The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

mmmw PLAINDEALEB, McIIENRT, fott may remember, was stuok In "Mare de Sarcaso" (Sea ©f Weeds) for two weeks ,on his first voyage and his men were so scared that they tried Jo mutiny. And for four centhe mariners of the "Ivorld have avoided It as the 0'Oravpyard of the Atlantic," ifvlth the result that we know hnost nothing about it. It les north and northeast of jiJCuba. It's very large and Vnay hnrp been tncroiigiag OtPT ~ -J* XLTZJTJ ZU&P Scientific Expeditions Would steries Pigs at Age Will Depend Greatly on System of Management Followed on Farms. By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN T IS written that man shall have minion over the beasts of the field, the fowl of the air and the flsh of the sea. Man has fulfilled the first part of the prophecy and is making good on the second. As to the last, man sails his ships over all the Seven Seas, making of them a highway for the commerce of nations. He draws on them for food. Here and there he spans the heights and depths of the ocean floor with an electric wire that defies the limitations of distance and time. Here and there he maps the undiscovered country beneath bis keels. But ever there is war to the death between man and the sea. And of what is in the aea man's ignorance is as abysmal as Its depths. So two ocean-exploring expeditions have attracted nation-wide attention. One, by the federal government, is at this writing waiting for an appropriation by. congress. The other, financed by private funds, Is making ready to sail. The first Is perhaps to be called strictly utilitarian. The second is also a sporting proposition--a sort of scientific lark. The proposed federal government expedition Is recommended by a conference convened by the secretary of the navy, which consisted of representatives of ail the departments and scientific estab-. lisliments of the government and the Carnegie|»» gtltute of Washington. _ r The U. 8. S. Rainbow, which has recently been on service In the Orient, will be fitted out for oceanographlc researches uft<Jer„.the plan as outlined by Lieutenant Commander George E. Brandt, U. S. N., secretary general of the conference. The region of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean sea and neighboring parts of the north Atlantic, extending through the Panama canal into the Pacific, have been selected as the starting point of the expedition. An estimated expenditure of SBT,- 600 would be required at first. With Capt. F. B. Bassett. U. S. N., hydrographer of the navy, as Its president, the conference recommended that research work in ore sinography form a permanent part of naval activities. A national co-operative program of research In Oceanography is the goal seen by the conference. To explore some of the ocean waters that cover five-sevenths of the earth's surface, and exploit food, plant and animal resources in them, and gain scientific, geographic, economic and climatic Information, is the motive that prompts it. The definite objects which the conference had In mind are: discovering, developing and utilizing the resources of the sea; facilitating navigation of the sea and air, and improving communication by radio and submarine cable.; promoting human Welfare through scientific discovery, and the progress of knowledge and safeguarding human life. Work In* the North Pacific and North Atlantic Means would be undertaken at a later time. Among the scientific problems to be taken op ^re: Shapes, contours and depths of ocean basins; tfimporation and rain, fog and snow over sea and land areas; distribution and periodic changes In atmospheric pressures and winds; ocean currents tnd vertical circulation of ocean waters; sea-water chemistry; shifting of shore lines, warping of margins of continents and submarine upheavals and dislocations; nature and composition of sea bottom; previous land connections and changes in existing connections between continents; areas and features of subiutirine volcanism and earthquake movement; sedimentation; light penetration in sea water and Its bearing • n plant and animal life; distribution of the in'ensity of gravity; distribution, relative abundar -e and Inter-relations of various forms of plant and animal life; visibility onto different atmospheric conditions; height, length and velocity of ocean waves and the loca- %roo- vozmD century by century. Probably Its vegetation U fcppt together by ocean currents, which form a glntlc, slow-moving whirlpool. The expedition is sponsored by the New York Zoological society and will be the ninth of its depnrtment of tropical research. It will be led by William Beebe, the famous scientist-explorer. . Even Its steamer, the 2,475-ton Arcturus, >ls a ^4(hip of many fascinations. Henry D. Whiton turns over to the society for a six-months' trip. At litis writing It is at Hoboken, being fitted out In Ifl! sorts of queer ways: weed-proof propellors; Sindows in its sides and bottom; aquarium tanks, ells and cages. In the Sargasso sea a giant scoop -' will be rigged up at its bow. A platform will be IKiilt around the hull for use of the workers. What does the expedition expect or hope to find In the Sargasso sea? Almost anything--and that's pert of the fascination. For there are certainly bc-me exceedingly queer things In the old ocean's depths. Look at the giant Devll-Flsh or Kay bere pictured and estimate its slr.e as it is being Hauled to the deck of the U. S. S. Wright., Lieut. ' Bf. L. Llnsley harpooned it at Bahta Hundred, Panama. • Another picture shows the "largest Sawfish ever , fought." It weighed 5,700 pounds, its captors were F. A. Mitchell-Hodges, an English explorer, and Lady Richmond Brown. It towed the Hodges yacht for five hours after being hooked. Devll- Fish nnd Sawfish are queer enough, but experience shows that the queerness of animal life Increases with the depth. For example, the misshapen fish from three miles deep has an electric light on the end of his fishing pole which serves as bait. And every now and then some dead monster Is thrown op on a beach, the despair of scientists. ' Big-game hunting In the ocean--that's really the ambition of the Beebe expedition. Of course anything of Interest to science will be carefully bagged and tanked or caged. But Beebe and his party are looking for trouble too. They're Just Turin* to tackle monsters of the deep. . And especially do they hope to run afoul of a whopping big Octopus or Squid or Cuttlefish or whatever you choose to call the eight-armed cephalopod that has bulked so large In legend, fiction and fact. There are millions of these creatures in the seas, some of them little tilings -and some of them very large things. The small picture, from the Nature Magazine, shows a little one bunched up. In the center of his tentacles, which bear pump-like "suckers." is his body. In the big ones this body Is a formless mass of tough flesh, with two enormous eyes and a horny beak. He's a man-killer, all right, and when a big one gets hold with his suckers the only way to escape that beak is to <;ut ihe tentacles from the body. When he declines fight lie scuttles off behind a "6moke screen" of black fluid--the "Indian ink" of commerce. He seems to eat almost anything he fancies. And the only things that undertake to eat the big ones are Whales and Sharks. ~ How big are the biggest Octopl? Well, Doctor Beebe says there is a record of an arm 27 feet in length. Indicating an Octopus at least 58 feet •cross. Did you ever read Jules Verne's "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea?" No? Then you have missed something. Yes? Then you'll recognize the old-time picture of the tight between Captain Nemo and the crew of the Nautilus and the giant Octopus. Perhaps you have seen Gustave Dore's drawing illustrating the fight between man «nd Octopus in Victor Hugo's great novel, "Toilers - of the Sea." In "The Cruise of the Cachalot" (fact, not fiction) Frank T. Bullen tells of a combat he saw between a Whale and an Octopiia. He says: "A very large specimen of Whale was locked In deadly conflict with a Cuttlefish, or Squid, almost is large as himself, whose interminable tentacles seemed to enwrap his whole body. The head of the Whale seemed to be In a network of writhing arms--naturally, I suppose, for It appeared that the WThaie had the tail part of the mollusc In Its Jaws and In businesslike way was sawing through Jl By the side of the high," columnar head of the Whale appeared the head of the great Squid, as gwful an object as one could well Imagine even In a fevered dream. Its eyes were remarkable for their size and blackness, which, contrasted with the vivid whiteness of the head, made their appearance more striking. They were at least a foot In i The age at - which to wean pigs largely depends on the system of management followed on each farm. Sows usually will not breed until after the litter is weaned. Therefore, if the practice is that of raising two litters per year It will be necessary to wean the pigs as soon as practicable In order to get the sows bred for farrowing at a proper time in the fall. It is the usual practice when the sow is to raise a fall litter to wean the pigs at eight weeks of age, ; Nurse Litter Longer. 8ou>e breeders are able to Induce the sow to come in heat by keeping her and her litter separated several nights in Succession. In that case the litter can be nursed a greater length of time, but this system can hardly .be recommended because it places a ;double burden on the sow. wheu she should be storing" nutrients within her body for the litter to be farrowed in the fall. Sows that are good milkers and are to be retained in the herd, but are not to be bred for fall farrowing, should be allowed to suckle their pigs till they are ten or eleven weeks of age. The practice of letting the sow wean the pigs usually is not profitable unless_Lhe sow is a good milker because she may do more damage by way of robbing her pigs of feed than benefit by way of furnishing them milk, writes Turner Wright, extension live Atock specialist, South Dakota State college. If the litters have been provided with a creep, abundant feed, and are on good pasture the process of weaning will not work a hardship on either sow or litter because the pigs have learned to depend on other sources of food than that supplied by the mother. On the other hand, if they are on short, unpalatable pasture and look upon the hog trough as a good place to be stepped on, or roughly rooted out of by older pigs while trying to grab an occasional mouthful of slop duriEg the mealtime fracas, under such con (lit Ions weaning will work a hardshipjon them because they have learned^fo depend largely en their mothej^for food. Take Sow From Litter. For three or four days previous to weaning time the sows should receive one-half of the ordinary ration. This wUl cause a decrease in the milk flow. It is usually most satisfactory to take ttan and extent of. fields of statfc *ttl electrostatic disturbances and investigations of otliet forms of atmospheric electricity. Included In the practical results which the conference expects are: Discovery of new fishing banks as aid to food supply; full understanding of climate and developing of better means of predicting weather conditions; solution of weather problems affecting sea and air navigation; knowledge of Iceberg drifts; location of deposits of oil, ores and other economically Important resources, and Improvement of radio communication and reduction of operating cost of radio stations. Specimens of scientific Importance would be transferred to the National museum for study, exchange or other disposition agreed on with the navy. One may read between the lines of the foregoing according to knowledge and experience. Fof example: The Mississippi carries vast quantities • of silt Into the Gulf. Where does that silt go? What relation has It to the volcanic and seismic activities of the region from Mexico to Costa Rlcuf One theory of these activities is that they ai<e caused by leaks made by changes in the floor of the ocean. These leaks let water In on the molten material below and cause readjustments of the crust that extend to the land. Is the weight of the Mississippi mud affecting the balance of the Gulf floor? Again: There are places In the Gulf where oil comes up from the ocean floor. Are there oil pools that can be tapped? Some day In the not* distant future the nations are likely to be hard pressed to feed their increasing millions. In that day they will have to turn to the sea for food. The agricultural and animal resources of the sea greatly exceed those of the land. For one thing, the comparative areas are os 5 to 2. For another, the land farm is on thesurface only, while the sea "farm'* is vertical, layer on layer, depth beyond depth, each teeming with life in a bewildering variety of forms. Man now takes of the animal life of the sea to the value of more than a billion dollars. Some day the vego> table life of the sea will also bulk large in bis food supply. The "deeps" of the ocean--those sreas lying be* low 8,000 fathoms--will be difficult of exploration. There are many of them--about 40 in the Pacific and Indian oceans nnd 20 In the Atlantic, comprising something like 9,000,000 square miles. It the Atlantic the deepest is near Haiti, almost exactly 28,000 feet. There Is one off the Philippines, the Mindanao. 32,113 feet deep. And the other day the Manchu, charting the ' Japanese coast. near Tokyo, let down 6*4 miles of sounding cable without getting bottom. Is that the "leak" whic^ caused the Japanese earthquake? However, "Yankee Ingenuity" apparently refuses to be baffled In Its prying into the secrets of nature. The -United States Navy department is now exploring our ocean floors to the depth of 10.200 feet by means of a sonic depth-finder of more or less secret construction. Easy? Yes, Indeed. You simply explode a bomb under water_ and then translate Into feet the time It takes for the sound to go to the bottom and come back. Dr. H. C. Hayes of the Navy department's experimental station of the bureau of engineering Is the man who worked It out. The other expedition--the scientific lark--Is futt--diameter, and. seen under such conditions, seemed of fascination, even for the unscientific landlub- eerie and hobgoblln-llke. All around the combatber. Why, It's going to tackle that marine m.vs- arts we're numerous sharks, apparently assisting tery of mysteries, the Sargasso sea. Columbus, ^ In the destruction of the huge cephalopod." the sow away from the litter, leaving the litter out on the pasture where they will continue to be under sanitary conditions and surroundings which are conducive to rapid growth and gain in weight. The sow should be placed in a dry pen on scant rations until her udder begins to shrivel and dry up. Some breeders prefer to allow the^ runts to remain with the sow for Sometime longer or to turn the litter with her two or three tlm^s to empty the udder. The latter method no doubt, Is ® good practice If the sow is giving a large amount of milk. How Neglected Orchards Can Made to Produce Neglected and run-down orchards can be restored, in part at least, to normat productiveness. The method of restoration will vary necessarily wjth the condition of the trees and the soil. As a rule, both the trees and the soil need attention, says A. E. Schil letter, extension horticulturist of Clemson college, in a recent statement telling how neglected orchards can be made to stage a productive come-back. Where pruning has been neglected, the trees are usually full of wood which must he thinned out. This will act as a stimulant to more vigorous wood growth and the storing up of reserve food for fruit-bud formation. The pruning should be done from December to March, and should not be too severe. If a large number of branches has to be removed it is preferable to complete the pruning the second year. The cuts should be made close to the main branches and as clean and smooth as possible. The land should be plowed as early as possible in -the spring, but before plowing, a heavy dressing of wellrotted stable manure should be applied. Gardens and Hens "Keep an eye for openings," was the advice given the chick by the old hen. Evidently this hen lived where there was a fairly good fence around the garden, for of all places that a hen wishes to be, the gardi l to her is most attractive. It takes only about one good husky hen to make a wreck of the finest garden. Granting that chick; ens are a nuisance on a place where a garden is kept, the two go well together and make a splendid combination, if that combination is hyphenated by a 0-foot chicken proof fence. Even then it may be necessary to crop un occasional wing. LICE ARE SOURCE OF^ROUBLE WITH DIFFERENT FARM ANIMALS <%>- Seriously Hinder Growth if ot Controlled. LiFipifr#»*"( coifimon source of trouble with youiii; stock and unless kept under control seriously 'hinder growth. Calves Infested with lice do not thrive. To get rid of lice, the quarters must first be thoroughly cleaned and thoroughly disinfected, every crack ami corner, with a r> per cent solution of coal-tar dip. The calves themselves may then be treated by one of the following methods, all of which have been used successfully by Competent herdsmen: "One of the cheapest and most successful methods of combating lice is to brush raw liqseed oil over the infected. parts of the calf every few days."-- Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 96. * . "Washing the calf thoroughly with a 2 to 5 per cent coal tar disinfectant, such as zenoleum or creolin, is effective. yhe washing should be repeated in a week to kill any lice that hatch in the Interval. If washing is done In cold weather, the calves must be rubbed with dry cloths and kept blanketed until dry,"--Illinois Agricultural Experiment Statlcta Circular 202. "A good remedy for lice on calves may be made by steeping for four hours four ounces of larkspur (delphinium) In a gallon of boiling water, then straining and applying the liquid to the affected parts. In winter, if the calves are badly Infested with lice ami It Is too cold to wash them, pyrethrum powder may be used to good advantage. As a rule, however, lice powders are -not as effective as thoroughly washing or dipping the calves with some disinfectant."--Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station Circular 59. "When calves become infested with lice, thorough washing of the entire body with a coal tar disinfectant, such as a 2 or 3 per cent solution of zenoleum, creolin or lysol, is recommended. In the absence of any of these, a mixture of lard, one pound, and kerosene, one-half pint, should be smeared on the body. It Is well to repeat the hath in a week or ten. days to kill lice which hatch In the meantime. In cob! weather care must be taken to dry the calves quickly and thoroughly after washing, to prevent chilling."--Nebraska State Dairymen's Association. When Using the Hose Directing a strcng stream of cold water against a tender growing vegetable or flowering plant, especially when In bloom f.r bud. Is not good Judgment. The cold water chills the plant. The force of the water through a hose often tears the buds and blossoms off. The roots need the water, when the ground Is veryMry. EkPMlACTSfe lean's Coat Handy9 If Not Beautifui feladge Blair Barnwell is urging men fd discard coats and vests in summer. clothe themselves in blouses. When this, reform has been accomplished, they are to take one step farther, and go back to knee breeches and long hose. Then, and then only, their clothing will be beautiful. , Now, listen here, Mrs. Barnwell, If jraiu were a. man, you would know better* ' He reason • «u wears a cost j and vest Is not propriety, as you seem to think. A man has to carry the following: Money, checkbook, letters, cigars, cigarettes. pipe, tobacco, matches, pencil, fountain pen. car tickets, handkerchief, notebook, receipts, business cards, bills, membership cards, railway time tables, postage stamps, a watch, a knife, several keys and several other things. AH be cant carty afl those things In his pants pockets. The coat may not be beautiful, but it's hacdy. Men have got to have something to carry their pockets in.--Detroit News. J Peculiar Ice Block A steam shovel, working on-* new highway,, near Reno, New, uncovered a huge block of Ice under the ground, measuring GO feet In length. 20 feet In width and 10 feet In thickness. It is believed that originally the ice. which is estimated to be about forty years eld, was a Held enow on the . „ '• -• - -ft. "Rfc mountain side above, and was compressed Into its present form by an avalanche of earth, rocks and trees. Liberty The liberty of a people consists In being governed by laws which they have made themselves, under whatsoever form It be ^ of government; the liberty of a private man Is being mat ter of his own time and actions, as fai as may consist with the laws ot God --» of his rniintrv.» t?o»UiT Com Ground Thoroughly Disked Right for Oats Corn ground thoroughly disked In the spring undoubtedly makes the best seed bed for oats. Next to that comes fall-plowed st&bble groun 1, disked In the spring. Like other small grains, oats do best (n a seed bed that Is firm underneath and mellow and fine on top. Though oats are not considered a profitable crop, they or some other small grain are needed as a nurse crop for clover and alfalfa as well as for changing the land. In spite of the fact that oats are not as profitable a crop as corn or even as winter wheat, farmers annually grow about six million acres of them, over half the acreage of corn and about eight times the combined acreage of winter wheat, spring wheat and barley. So long asthis continues it is important to give the oat crop the very best of care and attention possible. To begin with, a good variety should be seeded--one that is known to produce well in' the locality in which it is to be grown. The see*! should be well graded and be free from weeds. Smut infested seed should never be sown, for smut may easily reduce the yield 10 to 20 bush «tai perlttM / Uye straw is not advised for poultry house litter because of the possible presence of ergot. . " * • « - ---. It takes about six pounds of seed corn to plant an acre. This means about sixteen ears for each acre to be planted. • * • Plant legume»but see that the seed is inoculated with the proper bacteria so that nitrogen-gathering nodules will grow on the roots and thus Improve the soil. • • • Rotted wood, such as Is to be found In old woods where fallen trees and old stumps have rotted, is* said to he excellent to scatter to a depth of an li*ch or more in the flower bed. Fewer weeds will grow in soil covered with rotted wood. • • •-- When trimming off the diseased branches of fruit trees it Is wise to keep them from being scattered about the yard, or among the other •fruit trees. The better policy Is to gather them in a basket and take them into a back alley and burn them^ • • • No home, large or small, where there Is a garden space, Is complete without a patch of rhubarb. This vegetable is about the first of the season upd affords a welcome sauce. Later it maybe canned for winter use. Rhubarb stalks can be cut the following season after planting. • • • Every gardener finds, as a rule, that he hasn't quite room enough for all the things he wants to plant. An effective scheme for utilizing all tbe space in a small yard Was noted last summer. Thut la growlug tomatoes against a fence fronting eith«r south LIGHT saves time. TESTS conducted by th« Wisconsin College of Agri-, culture show that it takes on«» third less time to stable anA feed the cows when good light* ing replaces lanterns. Scientific analysis proves Cat* bide-gas lighting to be the nearest to daylight of all artificial illuminante*, Not only doea it save time in thO barn--it saves oculists' bills in th» home, and saves the farm wife hours of drudgery by supplying facilitias for Union Carbide-gas cooking and ironing. Write to the nearest branch far full information on the J. B. Call Carbide-gas system and tbe ve«y favorable terms of sale. 5m> B. COLT COMPANY (mUh*n nwwK brtmehi and largest mtnufacturan of lighting and cooking , in the world Maw YOKK, N.r ja B. 414 SI. aeCMBSTBK, N.T. . . . JI BBctkance St, CmCACrf}, III. . MM Moaaiaock Block KANSAS CITT, MO. . 716 N. Y. Lift* BU«. CHATTANOOGA,Turn. . 6ch & Market So. •AM F*ANCISCO,CAL. . tch le Snanu to, Tomorrow Alrioht MA T*((ta ble •pcriaat. add* tone and vigor to the digestive and e'liminative ayatem. Improves the appetite, relieve* Sick Headache and Bil louaneaa, correct* Constipation. Chips off the Old Block M JUNIORS--Little His One-third the regular dose. Mad* of same ingredients, then candy coated. For children and adults. m SOLD BY YOUR DRU< Beware Of Couglis That Hangs On rnotimonla and serious lung trouble Usually start with a cough. So if jrott have a cold or cough--stop it at onoe ^•Ith a few doses of that fine old medicine, Kemp's Balsam. This famous Balsam soothes the nerves of the throat, stops the tickling cough and nature does the rest. No form of couch pyrup so good for children's eounrluk B0 eents at all stores. For that Cough' KEMPS BALSAM Many of ThHn Do "My niece," eald Mrs. Blunderbj, ."has had a college 'education. Shs speaks several languages quite flippantly." pimples BLOOD impurities are Pimped the heart into the face. That IS what causes that grainy appearanes, that muddiness, sallowness, pimplss, blackheads, acne, red spots, and that imp o s s i b l t "something** which no face cream, massage, or face powder can cover np or beautify I The foundation for a b e a u t i f u l skin ^ simply is not there, and no ISM treatment can give It to you. But increase your redblood- cells,--and quickly the ruby tint of purity begins to glow in the cheeks, the complexion becomes veaus- like and immaculate L Try it. It will do it every time. S. S. S. builds the red-blood-cells yon need for a beautiful complexion. Begin tning S. S. S. at once, and give yourself what you have been working lor, for years. S. &. S. ta aoM «t till *5heWotkfs '({loodA W. N.