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MeHENRT tLArtWSAXElt, He] : *v i , j . f o ,-^y :•&*• j?r 9 •j «Sj ri:' & : I, m w*.+p*<- W »**• I. &d2m& l^J23ZA754tt7rCF'2?/J^^ f (/ram flavxfing £y$ar&uBvS/£kx£$on) By JOHN DICKINSON 8HERMAN. ^ I HEN in 1776 the president of tin Second Continental Congress pot hti "John Hancock** to "A Declarattoft by the Representatives of the United States of America in General Congress Assembled" he wrote it so largi and so plain that he then and there gave to the American language a new and enduring synonym. "There!" said the delegate from Massachusetts, "George III will be able to read that without his spec* tacles." And as he touched it up •nd blackened the heavy strokes of the quill $m» Iremarked to his fellow delegates: "But we must be unanimous; there mast be no fcHtfUng different ways. We moat all hang together." "We must Indeed all hang together," replied Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, "or most aa* kuredy we shall all hang separately.'* We Americans of 1921 can read a lot between the lines of these two historic utterances, if we «o a little digging into before-the-Revolutlon American history--enough digging to get a clear Idea of what brought about the Declaration of Independence. And it is every good American's patriotic duty to do that same digging--and do it now. Of course we're not all tarred with the Same brush but--to use more tlme-lionored Amer> icon similes--it's dollars to doughnuts that the average American doesn't know enough to last him across the street about the causes leading op to the Revolution. And as for the Declaration 4t- «elf he couldn'f to save his life tell what half Of It means. This is a bad business in itself and It's especially bad rifht now. For we are going to have a new kind of Fourth , of July celebration in the United States of America. The Fourth has quit being the day of fireworks and casualties. And in the new of Fourth of July celebration the Declaration of In* dependence will come to its own as the crowning touch of public observance, The American Revolution is the greatest stepping-stone in the march at the centuries toward freedom and the Declara* tlon of Independence is its symbol. Though the Declaration of Independence is to icotne back to its own, the new Fourth will not !ba the day when the American Eagle screams and toe orator bawls because Uncle Sam Join XBSSL OFAKEJVCAio ^VCK.-- A fKl. tMNkjLMnMMt)• it MATTED STATES i «• * dviJLI&L MIEu m&tiL /£--•>. wyirf *Jt i'liW /wmJIMI /{at i*ttM y ^ M* i/Cuk iwJiit i£saAa**» M, UU, thtt, fntJCSt* U*.. tL^t, */**• ^ tLtvXj %^ tLxt., -t mtmwJh «*• izic snmxarjTTtsrpjiRrarcw&r&iz ZIRAFT V - !Bull a K O a century and a half ago. ( There are !two reasons for this. One is the World war. John Bull and Undo |Sam now stand shoulder to shoulder in defense of iall that our common race holds dear of poranraai freedom and political ideals. i The otfier is the fact that the Revolution w*g' not a quarrel between two peoples--the Bi^tish ' people and the American people. It was, in Its earlier stages at least, a strife between two different political and economic systems. It was no unrelated event, but formed a part of the history of the race on both continents. There was a British revolution at the same time there was an American Revolution. The British revolution was to regain liberty. The American Revolution was to preserve liberty. On both aides of the rt||f» tic the king's prerogatives were the aim of rw> olutionary attack. Now, as to the many things that may be read . between the lines of what Hancock and Frank' tin said, here's just a hint: Hancock was a rldT merchant. -It was part of the purpose at the British troops at Lexington and Concord to capture Hancock. At that tftne Hancock was respondent in the Admiralty court In suits of the crown to recover nearly half a million dollars as penalties alleged to have been Incurred for violation of the laws of navigation and trade. Hancock had inherited his fortune from his uncle^ Thomas Hancock, who had become wealthy smuggling tea. So it was no more than right that John Hancock should sign his name large and plain to the document which, if made good, would saw Ifripi from financial ruin and give him free commerce with all the world. Benjamin Franklin, publisher, printer, phllo* •^--t^her and statesman, seventy-one years of ag* * the eldest member of congress, was more concerned with the political than with the commercial aspects of the situation. He made a clever Jest, but no man there knew better that there la many a true word spoken in Jest. 8o the truth is that on our side of the oceaa the fundamental causes leading up to the Revolution were both political and economic--and possibly quite as much economic as political. To a|> . rive at the main features of the situation, the following chronology is helpful: ; \ 1760--Accession of George IH. Conquest at Ga# ada by British. 1761--Revival of navigation and trade laws of 1000 and 1668. Issues of "Wilts of Assistance." 1764--Parliament demands that colonies pay part of (WM Incurred during French and Indian war. Colonial assemblies refuse. Parliament asserts right to tax colonies. Issue of "taxation without representation" raised. 1763--Parliament passes "Quartering Act," requiring .colonies to supply quarters for British army of defense. "Stamp Act," putting tax on newspapers, and legal documents. Stamp Act Congress issues "declaration of rights." 1766--Repeal of "Stamp Act." "Declaratory Act" maintains right to tax. 1767--Townsend, British chancellor of exchequer, brings in bill for taxes on tea, glass, wine, oil, paper, lead, etc. * 1768--Non-importation agreement adopted by Boston and spreads to other colonies. Massar chusetts legislature dissolved by George IIL British soldiers quartered in Boston. 1769--Lord North repeals all taxes except en tea, retained for salje of principle. 1773--"Committees of Correspondence" formed to enable colonies to keep In touch. "Boston Tea Party." 1774--"Boston Port Bill," closing Boston to shipping and removing seat of government to Balem. General Gage, commander of British soldiers in Boston, made governor of Massachusetts. "Regulating Act," remodeling charter of Massachusetts. "Quartering Act" "Quebec Act." First Continental Congress at Philadelphia. Massachusetts Provincial Congress meets and calls for 12,000 "Minute Men." 177C--Parliament declares Massachusetts to be In a state of rebellion. Armed clash at Lexington and Concord begins hostilities. Capture of Tlconderoga and Crown Point Battle of Bunker Hill. Siege bf Boston. Canadian expedition under Montgomery. Second Continental Congress at Philadelphia votes to raise army of 20,000 and chooses George Washington commander-in-chief. 1776--Evacuation of Boston by British, accompanied by 1,500 loyalists. Repulse of British fleet and army at Charleston, S. C. Battle of Long iBland and occupation of New York by British. Battle of Trenton. Continental Congress provides for the establishment of state governments - and state conventions adopt constitutions. gress adopts Declaration of Independence. The most casual glance at this skeleton chronology shows it to be literally loaded to the muszle with the eighteenth century equivalent of political and economic TNT. The American Revolution was Inevitable, sooner or later. The marvel is not that it came, but that out of the conditions grew a nation. What a chaos it was! The title to the colonies " was not in the people of England or In the state, but in the crown. The crown could make and repeal laws; could appoint rulers and remove them. The colonists were not citizens of the realm, but (subjects of the crown, having only such rights as granted them In their charters. The crown claimed and exercised the right to amend or revoke these charters. Such rights and no more did the .American colonists have, according to the view of ' the party in England which stood for legal and constitutional prerogatives of the crown. These claims of the crown were resisted by every colony as incompatible with Its essential rights and by the anti-prerogative party in England. Of the thirteen coldhles seven were royal colonies, three charter and three proprietary colonies. Each colony was related to the others only through the crown. All the conditions tended rather to intercolonial hate than love. Find the causes that drove the colonies together and there are the causes of the Revolution. m George »B was. a stickler for the king's prerogatives. One of his first acts in relation to the •colonies was to revive the navigation and trade laws which had been only nominally enforced for a century. As a matter of fact all the colonies Were technically smugglers, in that their evasion of these laws gave them practically free trade. These laws were comprehensive and strict, being designed to give British merchants a monopoly of trade with the colonies and to protect British manufacturers against colonial competition. Warships were now placed along the coast to stop the colonial trade with France and Spain and their West Indian colonies. The "Writs of Assistance" were general search warrants given to customs officials to enable them to break Into and search any premises at any time. James Otis, the faraoup Boston lawyer, opposed the right of the British government to issue the writs or even to pass an act of trade imposing a tax on the colonies. John Adams said of Otis* celebrated speech: "It breathed into this nation the breath Of life." Undoubtedly this situation was one of tte contributing causes of the Revolution. Then King George demanded that the colonies pay the expense of a British army of about 20,- 000 men to be quartered In America to protect the colonies against the Indians. The colonies suspected the purpose of this army and would have none of It. Here was the beginning of real trouble a little late?. The "Boston Tea Party" was a serious affair, not in Itself, but because parliament immediately took measures to punish Boston and Massa? chusetts. The closing of the port of Boston, the removal of the seat of government to Salem, the appointment of General Gage as governor of Massachusetts and the remodeling of the charter of Massachusetts constituted a warning to all the colonies that free government was In Imminent danger everywhere. On top of this came the act providing that British ofllcers or magistrates charged with murder or other capital crime s^oqld be tried in some other colony or In England; the act billeting soldiers on people who failed voluntarily to provide quarters and the act extending the boundaries of Quebec to the Ohio river and establishing an arbitrary form of government This cumulation of activities on the part of the ' crown seems to have convinced the colonies that their only salvation lay in getting together for united action. So the First Continental Congress met This congress was merely deliberative and advisory; it issued a declaration of rights; it formed an association for carrying out the nonimportation agreement; it forwarded a petition to the king and set out an address to the colonies; it provided for another congress to meet In 1775. Still there was no open discussion of (hdependence. It was Massachusetts which finally set off the powder barrel. General Gage summoned the provincial congress to meet in Salem, but put off the date of assembling. The delegates met without him and his counsellors. They provided for the appointment of a committee of safety and Issued a call for 12,000 "Minute Men." Parliament then declared Massachusetts to be In a state of rebellion. Next was the expedition out of Boston to seize powder and to arrest the two chief "traitors". Then came the "shots heard "round the world" and bloodshed. The light was on. And still there was no open movement for Independence until after u year of bloody lighting. It was not until June 7, 1776, in the Second Continental Congress, that Virginia's instructed delegate, Richard Henry Lee, introduced the resolution beginning, "That these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and Independent states--" The Declaration of Independence, as drafted by Thomas Jefferson with the aid of John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston and amended by congress, consists of two principal parts: A statement of American political theories in Justification of independence and a list of abuses by King George m that had operated to absolve the united colonies from all allegiance to the British crown. The facts herein set forth make clear most qf the abuses as outlined In the Declaration. * \f4 >' - 'Wt* A-.-* Are You Human? # i t , hi '. air*. little baty. A little chili Don't they appeal to Doesn't heart yeam to pick them tip, to cuddle them close to yot£ to shield thea ifirom all harm? sure it does else you're not human. Being human you love 'them. Their very helplessness makes you reach out in all your strength to aid them* In health there's no flower so.beautiful. In jjp pight go black. if"!'" •--!-vV Save them then. Use every precaution. Take no chance* Md. When sickness comes, as sickness will, remember it's just a baby, just j j and if the Physician isn't at hand don't try some remedy that y&r may have around the house for your own use. , Fletcher's Castoria was made especially for babies' ills and you can um fcwith perfect safety as any doctor will tell you. Keep it in the house. Children Cry For fet Content* 15TlinAHwll ALCOHOL-3 PBR.C2^J sirmS^thelbod byfe^UThcreby Promoting J Ca»erftatoessamdH^CQirtriJJ neither Opiam.Mon>toew* | IfineraL Not Mahcotb' v " WSfggx »_ a resulting ttgttfrowMnW"11'/- . Do the People Know? ^ ; Do you know why you are asked to call for Fletcher's Castori* when you want a child's remedy; why you must insist on Fletcher's? For years we have been explaining how the popularity of Fletcher's Castoria has brought out innumerable imitations, substitutes and counterfeits. To protect the babies: to shield the homes and in defense *t generations to come we appeal to the better judgment of parents to insist on having Fletcher's Castoria when in need of a child's medicine. And remember above aU things that a child's medicine is ipade for children--a medicine prepared for grown-ups is not interchangeable. A baby's food for a baby. And# baby's medicine is just as essential for the baby. The Castoria Recipe (it's on every wrapper) has been prepared by the same hands in the same manner for so many years that the signature of Chas.'H, Fletcher and perfection in the product are synonymous. •OTHERS SHOULD READ THE BOOKLET THAT IS AROUND EVERY BOTTLE OP f LETCHER'S CASTOMA SKNUINE CASTORIA always # - '*1 • v^' Bears the Signature of Exact Gopy of Wrapper. THI CINTAUK COMPANY, Nl* YORK OtTY. 4- Leather Flower*. Painted leather boutonnlerea that cttrry the art of artificiality to the utmost limit are the latest craze of fash, ion. These floral bouquets are veritable works of art, being carried out In colored suede or leather, tinted to reproduce the color of the flowers they profess to Imitate. A bunch of Neapolitan violets, made of fine scented Russian leather, dyed a delicate tone of pale mauve, with soft green leaves, produced a veritable triumph of art, as did a pink rose fashioned of crushed morocco that was destined to adorn the lapel of a severely cut bine serge coat. This new fad Is a very costly one, as the flowers are all handmade by a clever artist, who keeps the mystery of her craft a profound secret. ADMITTED HE HAD NO HEART CUSTOMS FIFTY YEARS A60 >na us would say to-day, "I Dentifrice, i never have to?" Who amorij never use Yet Fifty years ago, odd as it may seem, not one person in 1,000 used a Dentifrice--1 or even a tooth brush. So to-day, after more than 30 yean of persistent publicity of Allen's Foot-Ease, the Antiseptic Powder for the Feet, not many well-turned-out people care to confess, "You know I never have to oae*a Powder for the Feet! 'h- More than One Million five hundred thousand pounds of Powder for the Feet were used by our Army and Navy during the war. The reason is this: Incasing and confining the feet in Leather or Canvas Shoes is bound to create friction, more or less. Allen's Foot=Ease removes the friction from the shoes, and freshens the feet. It is this friction which causes smarting, callouses, corns and bunions. You know what friction does to your motor-car axle. Winnot remove it from your footwear by Shaking into your Shoes to-day, Allen's Foot = Eaf>e, the cleanly, wholesome, healing. Antiseptic powder? Get the habit, u million* now have it. Truly Moving Situation When Woman Forced Her Partner to Confeaa to Sorrowful ; "Have you no heart?" The wo mail's eyes dimmed as if tears were on the horizon of her hopes. She had paled perceptibly, and the man read the menage In her liquid" orbs, "Have yon no heart?" The appeal left him cold, and the burly man shrugged his shoulders nonchalantly. With a grim look he shook his head slightly. At the negative movement the woman's eyes stared helplessly Into space and something akin to a sigh escaped her dainty lips. No heart! And she had foolishly believed that he possessed one I She felt crushed! With a despairing gesture ahe watched the others take the trick. Whist is an absorbing garnet Discriminating Lightning. Picked up bodily from a group at.' five Btudents by a novel bolt of light*: nlng while standing in a Dlckinsoa cok lege dormitory, Charles Murkei, s freshman of Mill hall, was hurled j en feet across a room. Others 4 feel the shock.--Carlisle eeewim--l'T•••& ence Baltimore News. V - _ -iH?'-•?*;• Both Divorced. d "I call the Blanks the cream of dety.* "Well, they've both been through separator." • i Lines to Be Remembered. A Write It on your heart that • day Is the best day In the year. No man has ever learned anything rightly until be knows that every da# la Doomsday.--R. W. Emerson. A Hot One. Dnbbleigh--"Don't you think society la a bit of a bore?" Miss Keen-- "Your society, Mr. Dubbleigh." The Wifely Training. "So you've graduated from college?" "Yes, Blr." "Studied abroad, too?" "Yes, sir." "Consider yourself now fltfrly well able to get along and adapt jKnuwelf In any kind of society?" "1 believe so." "That's what 1 used to think, but 1 lived to discover this: no matter how many college degrees a man earns nor how carefully his parents muy have trained him when he gets married there's always a lot that his wife Mill thinks it necessary to teach him."-- Detroit Free Press. Had" It on Bible Authority Woman Mly Proved Contention as la ftoriod Levlteo Oave^^ •£.i. Tabernacle Service. *, •bout i month before Dean Stanly died he was at a dinner at Lord Selborne's, former lord chancellor of Kng- Und. The dean said: "I feel I am getting old," Miss Macaulay. The sister of UlB historian, asked him what he had to giro up on account of his age. The dean laughed, and replied: "Not much as yet, except evening parties." Lord Selborne remarked: "I also am getting old; I will never take office again." Miss Macaulay observed that the Levi tea used to give up active work at the age of fifty, and Lord Selborne asked where she found tMt lfiforrpatton. "Where should I get It except from my Bible r was the answer. "f never noticed it In the Bible. Do you remember the fact Stanly?" the lord chancellor said. The dean shook his head and owned he did not remember it either. Miss Macaulay said no more, but she announced a few daya later that she had found thevpassage, and sent it to both Lord Selborne and the dean. The passage Is Numbers 8:2S-- And from the age of fifty years they thereof [of the tabernacle] and shall serve no more." igfeaU mm waMw wea Indian Name of Quaint Old City. The Indians called a strait "Kebec." and the name was given to the site of the present city of Quebec from the peculiar configuration of the St. Lawrence river at that point, for the river there grows narrow and from ita deep waters rises the bold height on which the ancient city stands. The French-Canadian still pronounces the Watch Cutlcura Improve Your Skin. On rising and retiring gently smear the face with Cutlcura Ointment Wash off Ointment in five minutes with Cutlcura Soap and hot water. It Is wonderful sometimes what Cutlcura will do for poor complexions, dandruff. Itching and red rough hands. No Trespassers Allowed. • One of the wings of the plane bad broken and Its pilot, after crashing through a mass of planking and piaster found himself resting on a concrete surface in utter darkness. "Where am I?" he asked feebly. "You're in my cellar," came an ominous voice out of the blackness. "But I'm watching you."--American Legion Weekly. Are You All Worn Out? Do you suffer daily backache and stabbing pains--feel worn out and di»- piritedf You shouldn't! You want to be well and the best way to get well is to find what is making you feel so badly. You should look, then, to your kidneys. When the kidneys wp Len you suffer backache, rheumatic pains and urinary irregularities; your head aches, you are tired, nervous and depressed. Help the weakened kidneys with Doan't Kidney Pills. Doan't have helped thousands. TheyV. should help you. A»k your neiffhborl An Illinois Case W. F. Gohn, 6% E. S t e p h e n s o n S t , Free port. 111., says: "My back was lame and sore across my k i d n e y s . I t w a s painful to bend and after I had been sitting for awhile I could hardly get up. A friend recommended Doan's Kidney Pills so I bought and used a box of them. They entirely removed the pains from my back and I have had no trouble since." Get Doaa's at Ajqr Store, 60c a Baa DOAN'S "VfJiV POSTER-MILBURN CO* BUFFALO, N. Y. Western CamuH MnMHiMf ateo la great abnadaace, wkfle horaea, cattle, eheep and Mfli 1 profit inn tfunaiecu oc ntzMti • Canada have raised crops Is a Mi so worth more than the whole cost of adrl Healthful chmatSL good nrigfchnrs. schools, rural telephone. « and shipping faclliuea. The offer inducements for almost every agriculture. The advantages for Dairying, Mbtod Paralur and Stock Mill make a tremendous appeal to 1 settlers wishing to improve tb stances. Foe certificate tad to ndscel railway, ratoo.j, literature, mspe.deauiptioaotf ooportuintieamManitoba,Ss» Wchewan. Alberta and 1Mtish Columbia* etc, writs C. I. BROU6MTON. Neo« «tZ. tit W. Mssm St, CMseee, III. t i. M. HacLACHUM. 10 Wmson Avaaaa, Detroit, Mlcfclgaa 'vm No More Misery J I After Eating Just Takmm Am Emtmt§§ - ^ ^ "The first dose of BaMte W *d: * ^4 [ wonders. I take it at mean aMt,-j. r jh no longer bothered with indigqatkM^C writes Mrs. Ellen Harris. <#* Thousands of people, tMa -dea^ !^| lady, gratefully testify about Bntonk^ f $; '• which does Its wonders by taking up ||n and carrying out the exoeaa acidity an<X ,'Xfl -a gases which bring on Indigestion. heartburn, bloating, beWdeg and foodL j repeating. Acid stomacfc also causes t&l about seventy other agft-organu- ailments. Protect yoursetL A big box ^ ; cf Eatonic costs but a Mfle with you* V-.fif.* druggist's guarantiee. - /Hp It Is better to fall out than it Is to be kicked out Of all admiration, the »o«t aHsgrad is ttat lat > fcrava on- PESKY BED-BUGS P.D.Q. P. D.Q.K1H.M] Axtt aal Ttotr Beg* As Watt A X cent Oriet Grows Hair package quart, enough to kill makes one million, and contains a patent spout free, to get them in the h*rd-t3-get-at plaivs. Your Druggist haa It or an get it for you, or mailed prepaid f>n receipt of price by the OWL CHEMICAL WORKS Terre Haute, lad. Genuine P. D. Q. Is never paddled. Whea yea Un MM ; s *«r»--deat ««a OlaheaiteaeA--«tve a Hol tJHT to CHUflff PC MADS. Jt GROWS Hn.tr--ctopa IV"M , kalr ta a Shs applications. II per kattlk i To prove any you may have a Utal ate totoit a month tor M ll»a JUfc.; •rthar Heerta. U West SSrd Stxeet. Hie York. He bald over J* years. Ortrt la, growing Us hatr. Order NOW. P. L Dtvefv * Waahtagtoa Place. N«w York. N. T. WIS THE Kl'SH te eastern Colorado. Wheat M to 40 bo. per acre. Oood Corn and Alfulfa land at !20 to SS0. Some with crop. WESTERN LAND CO . DENVER. COLORADO. .1 1 , 1 a e B t mSmmmmSg. Co-, UlSndgeSt, Newark, CaMla«a>a Petroleum Co.. 111 City H*;.. Vtaaahecot Calif. h-j ua kuMr tessw» - •erative laveetmvtu. tMvtdeaae «sam^ , m. M. U* CHICAGO, MOw tm-.