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" Pledged but to Truth, to Liberty and Law; No Favors Win us and no Fear Shall Awe." - ,»-*• M'HBNRY, ILLINOIS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1878. ****** jrw jf "• smw# NO. JJeJeDFy Jlunilealer. Published Every Wednesday by J.VAN SLYKE *"• Editor and Publisher. "iui- •- --- "fWliSfc in Riverside .Over Smith, Aldrich & Hay thorn's Store. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: thi« Year, (in Advance,).. "If not Paid within Three .400 iubscriptions received for three or six l la the same proportion. BUSINESS CARDS. H. T. BROWN, M. D. ICIAN and Surjreon. Office Block over F. G. M;iy< McHenry a,!.r in Brick Clothing Store E. A. BEERS M.. D. DHTSICIAH and Surgeon. Office atrcsirtencc, K two doors west of Post Office, McHenry *~~~ O. J. HOWARD, M D. TjMTStClAN and Snrpeon. Office at tfc JT of Howard ft; Son, McHenry, I1L W. H; BUCK, M. D., "rrOMKOPATHIC Phyticlan and Surgeon.-- XI Office East Side Public Square, Wood­ stock, 111. Office hours 11 to 12 A. M., and* to 4 P.M. F. J. BARlilAN. pIGAR Manufactw'v, McHenry IIL VJ tory No. 171. Om«rs solicited. Fac- S. PRICKETT. ATTORNEY AT LAW. MCHENRY. in. Office second story Bishop's new Block. RICHARD BISHOP, A TTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW. j\. McHenry, 111. GEO. A. 1IUCKX.RT TOTARY PUBLIC, Conveyancer hnd Iri- _ surance Agent. Office at Bncklin & itoven's Store, near the Depot, McHenry, III. N°« E. E. RICHARDS. TTAS a complete Abstract ot Titles to land JnL in McHenrv County, Ill'nois. Office with ."taunt? Clerk, Woodstock, 111. ROBT. WRIGHT. Manufacturer of Custom Made Boots and Shoes. Nolie but the best of material ssed ami all work warranted. Shop Northwest •oroer Public Square, McHenry, III. E. M. OWEN. GENERAL Dealer and Manufacturers AKent in Leading Farm Machinery esl< . Leading Fann PHceslow and Terms favorable. MCHENRY. ILLINOIS. GEO. SCIIREINER. SALOON an<l Restaurant. Nearly opposite the Parker House, Mcllenry III. •^First-Class Billiard and Pool Tables. J. BUNSLETT, SALOON and tte«taiinu*t. Nearly OVpoette Owen's Mill, McHenry, 111. FreshOrsterH tarred up ill any shape desired, or tor sale by the Can. 4KTGOOD STABLING FOR HORSES..®* W. W. ELLSWORTH. BREEDER o the Celebrated Magle Ho jr. Also l.iirht .tnd Dark Brahma Fowls. Pisrs *hipped to all points by express. P. O. Ad- ire**, Woodstock, III., > PETER LlilCKEM. REPAIRS Watches, Clocks and Jewelry of all kinds. Also Repairs Violins in the best possible manner, on short notice and at rea- MMUble rates. Also Violins for Sale. Shop drat door North of Riverside Block, McHenry IU. F. KLEIFGEN & SON. CARRIAGE, Wa*on and House Painting done oil Short Notice. All work war ranted. McHenry III., South of the Public Square. Poland China Swine GOOD Pigs for sale that was sired by Boars that took First Premium and Sweep- •takes at State and County Fairs, from $15 to Ci apiece. We are shipping tt> some of the •t oreeders in the country. For particulars Apply to C. STREET & SON; Hebron, 111 WANTED engagement" with permanent , , t with a 4»iergvman having leisure",'«>r a Bible Reader, to introduce in McHenry Countv, the CELE­ BRATED NEW Centennial Edition of the IIOLY BIBLE. For description, notice edi­ torial in last week's issue of this paper. Ad­ dress at once F. L. HORTON & CO., Publish- «in ami Bookbinders, BO E. Market St.. Indian- •polls, Ind. BUSINESS CARDS. tTTAGON Maker. Vt Jobbing) Westjof the Pu PERKINS. McHenry, IIL ptly attended to. ie Square. E. BENNETT, M. D., IURGEON and, Ac-oucher. Disease's of ) Women a Specially. Ofll<-,«and Residence i Clay Street, Woodstock, III. DR. C. W DEs&°.r" cox, the House, N, «. COLBY. IkfcIIENRY, McIlcnry Co., III. Breeder of iVl Spanish M«*rino Sheep, Berkshire and Poland China Swine. A choice lot of young Buck slock for sale. Please call and examine before buying elsewhere. ELECTROPATHY Dr. Samas! Sherman, And Wife will be at their office in Wait McHenrv, near the DvM>ot, in South-east cor­ ner Lansing's Block, three days in each week, Tuesdays, Thursdays and SHtin-days, for the purpose of treating all curable diseases. Con­ sultation Free, Office hours from from 9 A. M., to 4 r. M. J. A. SHERWOOD AUCTIONEER Algonquin, III. SALES of Stock, Farming Tools and Goods of all kinds promptly attended to. Farm sales a spec ia It v. Te nil's reasonable. Post .)ffice address Algonquin 111. W. H. SANFORD, Me re 1 >: 111 t Tailor. In the store of C. H. Dickinson, East Mde of Public Square, WOODSTOCK, ILL. ¥ A stood Stock of Fine Cloths for Suitings al­ ways on hand. Suits made to'order and a fit warranted- Give lue a call. ' ; W. fa. 8ANFOBD. Woodstock 111.,Sept. 27th, 1;*75. M. ENGELN. U U I V - S M I T H |--r Will change mm- zl° ^oai'er8« tooth -4 »m|no and double, If SrfSp to breach loaders. Keeps on hand all kinds of Gnn Ma­ terial. All work warranted. Shop opposite Perry & Martin's Store, McHenrv, 111. . First class H. E. WIN IITM AX, Pfciprictor. ri?;f, >viihor without drivor Teaming of all kinds «t reasonable r.nI.vs. done on short notice.* A. A. RiCE D E N T I S T ttTCH KAHR & JEWELEE, McIIKNltY ILL., Dealer in all kinds ot American and Swiss Watches, Clocks from the best factories in the country. Silver, plated ware, Silver Spoons, Ac., ALSO AGENT FOR THE Weber and Bradbury Pianos AND THE Estey Or^aii I Which we believe to be the best Organ in the market. "We think <v?e ikmow (that by experi­ ence, and we believe itj for it is back'ed np by the Best Musicians in the World. I also sell other Organs at less prices than the Estey, but can't rccconuncnd them to be as good. O. W. OWEN. July 23. Has the permanently located his office at Riverside House, McHenry Ill- wait on all Where he would be pleased to those needing his service*. Full sets of Artilicial Teeth inserted for $8. The price of which has been fit teen and twentv. None but the best of material used •ad satisfaction guaranteed. Partial plates At reasonably low llgurps. Gold and Silver fillings and No Fancy Prices. Special attention paid to the treatment of diseased and spongy gums, ulcerated and Irregular teeth. Would be glad to see persons that have teeth that are not satisfactory. ' , Call and have your teeth examined. Teeth extracted in a careful and skillful manner. Ten years practice in Chicago where he has Siet with some very difficult cases. Gold tillings inserted by an entirely new method, by using gold wire anchors which Kiss partially through the tooth making it lpossible for the tilling ever to loosen. Samples of work seen at the Post Office, Mc­ Henry. JOS. WIEDEMANN --PROPRIETOR OF THE-- Morant anil Boarding House, Near the Depot, McHENRY,- - - ILLINOIS The Choicest Brands of Wines for Medicinal and Family use always on hand. All the ac­ commodation* of aiirst-class Boarding House. Charges Reasonable. 49*Good Stabling for Horses. Scott Sc Co., HATS CAPS & STSAW GOODS WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 192 MADISON STREET COR. FIFTH AVE. And 123 Lake St., Cor. Clark CHICAGO. A Larger Stock of MEDIUM anil FINE GOODS and LOWER PRICES than any other hoii!?e in the trade. X few days ago th« Ediuburg Scots* told us how an American bond­ holder's daughter had had hor horse shed in that city with gold shoes and gold nails. Now comes a New York letter which says: *The wife of one of our leading bankers, in a spirit of fun, appeared the other night as Cap* ital. She honeyed her husband into humoring her freak, which was to cover herself with the representatives c»t value--greenbacks and diamonds. She was literally loaded down with wealth. The dress, cut princesse, en tralne, was covered on the skirt, so as to make it appear one pierce, with 0100 and #T>00 bills. The waist and sleeves were $1,000 bonds, sewed in, and her fingers and ears blazed with diamonds as large as peas. The tiara was said to have been worth $80,000, and the total value of notes and diamonds on her person was §200,000. Two pages carried her train and watched her lest the jewels and greenbacks should roll fr fall to the floor." People who can aflo.-d it have a per­ fect right to humor the freaks of their daughters by having their horses shed with gold shoes, and to indulge that "spirit of f.un" which prompts their wives to personate Capital at fancy dress bails by appearing ir. skirts and trains made of five-hundred-dollar greenback bills, with sleeves and bod­ ies made of thousand-dollar bonds. Ar.d we have no doubt that many of the class which has been so remarkably favored by our legislation .for the last ten or fifteen years can afford luxury and'extravagance sucli.as marked the decadence of vy tue and liberty in Rome. We all know how the money of the country has been massed in en­ ormous fortunes in the hands of a small and remarkably favored class, ami how such, government' favoritism begets felly and extravagance. But there is another side to the pic­ ture. The policy that has enriched a class lias sent 1,200,000 laboring people on the tramp to beg or steal for a liv­ ing. It has filled the country with broken fortunes, broken heart.*, desert­ ed workshops, over-crowded prisons and sujcidal despair. When we see so much misery .brought upon the jna &-.few horseswTtf^goltl and send their wives to balls bedected in dresses cut out of flve-liuudred-do!lar greenbacks and tliousund-dollur bonds, is it not time to call a halt to the policy that produces such fearful contrasts, arraying hungry labor in rags while the bondholder's daughter i ides a gold-shod horse and his wife can spend §2(50.000 to adorn her person for a single ball display? Yet the people who demand a con. tinuation of this policy denounce the West as dishonest because it objects to it. Their cardinal doctrine of honesty is to get all they can squeeze out of the country, and tliey denounce every op­ posing doctrine as repudiation. Not satisfied with making $500,000,000 by tho infamous interpolation of March, 1869, and $500,000,000 more by their bank monopoly, and perhaps $1,000,000,- 000 more by greenback contraction, they now demand that coin bends shall be paid in gold coin only, and the mo­ ment they carry that point they will demand that the gold dollar MiaU'con­ tain 30 instead of 25.8 ^graifis. These Shylocks respect no law but self-inter­ est, and unless the debtor classes and the masses of our people stand up for their own self-interest a little more stoutly than they have heretofore, there will be no limit to the premium they will have to pay on all they owe, and on all the taxes that must come out of their sweat a id labor to support the government and a pensioned aris- ttcracy of wealth. ESV3LLE North Main Street. TnE subscribers are now ready to exchange for wool, iroods, such as plain and fancy Cassiineres, Doeskins, Tweeds, Satinets, til, Slieetini of various La- dies Cloth, Sheetings, shirtings, and a good variety of various kinds ot Flannels, for dresses, &c., lllankets. Stocking Yarn, Ac.-- All these (roods will be exchanged for Wool or Cash, on the most reasonable t.irrns. Custom earding and cloth dressing on the same terms as in former years. Carpets washed at live cents per yard,/ p. S.---All wool sent by express wiU. be promptly at tended to. Please send full or­ ders by iuail. In exchange for goods wool greese and tal low. ' F. A. WHEELER & Co. June 1st, IS 77 A committee of women have beeu asking Congress for the ballot, and the New York Evening Post, in comment­ ing on its discomfiture says: "When women really wish to vote in this country--that is to sar, when a mqjori- tv of that class ot women who are influential earnestly desire to vote, womdn suffrage wiil be decreed with­ out the passage of a constitutional amendment on the subject; but so long as women generally shall continue to be of their present mind, so long as they shall prefer to leave to their hus­ bands, and brothers, and fathers all the disagreeable duties of citizenship, the two houses of Congress will very prop- erlj' refuse to waste time in listening to harangues on the 6ubject.w Wanted,--! 1st car » V A prominent Union Pacific officer states that Jay Gould has said that, if the Union Pacific comes out of the Congressional light without a scratch, the company will build 100. miles of tie contemplated Black Hills Railroad surveys of which have been made, and iron for 100 miles purchased. The Black Hills country is improving rapid­ ly, and the recent heavy sale of mines to Californians has given mining in­ terests a new impetus. lieiitinitfeiice ot Old Times. EDITOR PLAIN DEALER:--In looking over your p&per of the 2d lust., I acci­ dentally ran- across a communication from an old-and well known resident of your, beautiful city, signed S.. in which the writer mentioneda few in­ cidents that transpired there in the year of 1840 and subsequent to that time. The writer of the article rc- fered to, if I am not mistaken fettled in old McHenry about the time men­ tioned and had hosts ©f warm personal friends. The object of writing this, however, is to go back to the fall ©f 1836, when the first location was made 'and perhaps may continue through the year of 1837, and if upon perusal you flud it worthy a place iu your valuable paper you can publish it, if not let it go to the waste basket. Emigration to the West really commenced in the fall of 1836 A few tound their way into what is uow McHenry County, but the great majority were headed to the Rock River Country and settled in that beautiful and fertile Valley.-- Amoug the number that turned their attention to making a location in what is uow McHenry County was three Intelligent-and' enterprising young men named respectively Henry W. McLean William L, Way and John V. McLean, who had heard that a new County Was to be set oft from Cook ami organized the spring following. They were highly elated with the prospect of settling in a uew County sp they started from somewhere down 1 ox Rive; and headed their way up the ban ks un­ til they arrived to the north line of Kane County, a short distance below the preseut village of Algonquin where they encamped for the night and to make preparations to enter as they termed it an unexplored region.-- They struck their tent under a large oak, one of its branches ben*, over near the ground when it was proposed that Hank should climb onto the limb and i^uke a speech which he did, w hen he delivered tUe following characteristic speech. \ FELLOW CITIZENS. I feel proud to be called upon to address as large and intelligent audience usttiU.and 1 thank you ior honoring mc with your presence and alteulBfcHyftti j ' l 'fliil 'yfwg and U)#r «iirn£7r We are now on the northern confine5 of civilization and about to enter up­ on an unexplored and dangerous re­ gion of country, inhabited only by Indians, wolves and other beasts of prey, and, 1 want to enjoin upon you all to be temperate, sober and in all things to treat the red skins with great respect and consideration for in that our safety, and success lies. We are as you ail know about to enter upon an unkuowu region of County lor the pur­ pose of lindiiig a location for the County Seat of ihe new County to be organized, and let us swear uow un­ der the long branches of this tree that we will never relax our efforts until we have secured the prize. There Is one thing that 1 had almost forgotten to mention, fellow citizens, and that is that it is a longtime between drinks, Brother Way will you pass up the jug. The jug was handed up. au<l when Hank was about to put it to his lip$ (it was water of course) ho let it fall to the ground, it broke and all of the water was spilled upon the ground, when Way said, "hie hie. you d--d fool, you are always getting into some scrape, what shall wo do for something to drink now? The camp was broken up the next morning and the three traveled up tho river until they arrived npon the ground where the old Village of Mc­ Henry now stands. They made their claim, and then it was arranged that Henry W. McLean should go to Van- dalia, which was theu the Capitol of the State, get the boundries of the Comity established, and Commissioners appointed to locate the County Seat of the new County, which plan was car­ ried out and the Commissioners, after examining several points, established the Seat of Justice at McHenry, on the 9th day of May, 1837. In the mean­ time and during the )Yinter of 1836-37, several new emigrants arrived. Dr. Christy G. WJieeler bulit a log house and shed on the place now owned by Mrs. Gates and entertained the three that had located there and many a weary traveler beside. Tho west1 end was occupied as a dwelling house, the centre had bunks with hay in them to sleep on, and the east end was occu- ^pied by the cows andjhens. An owl fre­ quently made them a visit and euter- tained them in conversation, but none could translate his language but Wm. L. Way and his interpretation of the Owl's language some of us remepaber well. During that winter, 1836 and 7, there was as permenent residents, W L. Way, John V. McLean, Christy G. Wheeler and family, a Mr. Herrick, I think his name was, who was accidently shot in Feb. 1837. and there may have been one or two others but I think not. In the spring and summer of 1837 quite a number located there. B. B. Brown, a Mr. Richardson, E. Kcyes, A. S. Barn- am, who obtained the water power now owned by the Hon. R. Bishop, a Mr. Brainard, ROT. Joel Wheeler, John McOmber and family, and II. N. Owen and a James A. Salisbury and family. Homer Long, Gideon Colby, Stillman Colby, and A. H. Hanley, who located on bis present farm. Mr. Barnatu sown commenced to build a saw mill on the creek, but before he had completed it H. X. Owen and Salisbury purchased his claim and finished the mill, and commenced manufacturing oak lumber on what was then considered quits an extensive scale. Buildings then began to go up, B. B. Brown built the log hotel that stood where the Riverside now stands, Owen and Salisbury built a residence, and A. S. Barnam, Dr. C. G, Wheeler and the Rev. Joel Wheeler also built comfortable residences. John McOmber, or us he was generally known by the name of *' Esq. McOmb­ er,M also built a comfortable house on the hill in West McHenry, which com­ prised all of the building of that year. The County having become organized, William L. Way was elected Justice of the Peace on tho 3d day of July 1837, was commissioned and qtiaiyied'^and being a very capable man, gave?great satisfaction to all parties that had bus­ iness before him. Most of the suits tried before him was trespass upon claims and crops, with occasionally a case of assault and battery to make it interesting. B. B. Brown having com­ pleted his log hotel opened in due form by giving the boys a free dinner cooked by himself, and also a chance to sample a liquid substance that he kept in his I ar toom, which was improved by all present for we had no temper­ ance societies In those days. The ho­ tel was kept by jBrowu on tiie old bachelor plan, lie being chief cook, bar tetider and hosteler. He was a genial whole souled uian, and wliat he lacked in eatables was fully made up in hav­ ing fun over his excentrlcities. On the 5th day of June 1837, the County Commissioners, who had beeu elected the 1st day of June previous, met at McHenry and completed the organiza­ tion of the County. That was a big day for Old McHenry, every oue was out and a jolly, gay time we had. The officers elected and appointed all resid- ed it» what is now Lake County, which caused the McHenry people to say very aeowmlmeet- ing of that august body was held the first Monday in September, when quite a large amount of butsiuess was done, and the next, tho first Mondey iu De­ cember, and that closed the busiuess of that Court for the year. This is the end of tho year 1837. as nothing of any particular importance transpired duriug the remainder ot the year. AULK LANO SINK. [We expcct to have a series of these "Re mini licences." which will cover a period up to 1845, which cannot fail to prove highly interesting to our reade rs.--Editor] BANK AND COMMERCIAL FAILURKi. The amouut involved in the batik and commercial failures in all parts of the country during the past tiiiet months presents a fearful footing up Had we not become accustomed to such things by the experience of tho past three years we should be led to infer that tbe business interests of thecouptry were passing rapidly along the road of final ruin. But when wo analyze the reports from many, If not most, of the insolvent banks, and In­ surance companies, aud a largo por­ tion of the business houses, wo find that abnormal causes have been large­ ly at work to produce the disastrous results which have come upon them. The first and most appalling item in the "losses" we find is the vghrinkage of real estate." This In tho aggregate amounts to many million dollars.-- Commercial Banks, Saving Banks, and Insurance Companies wont outside of legitimate busiuess, and embarked in the wild speculations which raged prior to 1873, consequently wheu the revulsion came<]tliey found themselves cumbered by the Investment of other peoples, tuoaey in unavailable (because unsaleable even at greatly reduced figures) property. When depositors and other creditors wauled their money, it could not be had. It was sunk in dead real estate, covered with mortgages, tho equity not being avail­ able. We need only look at the sched­ ules of the banks and saving's banks of Chicago, to see what a large figure real estate of this discription makes, and what a mighty millstone around their necks it has proved* bearing theui down to destruction. And our banks present but a sample of a state of things which exists to a greater or loss extent in all the country. Tbey went outside of legitimate banking busi­ ness; they had "too many irons in the fire," and, they failed. And tho same is tho case with thousands of individuals aud firms everywhere. They dealt in excessive credit and mortgages, and tho "shrinkage" brought them down.--S^<macern iicpub lican. WASHINGTON CORKKSPOM WASHINGTOK. D. C.. Jan. Somebody has declared that Mr. and Mrs. Ilayes has an equal sympathy with youth and age. Every evening the children of the White Hou«e, Fatt- nie and Scott Rayes, are allowed a good rough-and-tumble romb on the parlor floor before retiring, and their, of puss-in-the-corner are often in by the older members of tbe including the President himself. On the other hand, a week or two since alt old lady past 80 years of age called at the White House, whereupon Mrs. Hayes after receiving her sent np stairs for the President who cam* down at once and greeted the aged visitor, because, as they said, they oo teemed, is "a great compliment** for Ill- old a lady to call upon tiiem. The handsomest ladies among tlH Senator's wives are declared to bo KM. Conover, of Florida, and Mrs. Dorsey^ of Arkansas. The former is of cons* manding figure, bright face and win- uingexpression. She has light browi^ hair and fair complexion which is not artificially whitened Mis. Dorsey is a radiant brunette with rich color and large clear brown eyes. Both ladies are among tho youngest of tfefe Congrcssineus wives. Another who is young and handsorao, but who is rarely seen in society »o*|r ou account of ill health, is Mrs. Jontf, wife of the miliionare Senator of OoM Hill Navada. She has been married but.four years, has a baby three years old, and possesses the most superb d|a* , inonds of any lady whtfso husband silt iu Congress. ! Tho bride among the Senatorial famalies is Mrs. Spenoer. In regard to whose personal charms oplutons dif­ fer. Because she was society here was very ready to the cold shoulder ou her, but a pretty face, a cultivated artistic tafcte, aud (not least of ali) a rich and elab*rut* wardrobes, rare jewels and a good deal of purple and fine linen generally, havo done much toward making her quilt a favorite already. She appears to bo one who wears well, too, autl improms on acquaintance. But among ail tho ladies connected with official famaltoa i* Washington none are soperiorla. culture and appearance to Mrs. BM> co Colliding and her daughter.--* Mother aud child are strangely aliko iu face, figure, and bearing. Both havo a very striking quaint style of beauty reminding one of the old portraits of high-born maids aiid matrons ofoldoa times. They havo been in Washington little in the last few years, Mrs. Conk* lln's frail health demanding a warat* or climate. \ The singular coincidence of tlii celebration of a Silver Wedding in tho White House while tho remouetlaatlon of silver is engaging so much pub|io attention has brought forth many jokoa and funs among the upper clansefehero. There are some of tho many gift! pro>pofed(btit not yet presented) to Mr. aud Mrs. Hayes on tiie happy 9Sfe|i anniversary of their wedding. Tho silver men of both Houses of Coagreao suggested presenting an engroseed copy of the Bland blU with an ilto» minated peace for the President* nature Hewitt thought of sending a siver oar of corn with 412 grains Garo* IOUB members, copies of their orations with the quotation "Specch is Silver.** J. J.. Cox was to have given one of hla "silvery laughs.** Senator Conk- lln. to contribute a curl of hair show* "ing silver threads among the gold."-*> The Cabinet to offer sage counsel ro* incmbering that a word fitly spoken is like apples of gold.in pictures of silver aud the Chief Signal Officer, a cloud with silver lining. Congratulationa were offered wishing that the Presi­ dent aud his wife might live to estaW lish the deuble-staudard by oelebrat* ing their golden wedding. We have seen all sorts of woathsr i* the last week. Snow and ra>n, loo and sleet, cold and warm. For two or throo days men weut with their heads muf­ fled iu ulster caps because -the ther­ mometer was "almost down to zero.* We hear from Maine that It was "forty below" there. Ouva A r»ylng Busineu. - The profit of wool growing In OeoT* ' gia is 63 per cent on the capital invest- •d. Mr. David Ayers, of Camilla* Georgia, where snow never falls and the ground never freeats, aud where the original pine forests are carpeted with native grass, says his sheep 3JStto in number, cost him annually 14 cents per head; <*lip, three pounds of un­ washed wool, whloh sells at 30 cents per pound, giving a clear profit of M per cent on the money and labor lo- vestcd iu sheep. Lands suited to sheep s raising can be purchased in this see> tion from $1;50 to 910.00 per acre, six cording to locality. Mr. A. does not Peed his sheep at auy time during tho year,neither has he introduced tho im­ proved breeds, raking only what U| kuewu as the native shoog|"