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~~ No Bathing At The Village Pump In Campana, a little hamlet in interior Panama, a sign was recently placed close by the village pump. In informal trans- lation it reads, "Attention. Co- operate with hygiene. Da not wash your feet nor bathe babies here. « . Hilarious though this may sound to the average American reader, it is no laughing matter to the writer, He considers. it a milestone of progress for Panama, Just a few years ago, the people of Campana would have thought nothing of washing their feet and bathing their babies in the village well or at the pump. A few more years back, they did not have a pump. From the days of Columbus up until recently, the villagers had gone to the nearby river for bathing and to obtain water for drink- ing and cooking. One of the commonest sights in interior Panama today is that of women and children (never men!) trudging along the side of the road carrying water. Usu- ally it is in five-gallon tin cans balanced on their heads. Infre- quently it is in a small contain- er. Never is it in a pail. In some 20 years in Panama, the writer has never seen anyone carrying water in a pail. The great desire of every in- terior village is to have a pump for water. Few have it. Wells. cost 'money, which Panama's interior villages don't have. Only through the intervention of the -{ national government are wells sunk and pumps provided in rural Panama, ~ Panama's present President, Ernesto de la Guardia, Jr.,: has provided in the current budget for sinking some 200 wells throughout the provinces away from the capital city. Providing water for small communities may help solve one of Panama's problems: poor dis- tribution. Its farmers are almost nomadic. Instead of closely: knit communities, the people of Pa- nama are sprinkled over its hills and coastal plains as if thrown at random by a giant hand. With no eencentration of pu- pils, it is impossible to establish schools. For the same reason that prospective clientele are widely scattered, stores are unable to operate. There is simply no com- munity life in such regions: It seems to be a case of every fa- mily for itself as it seeks to scrape out a mere subsistence ' centered in a thatched roof hut --homemade from free native materials -- which shelters the family from rain and sun' and offers little else writes Ralph K. Skinner in The Christian Science Monitor, Lack of communication, trans- portation, and centralization pre- vents the setting up of marketing facilities which could bring in cash for the farmer. Many of Panama's farmers don't handle $25 cash in a whole year. While village pumps may not rectify this situation overnight, - it is thought that in the course of time the women may force a a move toward uniting groups of «+ families in vjllages where water, good clean convenient water, is available throughout the year. Because of the nature of the countryside, the rivers here are plentiful and rapid. During the nine months of the rainy sea- son they are swollen and be- come saturated with mud from ripping their banks. The water is thus not. appetizing to drink or any 'aid to washing clothes, Engineers point out that Pa- nama could have hydroelectric power in any desired: quantity by development of these rivers. They are not so used. Instead they serve as a source of drink- ing water for natives, as drink- ing troughs for cattle and horses, as public bathing spots, and as laundry tubs for Panama's in- terior citizenry. The rocks along the river are the washboards on which clothes are pounded to cleantiness. Each. village pump that is in- stalled will save hundreds of hours daily in trips to the river but the amount of increased productivity resulting might L. well be balanced on the point of a pin--a small pin. That is because the modes of living, the attitude of thought, must also be changed. It will require a superior job of "selling" to con- vince the Panamanian campesino (country dweller) that the hours saved walking to the river could be employed profitably in some other direction, It is not true that the people of Panama are impervious to thange. But impatient North Americans may consider them so when they try to introduce new concepts, especially concerning work or new uses for spare time. Frustrating have been re- cent attempts to teach the in- terior farmer to break away from his centuries-old agricul- tural system. He still plants by thrusting a sharpened stick into the ground; throwing some seed into the hole, pushing the dirt back with his toe, and tamping it down with his heel. Point Four 'and the concerted efforts of an enlightened hand- ful of his countrymen have made little effect on the over-all pat- tern. Yet the little islands of change amid the vast sea of tradition indicate that improve- ment is possible. Against such a background, the village pump in Campana and its sign, indicating develop- ment of cleanliness and the idea of regard for one's neighbors in sharing community facilities are helpful notes of progress. Hats' off to an improved thought -- no feet or babies to be bathed sD Lh Fen 10 CB FR ORL BET gr) ] Prt TRUCK DUMP--Dump trucks are a common transportation. aid, but they've turned things around where this "truck dumper" has been installed. For ease of unloading, huge trailer trucks are driven onto the steel platform, which is then raised like the span of a drawbridge, spilling hte cargoes of grain into a conveyor in a pit below the device. The innovation is part of the new Cargill Incorporated grain elevator from which grain is shipped. THEFARM FRONT 4 John Russell i ze § my' In some rural areas the goose is called the poor man's hired hand, 'But since wealthy plan- tation owners of the South, cot- ton growers and pecan orchard- ists in Texas, and nursery, truck and strawberry growers in many states have taken so en- thusiastically to the goose as a most reliable "grasser," a more accurate term for this modern field worker might be the "no- pay" hired hand. } A goose will waddle down the furrows and strip the ground clean. of crab grass, Johnson grass, fox tail, and most weeds and not touch any of the crop plants. Geese cannot work all crops but have been successful- ly used in potatoes, corn, sugar cane, sugar beets, strawberries; asparagus, young orchards and nursery plantings. : . ° . When the inner spring and airfoam mattress factories-ended the: homemade feather-bed era, farmers. looked askance at thelr flocks of geese. ~But, Fred Cer- vinka, who operites; one of the largest goose farn® jin the Mid- west, the Heart Yof Missourl Poultry Farm at Columbia, Mo., says the goose has made a spec- tacular comeback. L] -9 L] "We sell geese by the thou- sands, to work as weeders in flelds and we could rent them by the hundreds of thousands if we just had them. In fact, I don't know of a more promising bus- expensive motorized machinery taking the place of men, horses and mules, But the fact that a $3 goose can do a better job on the weeds in a half, acre of cot-" ton than a day laborer is as- tounding. ae L] LJ LJ One of Mr. Cervinka's custom- ers who keeps records says he found that 3 men and 200" geese did the weeding on a hundred - acres of cotton which had re- quired 15 men the season be- fore. Furthermore, the goose- weeded fields were much clean- er than those weeded by hand --so much so, that the cotton was graded higher at harvesting time, writes Hallie M, Borrow in The Christian 'Science Monitor. Ld Ld LJ The" geese spread fertilizer and eat some insects. They never stand leaning on their hoe handles, complaining of the weather, wages or rising cost of living. They belong to no union and work by neither sun or clock--they seem to enjoy nib- bling on bright moonlight nights. They do not sing along the rows as the Negro hoers used to, but they do quack! CI . Of course there are some pre- "cautions to take. Geese must be well watered and it the trough is at the other end of the field, you may be sure the geese will start toward the water, pulling grass en route. There be a man to look after the water and feed the geese as the "pick- 2 be obtained from the London manufacturer who had supplied them for years. A goose farmery at New Haven, Conn, has now added the quill pen to his goose business and he supplied the court with 1,500 quill pens at 15 cents. A city boy and a country lad were walking down a street. Coming toward them was a pro- duct of the beauty parlor--per- manent wave, scarlet fingernalls, drug store complexion and gaudy lipstick, 'Now what do you think of that?' asked the city boy. The farm boy looked carefully and observed: 'Speaking as. a farmer, I should say that it must have been pretty poor soil to re- quire so much top dressing. a Fa Driver at the Bar The Travelers Insurance Sony panies' valuable annual analys of circumstances surrounding fatal highway accidents has been out some time, But it is not too late to deduce lessons from ita findings. As In previous years, its statistical tables point am accusing finger inexorably at the driver. An endeavors to show that inanimate factors should share much of the blame fade in; the light of the figures. Ought we to blame the wea- ther? Almost nine-tenths of fatal accidents in 1956 occurred in clear weather, The road? Over 80 per cent of such accl- dents took place on dry sold and 75 per cent on straigh stretches. Might the difficulty lie with inexperience ? Almost 07 per cent of the drivers involved in such mishaps had operated a car for a year or more. (But the inexperience of youth -- yes. Drivers under 25 years old are inolved in twice as many fatal accidents as their numbers war= rant.) . Mechanical failures on the part of the cars? Over 96 per cent of the cars were apparently In good condition. ' To what extent, then, can the 1956 fatality toll be Jaid at the door of things the drivers could have chosen to do or not to do? In 43.5 per cent of the accidents one or both of the drivers were exceeding the speed limit. The 'Travlers has never attempted "to reduce drinking or drunken- ness factors to statistics, al- though it strongly admonishes never to drink and drive. But there is some significance in these findings: As high a per- centage of fatal accidents (8.4) occurred between midnight and one In the morning as the aver- _ age of the afternoon rush hours between four and six when many times more cars are on the road. 'Mr. Driver, you might as well face it.- It's up to you. --From The Christian Science Monitor, INDAY SCHOO SON By Rev. R. Barclay Warren B.A, B.D. © Amos, Crusader for Righteous- ness (Temperance Lesson) |! Amos 1:1; 6:4-7; 7:10-15. i Memory Selection: Seek §g and not evil, that ye may Il Amos 5:14. | AE Would Amos be received better today? We doubt it. had no training in the school the prophets. He was a {i who thought he had a mess from God. He spoke out b against the oppression of poor. He pointed to the trick in business as selling subs dard merchandise and falsify the balances. He deplored desecration of the sabbath the selfish ease and indulge of the people. They drank wl in bowls. Amos said that cause the people persisted their sin they would be carrl into captivity and the house their king cut off. No won the prlest said, "The land is able to bear all his words." bade Amos to go back to Jud and prophesy no more in Isra The predictions of Amos we fulfilled. Canadians are drinking win in bowls, too. Many of them a starting it in the teens under so- clal pressure. My seventeen. year-old cousin recently sald goodbye to her missionary pap- ents in Indla and returned 9 Canada by freighter to Ci her gucation. She had refus the indomicating beverages pouge ed at the meals for all the othe at the captain's table. At last farewell party the walteg insisted on pouring a little her-glass for the toast. But Ru toasted with water Instead. lady said {n disdain, "Well, w a fine sport you are!" Ru flushed. A 'senior officer spo up, "That's all right, Ruth admire you for your princlpl and if you have never touch it, don't start -now." Fred Charrington of a weal family of brewers saw a poor clad woman with little childrems enter a public house in Londoa and call to her husband, "OM, Tom, do glve. me money; the children are crying for bread." The door swung open, the m came out and with a viole blow knocked the woman in the tter. This was one of hun. reds of public houses in family. That evening he his father that ho was giving all shares in the brewery. * blow that knocked a poor woe man down has knocked mé ouf of the business.' Fred turned back on ease to undo the wo of strong drink. His East Lone don Mission has witnessed t conversion of hundreds drunkards. The only thing that "keep. some families from having phone of their own is a teena daughter. at the village pump! iness than 'rental geese, al- in's" get thinner. Since dogs Upsidedown to Prevent Peeking ib though let me add it is not for and predators can create havoc, " A self-made 'successful busi- an inexperienced operator. the fields must be fenced. IAIN 3 [O'NVII BN EIN ness man, attracted by a crowd - "But. most of the farmers After the goose is through as dos IV] 13 BMI o/H on the beach, runs over to dis- needing geese as weeders do not a weeder, usually it is faftened S|L3[3]Y|LISEAINVL cover that his wife is being re- care to carry on a goose busi- | and marketed. There also is a 9ININ[S N[n vived. She has been caught in ness, too. They would prefer to market for down stripped from 3 i dala OA INL iE] an undertow, : rent the geese for the few the pelts. FOOT u 3a] 1 IMBR3 5 v1 1S BE 'What on earth are you doing months they are needed. But . . . TROUBLE--More than two fect of trouble for the U.S. NOMEN no to her?" asks the husband. they are rather desperate, as Then the goose is he main Army is what the tape measure shows. Pfc, John Ano, 23, is ' g ! a Did S|Y WHA HOPPEN?--Clere Scardigno 'We're giving her artificial most rural hand laborers have | source for quills for pens tradi- having trouble being fitted by the Army. In fact, after a year dE LI TOWIS IM] 319 is all confused by ihe -aeriol respiration, of course," replies the gone to the cities and it isn't al- tionally used by justices of the of service he still hasn't been fitted with the 16 AAA brogans Qiao 11(S 317 § v well-qualified first-aider. "| ways possible to import Mexi- Supreme Court of the United or the 17% socks he wears. Ano is pictured at Letterman d(v avi Alv[d[d spaghetti that has landed on pp : h : / p we 9 idecksida dn iNow. York 'Artificial, at a time like this! cans. States. The supply of quills Army Hospital, where the Army is trying to solve his problems. JINIOLL VIA OM [aIN[N 5 Foo Socks! of ib- Ridiculous! Give her the real ABR ran out at the end of World War Until they do, he'll be the envy of all GI's with his sandals HIvILEE IY IHL ENI[D Ss he jangle of Binsin thing. I can afford it! Folks are accustomed now to II, and a new supply could not and argyle socks, Co. VIHISERYOId| VISE L349 * 7 confetti shower from an incom- It is not necessary to take a = Ing liner. Clere was waiting to person's advice to make him feel greet an uncle returning from good; all you have to do is ask Italy. j . it. y ~ &. Anlmation 30. Loot y 7. Alternative 31. Fresh-water ¢ # CROSSWORD i ii fick i 9, Wading bird 23. Bewilder 10, Chin. dynasty 34. Beverage ¥ PUZZLE 5 11. Exist 36. Shrimplike 3 4 16. Pulled crustacean - 18. Diplomacy 37. Malediction 5 . "YACRoOSS L1. Amer, 20, Singly 29. Male deer 1. Wages humorist 21, Loathe 40. Timia 4. Flavor DOWN 22. So. Amer, 41, Pedal diglt 9. Urlal 1. Large animal 42, Transgression , 12. Congealed 2. Shield 23. Sign of fire 43. Endeavor water 3. 8hrines 24. After song 44. Underatand d 2. In that pisce 4, Wander 25. IBating car 47. Note of the - FH Viscous black 6. Nautical hall 27. Burns ~ scale Soh Haguld yo 6. Confection [ \ 7. Expiate 3 10. Beseech x 20, Helipry . 11. Narrow city street 23. Made sleeX 26. Forced alr upon 5 27. Two-year- 3 old salmon £8. Jumbled type 29. Possesses 2 30. Flower - 31. Conquered 32. Mystic Hindu word * be A 3 * ys s 3 ' ) La ss a. Reverage SEEING IS BELIEVING -- A cow that roller skates? A pooch that struts about like a human #5. Rendered by nd drinks from the bottle? Here's photographic proof these things do happen. The roller 10, Sneing ating bossy, Lady Linda, above, churns along a sidewalk on her homemade roller skates. S 42, Thorough- + Lady Linda's owner, Doc (Peg) Ford, spent 18 months teaching her to skate, Doc, who gels \ £ i In what way around pretty well himself on [ust one leg, says the free-wheeling Guernsey enjoys her un- ho y 48. --Howe, ° sual means of locomotion. Brownie, left, &@ pooch of undetermined origin, probably doesnt J] inrentor p p 5 4 Native metal now what the expression a "dog's life" means. All dressed up for a meming §troll, Brownts ¥: $0. ME. chat Answer elsewhere on this page. takes time out for a cool drink, supplied by her master, :