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A © ,, machinéry of . hii Strength, in the driving wheels of a. giant steam locomotive, and™ the strength of a man's faith in his country are illustrated in the above photo taken in the locomotive repair department at Canadian Pacific Railway Company's Angus Shops. Charles E, Biron, in the repair pit, is pictured here as he paused in his work to sign an application exchanging his cash savings for $2,500 in bonds of Sixth Victory Loan issue, Hugh Shea, lustructor at Angus, is at left, Mr, Biron:' has been an employeé of the Canadian Paciiic for 37 years, and has worked at Angus Shops since 1910. helping overhaul and condition Canadian His skill at Pacific locomotives has further helped the war effort on the transportation front, Their minimum Sixth Loan objective placed at $510,000, Canadian Pacific employees at Angus Shops were considerably "over the top" with $527,850, OTTAWA REPORTS Nearly 60 Percent of Canadian Farm Families In Present Homes More Than 10 Years Canadian farm. families, general- ly speaking, stay put. Over a third of the Dominion's 703,000 farm fiouscholds have occupied their pre- sent homes for more than 20 years, and nearly sixty percent for more than ten years. The Maritime prov- inces reilect the greatest stability with well over a third of the house-, - Irolds having lived in present homes" "for over 30 years, and the average length of years, residence exceeding 20 Nearly half of all farm homes in Canada are in Ontario and Que- bee. A little over a tenth are in the Maritimes and approximately a half in the western provinces, ac- "cording to figures of the last cen- sus just released by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. Iouseholds average 4.7 persons for the whole of "Canada, and except for Quebec number less than five, In Quebec fifty percent of the houscholds number five persons or less and 23 percent include 'more. than eight persons. } « * * Hemlock bark, a primary need of the Canadian tanning industry, is now under a ceiling of $14 a cord, 'This 'price includes cost of delivery unless when shipped by rail in which case the maximum price may be increased by the amount of ac- "tual railway charges. * * * Six additional types of new farm and equipment which may be sold without permits are diamond, flexible and spring tooth harrow sections" cream separators; "- "power sheep shearing machines and animal clippers, egg cleaners and brushes. * * * Canadians anay now purchase © FOR SUMMER Shown in this picture is ,the cors rect summer dress uniform worn personnel of the Canadian oman's Corps. | and will sign a declaration L American funds up to $75 exclusive of transportation, to visit in the United States if they have not been across the border within the past six months, (except for business or in transit), or up to $150 if they have not been there for six months, (except-on business or in transit), that they will not go again before May 18, 1045, The new ruling is an- nounced by the Foreign Exchange Control Board, At present rate of exchange, it costs $1.11 in Canadian currency to buy a dollar in U.S. money, * * * . Hon. J. G. Gardiner, Minister of Agriculture, told the House of Commons last week that movements of feed grain from .West to East coming months, 1 * . * Anticipating- that due to the shortage of farm machinery and -- farm labor, some farmers will rent or borrow machinery for haying *operations, officials -at Central Ex- perimental Farm, Ottawa, have worked out estimates including all repairs, depreciation and other costs items. Charges for moving from one farm to another are not in- cluded. Man labor is valued at $3 a day and a team at $2.60 a day. The estimates "include: Mower--29c an acre of $2.75 a day. Mower, team and man--88c¢ an.acre or $8.35 a day. Dump rake--26c an acre or $2.16 a day. "gy Side rake---33c an acre or $5.28 a day. day. Wagon, rack, team and man--$5.82 a day. Fa Hay loader, wagon, rack, team and man--=$8.15 a- day. AR Hay press (based on 200 tons a year)--=27c a ton. Additional information on farm machinery costs is contaided in publication: No. 750 "Cost of Op- ern Canada" obtainable by writing the Dominion Department of Agri- culture, Ottawa, a a Russians May Tap Own Maple Trees Page the North American Indian --he 'uncorked the possibilities of hard maple sap centuries ago while only now the Northern peoples of Europe are becoming interested In the process. Russian official representatives abroad tasted this Canadian maple product and found it so good that there is a definite plan to make the Russian tree--and they say they have hatd maples in the U. S. 8. R. --help sweeten the Russian diet. It is reported the Soviet trade re- presentatives are interested in the Canadian process and equipment "syrup-making in the horheland next 'spring. Ploesti Oil Output | Cut By 75 Percent The cdpacity of the Ploesti re- fineries in the Romanian oil fields, normally 0,600,000 tons a year, has by recent bombing which "will have an immediate adverse effect on the Nazi war front," Lt, Gen. Faker reported last week, : Eaker, Commander in Chief of the Mediterranean Air Forces, #ald the Ploestl refineries had been handling 90 per cent. of all Roman- ian crude oil and supplying 80 per cent. of Germany's needs, "The enemy's position is great- ly weakened by serious interrup- tion to his rail and river transpor- tation" caused by the Mediterran- ean Air Forces, Eaker said, would continue to he heavy in the Hay loader--21¢ a ton or $2.52 a erating Farm Machinery in East- and may purchase enough to try out- been cut to less than 25 per cent. VOICE OF THE ------ | PRESS WEAK KNEES, TOO Chatham News thinks the collar bone the weakest in the human body, though, in some instances, ac- cording to the Kingston Whig Standard, the backbone is the weak- est. On the other, hand, that body ' structure known as "the old bean" is toughest, often resisting the most determined efforts to drive anything into it. --Ottawa Citizen. SURROUNDED BY WORK "What time do you go to work in the morning?" someone asked a farmer, "I don't go to work," he replied. "When [ get up, I am sur- rounded by work." That's what might be called being in the mid- dle of a bad fix. =~ --- --Kitchener Record. GIRLS TO MASQUERADE In lively Detroit a wgr plant dance committee suggests that the girls come in girls' attire. Evidently a masquerade. --Stratiord Beacon Herald, THE DUMB BOSS A lot of fellows who complain about their boss being dumb would be out of a job if the boss was smarter, ) --Wall Street Journal, ABOUT MAIL TO TROOPS There's a funny thing about mail to the armed forces. If it isn't add- ressed properly, it has difficulty getting there. NEED OF NERVE About all some people save for a rainy day is the nerve to borrow an umbrella. } > --Brandon Sun, Changes In World --Windsor- Star. Calendar Proposed The changes in the calendar ad- vocated by a new organization, "The World Calendar Association, Inc", New York, are really very simple, } There would be twelve months and fifty-two weeks as at present. The New. York would always begin on a Sunday, so that if the system ge adopted it would be inaug- uated on a year beginning on that day. Thus it could start on January 1, 1946, but if agreement were de- layed any first day of the year could be called Siiiiday. The first month of each quarter would have . 31 days--January, April, July and October, and all the rest would have 30 except December, the last day of which it is proposed to call December W. Why it is not pro- posed to call it December 31 we do not know. The Leap Year day, February 29, is also proposed to be taken care of by substituting an.ex- tra day in June, called June W, al- though there again we do not know why there should not be a June 31. The result of this plan would be that the days would fall on the same date throughout the world, A per- "son's birthday, for example, would always fall on the same day of the week, i : : The sponsors claim that this re- form would he of inestimable 'ad- vantage to every individual and in- dustry. It has been endorsed by a large nuntber of industrialists and public men and women, Nurses Training For Invasion Duty British and American nurses are traingng hard in Britain" for their most important and dangerous as- signment--sccond front duties, When our armies cross the Chan- nel for the great invasion, they will be followed closely by skilled nursing staffs, Many of these girls have been trained under realistic battle condi- tions, = : With machine-gun _ bullets whiz- zing past them, V.AD'S, jn coast- al areas have stood by with medical "men while British, invasion troops " fought savage "battles" nearby. Sometimes the. girls have had to treat men wounded in these exer- _ cises, "after the . THE WAR - WEEK -- Commentary on Current Events Nazis Trying To Build And Man ~ U-boats Faster Than They are Sunk The Germans continue to make vague claims of U-boat successes and while the late Secretary of the U.S. Navy, Frank Knox, made the cautious statement that submarine attacks may be resumed, Admiral Ernest J. King makes the flat an- nouncement that the German sub- marine fleet bas been reduced from a menace to a problem. The present "fairly satisfactory state of affairs is in sharp contrast to conditions which existed two years ago, writés Capt. Frederick L.. Oliver, in the Christian Science Monitor. At that time the U-boats insolgntly conducted raids in At- lantic coastal waters and sank ships within sight of the castern sea- board. German Theory A mustering of hastily impro- vised antisubmarine measures aided by co-operation from British, Can- adian, and Netherlands naval units, the Army Air Force, and planes from the Civil Air Patrol, succeed- ed in driving Nazi U-boats from the coastal waters and the Caribbe- an arca by the fall of 1942, Since: that time the odds against the U-boat have steadily in- creased, and despite optimistic Germaine propaganda, the plain un- varnished truth is that the German submarine campaign---is, barring some now unforseen development, doomed to failure, Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz rode into power during January, 1943, on his theory that the Allies could he defeated by" his plan of "mass formations, commonly Tre- ferred to as wolf packs, of sub- marines operating 'against the At- lantic supply routes. New Allied Devices For a time some measure of success attended the new German strategy, but the Allies brought _into use new devices and. methods of combating the U-boat, the most successful being airplanes from the escort carriers, better known as baby flat tops. An occasional submarine foray will meet with success. There in- evitably will be certain combina- tions of circumstances that will place a submarine in position to inflict damage, but the old = days when a wolf pack ran wild up and down the flanks of or through a big convoy, are gone. ' The Allied antisubmarine offen- sive which succeeded in disillu- sionizing not. only the German Navy but the Nazi Army as well, was a gem with many facots. The comprehensive scheme devised for preventing the U-boats from get- ting into position for attacking convoys extended over so wide an expanse of ocean, that submarines hundreds of "miles from their quarry were attacked and forced under the surface. In addition heavy airplane raids wese directed at the facilities for building ond basing U-boats. Not .only were building yards devas- fated, but the inland plants where the manifold items entering into the construrtion of submarines were fabricated underwent sustained * attacks. Allied Ships Sunk Furthermore, the sea arcas which submarines must traverse in going to and from their bases are heavily patrolled by both surface ships and four-motored bombers which do not hesitate to attack both enemy U-boats and surface vessels. oTlrere are no authoritative esti- mates of the number of subma- rines Germany has built, but the number has probably been in ex- ,cess of the available well-trained crews. However, from time to time figures on ship and submarine sinkings have been released, more usually from British sources.' In March, 1944, the British Ad- miralty announced that U-boats in 1941 sank one ship out of every 181 clearing British ports and that in the last half of 104% this ratio had fallen to onc out of 1,000, A recent news release in the United States 'says that sinkings are only one half of 1 per cent, which is about the same as it was in 1018 then submarine menace had been mastered. U-Bédts Sunk The British have stated that in 1943 200 U-boats carrying a per- sonnel of some 9,000 were sunk. --of the most reputable U.S. Another authority puts the slnk- ings during' the first four months of 1944 at 69 definite kills and 18 probables. If all 84 went down, the personnel involved would be about 4,200, -~ Information from reliable sources . indicates that the heavy loss of U-boats has had an adverse effect on the morale of the German sub- marine service. If this report 1s correct, it means that the efficiency of their operation will be seriously. affected, because in no other type of ship does successful functioning depend so completely on every member of the crew having abso- "lute confidence in the other mem- " bers. Big Change in "Situation It is not so many months ago that the problem confronting the Allies owas to build ships {aster than the U-boats could sink them, Into this gloomy picture entered the enormous loss of valuable cargoes, Now the scene has shifted to the Germans trying to «. build and man U-boats faster than they are sunk, Sugar Shortage Seen In 1945 Production Cut Everywhere, Writes Lawrence Sullivan In The Financial Post A world sugar survey from one dis- tributing houses indicates that Western Hemisphere supply next year probably will be shorter than during the current season, due to expanding lend-lease exports and smaller production - in cvery area from which wartime supplies are obtained. Shortage of manpower has cur- tailed production everywhere, and faltering U.S. beet production poli- cies have resulted in a large de- crease in prospective domestic sugar, Only 54 Operated ® Current figures disclose that the U. S. has 80 beet sugar mills, but that only 54 of them operated dur- ig the 1943 Jeason. In 1943 there was a curtailment of 25% in cane sugar production in Puerto Rico, closest sugar-produc- ing areca. These two arcas show a reduc- tion of almoct a million tons for the 19.3 crop as compared with the previous year--and at a time -when large cargoes are going abroad under lend-lease. Normally the U. S. does not export a pound of sigar. But under lend-lease it exported 208,000 tons in 1942, In 1943, exports were 471,000 tons. This yedr, says the Lambogn -sur- vey, they will reach 700,000 tons, Must Boost Output Sugar production in the United Nations area must be increased sharply next year if prevailing U, S. rations are to be maintained, In pre-war years, roughly 40% MAKE YOUR OWN CIGARETTES WITH (ERITH Fine Cut A MILDER TASTIER TOBACCO fe if 4 id 13M hy TH of the world's sugar came from arcas now under Axis control. In 1938 world world sugar production was 20.5 nullion tous, of which 11.9 million tons came from Axis ter- ritories. Over vast sweeps of this area, particularly in the Pa- cific, cane plantations have been destroyed. The same applies to vast beet areas in Central Europe, Water Buffaloes With Steel Hides Fight For Allies Water Buffaloes ave fighting on the side of the United Nations in the Souths Pacific, says the Chris- tian Science Monitor, "They are not indigenous--but are an armor-plated breed credited as the havdest-hitting amphibious tank in the armed forces of the United States. to Shelis fired "fromthe 37-milli- meter cannon carried in the revolv- ing turret hit with an "uupact de- scribed by some observers as equi-_ | valent to the force of a 3-ton truck dropped from the height of a tall tree. They carry machine guns, too. Of particular advantage is the Water Buffaio's versatility. It "swims" ashore from large boats, surmounting practically any barrier in its path, and knocking out Jap- anese installations, msanwhile pro- tecting the troops that swarm in behind it, On shore, the amphibians follow the infantry with supplies, ammuni- tion, food, medical cquipment, and water, Sometimes Buifaloes are called into service as land tanks, and they make excellent substitutes for bull- dozers, : Nazi Plane Quality Affected By Blitz Eiiects af the Allied hombing on the quality of future German air- craft production may prove to be no less important than the effect on its quantity, according to a Bri- tish Ministry of Economic War- Tare spokesman, The spokesman said 50 much damage had been inflicted on air- craft centers that the Germans pro- bably had to abandon plans to manufacture improved types of air- craft in order to keep production at an adequate level. A Forestry Quiz - For five or ten minutes of fun at your next get-together, try this "Forestry" game. Ask your guests to identify these trees: ; A What fish¥ Bass What tree is an animal? --Ewe. tree is a What tree is part of the hand -- Palin What tree is a covering for aa animal 21, What tree is a mineral used in building Lime What tree is a handy containee for shipping?--Box. What tree is a point of time?--- Date. What tree is two of a kind?-- Pear. ' What tree is a pestiferous insect? --l.ocust. : What tree is a very ancient joked --Chestnut. _ What tree is an officer in ceftain Co churches ?-- Elder. What tree s a Book of the Bible? -- Joshua, . What tree do you still have afte you burn 1t?--\sh, ' STEPPING UP? EIN x a te AE Ch ie Assistant Secretary of the Navy Ralph A. Bard, above, is consid- cred a likely successor to James V. Forrestal, undersecretary re cently nominated to be secre- tary of the Navy. Bard, former Chicago financier, at present h supervision over Navy shore od tablishments, labor civilian personnel. relations and PRAYER BEFORE BATTLE With dramatic effect, _dawn breaks over the bow of a U. 8. Coast an Allied convoy as it enters the Guardsmen pray and sing hymns Atlantic war zone, Guard Grouped in forecastle, under big guns, Coast in services conducted by the Navy chaplain, combat cutter protecting REG'LAR FELLERS Bugaboo! a4 By GENE BYRNES £5 HOW DO YOU LIKE 23 \ TH' SCARECROW WE Po| MADE FOR OUR VICT'RY GARDEN, PORT OF COURSE, BIRDS AREN'T - |: TH' ONLY PESTS THAT CAN RUIN A GARDEN-~THERE ARE BEETLES AND POTATO BUGS AND SNAILS WE'LL MAFTA FIGURE OUT A WAY T' SQUELCH THEM uITTLE CHISELERS o 2s Se Se oh pen nr A ~ Cn oe a NE»