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•MM ».->..<*....- -v w • ??* From Illinou :?&• ifp*i nil manqjuyuii r, HEW , - iP 1 : X r» mi pfcas/5 7f."• J jr'; ^ 'Wr *» r?/ •, '»>'• i 1*5,% .l. ;.. '-/1c *-C? >~,^>V » ' JK^ mv.ta jajV" orm/a&i&aK •m HAT is the most tamqus n<nu%\.- ,.. tain In all the world? Plke*" '>*' Peak, in all probability. Whyf > " Because about 8,000,000 peopl|| from all quarters of the glo&fl^-'-" have ascended t# Its 14,100 foe* yv' f summit. * ' - . Pikes Peak celebrated tha, - ' one hundredth ^pniversary of ltg - ' first ascent the other day. was a notable event, in that tt# ^ of th»>•• T itain in a way epitomises the progress Although Lieut. Zebulon M. Pike, U. S. A., the |lntnepld explorer, first discovered Pikes Peak in he never scaled the mountain, saving tha was impossible for a human being. But Dr. |Bdwln James, a member of the expedition of >r Long, In 1820, accomplished the feat [ajor Long, In honor of James' accomplishment, the peak "James' Peak," but as early a* |1840 trappers and plainsmen named It "Pike* and Fremont put it so on the map. In 1878 a bridle path was built; a wagon to the summit was built in 1880 and In 1891 cog wheel .railroad, nine miles long, was >uilt. The weather bureau established a station |OB the summit. 'In 1910 the present automobile id was built at a cost of $800,000, after two of construction work. This road Is eighteen long, rises 6,695 feet In that distance, has •rerage grade of seven per cent and a maxlgrade of 10% per cent, with 42 per cent the line in curves. It Is twenty feet wide as wide as fifty feet. Ifc April, 1919, a government war tank atjted to climb the peak over the automoblll iway, but broker down in the deep snow drift I did not make a second attempt. A mont i iter a caterpillar, used for artillery haullni ;, the summit without difficulty. August 3, |l91$ an airplane, piloted by Alexander Lendrum Oolorado Springs made a successful trip over Summit of the peak. This brings us to date. Now man Is reforestthe lower slopes of toe famous peak. But first a word about the first ascent. Dr. fames was only 23 years old at the time. Starting Council Bluffs, the explorers reached what now Colorado City July 12, 1820. July 13 he with four men for the top. The lata lerick S. Dellenbavgh, a member of several »vernment expeditions In the west; wtote thla the climb of Dr. James: "About noon they came to the Boiling Spring, present well-known spring of Manltou, which Ives name to the stream of which It forms a hoorce. This beautiful spring was of great interto James and they had their lunch beside It. [Through its. crystal waters could be seen on the )ttom the offerings of beads and trinketa by Indians. "The night of the 13th, James and Ida eon* Ipanloos spent In a most uncomfortable place, and the next morning started early with the hope string the round journey before dark. About the timber line, 11,720 feet, was reached by 4 o'clock they stood on the mighty sunlit, 14,108 feet above the sea and 8,000 feet above lie plains, and could see on the east the prairie melting Into the limitless distance, while the other hand spread away a broad chaos Ot canyons, valleys, fading into the depths of iaknewn wilderness. Vast clouds of grasswere flying over the peak, sometimes se as almost to obscure the light. "After half an hour on the majestic summit, now ' by a prosaic railway, the descent began, their course, they failed to reach the cuiap the previous night and were forced to sleep it with no food or shelter or comfort of any ; not after all ao awful as it sounds. As as light cape in the morning they continued reached their camp, only to find it ablaz#; fire had spread and consumed everything a few scraps of food, on which tha? lly breakfasted." The American Forestry Association of Washton estimates that out of the 160 million odd teres of national forests there are seven and a ilf million acres in need of planting or seeding to re-establish tree growth. The yearly loss to nation in forest products from lands suited: [»ly lor the production of timber and now idle t* id to be $65,000,000. No large sums have been jlfically appropriated by congress to reforest the denuded lands within the national forests, so lat the acreage planted each year lias been noiaiit and the work of an experimental character. In frfrtiy the areas in tha . national forests whecf -4- -- JPQdD UP&BZZE&UT* planting la to be carried on, extremes * tlons have been sought so that this early, restricted reforestation would In the years to come serve to point the way to carrying out more extensive operations. One of the areas chosen lies upon the slopes of Pikes Peak and Includes the fire-denuded portions of those watersheds from which several towns, including Colorado Springs and Manltou, secure municipal water. A reconnaissance study has shown there are twelve or fourteen thousand acres from which the forest growth was swept by fire in the early days before the growing demand for water brought realization of the high value of tree growth as a water conserver.. In addition to the forest products which can be produced from the lands and the value of the tree growth as a water conserver, there Is the high value of establishing trees eventually to heal the ghastly fire scars upon the mountain slope, as Colorado Springs and Manltou, two cities closely related to each other, represent one of the greatest tourist centers In the West today. The conditions of the locality were severe for planting. The uneven distribution of moisture, high dry winds oft spring and summer and also In winter when the temperatures are low, the lade of Soil over much of the area and the movement of the soil on the steeper slopes made up these difficulties. The soil, composed of large particles of gravel, comes from the decomposition of coarsegrained granite which forms the mountain masses of the Pikes Peak group. ^ Study of the reforestation problems upon Pikes Peak was made by W. J. Gardner. This Study was very complete and weighed the difficulties to be overcome in successfully establishing tree growth upon the barren slopes. One "'tery Interesting point brought out In this study was the date of the fires which devastated such large areas In the vicinity of Colorado Springs. From the age of the young tree growth and the •cars upon trees Injured by fire and yet not killed, Mr. Gardner determined that a greater part of the area devastated had been swept by a conflagration of a series of fires between the year 1850 and 1853. This date is Interesting as It shows the time which has elapsed since the destruction of the forest growth and how slow must be the re- . turn of forest growth to such lands by natural means. In short, the high demand for all waterflow from the area and the recreational use then being made and that which can be expected In the near future, combined with the value and use of all forest products grown upon this potential forest land so Immediately accessible, justified not waiting for natural reproduction but establishing such growth by artificial means. Believing it best to produce the trees under the same conditions In which they were to be planted, two nursery locations were chosen high on the big mountain, the land cleared, shade frames erected and seed sown. Then 50,000 yellow pine seedlings were brought In from western Nebraska and planted In Clementine Oulch, about two and a half miles from one of the nursery sites. There are no records to show what weather conditions prevailed at the time or followed this planting. A careful search over the area in the fall of 1907 resulted in the discovery of bnt one seedling alive. The reason for this practically total failure , was given as largely due to the fact that seedlings Raised at Halsey were notable to withstand the jradden change to the higher altitude. It was proved later that seedlings of any sizes or from any other localities with markedly different climatic conditions were not strong enough to survive the rigorous conditions found here; that. In fact. It would take transplants of the more • 'vigorous type to produce results. These experiments showed that while there was some advantage in growing the plants under the same -conditions in wfhich they srould be set out, many points which would offset this advantage would be catted In having the nursery located at a town altitude where more vigorous plants could he produced In the longer growing season and the trees be dug and placed upon the planting areas as soon as weather conditions made spring field planting possible. The monument nursery site Vas chosen and developed in the spring of 1907 as a result of the two years' experience with the other two small sites. The monument site has proved satisfactory and Is now producing the large amount of yellow pine, Douglas fir and Engelmann spruce, and the small amount of limber pine now being planted nearly upon Pikes Peak. After field planting, farther seedlings of Douglas fir were brought in and planted in the Bear Creek region with a little better success, as this small planting showed thirty-five per cent alive. Of this field planting, a study was made and a map completed showing the extent of the types which should be planted with the different species of trees which grow originally upon the area. The first experiments were made at the lower altitudes with yellow* pine and Douglas fir. In the more recent years the production of Engelmann spruce and limber pine for the high planting types has been taken up. The low percentage of survival In the earlier plantings showed the need of the most vigorous transplants that could £a produced, and this was secured in the twoone plant, as leaving the tree two years in the seed bed gave a plant readily handled in transplanting, while the one year in the transplant had produced a well developed tree with a clustered root system made up of fine rootlets of much greater area than that of tree crown or evaporating surface. Some 4,575 acres have Jieen planted on the Pike national forest, for the most part In the Oolorado Springs region and In the vicinity of the famous auto highway to the top of Pikes Peak. An additional thousand acres Is also being reforested In this vicinity. Fully eighty-five per cent of the area which has been artificially planted to pines and spruces can be considered as successfully stocked with trees. Such losses as have occurred are due principally to the planting of Austrian pine, a species which is here out of its habitat. While fall planting may succeed in regions where there are early and abundant snows, such conditions cannot be depended upon along the eastern slopes of the Rocky mountains. The principal species planted are yellow pine on the lower foothills, which In turn gives way to Douglas fir and Engelmann spruce on the higher slopes^llmber pine being used for windy, exposed regies. The trees are planted eight by eight feet or about 700 an acre, and the average cost of planting. Including the cost of producing the trees at the nursery, is approximately $11 Rn acre, which Is considered moderate when the ragged and rocky region in which the reforestation work is being carried on is considered. Generally speaking, it may be said that the annual survival of trees varies from 60 to 90 per cent. There was little public Interest In the work at first The slow growth of the trees and the slight showing each year had much to do with tills lack of enthusiasm on the part of the public. In fact. In the early plantings, complaint was made (though scrupulous care was taken to guard against it) that in planting these watersheds the presence of camps for the planters would pollute the water of the cities using it for a municipal supply. One prominent citizen spoke with ridicule of the project, claiming It was absurd to spend the people's money for reforestation above an altitude of 7,000 feet because above this altitude the growth was so slow that such plantings could never be of value. Now that the trees show well over the plantations, there Is hearty approval for what has been accomplished. So It seems that the millions of those who have seen Pikes Peak may not know the old fellow when next they .make the trip, for ha will have a new face some day. (A lU*. VdUra Nowapaper tJikm.) ' ade for Human Progress ireeof the All-Important Things That Concerned the Welfare of the , Race. •« ' TM&tng o*br the progress Jhat the liuman race has made during the ages, re have come to the conclusion that |t is all founded on the discovery three things, namely, fire, the aafi the wheel. Maybe it doesn't matter at all about this, but it is a pleasant mental recreation to think back on how things started. When that far-away ancestor of ours was sitting,' millions of years ago. In the dusk o4 an evening rattling two sticks together to keep time to a song he had maee, and sparks of flame suddenly leaped from the sticks la hia hands, and fire wai discovered, you would better believe that something was started then. Take fire away from us now, and what could we do jttbout anything? At another time, certainly many thousands of year ago, when that old Phoenician who was paddling along on a log on a river or a quiet estuary of the sea, stuck his wolf skin shirt on a stick in the log and found that then the wind carried him along without any paddling whatever, something was started then, too. And whoever it was. and whenever it was. that some old Roman or other kind of blunderer, hewed off the end of a log. punched a hole in the middle of it. and found out that he had a wheel, something else again was started. And upon these three tilings--fire, the sail and- the wheel--it seems to as that we have bullded about everything in the way of progress that we can boast of today. MA-k ft&i -i'i r,lfe % ! * - • * has no rest.--Bui ww. Chicago.--The Democratic state central committee at a meeting here resolved itself into a state convention and ratified the selection of presidential electors chosen at the state convention at Springfield May 10. The ratification was necessary because the supreme court ruled against the 1919 primary law. Candidates indorsed by the General Alumnae association of the University of Illinois were nominated for trustees of the Institution. They are Mrs. Anth^ B. Kelley of Shelbyville, Mrs. Viola J. Rendleman of Cairo and Harry C. Coffeen of Chicago. Retiring Democrats on the board are: Robert F. Carr, Chicago, president, and Robert R. Ward of Benton. Neither would consent to run again. Springfield.--If the mines are In continuous operation November 15, the fines Imposed on the miners who went on the illegal strike of August, 1919, may be remitted. Otherwise steps looking to their collection will be taken by the operators. This message was delivered by Stephen Sullivan, executive board member, to the presidents of all the local unions In this sub-district. The matter has been long In contention and this Is the first definite statement given out by the operators which shows any yielding on their part. These fines are the ones from the August (1919) strike. Palatine.--Charging that $6,000 of the village funds of this city have been illegally expended. Henry A. Pohlman sued to enjoin C. De Witt Taylor, president of the board, and ten other defendants from making further expenditures. The bill alleges that fol- . lowing the defeat of a $10,000 bond is- PRue the defendants tncurred large obligations against the village. The bill aaks that the defendants be ordered to pay back any sums, if any, which have been illegally paid out. Springfield.--Some counties of Illinois will have a reduction in wheat acreage of fully a third next year, according to reports received by the extension department of the University of Illinois. A marked Increase in alfalfa acreage Is seen, as is also an Increase In the amount of sweet clover seed to be sown. Pike county reports an abundant apple crop this year, the fruit being of good quality, and carload shipments are anticipated. Savanna.--A Rock Island firm has been awarded the contract to construct buildings, lay 16 miles of railroad track and do other construction work at the government proving grounds here, to cost about g2.200.000, An Immense ammunition ftorage building and a bin 230 feet long and 1,630 feet wide for the storage of nitrate are Included among the buildings. Springfield.--Fire losses In Illinois for August aggregated $1,534,738 caused by 902 fires, according to the monthly report of State Fire Marshal John G. Gamber. This is a decrease as compared with the same month last year of $485,206 but an Increase over July, 1920, of $238,502. Lightning caused the largest loss from a single known cause. Urbana.--Proprietors of student lodging houses In the University of Illinois district face charges of profiteering and the stigma of classification as rent hogs. The accusation Is directed against a large number of residents of Urbana and Champaign, who, It is said, are charging exorbitant rates. The average rent charged far each room is $30. Evanston.--Starting at 6 p. m, December 16, and ending 24 hours after, more than 500 coeds, members of the Pan-Hellenic union of Northwestern university, will refrain from speaking or even whispering. It Is part of the Initiation rites for the freshmen classes. . Rock Island.--Rode Island's park commissioners have under consideration the sale of' Lincoln park to Augustana college. The city will order a referendum vote, in order to decide the question. Chicago.--Voters at the November election will decide whether the GOward - law, with one instead of two ldermen from each word. Is to be adopted In Chicago. Aledo.--The Mercer county fair drew larger crowds than In any previous year. One day there were 18,000 paid admissions, beating the record by 6,000. Rock Island.--Strenuous effort* are being made hers to organise a chamber of commence. The entire city la being canvassed for members. Lambert.--One hundred and fifty pounds of 60 per cent dynamite was stolen from warehouses of the Aetna Explosives company here. Savanna.--Civil war soldiers and sailors of Carroll county will hold their annual reunion at Savanna on October 6. Decatur.--Mrs. loan J. Bender of this city was elected natlonil president of the W. R. C. in Indianapolis. Springfield.--The Illinois chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Illinois Historical society are proposing to mark Illinois roads which Abraham Lincoln and bis associates journeyed when they went from court to court in 1847. Seventeen counties take In the circuit, which Includes the cities of Decatur, Champaign. Danville, Bioomington, Tremont and Springfield. Taylorvllle.--Thomas J. Downey, mayor of Taylorvllle. former sheriff of Christian county and one-time postmaster of Pana, is dead at his home. Springfield.--Proposed advances in heating service rates in Aurora and Quincy, advanced gas rates in East St. Louis, Belleville. Edwardsvllle and Colllnsville and advanced electric power rates in Amingdon, Knoxvllle, Prairie City and St. Augustine were sused by the public service commission ontll January. Kankakee.--An anidentlfled negro, believed to be from Chicago Heights, was shot to death by a posse which had surrounded him after he had been caught robbing a rasirttnca near Bonat Rockvme of etiquette caused of 12 women for jury duty when they appeared in the Parke county court In full evening dress. Court attaches and bench warm* frs found when the jurywomen ^*ere sworn that it was not a social function, but a regular court procedure under the new regime of woman suffrage and equal rights. Five of the Jurywomen were excused by Judge Daniels when they told the court they were too busy canning fruit and doing other household work to serve. One jurywoman was challenged for cause when one of the dressed-up attorneys recalled he had been employed In a case In which her father had been interested. But a woman spectator was called to take her place in the jury box, and the case went to trial with 12 women to hear the evidence and return a verdict. Chicago.--A campaign to enlist 300,- 000 or more renters in the Chicago Tenants' Protective league, so a large representation may go before the next legislature and demand better housing laws, has been inaugurated. The Chicago real estate board has announced that a commltte from the league will be Included In its investigating council. "Because homes cost around $12,- 000," said E. F. Hammond, league secretary, "landlords rer.llze the average family cannot build, and they keep boosting the rent. Even renting agents compel people to pay them $25 before they sign the lease. Our aim is to Investigate, ask landlords to co-operate with us and furnish legal aid."* Jacksonville.--Despite the tremendous Increase In the number of automobiles, they are still stealing horses throughout the country, and there Is yet need of an organization to protect the owners. A large attendance Is looked for at the annual conventions of the Illinois Anti-Horse Thief association and the National Anti-Horse Thief association in Jacksonville October 7 and 8. These organizations date back to the '50s, when the activities of horse thieves were at their height. Springfield.--Two hundred and three cases of diphtheria, of which 172 are confined to Chicago, are being treated in Illinois at the present time, according to the official medical report, these cases each have been recorded from Leylen township, Cook county, Alton, Moline and Greysville. One hundred and thirteen residents are suffering from scarlet fever, the report Indicates, of which 75 are, in Chicago. Smallpox claims 28 victims; three in Chicago. Aledo.--Myrtle Bond, nineteen, of Galesburg, and Quentin Sherman of Aledo are under arrest In connection with the recent killing of Robert Swearingen by unknown persons, who made good their escape. The Galesburg girl refused to make any statement, hut her conversation before her arrest indicated that she was possessed of inside information about the mysterious shooting. Springfield.---Sangamon county mast raise approximately $879,000 In tuns in order to conduct Its business properly during the coming year, the board of supervisors has decided. This Is slightly less than the levy fixed last year, due to a larger return in fees. The annual estimate of expense for the coming year was placed at $399,- 393. Carllnvllle.--Several schools In Macoupin county are greatly overcrowded, according to reports to the county superintendent At Greenridge school, where there are 29 pupils, chairs have been Installed to accommodate the overflow, and still there are as many children turned away as there are In attendance, It Is said. Rockford.--As a final means of enforcing a more strict observance of the automobile laws, fines are now being levied on motorists hajed before the local court for Infractions of the law. Heretofore, violators were usually let off with a reprimand. Recently 39 motorists were brought before the court and fined. Watseka.--News has been received here of the death In San Francisco, Cal., of Eugene Morris, former politician and assistant attorney general of Illinois from 1913 to 1917. Mr. Morris was thirty-five years of age. He was attorney for one of the northern districts of Illinois at one time. Camp Grant.--Announcement was received that the war department has appropriated an additional $40,000 for the educational and recreational schools here. The sum will be used for teachers' salaries and in obtaining a collection of textbooks. Washington, D. C.--Hearings on increased intrastate passenger rates In Illinois were set by the Interstate commerce commission for October lL Brlefs must be filed by both the state commission and the carriers before October 9. Kankakee.--Three Kankake^ native sons ran for governor this year In three states, all on the Republican ticket. They are Len Small In Illinois, Harry,Hanna In Santa Fe, N. M., and Edward T. Coman in Washington. Virginia.--An organization known as the Cass County Radio association has been formed hers. Greenfield.--Royal Prince the Sixth, a noted Spotted Poland China boar, was sold at a Greenfield sale to Fred L. Obenchain, founder of the National Spotted Poland China Record association, now the secretary of the association with offices In Indianapolis, Ind., for $12,750. The board will lead the herd at Obenchain's breeding farm at Balnbridge. Carllnvllle.--The September term at the circuit court IS now In session. A busy docket is awaiting disposition, including a murder trial and the case of the Palmyra bank robbers. Chicago.--So many graduates of universities are seeking business life that announcement is made by Northwestern university school of commerce of the establishment of a graduate division, upon the completion of whick gree of master of business will b* conferred. Carllnvllle.--Miners of \VUsonvilU have solved the perplexing school problem Jay subscribing the necessarj amount themselves for a new school house. Six teachers are required ana their salary will be also paid out of s food contributed by tke mine on, _ fe faf r.- H ^ J " - . „ 6 ffri irfww Hot water $ Sure Relief f v RE LL-ANS Ippor indigestion MAN'S BEST AGE A conn is aa old nafaia organs; be can bo as vigorous and healthy nt 79 as c£ 35 if he aids his organs in < V; performing their functions. vital organs healthy wNh * ,'ki dOLD MEDAL sine* 18N; i tssiady for ttdaajb • ok add troablas i stfanulatM V vital ongaaa. AH dragglsu^ thr*a Cuticura Soap $ \-'M •IS l&EAL For the Hands Saap 25c, Ohtaat 2S aal Sic, Taloss Sc. i' • '-J?® Bel Hjr Tti(in r<li icn 1,1\> ' i l l s ?uv; i l f Yoo cant fed aogood IK but what ^ i will make yen !<< Grace Hotel Hlra. Md CkK* at. •k mm featfe UJft FARM WANTED Win tndt oqr QUmi« Immm m*«* for voo4 layiMM ten*. BalMla* ktt A iptrtmatk «owt > jrn. ttol. I(MB*|M,NlT«tr. Caan vata* jioar Aiao II a^artmailt eeait tm Ma in*. S m old. Mltow pr«--d btMk. |NM) Ml* roof. I»t« lialM. iMfeofiny flaUh. !•> »m« 127,000 rr. cast rala* lllt.tM. ISSS ImamBt ni rnna. upon nmIpi ot row i troaa I win fanriqfe jrov t«U It •up covering operation of _ look* ilk* » awr* shot to par rear and doubt* from thu on. ment will (UtloiUrtT tWMl t* moderate Aaana. Qalck aotton • NOBTRRDP. 1M4H Mtl« St., mssiwcip ruoiM uro MM, ATTKMTION! Opportoatty prodttcoro to ooear* voir proAtaMo < r«pre**attaff hl*h«ot-elM* orans* stow . Mi..rM MM pro.ja ct.-- Flo ri-da.**' mo»t attraettvo off*r. Commanloatloa* oo*> retopraantldenttaL Stat* *xp*r1 Inc.. 194 Mach.- Bids Tomplo Twiawa Waahlaeton. D. u N*w I im»tl DoataMo ftll Wow a *pt*S»» lid tlm* to aoo Haw Tork Stat* Parma. r rated and (rowing eropa Pro* I lat H. A 3(4*1, Walton. Delaware Co.. N*w Tork. "dWlja . Holds you apallbound at Its aaawora. Ml prepaid anywhere In U. 8. oa r*c«lpt ot *1, a*c*nt Bpae. Co.. IMI a Ow«n St.. Chtcanjy £ BCY OHIO FARMS. Wall Improved at II# (ISO, Choice at IHi Sand for Uafe |n Too Much for Him. *7 attended a case tried In a wee<i| ! trn city," says a member ot the bwk "where the defendant was chargef srlth burglary. While the Judge wa|^ lellverlng his charge to the Jury onS »f the jurymen fainted, just as thlfr fudge had Impressively said: "•Gentlemen of the Jnry: In arrl% lng at a decision you must take Intfr consideration the testlmoQr ot tfct witness for the defense and gtvn 9/' full weight.' s. "At the words *fnll weight* the Jvf* man swooned away. He waa a msrcftHQt!"--Exchange. B0CHEFS SYRUP A HarwMsaa Soothing, Healing for Coughs and Co Ida. Here Is s remedy for coughs, cold%, bronchitis, throat Irritation, and esp^ V \ dally for lung troubles, that has boeiit;^' sold all over the civilised world l» r many thousands of households for th» fifty-four years, its merits havn stood this test of time and use, an* •ureiy no test could be more potent •r convincing. It gives the patieut with weak and Inflamed lungs a good night's rest, free from coughing, with easy expectoration in the morning, < Try one bottle, accept no substitute For sale by all druggists and <lealei* la every where.--Ad y# J May Get the Rope. , City Chap--Well done, old Ton sow and I reap the fruits. Farmer--Majbe you will. 1 an lng hemp. •i . Mistake* opportunities tor lng.--Emerson. '•fhi safe ,v !Lv v. '-ife-: HM I, .0^