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"ered more than 30 small islands. "At one point, they penetrated as far a. mn pti © "Pm afraid I'm a bit confused-- what Personal Broadcasts Eleven men marooned inside the Antarctic Circle were enjoying the rare, perhaps unique, privilege of each having a special radio pro- gram directed to him alone. Radio is these lonely men's only contact With the outside world, so it can be imagined how much these pro- grams mean to "them. Each man's program is specially desifned for him, His close rela tions. sitting in a broadcasting studio, talk to him direct about all those little things that mean home, and then, to round off the program, they pick out two or three of his favorite records to play to hime The marooned men have themselves de- cided the order in which they would like to be taken, presumably by casting lots, For the past few weeks, the Brit- ish Broadcasting Corporation _has been running this unusual series of programs, entitled "Calling Base E. Falkland Islands Dependencies." Boredom is normally unknown at Base FE, even in the long winter days when three parts of the time is twilight or inky darkness. The days are not long enough for all the hundred-and-one jobs that re quire attention. In the evening, records are 'played and stories are swapped over a glass. But when a whole year is unexpectedly added to this icy existence, the records must start to wear, a little and the stories to get a bit thin. This is just what has happened. These 11 men are members of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey,. which, since the beginning of 1944, has been undertaking sci- entific rescarch and survey work in the most isolated region of the Colonial Empire. This particular team, stationed at Stonington Island, Marguerite Bay, Southwest Graham Land, is the most south- erly base of the whole survey. It was due to be relieved last March by the survey vessel John Biscoe, but, owing to phenomenal -climatic conditions, the ship was confronted by a vast field of pack-ice which made' any attempt at penGtration impossible. So until the bleak Ant- arctic summer returns and another attempt can be 'made to penetrate the ice, these men at Base E re- main cut off. The type of work which is being garried out by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey is well illus- trated by a sledge journey under- taken a few months ago by four members of this party at Base E. In a trip lasting 90 days, the men covered 940 miles, mapped 250 miles of the coastline, and discov- south as 71 35° that is about 308 miles south of the Antarctic Circle, and one of the tasks accomplished was the elucidation of the geolog- ical formation of King George VI Sound. South of 70 46° the party discovered mountains which were completely snow-free, with many melted streams and lakes, One of the main features of the survey. has been the co-operation between the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. The various base parties have included men from Canada, Australia, New Zea- fand, South Africs and Southern Rhodesia, while i the Falkland Islanders themselves have long been valued members of the survey. Should Be The Time Of Their Lives The time of their young lives will be had at the C.N.E. this year by twenty of Canada's most bril- liant young students. For three days they will be' guests of the Exhibition having been chosen as the best all-round students in their provinces. For many of them it will be their figgt visit- to Toronto. Mrs. Ray Lawson, wife of the Licutenant-Governor is giving a coffee party at Queen's Park in their honour, they are to be given a civic reception by Mayor Me- Callum at the City Hall, be taken on an escorted tour of Toronto and sce Niagara Falls. It is expected they will be offi- cially welcomed to the Exhibition by the president, Cc". K. R. Mar- shall. Also they are to be speakers at a luncheon in their honour, be guests of Patty Conklin in the Midway, then before their return home make recordings of what they have séen for their local radio statiohs. on yd " Entire cost of their travelling is be eo fnnced by the CNLE. [Merry Menagerie By Walt Disney : Wold hgh beret 7-30 haa IR RE > Out in some of the western states the grasshopper plague has reached terrific dimensions, and the end isn't by any means in sight. One nesting areca in Wyoming was re- ported in June with a grasshopper population of 1500 per square yard --and a population of 30 to 200 is considered critical. * * * In that same week hoppers by the million were stripping hay fields and" peach and apricot or- chards over a path two and a half miles wide in eastern' Oregon. A population of two million per acre was estimated in eastern Kansas, with crop losses of as high as 25 per cent. By late June the hoppers in the plains states were growing wings and beginning to move out oi fence rows and covered areas into the fields. * * Ll But even Wyoming's nesting area concentration seemed small com- pared to that found in Nevada by July 1. There a population ranging up to 2500 per square yard was found in 188,000 acres of egg beds. A migratory horde covering 3000 square miles--40 miles wide, 75 miles long--was eating its way out ot Nevada and into northern Cali- fornia and southern Oregon at a rate of two to six miles a day, and the population was from three to fifty adults per square yard over that whole vast area. * * * Quite naturally, all this is fear- some news for farmers of the Plaing and . Mountain States, most of whom remember how grasshoppers completed the ruin begun by heat and drought in the dast bowl of the Nineteen Thirties, when, in some places, the insects were so thick on railroad tracks that loco- motive wheels spun uselessly, Au- tomobile traffic, too, was halted for days in eastern Colorado and west- ern Kansas because roads were solid with the insects. * * * Still living in Kansas and Ne- .braska are people who remember the year 1874, when, in late July and August, grasshoppers winged their way out of the northwest in clouds so thick that they hid the sun for hours and swept much of the states clean of green vegetation. The 'hoppers' special yen for onions, both the green tops and bulbs below the ground, led one Nebraska old-timer to swear that he could smell onion on the breath of a horde of the insects that swept past his door. Hundreds: of settlers were forced to abandon their home- steads that year, and hundreds more would have been driven out had not relief supplies come out of the East. * * * We call them grasshoppers, but actually they're the "locusts" men- tioned in the Bible. Against man's intelligence the hopper pits ite enormous capacity to (1) repro- duce and (2) eat. It is a short- feeler insect with hard teeth and powerfully muscled jaws, capable of biting off and chewing up solid materials with remarkable rapidity. (In 1874, even sweat--soaked pitch- fork handles and saddles were at- tacked.) It has preferences in food --it likes corn and dislikes sorg- hum, for example--but it can eat and digest almost anything, and does so in a plague year. * * * Like all insects, it wears it skel- "'eton on the outside--a marvelous chemical compound called chitin which sheathes the whole of its body. This flexible armor is tre- mendously tough, light and shatter- - proof, and resistant to alkali and acid compounds which would eat the clothing, flesh and bones of man. To it are attached muscles so arranged around catapult-like hind legs as to enable the 'hopper to hop, if 'so diminutive a term can describe so prodigious a leap as ten or twelve feet--about 150 times the length of the one-inch or so run on the harbor bottom. it change to next?" 3 : GF Rh Call THE FARM F Diving Device Will Explore The Deep--A weird-looking appat- atus, the "Benthoscope," is hauled out of the water after a test Inventor of the device, Dr, Otis . Barton plans to probe the mysteries of the deep in the diving | _ bell, which is towed along the ocean floor on three drim-like | arton hopes to reach depth of RONT leng insect. The equivalent feat for a man would be a casual jump, from a standing position, over the Washington Monument, according to a writer in the New York Times. : LB * * Generally speaking, and contrary to appearance, a grasshopper does look before it leaps. Careful ob- servers assert that ordinarily the creature chooses a landing place and judges the distance before it takes off. It does so through com- pound eyes made up of thousands or little 'eyes whose images fuse ito one in the grasshopper's small brain. * * * The eyes are protected by a sheet of transparent chitin through which the 'hopper can see all around itself, front and back, for a distance of several feet. For close work, however, the 'hopper has a set of three simple eyes, very small, one over the base of each feeler and one halfway be- tween the feelers. Through these. it can clearly see objects within a few inches of its face. * * * But a scared grasshopper cer- tainly does not look before # leaps. As a matter of fact, it can't see as far as it can jump--and it jumps as far as it can when scared. It seeks to mitigate the danger of this blind leaping by never jumping twice successively in the same di- reotion; the leaps follow a zigzag pattern. Even so, it often jumps directly into some. fatal snare--a spider web, a bird's beak, a pool of water. * * * In the fall the female 'hopper seeks out # well-packed well-drain- ed spot in the earth and thrust into it the pointed tip of her abdomen. She bores down, employing four hard prongs which can press to- gether or spread out, like the ex- panding reamer used by well-dig- gers. Thus she can pack the soil against the sides of the hole being bored, without bringing any loose dirt to the surface, When she can go down no farther, she lays two or three dozen tiny eggs each tan- colored, cucumber - shaped, and covered with wet glue. * x x In the spring the eggs--those not eaten by maggots, skunks, and so on--hatch out baby grasshop- pers, which skip the caterplllac stage common to most insects. Each infant, clad in a transparent hatching skin which considerably hampers its movement, - climbs painfully out of the hole, shrugs off the filmy envelope, and promptly begins to eat. It grows at a rather terrifying rate until its inner self is severely cramped by its outer shell, at which point it sheds its chitin surface and grows a new and larger one. It does this six times on the average during the next several weeks, developing wing- stubs on the fourth molt, half-grown wings at the fifth and full-grown one at the. sixth or adult stage. * * * - Which should be about enough regarding grasshoppers for now-- except to add the sincere hope that - they never get a notion to tuen east, and come heading thls way in thelr billions, Stairs Here's to the man who inivented stairs And taught our feet to soar! He was the flrst who ever burst Into a second floor. The world would be downstaics today : Had he not found the kay; So let his name go down to fame, . Whatever it may be. . ow Hod Herford Cs $38 SLATE Py Ia ph IIE he Combine Combines Operations--This machine is the latest idea in speeding up the harvesting of big wheat crops. A standard automatic twine-tying baler was joined with a combine to do several jobs at once. With the arrangement, a two-man crew can cut the ripe wheat, thresh it, bag it, and bale the leftover wheat straw in one continuous operation. At the left an automati- cally twine-tied bale is shown ready to drop from the baling chamber. Terry, The Fox By Richard Hill Wilkinson "You can't fool an old fox like Terry Oakes," Anse Actell was say- ing. "Not even if you're the smart- est bank robber and gangster in the country." He chuckled, re- flecting on the story he was about "to tell. "Glenville was pretty well wrought up that summer. In June, government agents came through, warning all the small town banks in the countryside to be on the lookout, and advising what to do. Duke Insabato and a couple of his henchmen, driven from their haunts in the large cities by a concentrated effort of local and federal agents who were dead set on bringing an end to the current wave of crime, were hiding out in the sticks and whiling away the time by staging spectacular daylight hold-ups of small town banks. "The trouble was that no one knew where the varmints would strike next. Duke Insabato was smart. He understood small towns because he was brought up in one, and he chose as the object of hls pilfering banks that were pretty well isolated and unprotected. "June passed and part of July. Gradually the fear of Glenville cliti- zens began to subside. . Only one other small town bank had been held up, and that more than 150 miles away. . The depositors who had withdrawn their accounts re- established them. "Terry Oakes, the trust company president, didn't gloat. He was an old-timer at the game and he un- derstood human nature. Early in June he'd had some signs printed and hung around the lobby of the bank. Such things as "Save for Your Old Age,' 'Deposit With Us and 'Your Money Will Be Safe.' The citizens smiled a little. Torry was trying to reassure them, One other sign was printed and inserted behind the glass in the front door. This, too, amused them, but I didn't annoy them any. "On July 15 the quietude of Glen- ville's main street was abruptly and harshly interrupted. A high-pow- ered black sedan suddenly ap- peared at the town's south entranee, roared down on the bank and came to an abrupt halt. Loungers in + a a. front of the general store jerked erect. Tliree men had leaped from the car. Two of them, one carrying a machine gun, ran toward the bank. The third stayed on the curb, a second machine gun nestling In his arm. "The loungers, pop-eyed and frightened, watched in stupid fas- cination. To their utter astonish- ment they saw the two bandits turn at the bank door without en- tering, rush back to the car, pile into it and drive away. "It all happened within seconds. For a moment or two, the loungers sat transfixed. Then of one accord they leaped up, raced across the street and entered the bank, Terry Oakes was talking on the telephone. He hung up and smiled at them. ""I'wo to one,' he said calmly, 'Sheriff Iron picks up Duke and his gang at Jepson Corners. I just 'phoned him." He looked from one pop-eyed. citizen to another." 'No harm done, boys. They didn't even get in.' "'But, why didn't they?.. What happened?' "Terry grinned broadly. 'Duke Insabato knows small towns. He was a small-town boy himself, That is why he picked this hour to do his hold-upping. Right after lunch. "'That"s where 1 {ooled him.' Terry paused to chuckle and glance toward the front door. 'It's lucky Duke knows small towns. Other- wise he might not have taken any stock in my sign." "The bewildered citizens turned toward it and read. They were a little dazed, and not quick to under- stand. . "The sign read: 'Bank closed. Out (1 to lunch. Return in one hour'. Helpful Hints For Homemakers | When knitting elbows in children's sweaters, use double yarn. This will double the wear of the sweater. * * '. . A convenient hat rack for the men- folk may be made on the inside of a closet door. Stretch two wires par- allel and horizontal, across the door, ust far enough apart so the crown of the hat will fit easily between. Fasten the wires to the door with scrow eyés. To insert the hat, sip brim under the wires. * * * * We keep a medical record book for each of our children. When one Is ill we keep a record of his symp- toms, temperature, diet, and other pertinent factors. This enables us to answer the doctor's questions accurately, and to make not of his comments and prescriptions. The book goes along when the children have thelr medical examinations. * Plan for your child's next party by taking snapshots of the children you will Invite. Mount these on place cards attached to the party candy- cups. These take-home favours will please the small guests and sur- prise thelr mothers, «x * Make useful name tapes by typing or writing with permanent ink on white hot-iron tape, such as Bondex. A 10-cent 30-inch package of type will make about five dozen. labels if the name is short enough to write across the 1%4-inch width. Labels can be ironed on garments. Working To Music That "Working To Music" is a modern idea was a statement put forward recently, when, upon a screen, employees were shown per- forming their tasks to the accom- paniment of radios provided by the management. But, to those who have lived in Africa, this statement is a mistake, writes Lester Arthur in The Christian Science Monitor. In the streets of any African city, on any working day, the strains of musical voices can be heard from the most unexpected places; for, to the African native, "working to music" ig as old as are all the other customs which have come down to him through the ages, whose origins are lost in the dim avenues of the past. * * L True, the modern idea is machine- made music, while that of the Afrl- can is of his own making--weird and strange as is all native music-- but, on every occasion where man- ual work is to be accomplished, the strains of native voices blended in perfect harmony accompanies. it as surely as night follows day. The road-menders sing as they ply their picks and shovels--the men who cut the long grass which in this - luscious soil grows so~quickly on each side if the roads -- it is all one which job they are on; they just "work to music." For this is the custom of the native in his home, and those who have migrated to the cities have brought the custom with them-- bringing with it into the hot arid streets a breath of cool green veld, of deep hillkopjes, and lonely kraals sot on blue hillsides. For each song of the native pedple has its own particular meaning, typifying some event of their daily lives. Onersong will tell of dawn break- ing over the purple kopjes, of fire smoke rising from small mushroom- shaped huts as the sun comes up. Of little brown picannins playing in the sunshine, of wives who cook the mealie-meal in the three-legged iron pots. . + * The African natives have evolved thelr own idea of "working to music"; and the procedure is always the same, be it work with pick or shovel or with any other imple- ment. Should they be breaking up a road, the fall of pick and shovel is as regularly timed as the tramp of marching feet. The first note of a chant is sound- ed by a leader--the melody is takea up by the gang as they raise their picks--and, on the last note of the chant, the picks some down in per- fect unison. Should the dragging of a heavy load be their objective, the same procedure is adopted; each man waits for the note of the leader, then the concerted rhythm, and the final note for the "pull." * * * If the passer-by has ears to hear, he will realize that the native sing- ers suit their songs to the moods of nature. In the gold of an African sunlit day, the songs are gay and happy. They tell of dances and feasting, of weddings and rejoicings, and of those daily events which come to all, whatever their race or color, On days when the skies are gray and lowering, when the mist hides the gold and veils the blue of an African day, their songs contain in their chanting all the sadness of the African people. They speak of their sorrow when the crops have failed and when want and hunger stalk abroad amang their people; of the days when the locusts came and left the smiling green lands bare and brown. In these low sad chants are the rain and the mists that settle in the hearts of the African natives when the sunlight is hidden, for they are a sun-loving people. But, rain or shine, gray skies or" blue, the gangs of African natives "work to music." For this idea is not a modern one, but as old as the deep blue hills which are the herl- tage of the African people. "A Way of Life" The day of a man's salvation is now;--the life of the present, of today, lived earnestly, intently without a forward-looking thought, is the only insurance for the future , . prayer . . . you need no other. . Begin the day with Christ, and His Creedless, with it you have relligion; creed-stuffed it will leaven any theological dough in which you stick. The quiet life in daytight compartments will help you to bear your own and other's burdens with a light heart . . . Life is astraight plain business, but the way is clear, blazed for you by generations of strong men, into whose labours you enter and whose ideals must be your inspiration." --From an address dellvered by Sir Willlam Osler to the undergraduates of Yale Universality, 1918, Three Of A Kind--Gipsy Lad's Missy, a registered jersey cows displays motherly concern as Jack Shepherd looks over her one- day-old triplets. The birth of triplets is a rarity in bovine circles, and Missy's feeling justifiably proud. EIT ToEITe = ointer THIS I$ EASY... JUST ON TRIMMING UNTIL AL fathoms (1800 ft.). i Silla ou ad aed alld