhang constitutes a problem on any part of a railway and particula so at curves. It wag necessary for tha National System engineering depart- ment to check the plan of every bridge between the terminal points, a big task when carried out over 1.300 miles. Some clearances were of the scantiest, the smallest being barely one inch from the top of the load at a point where a highway crossed over the railway. The side overhang was a biggee problem than the height and it was necessary to arrange for every train in which this load was' included to move-at_ restricted. speed when the second trick was vacant. Thé entire transportation" involved a series of carefully planned movements, The transportation was carried ont successfully -and "Ward" and "Watkh™ are now in silt water performing their tasks of moving barges in the Canadian National lighterage service which daily handles gicat quantities of supplies and war material taken from the rail terminal and transferred to ships carrying vital cargoes for the United Nations. REG'LAR FELLERS---He's Stuck with Em ON THESE STAMPS AN PASTE TREM 1 MY STAMP ALBUM! ™S IS A Goov PLACE RIGHT tere. . WHERE'S TrAT ONL! | HAD THEM (4 MY RAND ONLY WELL, THAT'S A FUNNY DID YOU bo ANYTHING wit FIVE, FOREIGN STAMPS | HAD Just A MINIT Ado? By GENE BYRNES Lod |) d \ i \ : fl Biopsy 1 1] Arig s fo DAS Nols ak Woe y if i i"