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; v * „ v ,*, • -» ?\ ^ ••* V <* • «boen no efficacy or meaning in trach a resolve, -and declaring that the bondholder should have only the same currency that the Gov- •enmient received, clearly and conclusively meant that payment of bonds was to be Juade in legal-tender notes. The bonds had been sold on an exprens agreement that they should never be taxed, and exemption from the could take place under such a law. At tne next session repeal bills were brought forward, and the Democrats voted for them separately and ais the rider* to appropriation bills. Meanwhile the world seeing that we meant to be hor.ert after all, notwithstanding repudiation at the South and threats in the North, and vicious declarations in national conventions, it became easy to nego- taxation had entered into the transaction and I tiate -tU and 4 per cent, bonds at par and above * • -- • • * ' " par. Tiiis wns done, and the debt has melted at 'been discounted as an element of value, and Slid fur in the price given for the bonds. To x not only the bonds, but every species of property, at its real value, ~ou!d have taxed a oarrel of flour as well as a barrel of whisliv; •would have taxed laud and all else. Knch a - scheme would not only have worn a frontlet of • repudiation, bat would have thrown into chaos the whole revenue and business of the country. ' This was the Democratic position. The Republicans in their national convention "declared two things : 1. That repudiation is a national crime, and that every debt must be paid to the uttermost, not according to the letter but the spirit of the law. 2. That the wise course was to improve our - credit, no as to refund our bonded debt at lower .interest, and that this could not be done if re­ pudiation, open or covert, partial or total, was •-threatened or suspected. On ttaw platform (Jen. Grant elected. Ris •first Presidential syllable was spoken on the portico of the Capitol to assembled'thousands, and spoken with lips which only an in­ stant before had touched the Bible to solemnize an oath of faithfulness in officc. In his inaugnral address, then deliv- -ered, stand these words : " A great debt has been contracted in securing to us and our pos­ terity the Union. The payment of this debt, principal and Interest, as well an the return to a • specie basis as soon as it can be accomplished without material detriment to the debtor class or to the country at lanre, must be provided • for. To protect the national honor, every dollar -of Government indebtedness should be paid in , gold unless otherwise expressly stipulated in file contract. Let it Ire understood that no re- pudiutor of one farthing of our public debt will be trusted in public place, and it will go far toward strengthening a credit which ought to be the be«t in the world, and will ultimately • enable us to replace the debt with bonds bearing less interest than we now pay." the rate of .$~2,(H)0,000 a month. The interest charge has been reduced one-half, and when the bonds of high-ustcrc^t rale siill Oui.staauing fall in due 1881, and afterward, they also will be replacid by 4 or 3.65 per cent "bonds, and tli*n the interest charge will fall much lower still. This all looks pretty well, very well, by the side of the exploits of the last Democratic administration. Mr. Buchsnans, winch in­ creased the debt ten-fold in time of peace, paid 12 per cent, interest on treasury notes, and sold (J per cent, twenty-year bonds for 89 cents on the dollar. It is well to add that during the last five years of their Congressional con­ trol, the Republicans dismissed $120,000,000 of annual taxes, $31,000,000 of tariff duties, aud $89,000,000 of internal revenue. 1 hold up the record since 1861, when the bloody drama of the rebellion opened, and I say that the Demo­ cratic party has been wrong and beatell on all the great issues of the century. A triumphant nationality, a regenerated constitution, a free republic, and unbroken oountry, untarnished credit, solvent finances, unparalleled prosperity --all these are ours despite the policy and the efforts of the Democratic party. Along with the amazing improvement in national finan­ ces we have amazing individual thrift qn every side. In every walk of life new activity is felt" Labor, agriculture, manufactures, com' merce, enterprises, and investments, ail aro nourishing, content, and hopeful. But m the midst of the harmony and encouragement comes a harsh discord, cryihg. "Give us a clinnire--anvthiiisr for a chance !" This is not THE FAMILY DOCTOR. > FOB burns, bind on moistened baking soda. It will give prompt, and perma­ nent relief. FOB bites and stings, apply instantly with a soft rag, most freely, spirits of hartshorn. his nationality with any certainty. A lawyer down South once demurred to the sufficiency of an indictment of his client, a moonshiner hauled up tor a breach of the internal revenue laws, on the ground that it was uncertain in not Stating which United States it was that the offe.net> was alleged to have been committed against. Growth of the Hair. To MAKE the air of, a room heated by a furnace moist and more agreeable, hang a "wet cloth in front of or over the register, so that the air will have to pass I There are three reasons why women's through it. Of course the cloth must 1 hair is longer than men's: First, she has be wet frequently, but if only done a ! no hair growth on her face, and so has a few times a perceptible relief from the j larger supply of hair-forming material dry air will be experienced. DR. FOOTR'S Health Monthly In' cases of difficult ' breaching'*friends \ !,reak; l>«ng usually less engaged -- - - £• : in mental labor or business worrv, she has a more constant and even supply of blood to the scalp. In nations wfiere for the scalp: second, the diameter of her hair being larger, it is less liable to , This significant declaration produced a deep Sensation. Both houses of Congress were Re­ publican. Immediately a bill was introduced in cach house, "to strengthen the public cred­ it" In less than a fortnight it had passed both houses, and was approved by President Grant March 18, 1869. It was the first act he signed. It declared that "The faith of the United States is solemnly pledged to the payment, in coin or its equivalent, of all the obligations of the United States not bearing interest, known as United Sia es notes, and of all the interest- bearing obligations of the United States, ex- . cepting in cases where the law author­ izing the issue of any such obliga­ tions had expressly provided that the same may be paitl in lawful money or other -currency tliaii gold and silver ; and the United States also solemnly pledges its faith to make provision at the earliest practicable period for the redemption of tlio Lnited States notes in •coin." This bill was resisted by the solid Democracy in both houses. They voted against it. They voted against considering it. They voted for amendments to pervert and reverse its meaning. Senator Thurman, of Ohio, moved to add to it: "Provided that nothing herein •contained shall apply to obligations called 5-20 bonds." Every Democratic Senator present •voted for this; every Republican voted against it The 5-20 bonds then constituted the bulk of the public debt, and this proviso would have frustrated and vitiated the whole act. Senator Davis, of Kentucky, moved to amend so as to •scale down the l>onds to the coin value at the time of the currency received for them. This was supported by the Democrats, Senator Bay- •ardj of Delaware, among others, speaking in its favor. Senator Vickers, of Maryland, moved to amend so as to prevent coin ever being pur­ chased to IJC used to pay bonds. Senator Bay­ ard denounced tho bill as wrong, unwise, and -as a "stock-jobbing operation." After all this the bill passed, and not one Democrat voted for 41 in either house. The next step in this progress was the fund­ ing act of July, 1870, the act authorizing the •redemption of the 5-20 or 6-per-cent. bonds by negotiating bonds bearing lower interest. All the Demoorats resisted this bill, also, and voted against it. Exempting the new bonds from taxation was opposed in the Senate. Mr. Bayard moved to strike out the provision, and to "sub­ ject the bonds to taxation. All the Democrats voted for it again. Mr. Bayard moved an amendment to bring back the State-banking system, and all the Democrats voted for that, also; the bill was at length carried by ltepubli- •can vote?. By this time our currency had much appreciated, and funding at lower interest be­ gan. In 1874, by a vote not Democratic alone, an inflation bill made its way through both houses. This bill proposed to keep out per­ manently $26,000,000 ot ' "'belonging to the treasury been put ont temporarily 1873, and to pjt out £1:.. suffering produced by the panic drove many Republicans into the support of this measure as an experiment and expedient for relief. The , 141V4 A T> pressure upon Pre«ident Grant to induce him i 4* xl_'„ TO sign it exceeded anything of the kind 1 have •ever witnessed. Men who should have upheld their hands not only threw their weight upon him, but industriously criticised, and even ridi- culcd. his venturing* to set up his opinion against a majority in such a crisis. He vetoed the bill, however. In bis message, returning it unsigned, he referred to the declaration of tho Republican party, to his inaugural, to the act. of 1869 already cited, and he said the proposed act "would violate it, and he was against it 'This happened on the 22d of April, 1N74. About a month later a convention occuiTed in the evening, between the President aud his •chief adviser Secretary Fish and others, about "the wise course out of the increased difficulties which had come from the disasters of the year before. One of those present was Senator •Jones, of Nevada. So struck was lie with the views expressed by President Grant that the aoext day, June 4, i874, he, by letter, requested that the substance of them should be put in writing and a cony sent him. This was done, •and memorandum made by the President was handed about among members of the two houses, and afterward found its way into print Here it is. It is the foreshadowing of the lie- «umptjon act to which they had paved the way. I read two passages : " I believe it a high and plain duty to return to a specie basis at ^he •earliest practical day, not only in compliance with legislative and party pledges, but as a step indispensible to lasting national prosperity. I believe, further, that the time has come wlrn this can be done, or at least begun, With less •embarrassment to every branch of industry th:: n at anv future time after resort has been had to unstable and temporary expedients to stimu­ late unreal prosperity and speculation, on •a basis other than coin, the recognized medium of exchange throughout the commercial world. The paeticular mode selected to bring about a restoration of the specie standard is nut of so much consequence as that some plan be change --anything for a change!" a bearing year for a change. Every othef crop is good, but not the crop of change ; that crop is good only when the rest are bad. The country does not need or wish the chmige pro­ posed, and the pressing invitation of our Democrat is friends is much like "Will you walk into my p::rlor ? said the spider to the lly." A good-natured "but firm "No, I thank you," will be the response at the polls. The candidates we support besides being Re­ publicans, are largely fitted for tho stations M liich await them. Some service with hiin in Congress has made me well acquainted with Gen. Garfield. That he has the intelligence, experi­ ence. and habits of mind which fit a man for the Presidential office, I think I know. With­ out early ad van tares, he years ago achieved prominence among the leading men in public life, and that prominence ho has maintained ever since in all the collisions between indivu- als and parties. That he is competent to the duties before him there seems to me no reason to doubt Of Gen. Arthur it seems needless here to speas. Most of you know him. and all who know him know a high-sonled, hon­ orable man, honorable in every position in which he ever stood ; a man to "be trusted in every relation of life. If the character, the popularity, and personality of a candidate can add strength to the Republican cause, Gen. Arthur will add that strength wherever he is known, and most where he is best known. Upon its record and its candidates the Republican party asks the country's ap­ proval, and stands ready to avow its purposes for the future. It proposes to rebuild our com­ mercial marine, driven from the sea by Con- j federate cruisers, aided and abetted by foreign ; hostility. It proposes to foster labor, industry, | aud enterprise. It proposes to stand for educa- : tion, humanity, and progress. It proposes to ; administer the Government honestly, to pre- i serve amity with all the world, observing our , own obligations with others, and seeing that I others observe theirs with us ; to protect every citizen, of whatever birth or color, in his rights and equality before the law, including his right i to vote and to be counted ; to uphold the public ! credit and the sanctity of engagements, and, by j doing these things, the Republican party pro- | poses to assure to industry, humanity and I civilization in America the amplest welcome : and the safest home. generally at once raise the sufferer to a sitting posture, allowing the head per-, haps to fall forward. Dr. Howard sug­ gests that in all such cases the chest should be raised, allowing the head to iail back. The completest extension backward of the head and neck will give the surest relief. COUGH MIXTURE.--A recent cough will almost always yield to the followirg treatment within two or three days: Mix in a bottle four ounces of glycerine, h two ounces of alcohol, two ounces of ! ! water, two grams of morphine. Shake , well. Dose for an adult, one or two tea- • sjx>onfuls every two or three hours. Half this quantity to children 10 to 15 I years. It is not safe to give it to infants or children under ten years of age. RHEUMATISM IN THE JOINTS. --When the joints are stiffened with rheumatism , or a settled cold, the following applica- ; tions are capital, and enable the sufferer to move with ease : Cut into small bite (or grate it) one ounce of castile soap. Add a heaping table-spoonful of red : cayenne pepper. Have these in a small pitcher, and then pour onto them half a pint of boiling-hot water. Stir until all ; is dissolved, and add a little cider bran- | dy or alcohol when bottling. An appli- i cation of the above brings the blood to a glow to the joints, and on rubbing a ! little sweet oil to relax the muscles the patient will be enabled to walk with per- ! feet ease. 1 A CURE FOR CATARRH.--A simple, and apparently very successful, remedy for | catarrh has been discovered in sea-water I gargling. Prof. Mosler has treated nu- | merous patients in this wn v, and records j his experiences in a Berlin paper. Spe- | cial rooms for gargling have been erect- | ed at some seaside places, where direc- ; tions are given as to the mode of pro- i ceeding. One very necessarv proviso j is that the water should come in contact j with the nasal cavity, but to those who : can gargle this movement will not be ! attended with any iuconvenience. A : marked improvement in the malady will i then quickly be perceived. We are not | told that an artificial mixture of salt | and water is likely to be effective. A I few experiments, nowever, would soon i establish the fact. the I the hair of the men is usually worn short, I the fashion of long hair in the male is re- j garded as a protest against church and | state, and against general customs, taste, j and thought; in Austria it is made a polit- I ical offense to be so attired. ! The growth of the hair is the most rapid j in the young and middle-aged, aud in | those living an out-door life. At the age ! of eigthv, if a man live so long, and if his ! hair an(i lieard have been close-trimmed, \ he has cut off six and a half inches of hair | annually, or almost thirty feet in all. The hair is the least destructible part of ; the body. The hair of the ancient The- | bans is, after a lapse of 4,000 years, found : to have survived the tombs. t The Pyra- j mids and the Sphiux are erumbling, but j some of the wigs of human.hair, exposed . to the mold aud moisture of their en- Food arid Raiment. Tke profuseness, variety and delicacy of the summer fruits and vegetables in this country are denied to all other civil­ ized lands. The day-laborer in this lat­ itude may sit down to a dinner, which is not only unknown to' the same persons in Europe, but which is enjoyed only by the wealthy there. A few cents will give him »••quantity and variety of vegetable food--beans, "corn, peas, lettuce, cab­ bages, peaches, plums, melons, grapes and pears--such as in Northern Europe Clinging Affections. Ftom my window, I see in our pasture, a fine blooded young mare, trim as an _ antelope, caressing her colt--a long-eared at least, are grown under glass aud ob- j graceless mule. She did not caress it at ' "* ' first. eat up his income. The husband, pro­ voked at her behavior, said in a pretty loud tone : " If it were not for the stranger I would give you a good drub­ bing." "Oh," cried the visitor, who overheard the remark, "I beg you will make no stranger of me."--Chambers* Journal. •HP V ILLINOIS HEWS. tainable chiefly by the wealthy or the ex travagant The streets of our cities as well as the landscape of field and orchard, are decorated with their color; the mar­ kets blush with their ruddiness and bloom with their purple, their emerald and their gold. Aud the cheap preserving ; parallel among human beings. People processes are carried on so largely and j who deal in didactic generalities, are fond ! economically that even in winter many ; of saying: "there can be no love without, of these natural bounties are within the | respect." Every day^s observation cor meaus of scant pnrses in a measure that would positively astound even the thrifty and well-to-do people in Europe. It is in this respect that this is an es­ sentially favored land aud makes the problem of living a comparatively easy one. Even if the tax-burdens of the European nations were by the nljolition of fleets, fortifications and standing ar- CABBOI<1I county counts 1,250 dogs. - THERB are over forty artesian wells fa* Ottawa. .lip*. PEKIN public schools have an atten£* ance of 1,100, and sixteen teachers. A FARM of 400 acres in Sangam<J» county was sold a few days since at (81 1LU acre. GIR ARD, Macoupin county, hug voted, to organize as a city under the Geneial Incorporation law. \ She could hardly bear for it to ap- ' FARMERS around Streator report tW proach her. She seemed to have a pod- j fall grain and grass full of chinch-bug^ tive revulsion against the inferior crea- 1 and considerable damage being done. J ture. But she has become reconciled to j THE Mayor of Pekin has given the its deficiencies; the materaal mstanct has City Clerk orders to have all persons triumphed. The case has a frequent who fail to take out a dog license ar­ retted. THE Illinois hoar crop for the of 1880-81 is estimated at 2,193,487 rects the assertion. We see women, and ?? increase of 26/,279 head over that n more rarely men, of fine natures cling- : season.. ,** mies, lifted ffom the shoulders of the ; populace, the generosity of the American soil aud air would still offer that hospi­ tality in excess o£ othoi's which makes it a poor man's paradise. There is usually a large, benevolent recklessness about its profusion that engenders carelessness . , , * i !i , x, i and even some waste in the domestjc tonil>ed apartments, are less decayed than ! economv of the people. It often pro- the monuments themsehes. | vides, as if it were well to cultivate the habit of lavishness such an excess alxwe. the actual wants that no inconsiderable part of its perisable crops are wasted in ing to idols of commonest clay, surround­ ing a corrupt wreck of humanity with the sustaining, concealing and excusing mantle of love as the vine surrounds and supports the rotten tree. It is rare that this devotion is a masculine attribute, though fathers, like the poet- souled David, have loved and mourned for their unworthy Absaloms, but it is rare that a man clings to a woman he has ceased to respect, unless through force A PROCESSIOK of sixteen prairie schooners passed through Bloomingtoit, the other day, wit.li emigrants from In­ diana to Nebraska. FROM Jan. 1 to July 1, 1880, 2,00D deeds were recorded m Montgomeiy county, or nearly double the number da the first half of last year. THE Finance Committee of TazewigS county had a big fire at Pekin the other day. They burned up retired counter There are three coloring pigments to the hair--yellow, red, aud black, and ail the shades are produced by the mixture of these three colors. In pure gold yel­ low hair there is only the yellow pig­ ment; in red, the red mixed with yellow; in dark, the black mixed with red and yellow; iu the hair of the negro there is as much red pigment as in the reddest hair, aud had not the black been most de­ veloped--perhaps by the action of the sun--the hair of all negroes would be as fiery a ml as the reddest hair of an Eng­ lishman. of habit or the coarse hold of anunal pas- bonds to the amount of S156 500 sion. And yet I have known two in- rr , , , ' stances in my life where men have de- HK fact that the banks of Springfield voted with faithful, patient and self- ; *??? cetJse<i to pay interest on deposits denying affection, to women whom they j , ,, 111400^e several hundred thoa * could uot respect It is one of the sad- investment m real estate. dest moments of life when the conscious- I IT appears, from recent developments, ne6s is borne in upon us that our idols that the cultivation of sugar-cane is not are surely and irretrievably flawed. It the air or on the ground. However, this j is a sharp wound, but it heals over like is a so much better characteristic than the opposite one, that no one ever finds fault with it other wounds that life makes in our scarred hearts. Once I knew a high- souled, gifted woman mated to an infe- who had poured out all her BITS OF INFORMATION. THE first railway in the United States was the Quincy and Boston, to convey granite for Bunker Hill monument, in 1827. THE first steam engine in the United States was brought from England in 1753. Setting Type by Telephone. The London Timet contains an article describing the system of telephonic re­ porting adopted by that journal, in order to have the latest and fullest report of the speeches made in the House of Par­ liament. Permission having been ob­ tained from the Metropolitan Board of Works to lay the necessary wires in the subway of the Embankment, a new con­ nection between the House of Commons and the Times oftice was formed, and one of Edison's loud-speaking telephones placed at either end. The immediate re- Decency Toward Horses. A horse cannot be screamed at and cursed without becoming less valuable iu every particular. To reach the highest degree of value the animal .should be j perfectly gentle and always reliable, but I if it expects every moment that it is in j the harness to be "jawed" at and struck, it will be in a constant state of nervous- t ness, and in its excitemcnt as liable j through fear to do something which is I not expected as to go along doing what I you started it to do. It is possible to train a horse to be governed by the word of mouth, almost as completely as it is • to traiu a child, and in such training the j horse reaches its highest value. When a j horse is soothed bv the gentle words of j his driver--and we have seen him calmed j down from great excitement by no other | meaus--it may be very fairly concluded ! that he is a valuable animal for all prac- 1 tical purposes, and it may be certainly | concluded that the man who has such | powei' over him, is a humane man and a | sensible one. But all this simply means j that the man must secure the animal's i confidence. Only in exceptional in­ stances is a horse stubborn or vicious, j If he understands his surroundings, and j what is required of him, he gives no trou- j ble. As almost every reader must know, if the animal when frightened can be clothin,, men, and for these the mass of them la- lior. The easier they can procure these two essentials, the smaller is their dis­ content. Indeed, when these are pro­ cured with little difficulty, discontent is largely a sentimental grievance, and hard to arouse. What little envy and jealousy the poor feel toward the rich is chiefly concerned with the problem of fotxl and clothing. It is not so much that the poor man wants the income of five, ten, twenty or fifty thousand dollars which the exceptionally rich man may have, as it is his feeling' that its. possession sets quite at rest the anxiety he feels daily about his prospects for food, clothing anil shelter. For the man with an income of $500 or $1,000 is obliged to spend nearly all of it in providing for the sim­ plest5 wants of nature; whereas these pressing wants do not increase iu pro­ portion to the income. A man with $5,000 income spends a much smaller fraction of it for the necessities of life than does his poor neiglilior; while the demand for the necessaries of life upon the income of 850,000 is hardly precepti- ble. Thfc anxiety about food on the part of those with small incomes is out of all proportion to that felt by the enormously wealthy, because in the one case it re­ quires nearly all the income to satisfy the daily wants of the body; in the other it; ! reqnires only a minute fraction of it. going to prove as profitable to the farm­ ers of South Elgin, this year, as had been anticipated. HOOPESTON now claims to have .ft mastodon. Fragments of the monster were unearthed by laborers who were the The provision for the stomach and the rior man, whe Dthing of the body, chiefly concerns • love--checked in other channels--upon j excavating for a drain. One of " her son--her one child. She had tried { teeth weighs eight pounds, to breathe her soul into the boy--her fine ' sense of honor and truth, her aspiring A PARTY of Government surveyors sense oi nonor aim inuu, ner aspiring j have been at Alton lately investigating e n e . W . ~ , . p u r i j a s t o t h e p r a c t i c a b i l i t y o f a c a n a l w h i d h | it is proposed to dig there for the pur­ pose of avoiding sandbars. THE saloon keepers of this State held a Stat' Convention in Chicago last weefe. would not believe how miserably she had failed; she would uot see how the coarse metal coidd not receive the fine temper and polish. She shut her eyes to his short comings; she excused them to her- , . , self and others with all the ingenious [ j*-"® object was to devise means for pretexts love could devise. When at > twal protection, and to perfect plans for Hogs Killing a Jaguar. The wild hops of South America are very Savage, and when aroused know no fear. similar to the common pick-lock. The ancient keys are mostly of bronze, and of remarkable shapes, the shaft terminating on one side by the wards, on „ • • 11 , . i suit of this airangement has been to I brought up to the object he will become | One night a hungry party of explo; ers, KEYS were originally made of wood bring the compositor at the machine into | calm. The reason is that lie understands | camped in a Brazilian forest, heard an and Uie earliest form was a simple crpok | dire^t comm,{njcation with the Parlia- 1 " -- - ment'iry reporter at the House, aud to enable the debates to be reported and printed from half to three-quarters of an hour later than had previously been poi- The notes made by the reporter read directly into to the telephone ,. ^..^r in a room adjoining the gallery vorce or separation. ; either bv the reporter himself when re- HATSwere first made by a Swiss at j li<.Ved or by another person employed for iris, 1404 A. D. They are mentioned } the purpose; and the compositor, at his in history at the priod when Charles | machine in the oflice, sits with his ears VII. made his triumphal entry into j,interposition with the other terminal Rouen, in 1449. He wore a hat lined t 0f the instrument. The plau which has with red velvet, and surmonc ted with a | been found the most efficacious for the a rich plume of feathers. It is from this j pUrpose of shutting out distracting reign that hats and caps are dated, which | sounds of other kinds is to place the henceforth began to take place of the chaperoons and hoods that had been worn before in France. Previous to the year 1510 the men and women of En­ gland wore close knit woolen caps. THE custom of crowning the poets originated among the Greeks and was adopted by the Romans during the em­ pire. It was revivedin the twelfth ceut- ury by the Emperor of Germany, who invented the title of poet-laureate. The Freuch had royal poets, but no laure­ ates. The title existed in Spain, but lit­ tle is known of those who lx>re it. The tradition concerning the laureate in En­ gland is that Edward III., in 1367, em- i that he is ready, receives a sentence, strikes the 1h*11 to indicate that he under disk of the telephone above and l>ehind the compositor, and then to arrange two tubes, each with two trumpet-shaped ex­ tremities, in sticli a manner that these extremities are applied at one end to the two sides of the telephone disk and at the other end to the two ears of the comjMisitor. The compositor is also fur­ nished with a speaking instrument, with a key for ringing a bell, and with a bell which is rung from the House, a simple code of l>ell signals, consisting of one, two, or three strokes, suflicing for the ordinarv requirements of each message. The compositor announces by the bell i light blue, changing to dark blue, then The reason is that lie understands that there is nothing to fear. So he must lie taught to have confidence iu the man who handles him; and then this powerful animaL which utmaUy no man <x»ul3 handle, il it wore disposed to b» vicious, will give no trouble. The very best rule, therefore, which we would lay down for the management of the aorse, is gentleness and good sense on the part of the driver. Bad drivers make bad horses usuallv.-- ]Ve*trrn RurnK Utilizing a Pest. A Maryland farmer is making money out of an enormous crop of potato-bugs. Being opposed to the use of paris green, he rigged up a large wash-boiler in his field, and hiring six men, collected tho bugs and soused them in l>oiliug water. About two gallons were collected, and by accident a piece of old sheep-skin leather, used for lining shoes, went into the mess. After the cooking had been going on for an hour he was astonished to find that the leather had changed its color to the richest dark" crimson. This arousing his curiosity, he inserted other materials, and ascertained another peculiarity of the liquid. The material placed in it changed first to a dark brown, then a greenish hue, then pure yellow, then ulating the crowning of Petrarch at j Rome in 1341, granted the oflice to Chan- : cer with a yearly pension. In 1030 the laureate was miidc a patent oflice. From j that time there lias l>een a regular sue- ; cession of laureates. UNTIL the close of the eighteenth ; century the finest muslins in use were j imported from India. Ttie earliest men- ! tion of cotton among the classic nations j of antiquity is by Herodotus, who speaks i of it by the name of tree-wool, which ; name it still bears in German and sev- , ... . eral other continental languages. Cot- devised. the time fixed when currency shall be ! t<)n was uot known in Egvpt until about •unchangeable for eoin at par, and the plan | 5()o years i)efore Christ. Then it api>enrs v <,om . . .. •adopted ri^idlv adhered to. I would like to «ee -a provision that at a lixed date, say July 1. 1876, the currency issued by the United States •should )>e redeemed in coin, on presentat on to any Assistant Treasurer, and that all the cur­ rency so redeemed should be canceled, and •never be reissued. To effect this it would be necessary to tuthorize the issue of bonds, par­ able in gold, to be put out by the treasury only in such sums as should from time to time be needed for the purjjose of redemption." It was not long ltefore this advice found the form of law. A committee, composed wholly of Republic:! n Senators, of whom 1 myself was one, .prepared the bill now known as the ltesumption act. It vrafi not the work of anyone Senator, nor did it express literally and in full perhaps the views of any single member of the commit­ tee. It wan a compromise of somewhat con­ flicting opinions. It was submitted to every Republican member of the Senate, and every one. after consideration, determined to vote for it. It was brought forward in the Senate, and even- Ik-publican Senator did vote for it, and probable that it was imported, for all the cloths found enveloping the mum­ mies ot earlier ages have proved on ex­ amination to be linen. Cotten cloths are mentioned as liaving been imported into London in 1590, the knowledge of l>oth the culture and manufacture hav­ ing probably been conveyed there by the stands it. sets up the type with his ma­ chine, strikes the bell again for the reader to continue his dictation, and soon until the work is carried as far as time will allow. If there is aijy doubt or difficulty about the words, a l>ell signal will cause them to l»e repeated, or explanations can lie sought and received by direct vocal j communication. In tlus power, indeed, ' resides one of the chief advantages of the i method,, and one which ought to lead to ' greater accuracy than lias ever previously lieen attainable. The names of jjeople, ! places, etc., can l>e spelled out letter by : letter if there is any doubt about them. ! --JScirntifir Ameri< an. Habits. Habit eonstap|ly strengthens all our active exertions. Whatever we do often, we become more and more apt to do. A snuff-taker 1 begins with a pinch of snuff per day, and ends with a pound or two every month. Swearing begins in anger; Moors find other Mohammedan nations, j .fc ^ ̂ millg^ with ordinary The former were the bvingii^jtliis manufacture into Europe. How Texas Cattle Are L'Ullr'd 'Uiere are beef-packing establishments at Rockport and Fulton, Texas, both of which pliiees are in the center of cattle ranges, in which at least 100,0(H) l<oevcs are slaughtered every year. Every part of the beef is utilized, even to the tufts conversation. Such like instances are of too common notoriety to need that tliey lie adduced; but, as I before ob­ served, at the very time that the ten- dency to do the thing is every day in­ creasing, the pleasure resulting from it is, by the blunted sensibility of the bodi­ ly organ, diminished, and the desire is irresistible, though the gratification is i nothing. There is rather an entertain- • , • i i the tails, which are preserved and • example of tfiis in Fielding's Life Tut'I'i^wentWTo,1the"<lilou8c,MS1^* 22Ut /®r H1* mak.inf? f 1/ulies' .^izzettes ; q{ jonathan Wild," in that scene where ' The blood flows into tauksand is prensetl, j jie ^ represented a« playing at cards and is sold at 2 cents a pound foi the , the Connt, a professional gambler, making of fertilizers. The tongues and ; „Sucll>» S!1VS Mr Fi^ldim?. "was the tored a solid Democratic opposition, but it was earned by Republican votes. President Graut promptly signed it. It fixed the 1st of Janua­ ry. 1870," for the resumption of specie payments, and wlien the day came as noiselessly and nat­ urally as night melts into day specie payment* were rer-umed. The adoption of this bill for resumption is easier told than it was done. The Democracy rose as one man in both houses against it It was denounced as an absurdity and a sham, and was called many wild and un­ cleanly paines. Senator Thurman. Senator ' Bayard, and other Democratic Senators vehe­ mently opposed it This was in Januarv. 1875. ' Immediately the Democrat* of all shades', including the Greenbacker, tbe -country over, opened fire upon the aet. Nest year the Democratic party met in National Con­ vention at St. Louis. There the Republican party was denounced for enacting hindrance s to a return to specie payment#. The climax of the resolution was in these words, "As such hin­ drances we denounce the Resumption act of 1875, and we here demand its repeal." Mr. Tilden. the nominee of the convention- in his letter of ac- making of fertilizers. The tongue lean beef are boiled and canned. hides are salted and sold agaiu. fatty matter is extracted and goes to tal­ low. The bones are boiled to a pulp to extract this fatty matter, and the dry bones, mainly phosphate of lime, are sold at 1 cent a pound for fertilizing. The feet are cut off, and from the hoofs neats-foot oil is extracted. The horny part of the foot, the shin-bone and knuckle-bones, are sold for the manu­ facture of domestic ivory. The horns are piled up until the pith becomes loose, and this is added to the fertilizers, j and the horns are sold for manufacture. I Every atom of the animal is probably : used. Mr. Fielding, "was p. R. LOCKS, "Petroleum V.Nasby," ceptance, stood up to the platform and &!*> j :nten(ig make his permanent home in in i led against the act and throughout the can- , Susouehanna valley of Pennsyl- vass reasons were given winch no man couM I »"e ousquem»mu» J 1 J number why resumption nsttf wouldt w> rwr» ! mu«. iiy 8UyS ire j powt r of habit over the minds of these illustrious persons, that Mr. Wild could t not keep his hands out of the Count's pockets, though he knew they were empty ; nor could the Count abstain from palming a card, although he was well aware that Mr. Wild had no money to pay him." Which United States! There is yet another United States in this Western hemisphere. It is the United States of Peru and Bolivia, and it is a brand new arrangement It is number three. Number two is the Uni­ ted States of Colombia, formed in 1861 out of the territory known as New Grenada, and comprising nine States. An American citizen traveling abroad will now have to tell which United States he hails from, if he desires to designate uproar of grunting, squeaking aud clash­ ing of tusks. "Pigs!" exclaimed all with joyful- ness; " now well have a dinner !" Snatching their guns, they crept cau­ tiously toward the sounds. Coming to the edge of a clearing, they saw a'jaguar standing on an ant hill, about five feet from the ground. Surrounding him were fifty or sixty wild hogs, furious in .their efforts GO get at their enemy. The jaguar, with his tail stuck well up in the air, and his legs close together, stood balancing himself on the hillock. As the infuriated pigs threatened one side or the other, he would turn around and face them. He was evidently uneasy, and ouly waiting for a chance to make a rush and escape. In a moment of for$ et- fulness, the jaguar slightly dropped his tail. Instantly a pig seized it and pulled ; then another, and another, and the beast was dragged from his perch to the ground. The battle was terrible. The yellow body of the jaguar rose up aliove the grunting, squealing mass of 1»igs, and his pow erful paws struck dead-y blows. Then he fell--the uproar sub­ sided, and £lie herd dispersed. The party of explorers walked to the battle-ground. Fourteen dead pigs were lying on the field, but no jaguar or its remains were seen. Presently one of the party, picking up a fragment of something, ex­ claimed, " Here's the tiger !" It was a bit of the jaguar's skin. He had been torn to pieces and devoured by the savage hogs. Never Too mte to Learn. Socrates, at an extreme old age, learned to play on musical instru­ ments. Cato, at 80 years of age, began to ,mSr'w CriritS; ! •*<* 0m"k mmeiruiu neau, witn . T>1« , , ...u.,., i, light red, terminating in the brilliant scarlet, which was the permanent color. Consequence, formation of a stock com­ pany to make dyeing mixtures from po­ tato-bugs. Shade Trees. The maple is one of the liest shade trees for city growth. It is not affected a particle by the extremes of heat and cold. It forms a beautiful head, with clean, glossy foliage, smooth bark, is tree from all insects, aud has a rapid growth. In five years, in a good soil, it makes a tine, gracefully sweeping branches, and af­ fords a dense shade. The American tulip-tree is also very choice. Its great elegance of habit, and striking beauty of leaf and blossom, recommend it to any one who has an eye to fine pro­ portions. It requires a deep soil, with plenty of rooin to expand freely on all sides. It will not bear removing when' large ; but small trees grow rapidly when transplanted into a deep soil. The Story Disproved. A leading officer in one of the courts was charged with never going to bed sober. Of course he indignantly denied the soft impeachment, and he gave the particulars of a particular night in proof. We 4quote his own words: Soon after I got in bed, my wife said: "Why. husband, what's the matter with you? You act so strangely." "Thereis nothing the matter with me," said I; "nothing at all." " I'm sure there is," said she; "you don't act natural at all. Shan't I get up and get something f+>T you?" And she got up, lighted the can­ dle and came to the bedside to look at me, shading the light with one hand. "I knew there was something about you," said she; " why, you are sober!"--Buf­ falo Expresz. Good Taste. "Good taste is sometimes as useful as money ; indeed it has a pecuniary value of its own. How often do we see a cheap but tastefully planned and ar­ ranged cottage exceeding in attractive- j ness the spacious and costly but ill-con­ trived dwellings! The difference be- twe?n taste and the want of it is strik­ ingly manifested in the laying out of grounds and the planting of trees and shrubs. And it is also manifest in other ways. One person always appears well dressed ; another never. Yet the one who is ill-dressed may pay Ms tailor twice as much in the year as the otfeer. Plutarch, when between 70 and 80, commenced the study of Latiu. Bocaccio was 35 years of age when he commenced his studies iu light litera­ ture ; yet he became one of the greatest masters of the Tuscan dialect, Dante and Piutarcli being the other two. Sir Henry Spellmau neglected the sciences in his youth, but commenced the study of them when he was lietween 50 and 60 years of age. After this time he lieeame a most learned antiquarian Aod lawyer. ' Dr. Johnson applied himself to the Dutch language but a few years before his death. Ludovoico Mondaldesco, at the great age of 115 years, wrote the memoirs of his own times. Ogilby, the translator of Homer and Virgil, was unacquainted with Latin and Greek till lie was past 50. Franklin did not commence his philo­ sophical pursuits till he had reached his last there could lie no doubt; when a deed showing such palpable lack of prin­ ciple aud refinement, stripped the boy's character of the veil her love had thrown over it, it was an all but mortal blow to the mother. Her heart withered and shrunk under it, yet the mother-love did notfail. It faltered an instant; it dropped forever the sustaining hands of .respect aud of hope, but it kept on alone--by the side of the morally--crippled l>eing she j had ouce dreamed would be the culmi- ; nating flower and finish of her life. So I has our mare--dainty Annie--accepted the facts of her offspring's long ears and gawky limbs.--Mary E. Bryan in Sunny South. Newspaper Work. Many young men, fresh from college, crammed with learning and ambition, desire to become journalists that they may exercise moral influence over the masses which are reached by a news­ paper. They do not understand that journalists are not turned out of universi­ ties ready made. Journalism is a pro­ fession which can only be mastered after long years of active service--on the same principle that to be a good lawye;, or a successful minister, or a competent mechanic, one must have practical ex­ perience, and can attain prominence only after long years of patient labor. Young men on leaving college are apt to think they could shape the destiny of a nation if they could only get control of the columns of pome newspaper. Per­ haps a young graduate does get ah op­ portunity to write editorials for some country weekly. He launches a bolt, and then anxiously awaits the report. He generally waits in vain, and is both pained and chagrined to find out that his majestic utterances have attracted no attention whatever. Perhaps he gets a position on one of the big dailies, and, with a proud heart, he hands in to the managing editor a long article, over which he has spent several days and nights in writing and rewriting, only to be sharply told that such compositions are useless--that what is wanted is a concise statement of news. He is per­ haps detailed to write up some congenial subject, and is ordered to have it done at a certain time. Hampered thus, pin­ ioned genius refuses to work, and the ambitious youth makes a fiat failure. Journalism' is drudgery--plodding, un­ ostentatious drudgery. The individual work which makes a complete newspa­ per attracts no attention from the public generally. Headers say this or that paper is a good one, without once caring who did this or that to make it such. And this alone would be cruel to the unfledged writer who hopes to yield a moral influence. If one of his articles appears he expects it to be tbe feature of the paper, and is disappointed if peo­ ple do not talk about it and insist upon knowing who wrote it; whereas he may write for years without achieving dis­ tinction. The Prime of Life, Between the ages of 45 and 60 a man who has properly regulated himself may lie considered in the prime of life. His matured strength of constitution renders him almost impervious to an attack of disease, and experience has given sound­ ness to his judgment. His mind is reso­ lute, firm aud equal ; all his functions are in the highest order; he assumes mastery over his business ; builds up a fighting all temperance laws. DB. A. G. MCMILLAN, of Paris, fornl- erly a wholesale druggist of Cincinnati, and very well known throughout tho Western States, died on the 16th insfc. He left an estate worth $100,000. THE Committee on Lands in the Illi­ nois State Board of Equalization haa re­ ported in favor of raising the assessment of lands hi Cook county from $29.19 par acre to an average of $45 per acre. THE Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Good Templars, in session at Lincoln, received a communication from the Catholic Total Abstinence Union, m session at Springfield, conveying frater­ nal greetings. THE report of the Illinois State Board, of Agriculture indicates that, notwith­ standing t he Aufjust drought and the ear­ ly September frosts, the aggregate com crop of this State will not tali below the average. THE La Salle County Board of Super­ visors have decided, by a vote of 25 to 17, hi favor of taking immediate step* for the erection of a new County Court House aud jail. The cost is limited to $150,000, to be paid by annual special county tax of $50,000 per year for the next three years. -TAZSWSU. county believes is economy aud reform. In 1873 its county tax amounted to $112,000; in 1880 the Commissioners have levied a tax of $30,- 000, sufficient for all purposes, and say that the roads and bridges are all in good order, and that property in the county is increasing in value. G. T. MOON has found in Bichwooda two of the largest Indian relics that are extant. The first is a flint spear head, larger than a man's head, and of the regulation shape. The other is a battle- ax, made of Lake Superior stone. They were dug up on Ten-Mile creek. The ax will weigh from ten to fifteen pounds* AN altercation took place at Madison, the other night, between Officer Hart and a party of tramps. One of them fired at Hart, the bullet entering the back part of the head and causing a painful, though not dangerous, scalp- wound. Hart returned the fire, and one of them, named James Casey, fell mortally wounded. He died next morn­ ing. He gave his address as Hubbard street, Chicago. The' jury exonerate*! the policeman from all blame. AT the Holiness camp-meeting, near Kappo, Woodford county, the other day, a young woman addressed the throng, says a local scritie, in a very spasmodic and watery manner. She informed her deeply-interested audience that she ^either banged her hair nor the stove- covers ; that she didn't sing " Meet Me by Moonlight Alone," nor use paint on her face; and she kept insisting with many gestures and much vehemence that the immediate presence eft' the liord was there, until the holiness people down on her. ^ J si' y-j ! A Year Hence, In England. i Scene at an English postoffice not ' year, according to Sir William Jennert | Enter householder. Householder (to | clerk)--I want licenses for two dogs, ! please. Clerk--Nothine else, sir ? House- i holder--Ye-es {xotfo i o"< ). I think I'll I take a twenty-shilling drunken license, muau^ over uu«m.e»» , uuiiu» uP » ; covers four convictions, doesn't it? competence on the foundation he has ^ ones olllv> 8ir'. Violence laid in early manhood, and passes , s:xpence Full ones, with liberty to assault the police, are ten shillings. Householder--I think I'll take two of them, aud two plain ones. Clerk--Noth­ ing else, sir? Householder--Yes. lam going to Ireland for a short time. Let and passes through a period of life attended by many gratifications. Having gone a year or two over 60 he arrives at a standstill. But athwart this is the via­ duct called the turn of life, which, if crossed in safety , h;ads ,ne 'lftve one crown license to make • old age," round which the river winds, , ]it- Sl1_hes rierk--Here it is ....1 i 1 „ hont. nr eanse- ,tHUUOU8 speecues. viera--riere is is 50th year. , --. . Dryden, in his 68tli year, commenced apoplexy are also in the vicinity to way- e the translation of " iEnid," his most j hiy the traveler andrtlirnst liim from the the aud then beyond, without boat or cause- - landlord shooting li- wav, to effect his 1™^'- \ cense at the Dublin offices. And won't is, however, construc i* trodden 1 voa have a life license to spread small- one. {Pays, and exit, thoroughly 3 pleasing production. j pass ; but let him gird up las kuns and Thousands of examples of men who j provide him with a fitter staff, and he commenced a new study, either for a may trudge on in salety suul with per- livelihood or amusement, at an advanced i feet composure. To qiut metaphor, age could be cited. But every one fa- " the turn of life " is a turn either into miliar with the biography of distin­ guished men will recollect individual cases enough to convince him that none but the sick and indolent will ever say, "I too old to learo." A Brotherly Expression. Clergymen, like other mortals, oc­ casionally find that they have chosen unaccommodating helpmates. One of these ladies made a rather awkward mis­ take. Her husoand, having brought a brother clergyman home to dine with liim, went into another apartment to speak to his spouse about the repast, when she attacked him and abused him for bringing a parcel of idle fellows to a prolonged walk or into the grave. The system and powers, having reached the utmost expansion, now begin either to close like a flower at sunset or break down at once. One injudicious stimu­ lant, a single fatal excitement, may force it beyond its strength/5 while a careful supply of props and the with­ drawal of all that tends to force a plant for the year.) Two colored men of Charleston* S. C., were overcome by the " foul air " at the bottom of a well which they went into i to clean. Two others weut to assist them and died also. The "fool air** ' was probably only carbonic acid gas, ' which if present in comparatively small proportion in the air, is fatal to living beiugs. There are valleys iu Germany where so much carbonic acid gas la developed all the time that birds who. dip iuto this atmosphere fall dead, audi will sustain it iu beauty and vigor until ! ^ niffht lias eutirelv set in. mountain side meet the same fate. Thoee mgbt has entirely set in. wlu> ^p iu cw rooms, with no window PcmcK A SIMPSON, the London lit- or door open, and get up in the moraiug erary auctioneers, lately offered for sale feeling "half dead" have suailiurly a poem by Burns, written by him on two poisoned by the carlwuic aoia iu OUK* panes of "glass, which once formed part j feul-emauations of their longs. -- of a summer house. • Jitatth Monthly*