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2--THE PORT PERRY STAR, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 11th, 1954 passport to prosperity-- a job slip. All Roads North With that they can obtain other For Wood Cutters clothes & articles 'they need from the Company canteen or store and pay for it when they have money coming to | The pulpwood cutters 'are packing their "turkeys" and heading for the bush now, _;- Within the next month, them. A good many of the woods workers' good y then the heavy evening meal, This almost 10, 000 men--and some women --will be engaged by the paper and have small farms of their own which ave, usually 'features two or three kinds Jumber companies for winter bush they opeyate in the summer months, Their economy is based on the fact of meat many vegetables and three operations. The estimate is based on reports to the Ontario. Department of that they can earn "real cash" in the kinds of -pie, cookies and other sweets. woods during the winter. ost camps also leave a table set for Lands and Forests from its district offices. Between meals and snacks, the cook is up from 4 a.m, until nearly mid- night, There must be a substantial breakfast around 7 a.m. or earlier, a snack in midmorning, a lunch, usually packed for the men to take with them, another snack in mid-afternoon and late before-bed lunch, With the full co-operation of the De- partment of Lands and Forests all companies. operate safety programs and conservation projects. The' men are taught to save wood by cutting trees as close to the ground as possible to reduce stump waste. Some offer bonuses for special care taken by the cutters. Men are taught to drop their trees clear of smaller trees to prevent injuring the future crop. How much can they earn? A skill- ed pulpwood cutter who really wants to pile up a bankroll can earn as much as $20 a day in a good stand of timber, Unskilled men usually are put on a day rate until they themselves know they can make more on piece work. Out of their earnings, of course, must come their room and board. For some time it was generaly $1.26 a day; now it's up around $2.00, It's in the board 'and room depart- ment that the bush worker really gains, Thirty years ago, lumber camps were notoriously uncomfortable, dirty, overcrowded. The picture has changed. Most companies now have camps which permit two men to have the relative privacy of a cubicle' Their laundry is taken care of. The camps have two-way radio communication with the outside . Mail deliveries are frequent 'and there are movie and other entertainment programs regular- ly. Medical attention is provided. Perhaps the greatest advance of all has been in food. It is claimed that no worker in the world eats as well as the Canadian bush worker. This is indicated by the "weight rate" of men in camps. Practically all of them gain at least 10 pounds in the first month through the combination of hard work and fresh air. The cook is one of the highest paid men in. the bush, particularly the "good" cook, and most of these culin- ary experts have their own following. Camps pay premium wages to keep such cooks, knowing that if the cook quits some .of the best workers are likey to go along wth him, There's a routine, a ritual, a tradi- tion connected with bush work. True, many city men take to the woods and the camps every year, But the back- bone of the business, say company of- ficials, are the men who, year after year, return, some of them bring theif sons and even their grandsons with them. Even though there has been a ter- rific change in wood cutting opera- tions over the past 2b years, there are hundreds of old-timers who, because of vast experience, can more than keep up with the younger men with less effort. * What happens in northern commun- ities as the time approaches for the bush workers to return to the camps? They stream into Nort Bay and Sud- bury and a score of other centres, Most of- them are broke or nearly so. They "carry all their belongings in the "turkey" which may be a pack- sack, a potato bag or a cardboard suit- case. You'll see the handle of a light bush axe protruding from the con- tainer. Don't touch that axe unless you're looking for trouble for it's one of the old timer's most prized posses- sion! Some carry the Swede Saw, their second main tool. There are others, hundreds of others who have only the clothes they are wearing. The "company" will take care of them once they arrive for work, just as it always has done. They land in the 'nearest town, visit the ran company agent and he gives them a Conducting i Wildlife Research Algonquin Park--On a 80 square nile tract of bush and water here, the Department of Lands and Forests of Ontario is conducting wildlife re- search under conditions which are al- most fred of human interference. Work in this outdoor laboratory, which is closed to public travel, cent- res around the Wildlife Research Sta- tion on Lake Sasajewun. Here, bio- logists are studying the birds and mammals which are an important part of the economy of the Province's for- ested regions. Such research would not be possible in many. regions where hunting, trapping and an environment changed by farming and logging have affected populations of many species of animals, This summer, when animal activity was at its peak, biology and forestry students from Ontario universities as- gisted in many field investigations which are supported each year by the Department and the Ontario Research Council. Diseases and parasites which a|affect wild animals are studied by the staff of thé Department of Parasito- logy. "Some of the research," says Dist- rict Forester Douglas N. Omand, "is directed towards a better understand- ing of the factors affecting the smal- ler birds and mammals which consume enormous quantities -of plant seeds and insects and, in turn, are the food of the larger animals, Most of the work, however is centred around those mammals which provide 8 means of livelihood for trappers or are the.ob- jects of sport of the hunters who in- vade the bush every fall, ; "Two important fur-bearers, the beaver and the marten, are being studied. Both have been seriously reduced in numbers in other parts of tech Province at various times. By live-trapping, marking and releasing the animals, research workers are able to obtain information on reproduction, population densities: "With, an 'adequate knowledge of plan effective management procedures that will ensure a continuing source of income for the trappers of Ontario. "Tlie ruffed grouse, considered by many sportsmen to be one of the fin- est upland game birds, has been the subject of intensive research, Studies by biologists have contributed to the shelter requirements of grouse, "Algonquin Park's "deer also have received their share of attention and many of the management practices now- in effect throughout the Province resulted from work by big game bio- logists at this research station. A current project is an attempt to as- sess the effects of winter conditions on deer distribution, The results of this work may explain why deer are ubsent from regions that -appear to be suitable for their successful exist. ence." INTERMEDIATE . . . FS ~ s 6 RT PERRY L G. s AS 'Memorial Gardens PORT PERR Bat SRN A a ng NE SI Game Time 8.30 p.m. Admission Adults 500. . Children 28e. seasonal and annual movements and these factors, biologists are able to]. better understanding of the food and Community Hospital, garet (Mrs. Edward Oyler). on Friday-at 2 pm. Grove Cemetery. COATES, Leslie -- At Port Perry on Tuesday, November 9th, 1964, Leslie Coates, be- loved husband of the late Mary Ann Brent, and father of. Robert and Mar- Resting at "the 'Chapel of A. L. McDermott, Port Perry, for service Interment Pine The last letters written by Marquis de Montcalm and his Plains of Abra- ham vanquisher, General Wolfe, are preserved in the Public Archieves in Ottawa. : XXX Canadian pipelines transported a re- cord 88,480,000 barrels of ofl in the first six months of 1964. XXX made; in Canada in 1062. ' Trip 1 to Sweden a in store for Joe Tran, 37, of Claremont, Ont; ras result of his victory in Canadian championship competition for Esso Silver Plow, held by Ontario Plowmen's Association at Ballantrae, Ont. He and runnerup, Ivan McLaughlin, '50, of Stouffville, Ont., will travel to Sweden next year as guests of Imperial Oil to compete against plowmen from othér countries in the third annual world championship' plowing match." More than a million golf balls were Sporting Life Spans The fencer, who can count on over B2 years of participation, has the longest active life in his sport of any athlete. Jockeys stay in the sad- dle an estimated 22 years, the base- ball player keeps going for some 18 seasons while the table tennis player lasts for 16 years. These figures, appearing in the Canadian Medical Association Jour- 'nal, were taken from a study of nearly 5,000 per- sons. participating in 12 different popular sports in Japan, The re- searchers found that field athletes, Witke rugby. play- ers, have the shortest professional life--8 years. Swimmers are next with 814 years. In view of the increasing impor- tance placed on sports, the Cana- dian Journal stated, the medical pro- . fession has taken some notice of the sportsman in relation to health. This, however, is one of the few studies published about the life span and health of the athlete. The researchers a}so examined the reasons why athletes retire, finding "that decline in physical fitness' euts off the careers of most wrestlers and . jockeys but is unimportant in retir- ing tennis players and. fencers. Ac- tual disease forced the retirement of 20 par cent of Japanese athletes, the survey showed, with tubercu- ~losis striking nearly one of every 10 in the group. Injuries were the most important factor in stopping cyclists (22 per i cent) and football players (10 per _ 'cent)7 Wrestlers were not much af~ fected by the injury factor, a finding which suggests, according to the Journal, that Japanese wrestling fa a lot less brutal than the variety shown. to American TV spectetors. dh snowdrifts J all sizes. - "tlear pavement. Come in today and let us equip your rear wheels with famous B.F.Goodrich ' - "TRAILMAKERS". 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