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f.A- , 'nirfA r . - • ;;v tmz ;4 * I?* * mmm f?laintltalei :';; I. VftN SLYKE. Efltsran* PstfWw. Mchenry, t t i ! ILLIXOI& ; -jWSSS I PRESIDENT GARFIELD. -f : Inauguration of the Twentieth f j Chief Magistral / ̂ - • i • •• -- Jbjtoreeting Scenes and Incidents ' . Attending the Cerembiftas. 7ABEWEU, TO KKXTOK. *|nss A-Garfield, twentieth Piestdeat tf the United States, left his quiet home at M on tor, Ohio, for the National Capital on the last day of February. Almost the entire population of Mentor and the neighboring villages, reinforced by friends of the family and politicians from distant cities, assembled to bid the President­ elect good-by. After an uncomfortably-long and tedious address made to him bv Mayor Tinker, of I'aiiKsville, Ohio, Gen. Garfield spoke as fol­ lows : FELLOW-CITJZENF «N> NEIOHBOBS OF LUCK COUNTY : I thank you for the cordial and kind­ ly greeting and farewell. You have come from your homea, than which no happier are known in this, country, from this beautiful lakeside, full of i&ll that makep country life happy, to give me your bient-ing and farewell. You do Jiot know how much I leave behind me of friendship, aud confidence and homelike hap- plnesM; but I know I am indebted to this peo­ ple for acts of kindness, of neighborly friend­ ship, of political confidence, of public Support that few men have ever enjoyod at the hands of any peop e. You are a part o? this great community of Northern Ohio, which for so mam- years has had no political desire but the good of your country, and now wish but the promotion of liberty and justice; have had no scheme but the building op of all that was worthy and true in our republic. If I were to search over all the world. I oould not find a better model of political spirit, of as­ pirations for tta truth and the right, ttiaa I iiave found in this community during Ihe eighteen yours its people have honored me with their contidence. I ttiank the citizens of this county for their kindness, and especially my neigliOors of Mentor, who have demanded so little of mo and liave done so much to make my home a refuge andaloy. What awaits me I cannot speak of, but I shall carry to the dis­ charge of the duties that lie belore me, to the problems and dangers I may meet, a seme of yonr, confidence and your love, which will al­ ways be answered by my gratitude. Neighbors, frwnas, constituent*, farewell. Tint JOURSI5T TO WA8HlN(»TO». - The distinguished party--consisting of Gen. Garfield aud wife, hi* mother, Mrs. Eliza Gar­ field, his two sons, lrvin and Abram, and his daughter, Miss Mollie, with four servants, Gen. D. G. Swaim, <X>L L. A. Slieldon and wife, Capt. C. £. Henry, O. L. J add, and JL D. Brown, Secretary--then boarded the train and began tneir Eastward journey. The entire trio by rail to Washington was a re­ markably quiet one. Stops were few and short, and everything wan in keeping, as much as possible, witti the General's uesire that the journey might be free from display. Only three BIKO ies w ere made on the way, and they were all coutined to towns in his old Con­ gressional district--Ashtabula, Warren and YoUngstowtL AT THE CAPITAL. Gen. Garfield arrived at Washington on (he morning of the 1st of March. Tnerc was a disposition to receive him with various military ana civic formalities, but he requested that this should not be done. A fevr geitttenuiu al the depot, and there was a large crowd outside. Two rows of policemen kept the throng back, and between these rows Gen. Garfield and his family passed. The aged mother of the Presi­ dent-elect was supported by her son to the car­ riage. She was driven directly to the White House, Gen, Garfield and his family ware driven to the Riggs House, wiiere apartments had been secured for them so high np as to be out of the reach or curious people. During the three following days the General found himself overrun with visitors. Almost affi who called were invited to go to his roonra, but the crowds constantly waiting were so great that many left, contented with simply sending their cards. On Wednesday, the 2d inst., an elegant re­ ception was given by Congressman Chittenden, of New York, in honor of the President-elect, which was mainly routined to gentlemen guests. The supper is described as a very elaborate one, and champagne, wo are told, followed in abundance. On Thursday, the 3d, the last «nt?rtainmeut of the out-goibg administration was given at the Executive Mansion, the ojCd«ion being a state dinner in houor of the PresicUut-elei'tjuid Mrs. G;irlield. l'lie guei-tw were principally #tomOnio. We are informed by the ever-prtssent Jenkins that on tbi-t occasion -and we record it here for the benefit of our lady readers--Mrs. Hayes woro a superb white satin, brocaded in clusters, of. rosebuds and leaves wrought with threads of gold ; that Mrs. Gar- j field wore black velvet, with point-lace collar i and nifties at the sleeves; that Mrs. G., like • Mrs. H., eschews jewelry ; that Mrs. H. was j radiant, and the lite of the party ; and tliat ; Mrs. G. appeared quiet, but seif-poasesaed. j Among the vast crowds of visitors reaching { the capital on the evening of the 30th, was j Gen. Hancock. Large numbers of his ad­ mirers met the great defeated at the depot, j took the horses from the carriage after ho had , entered 1:, and drew him up Pennsylvania ave- I nne in triumph. j THE 1KAVOUBAL. GEHEMONIKS. I The weather on the morning of the 4th. looked 1 dfeciaedly gloomy. It wag mowing and the : streets were covered with water 4hat stood in : tremendous pools to the disgust of the eager ; iestrians. To add to the discomfort under ; Mr. Fruits, Knights Templar, Ald»-df»-C'nmp. Mr. Fentoii, Washington, J}. C., Aide-'le-Camp, ator H. B. Anthony, and Senator Thomas J Bayard. Then followed: Twelve companies of regular artillery, four companies of the marine battalion, and the Cleveland (Ohio) Cavalry troop, eacorting President Garfield, consisting of forty men, officered as follows : Oantain, W. H. Harris; First Lieutenant, G. A. Ganetzon; Second Lieutenant, H. H. liax- ; ter; Surgeon, N. Schneider ; Chapiain, G. Ootlias ; First Sergeant, BL K. Meyers; Third Or. Frol p. Wright, Washington, D. C., Alde-dr» Camp. Xir. Dubamel, Washington, D. C., Alde-dtM'anjp, « Then followed three fonr-hors© carnages, cont«ining President B. B. Hayes. President­ elect James A. Garfield, Vice President W. A. Wheeler, Vice Prcsidcnt-elect C. A. Arthur, and an escort committee of .Senators, con­ sisting of Senate.' George H. Pendleton, Sen- Sergeant, H. C, Bouse. Colnmb.a Commmndery, No. 3, Kalgfats Tatajplar. Sir Wnu H. Browu, Oencr^lwtRio^ Grand Army of the Bepub.ir -Commander, Win. + (r. Mbaon; Senior Vice Cornwall <i<-r, Ml 1 " Tprady; Junior Vice(';>mmandrr, Amos • ' , W F. Ma.vfortl; Medical Director. J. EdwSn Mason; Chaplain, tl:et "BBV. Benjamin Swallow. Band. Basis ef Dm Departments of the U. A. K. John A. Bawlins Poet, No, 2, Oommandar lfc E. Urell. Kit Obmsb Post, No. 2, James M. Kdgar, Oooa- mander. Lincoln Post, No. 3. N. M. Brooks, Oonupander. a P. Morton Past, No. 4, William K. Hall, Com- • mandsr. Oepsgs 0. Meads Post, No 5, Thomas 0. Altos, Commander. iota V. Reynolds Post, No. 6, t. B. Parker, Oom- niander. B#sin Bine, Oen. E, c. Ford, Commander. . U. 8. Grant Club, Col. Seeley. ••Pap" Thomas Club, Col. Montss. Columbia Club, Col. Kart. Bosom Conklin^ Clab, Col. Oyetsr. ' AMSA. Garfield &fnt-Ilibbon Clut>, Col, lllkHM, The United Stated Naval Csdeta. 0MSTBV AND All TILLV;RV niVISX<W. CtaL Bobssoo, Lieut. Cora. Tiionaaa, Ueuta. Parker, BHRU and Miller. Two Horse Uatteries, Abattallor. of the Washington I.lght Infantry, four ea^Spaniss, Co), (j. W. Moore, cominaiid- inn; Firtt Lieutenant, W. N. Dal- ton; Second Lieutenant, B. E. ROM; Hampton Cadets, Virginia, Capt. Bomsina. Langston Guards, Norfolk, Vs., Capt W. H. Palmer, forty men. Katlanal Rifles, Washington, Col. J. 0.9. Bwrn- •ide, eommandiug; Aret platoon., Oapt Fitagerald; wcoiul platoon, Cspt. Bassetl. Signal Gorps, TTnited States Army, Brigidler Gen. W. IS. H*zen. cr>mmanding. Nutth Now York Col. Oscar Bider, mustering »>00 men. EWTHCSIA8TU: HECKPT10!f. As the two Presidential carriages came oat of the White House grounds, a shout, long and loud, wont up. President Garfield. Vice President Arthur and ex-President Hayes un­ covered as they rode down the avenue, and the shoutings and hurrahs were almost incessant. Bodies of armed a«d unarmed men marched and countermarched on tho avenue and at al­ most every approach to it, getting into position lor the procession on the return from the Capi­ tol. The procession was formed in accordance with the programme, and marched in order to the east front of the Capitol, where a large platform had been erected for the accommoda­ tion of the Presidential party, Senators, Repre­ sentatives and members of the pres-<. As Gen. Garfield passed through the east door of the Capitol building to the portico, he looked upon the most extraordinary spectacle that has ever met the eyes of a President in muking the journey from the Senate Chamber to the spot associated with the beginning of so many memorable administrations. In front was a solid mass of people, princi­ pally men. covering all the space between the Capitol steps and the Washington statue. Standing through the masses of people in black was a line of bright uniforms, and 'ringing the edges of the crowd were pictur­ esque groupings of color in gnidon, plume and tlagi Beyond, branching out on the circling roadways of Capitol hill, like the lines of a de 1, foot, the wind was cold and blustering, aud after the snow ceased to fall, except by tits and > starts, dark clouds floated across the sky J in a threatening, dismal manner. At < about 10:30 o'clock, however, the sun crept ' out with a sickly smile that, i while not very comforting, was a little encour- i aging. The day continued to improve until, at j 1 o'clock, the sun shone brightly, but could not do much to soften the cold west wind that I chilled the watching mull itude upon the streets, j At 10 o'clock President Hayes, accompanied ! by Senators Anthony, Bayard and Pendleton, j called at the Biggs House for Gen. Garfield j and drove to the White House, the place of , starting on the journey to the CapitoL j At 10:30 a chorus of bugles announced the j arrival of President Haves mid President­ elect Garfield from the hotel, who were re­ ceived in the ante room bv Mr. Pendleton, and i .'or a brief moment the ladies and gentlemen | •»nd their invited friends in (he hou-e greeted , each other with a ba*ty good uiorniug iu the j iied Boom. Col. Casey then announced that i t-vervtbing was ready, and assigned the party to «->ri i«r">! in the following order : First--Gen. Garfield's mother and wife; Mrs. Hayes, Mollie Garfield and Fanny Hayes. Second- Mrs. Dr. Davis, Mrs*. Merron, Cin­ cinnati ; Mr. and Mrs. Andrews and Miss Bol­ lard, Cleveland. Third -Mrs. Mason and three daughters, Cleveland. Fourth--IIarry, Jimmy and Irrin Garfield and Scott Hayes. Fifth--Messrs. gwaim and Rockwell, Mrs. Deschler and Mrs. Green, of Cleveland. . Sixth--Miss Cook, Mr. and Mrs. Nobla, of Columbus. A magnificent four-in-hand of bays drove up, , drawing an open barouche, into which stepped : President Hayes and Gen. Garfield, accompa- j nied bv St nators Anthony and Bayard, who were driven off a short distance, and were followed by a carriage containing Vice President-elect Arthur aud Senator Pendleton, drawn by a beautiful four-in-hand of grays. The Presidential party were halted an instant whhe the Cleveland troops tiled in ahead, and the Cleveland Grave fell in immediately in the rear. At the gate Geo. Sherman as Grand Marshal took charge of the process ion, arranging the Presidential essort in the following order: J,' _ ... . Tw-.' platoons of city poSU-p, mounted, r "Jr Marshal Gen. Win. T. 8ht rm&n and the fol- JBwnig,Jils aidfH ; Gen. Lloyd Asjiinwall, fit * N<"W York; Col. L. M. Dayton, < f Ohio; !' ... i6"4, *'• v- Green, <f \Va»hington. . ? ™emher» of the staff of tlie General of V<L Army: Col. B. T. Dodge, Col. 3. C. Tib- ball, Oo'u A. P. Morrow, Col. 3. 11 : Bseon, Gen. O. M. Pr«? from New York, Ciiief of Staff. ntst Lient George Mitch«ll, Adjutant Second Ar- tiUer>-, A««i«tant Adjutant General fUatLieut. Hci.ree Hsuitb,Reglmcnte]Q iart^r.-Mtsr Becoml Anlctaut Quarter^ outer Grawii, - flseont lint O. O. Ajres, Tenth Oavsky, AtiMe- Bseowaiint £. M. *«»w, Jr., ~-rnafl Irtlllni • Aide-de-Camp. , 4*CMM1 Lieut McKnight, , Ckirl* XcCouwr, Eighth (^4, |, • w-j -- "1-Tr ill fias wailing army. wf>n> rnn.Mucaof trnop=. tlie brisrht rwl facings of the hght-blue everooats and the tr»pi<ings of the meu in black or dark bluo shiniug out in sharp-cut splendor iu contrast with the heavy masses nearer. On the tcrrice-i to the right and left; on the roof of the C.ipi'.ol; in the windows and on 'he balconies aud other prominences were rewdi of people struggling for plaoe Or foot- old. As the procession debouched upon the ter- ace the head moved steadily to the front, but the main part of the column, composed of grave Senators and Bflnrcsf utatives and ladies who are leaders of society, broke into fragments and deployed to tho right and loft, as if preparing for an impetuov.s eijaw on Ihe crowd in front. There was a good-humored bramble that threw even tho stsid diolomati^ corps into a sort of a panic, and the gold lace picturesque costumes went to the front in the spirit of impulse that seemed to control the en­ tire crowd admitted to the platform. The Britishers and the suites of the German, French, Spanish, and Japanese Ministers looked on with amusement at first, and then* breaking ranks, proceeded to skip over the chairs ana acramble forward after the manner of the dls- tinauished Americans. For a few minute* tho scone was an exciting one, but in a short space of tirno the people had settled down to a dignified repo-te of man­ ner, and stood expectantly waiting for the cere­ monies to begin. The space on die platform had been very carefully mapped <jnt, but the scramble hail itrokeu up the ireogvaphy of tho arrangement, and newspaper meti fonVl themselves where the diplomatic corps ought to have been, aud Senators and their Indies looked serent'y down Troth the place where tlie plans aud specifii^- dom said the reporters were to be. President Htyes, Qen. OarGeld, Chief Jns- tico Waite, and others of the Presidential par­ ty, arrived at the rfpponted place w thout be­ ing subjected to tlie pressure prevailing on either hide, and were rev ived with tremendous cheering. Gen. <>arfteld was sonted with tho Chief Jus­ tice on hip right aud the Pre-itieut on his left. Behind (inn sat his mother, wife nnd daughter, Mrs. llavei and daua;hter. and Vice Pie^dent Arthur: and, to his left. Senators Pendletop, Bayard and Anthony, of the special committee of fscort. (^eti. Garfield, when introduced, threw off his overcoat, and, waiting until tho cheering snli- sidvd, began bis address. He read from mnini- senpt. and spoke with unusual deliberation, but the first r.nging S'-ntcnee was in its diction and delivery so like Gariiold that it raci the expectancy and fixed the interest of all withiu hearing. Hie day, which had been dreary and stormy, brightened about this time, and the sun came out from its hiding place. There was a strong, cold wind blowing from the sourh, taking np with a western impulse aw it swept round the corner of the Capitol building, and Gen. Gar­ field spoke-against this. Yet his voice was, during the first start of his long address, clear and strong. He faoed the greater pjrt of the time to the southeast and received r«.p-iated in­ vitations from the crowd below to face tlie other way. There was less freedom of gesture than is usual with Gen. Garfield, bnt at times he caught the hampering manuscript in his clenched hand and ilungit aloft man emphatic forceful sweep. Again he brought his closed hand down with tierce fervor on tin- rail in front, but for the* most part contented himself with making his points effective by the extraor­ dinary plan of emphasis aud modulation at his command. As an oratorical display the effort did not come up to his famous Chic.igo speech, and not ouce di 1 he lean back in the old famil­ iar w»v, and swing his arms/as is his wont when he gives fret' rein to bis impetuous ora­ tory. Following is Gen. Garfield's inatural ad­ dress iu full: FELLOW-CITIZESS : We stand to-day upon an eminence which overlooks a hundred ytars of national life--a century crowded witn perilr. but crowned with the triumphs of libert? and love. Before contiuuing our onward mxrch, let us pause on this height for a moment, to strcngihen our faith and renew our liow bv » glauce at the pathway along whieli on/ jieople have traveled. It is now three days moru than Ifl© years niuca the adoption of tho flint written constitution of the United States, the articles of confederation and of perpetual union. Tue new republic was thent beset with danger on everv hand. It had not conquered a piiK-e r the : ami!v of nations. Tho decisive battle of the war for independence, whose centennial anniversary will soon be gratefully celebrated at Yorktown, had not yet been fought The colonists were struggling not onlv against the armies of Great Britain, but against the settled opinions of mankind, for tho world did not lielieve that the supreme authority of gov­ ernment could be safely intrusted to the guardianship of the people themselves We cannot overestimate the fervent love of liberty, the intelligent courage and saving common sense with which our fathers made the great experiment of self-government When they found after a short time that the confederacy of States was too weak to meet the necessities of a vigorous ami expanding republic, they boldly set it aside, aad in its stead established a national Union, founded directly upon the wilt of tha people, and en­ dowed it with future powers of aelf~pr»Mttv»- ttoo and with ample authority for tho accom- oi its grsat ufajsUsi Uaiar.fhis 'constitution the boundaries of freedom have been enlarged, the foundations of order and pence have been strengthened, and the growth in all the bet ter elements of national life has vindicated the wisdom of the founders and given new hope to their descendants. Under this constitution, our people long ago made themselves safe against danger from without, and socured for their marines and flag ah equality of rights on all the seas. Under this eonstitntion twenty-tire States have been added to the Union, with constitntions aud laws framed and enfoic-jd bv their own citizens, to secure tho manifold blessiugs of local and s.lf government. The jurbdictiou of this constitution now covers an area ftflv times greater than that of the original thirteen States, and a population twenty times greater than uat of 178H. The mpietn© trial of the constitution came at last under the tremendous pressure of civil war. We ourselves are wit- aesses that the Union emerged fnwu tho blood and tire of that, conflict. puriSed and mad® •tronger for all the beneficent purpose* of good gov eminent, and now, at the ORISO of tlris first •tnturv of growth, with inspirations of its his­ tory in thoir hearts, our people have latclv n>- viewed the condition of the nation, passed judgment upon the conduct and opinions of Ihe political parties, aud have register^ their will concerning tho future administration of Government. To interpret and execute that will, in accordance with the constitution, b the paramount duty of the Executive. Even from this brief review, it is manifest that the natiou is resolutely facing to tue front, resolved to employ its best ent ries io dlveloning the great possibilities of th- 'f'iture. Stecndlv preserving whatever has In-eu gained to liberty aud good go*eruwent during the century, our people are determined to leave be­ hind them all those- bitter oouti"Oversiea ton^ cerniog things which have been irrevocably settled, and tile further discussion of *hich ean only stir np strife and delav the onward niareii The supremacy of the natiou aud its laws should be no longer a subject of debate. T»iat dis •ussion. w hich for half a century tl.reat- eued the existence of tlie Uniou,.was closed at last in the high court of war. by a docroe from which there is no appeal, that the onMitnti vn and laws made iu pursuance thereof shall c«>n- /tiiiue to be tno supreme law of the land, bind­ ing alike upon the State* and upon the people. This decree d'not disturb the autonomy or the States nor interfere- with any of their miees- sarv rules or local self-government, but it does fix and establish the j)enn:ineiit supremacy of the Union. The will of the nation, ^caking with the voice of battle, and through the amended constitution, has fulfilled the great promise* of 1776, by proclaiming •• Libtrtv throughout the land to all the inh«hi»«ntr thereof." The elevation of the negro race from slavery to the lull tights of citizenship is the most im- ponaut |x>iitical change we have known since theadojtijn of the constitution of 17S?. No tuou^htfu! mau can fail to appreciate it* benefi­ cent effect upon our institution^ and people. It has freed us froui the |s i|>c4ual danger of war and dissolution. It has added immensely to the moral and industrial forces of our jieo­ ple. It has liberated the master as well as the slave from the relation which wronged and enfeebled both. It has surrendered to their own guardianship the manhood of more than 6,000,u00 jieople, and has opened to each one of them a career of free­ dom and usefulness; it has given new inspiration to the power of self-help in both races by making labor more honorable to one and more necessary to the other. The influence of this force will grow greater and hear richer fruit with coming years. No doubt the great change has caused serious disturbance to our Southern community. This is to be deplored, though it Was unavoidable ; but those wild re­ sisted the change should r^memb ?r that under our institutions there was no middle ground for the negro race between slavery and eijiial citi­ zenship. There can be no permanent disfran­ chised peasantry in the United Statea. Freedom can never yield it# fuU.iess of blessings as long as law or ita administration places the smallest obstacle in the pathway of any virtuous citizen. Tne emancipated face iius already made remarkable progress. With unquestioning devotion to the Union, with a patience and'gontleness not born of fear, they have " followed the light as God gave them to see the light." They are rapidly laying the material foundations of self-support, widening the circle or intelligence, and beginning to en-, joy the blessings that gather around the, homes of the industrious poor. They deserve the gen­ erous encouragement of all good men. So far as my authority can lawfully extend they shall enjoy the full and equal protection of the con­ stitution and laws. The free enjoyment of equal suffrage is still in question, and a frank statement of the issue may aid its solution. It is alleged that iu many communities negro citizens are practically de­ nied the freedom of the ballot. In so far as the truth of this allegation is admitted, it is answered that in many places honest local gov­ ernment is ithooBi-ibie if tlie mass of unedu­ cated negroes are allowed to vote. These are grave allegations. So far as the lattor is true it is tlie only palliation that can be offered for opp »sing the freedom of the ballot. A bad IOCHI government is certainly a great evil which ought to be prevented, but to violate the freedom and sanctity of suffrage is more than an evii; it is a crime which, if pen-isted iu, will destroy tho Govern­ ment itself. Suicide is not a remedy. If in other lands it be bigh treason to conipahS the death of the King, it should lie eouutea no less a crime here to strangle our sovereign power and st'tle its voice. It lias been said that un­ settled questions have no pitv for the repose of nations; it should be said, with the utmost em­ phasis, that this question of suffrage will never give rep.>f«or safety to- the Statts or to the nation until each, within its own Jurisdiction, make* aud keeps the b«liot free and pure by the strong temcaons of law. But the danger which arises from ignorance in the voter cannot be denied. It covers a held far wider than that of negro suffrage aad the present condition of that race. It is a danger that lurks and hides in the courses aud fount­ ains ot power m every State. We have no standard by which to measure the disaster that may lie brought upon us by ignoranee and vice in citizens wlien joined to corruption and fraud in suffrage. The voters of the Union who make aiul unmake constitutions, ant upon whose will hangs the destiny of our govern­ ments, cau transmit their t-npreme au liortty to no successor save the coming generation of voters, who are i-ole heirs of our sovereign powers. If that generalim conies to its inherit­ ance blinded by ignorauoe and co-.rupud by vice, the fall of the republic will be certain and retned.loss. The census has already sounded the alarm in appalling flguros which mark how dangerously lugU the tide of illiteracy lias risen among our voters and their children. To the South the question is of supreme importance, but Ihe responsibility for the existence of slav­ ery did not rest on ihe South alone. Tlie na­ tion itself is responsible for the extent-ion of suffrage, and is under special ol I gations to aid in removing the illiteracy which u has added to the voting population of the North and South alike. There is but one remedy. All the con­ stitutional power of the nation and of the States, and all the voluuteer lorcesof the peo­ ple should be summoned to meet tills dancer by the paving influence of universal education, It is a high privilege and sacred duty of those now living to educate their Kuccessors, and fit thein bv intelligence and virtue for the inheritance which awaits them in this l>enefi- cent work. Sections a:;d raoes should be for- Kotteu, and partisanship should be unknown. Let our people find a new meaning in the di­ vine oracle whL-h declares that •' a little child shall lead them." For our little children will soon control the destinies ot the republic. My countrymen, we do not now differ in our Judgment concerning the controversies of past generations, and fifty years hence our childcen will not be divided iii their opinions concerning our controverts. They will surety bless their fathers and their fathers' God that the Union was preserved: that slaveiy was overthrown, and tiiat both races were made equal before the law. We may hasten or we may retard, but we canuot prevent the final reconciliation. Is it not pohsible for us now to make a truce with time by anticipating and accepting its inevita­ ble verdicts ? Enter prison of the highest im­ portance to our moral and material weU-being invite us, and offer ample scope for the em­ ployment of our best powers. I Jet alt our peo pie, leaving behind them the battle-fields of dead issues, move forward, and, iu the strength of liberty and a restored Union, win tlie grander victories of peace. The prosperity which now prevails is without Sarallei in our history. Fruitful seasons have one much to secure it, but t hey have not done all. The preservation of the public credit, and the resumption of specie payments, so suc­ cessfully attained by the administration of my predecessors, has enabled our people to secure the blessings which tlie seasons brought By the experience of commercial nations in all ages, it has been found that gold and silver afford the only safe foundation for a mone­ tary »yste.fi: Confusion has recently been cre­ ated by mri&tioBs in the relative value of the two metals, but I confidently believe that ar­ rangements can be made between the 1 fa ding commercial nations which will secure the gen­ eral use of both metals. Conmes abotold provide that compulsory coinage chasing power of every coined dollar will be exactly equal to its debt-payiug power in the markets of the world. The chief duty of the National Government in connection with the currency of the country, is to com and declare its value. Grave doubts have been entertained whether Congress is authorized bv the con­ stitution to make any form of paper money le­ pra! tender. Tlie present Issue of United States notee has been sustained by the necessities of war, but such paper should depend for Its value and currency upon its convenience iu use and its prompt redemption in coiu at the will of a holder, and not upon its compulsory circulation. These notes are not money, but promises to pay money. If holders demand it, the promise should be kept. Tho refunding of the National debt at. alower rate or interest sheuld be -accomplished without compelling the withdrawal or the national bank notes, aad thus disturbing the business of the country. I venture to refer to the petition j nave occupied on nnaucial questions aunng my long service in Congress, aud to say that time and evperi.*uce have strengthened the opinions 1 have so often express! on these Kubjects. The linauees of the Government shall suffer no detriment which it may be pos­ sible for my administration to prevent The interests oSericulture deserve more at­ tention from tl.e Government than they have yet received. The farms oT the United States afford homes and employment for more than : one-half the people, and fnrnish much the ! largest part of all our exports. As thi Govern- i ment lights our coasts for the protection of mariners and for the l>eue8t of eonmicree, so it should give to the tillers of the soil the lights of practical science and experience. Our manufacturers are rapidly making us in­ dustrially independent, ami are onening to capital and labor new and profitable fields of mipioyment This steady and healthy growth should still lie maintained. Our facilities for transportation should be promoted by the continued improvement of our harbors and great interior v ater-wavs, and by the increase of our tonnage on the" ocean. The development of the world's commerce has led to an urgent demand for shortening the great sea voyage around Cape Horn, by constructing ship canaU or railways across the _ isthmus which unites the two continents. Various plans to this end have been suggested] but none of them have been snuieiently matured to warrant the United State's extending pecuniary aid. The subject is one which will immediately engage the atten­ tion of the Government, with a view to thor­ ough protection to American interests. We will urge no narrow policy, nor seek peculiar or exclusive privilege* in any commercial route, but in the language of uyr predecessors, I be­ lieve it is to be "the right and duty of the United States to assert and maintain such supervision and authority over any inter oce­ anic canal across the isthmus that connects North and South Amerioa, as will protect our national interests." The constitution guarantees absolute religious freedom. Congress is also prohibited from making any law respecting the extabMshment of religion or prohibiting the free exordee thereof. The Territories of the United States are subject to the direct legislative authority of Congress, and hence the General Govern­ ment is responsible for any violation of the constitution in any of them. It is, therefore, a reproach to the Government that in the moat populous of the Territories the constitutional guarantee is not enjoyed uy inu people, and the authority of Congress is set at naught. The Mormon church not only offends the moral sense ojf mankind by sanc­ tioning polygamy, but prevents the administra­ tion of justice through the ordinary instrn- mentalitie-. of law. In my judgment it is the duty of Congress, while respecting to the ut­ most the conscientious convK-tions and relig­ ious scruples of every citizen, to prohibit, within its jurisdiction, all enmiiftl practices, especially of that class which destroy family relations and endanger social order. nor can any eccesiastical organisation be Bafely per­ mitted to usurp in the smallest d^ree the functions and powers of the national Govern­ ment The civil service cau never be placed en a satisfactory basis until it is regulated by law. For the good of the service itself, for the pro­ tection of those who are inlrunted with the ap­ point ug |>ower against tlie waste of time aud tlie obstruction to pttblio business cataed bv inordinate pressure for place, and for the pro­ tection of incumbents against intrigue and wrong. Iwbali at the proper time ask Congress to fix the tenure of minor offices of the several | executivs departments, aud uivseiibo the | grounds upon which removals snail be made I during the terms for which the incumbents ! have been appointed, u Finally, acting always within the authority I and limitations of the constitution, invading [ neither the rights of Stites nor the reserved rights of tlie people, it will be the purpose of I my administration to maintain authority, and, in all placeK within its jurisdiction, to enforce obedience to all the lawn of tho Union, in the inttreat of the people; to demand a rigid econ­ omy in all tlie ex|iendituren of the Government, and to require honest and faithful services of all the executive ollicLin, remembering, that offices were created not for the benett' of iu- eumbents or their supporters, but for the serv­ ice of tbe Government. And now, fellow-citizens, I am about to as­ sume the great trust which you have conimited to my hands. I appeal to you for that earnest and thoughtful support which makes this Gov- erumontiu fact as it is in law--a Government of the people. I shall greatly rely upon the wisdom and patriotism of Congress and of those who may sharo with me the responsibili­ ties and duties of the administration ; and, above til. upon our efforts to promote the wel- far e of this great people ana their Govern­ ment, I reverently invoke the support and blessiog of Almighty God, AH soon as the oath was administered, he turned impulsively to his mother and kissed her. and tlieu ki»t>ed his wife. The little inci­ dent was very touching because of the over­ powering impulse that controlled President Garaeld at tlie moment, and it called out a tremendous cheer. '1 he crowd from first to last were disposed to license the General's mo­ tions, aad would probably not have forgiven hinl had he not stooped and crowned his nioth- readered ef easy performanoe by your unit- form leniency and forbearance. I am g&ro that iu this parting hour I need no other guarantee of full amnesty for ait my short* coming*. If 1 do, it is furnished in vour very kind resolution of approval of my official I action. I shall carry into my retirement grate- j fill memories of personal kindness, alike of the j Senate and its ofiicers, and cordial wishes for j future well-being of all, and now I proclaim my I last official act by declaring t hat, the hour for i the termination of the Forty-sixth Congress i having Brrivod, the Senate stands adjourned | without day. I Vice-President Arthur hen assumed the : chair, and delivered the usual formal i as follows : i SENATORS : 1 come as your presiding oflt* i c«r with genuine solicitude. Kemeintiering my inexperience iu parliamentary proceedin^ I cannot for«et how importaut iulnoate and often embarrassing are the duties of tho chair. On tue threshold of our official asso­ ciation, I invoke that courtesv aud kindness with which you have been wont to aid your presiding officer. I shall need vour coustaut encouragement and support, and I rely with confidence on your lenient judgment of any errors into which I may fall. In return, be assured of mv earnest purpose to administer your rules in the spirit of absolute fairness; to treat every Senator, at all times, with tW courtesy and just consideration due to rep­ resentatives of equal States, and to do my part, as assuredly each of you will do bis, to maintain the order, decorum and dignity of the Senate, I trust the official and ik Monal j relations upon which we now enter will be marked with mutual confidencc and regard, and that all our obligations will be so fulfilled and redeemed to our own honor, to the glory of our common country, and the prosperity of allits people. I am now ready to take the oath of office prescribed by the constitution. This country has witnessed no military dis­ play of such proportions as wag seen on this" occasion since the return of Sherman's army and the grand review at the close of the war. Gen. Sherman wisely concluded to make the escort to the Capitol and the procession separate performances. This course excited a great deal of grumbling at first, but the General adhered to his programme, maintaining that it would take too long to move such a body of men to have the main parade on the way to the Capitol, which must be reached at a certain moment, He preferred to have the escort a smaller body, so it was arranged that but a single division should participate in the first cereroonv. A careful estimate places the numlier of* men marchiag in the column at 20,000. Of this number there were fully 12,000 infantry, be­ side the batteries and seven! troops of cav- took over two hours for the column to pass the stand in review. President Garfield made many pleasant comments upon the ap­ pearance of the various commands as they passed. i be meeting between the President and Gen. Hancock was watched with interest Neither gentleman showed by word or look that their relations had over been of an extraordinary character. They met as friends who enjoy a mutual respect for each other, and they grasped hands as cordially as did any others that mot on this historic scene. After leaving the grand stand, President Garfield, with Mrs. Gardeld upon his arm, walked to the Executive Mansion. Ei-President Haves and family left the White House in the afternoon, and went to the residence of Senator Sherman, from which four years ago they went to the White House. The day's celebration was brought to a close in the evening by a brilliant display of fire­ works at tlie head of Penns>lvania avenue, om the piazza in the rear of the Treasury building. The inaugural ball, in the evening, tnrnM out, as it wds designed, to be one of the grand­ est Affairs of the century. Of/JC JUVENILES. M I :. * i «-?v; •? n&lf -H i&» 1 er's supreme happiness in this day by a kiss. Ex-l'resident Hayes was the first to greet and congratulate Gen. Garfield as President, ef dnr now required by law ma/ no* disturb our monetary mtaa by either metal oat of circulation.. If ay no" driving IGESIBK and was f illowed by Vice President Arthur and Senators Pendleton, Bayard and Anthony, of the committee. The President and party were then escorted to the carriages In waiting, and took their places in the procession, which was formed ready for marching. The crowd in front included every grade of people, as well as men of all parties and from all sections of the country. There was a fair sprinkling of colored persons present, all of whom were greatly pleased at Gen. Garfield's reference to their race. When the time came the crowd scattered with the suddenness of an explosion, and, as Gen. Garfield's carriage turned into the avenue, he looked iu one direction upon M.OOO people moving in diverging lines, and in the other upon an orderlv muss that covered the breadth of Peuusvlvai.iv avenue, from house to ltoiute, as far as Lis eye could reach. . It was a magnificent spectacle seen from a fine point of observation, aud through this mass of cheering, shouting people the new President moved toward his new home. IN THE SKXATE. * In the Senate, at 11:45 the message f Ami the President convening that body in ex­ tra session was read. Ten minutes of expect­ ancy ensued, and there was & flutter of excite­ ment as the minute-hand clock turned toward 13. Mr. Bassctt, the veteran Assistant Door­ keeper of the Senate, did what be was expected to do, and what he has done on so manv "pre­ vious occasions of the kind, walked for­ ward, got on a chair, and, with the his­ torical stick, treasured Up for almost a quurter of a century, put back the hands of the clock ten minutes. This performance gave tbe old gentleman great satisfaction aud certainly it pleastd the expectant audience. The minute hand had almost regained the lost time when the Senate committee escorting President Haves and Gu>. warnt>.u appeared at the door. The IVesidentand President-elect came in arm and armj both self-possessed iu their movements. They wer.j given seats iu front of the Clerk's desk, facing the Senate and audience, Garfield sit­ ting to the right of Hayes and the committee . on the left The Cabinet followed and took i the front seats on the right, All the members | were present, Acting Secretary French repre­ senting the Treasury Department. The Sen­ ate rose and remained standing until the party were seated, and the scene as the two men walked down the male was en impressive one, and to a few people more than that Gen. Garfield's mother looked down on this triumphant progress of her sou, and, mother- like, burst into tears. The Senate arose again tm Vice President-elect Arthur came in with the committee, and for a few minutes that gentle­ man was the center of attention. He went im­ mediately to tbe chair by the side of Vice Pres­ ident Wheeler, was introduced in & spoach of a* single sentence, and proceeded to deliver his After administering the oath of offise to Gen. Arthur, Vice President Wheeler delivered his farewell address as follows : SKXATOBS : The moment which terminates my offlksial duties as presiding officer of tbe lm>i to al hand. These fettss tew base TAThOR-MAIitt MKK. " Tlie fact is that there are very few men who are formed regularly. What % professional cutter would call a 9 regular proportion/ is the measurement of thirty-six inches to the breast and thirty-three inches to the waist. But these measurements are seldom met with." This was said to a San reporter in reply to inquiries as to the shapes that are * encountered by tailors who make custom clothing. Experienced cutters apgr that they ara obliged toj make allowances for peculiar forms in almost every case. Many men have one alionlder higher than another. Thi* ia particularly tlie case with those who do much writing. Tlie right aim is oftcn- est kept continually on the desk, while the left arm is rested and lowered. Natu­ rally, in such cases, a man's right shoul­ der is raised and his left depressed. To remedy this slight deformity the expert cutter must resort to padding. "Talk about padding," said an yld cutter, " the men are really padded *s much as the women." " Do you think men are as particular al»mt their dress as women? " " When they care at all they are more fastidious. The trouble with men is that they do not always know what they want. Women are more apt to know exactly wlutt they want because they moke a study of dress. They think of it from childhood. They see something they like nnd say, ' make it like that.' They know how goods will look when mode up. But many men are unreasonably fastidious. One time he puffs and swells out to undue proportions. When the coat is finished, and he tries it on, he says it don't fit, when the real trouble is that he does not swell himself out as he did when he was measured. If a man is punctilious about a very neat, close fit, chances are that he will oomplnin that his clothes are too tight when he tries them on. Then the man who says he wants them easy, and is not particu­ lar about the fit, is to be feared. When he gets his clothes home his wife, or his sisters or his fellow-boarders will scruti­ nize his garments and send him back to the unfortunate tailor."--New York Sun. BVKNIX& TMM TOP MAIL*. When Vicksburg fell, Oen. A. J. .Smith was sent to Columbus, Miss., and relieved Gen. Aslioth. Wlii!e upon an expedition soon after into Tennes&tie, tlie Federal soldiers, as was very often the case, made their camp fires of fence rails. One evening a riative came to Gen. Smith's tent and complained iu vt>ry forcible language that tho soldiers were burning his fence rails. The Gen­ eral replied that he had given strict or- dei-s that his soldiers should take no rails but the top ones, and if he oould discover any of them disobeying order* he would have them punished, and told tbe man to go aud see if they were tak­ ing anything but tlie top rail. In a few miiiutes he returned, saying they were taking everything on the fence. The General started with him to And the culprits. The fence was fast disappear­ ing. The complaining native said: • "Don't you see?" "Tea," replied the General, "bat I s e e t h e y o n l y t a k e t h e t o p n i l . ' "Tee! but they commence at the top and they go clear to the ground." " Exactly, but you can't point oat one of my soldier.* taking any rail but tte one on top." This was too much lor the non-com­ batant, and, with an indeacribable look oa hia faoa, he turned and walked off, ' a little gtri, i ( »•»***% ' Baft I wont tsB w&efS^ Bar hair Is of the ge ld, Aad her tjw am of tfcsbtas, Hsr smile 1« of the swaet, * ""irfi Aad her heart is of the Iras;-' V lock a pretty Httle girlt** ' Bat I won't tell whs,„•> I sss k«r every day, • t*t yi. Ball won't tell whsif( , U, . It may be In the lane, By Ita thorn-tree thai) Xt may be in the gardei% ^ By the rosebud* fair ( •uch a pretty little gir^** , Bat I wont tell wliert^w.. Ill marry her come Bat I wont tell Tbe *ery smallest boj » ,' Make tbe very biggest men. When I'm as tall aa father, Xou may aak about it tbea ; ; v But I wont tall when* v * •> X. Richard*. jTT~'" Cinderella. Do you know that the story of Cinderella is one of the oldest stories in the world? It has l>eon told to delighted youujrsters for thousands of years, and by almost all races of people. There are, of course, some little differences in the story, as told by different peoples; the French, for instance, have a flow for the good fairy, and when the animal was about to be killed she told Cinderella (or rather Cedrensette^ which is her French name) to collect her bones into her hide, and to wish over them for anything she wanted. As the Scotch tell it, a dying Queen gave her daughter " a little red ealfy," which was killed by the cruel step-mother, and over its bones the child, Rashincoat as she is called, wished for her three dressea.--New Jerusalem Met- tenger. • The Saint Bernard flsf. The great Saint Bernard mountain is one of the high mountains in (Switzer­ land. On the highest point of tlie pass over it is a large stone convent, which is used as a place of refuge for travelers. It is 8,000 feet above the sea, and is the abode of a number of pious men, called monks. They have a breed of large, noble dogs that scent out people lost in the snow. They scratch away the drift, and bark loudly all the while, so as to let the monks know what has happened. One of these dogs saved forty persons, and amoug them was a little boy that the dog managed to restore from a frozen state, and carried on his back to the eon vent These dogs are tall, with large limbs and broad chests. With a case containing food or cordials slung about their necks, they go oat to eeek for travelers. Sometimes the monks go with them. Being able on their four feet to cross great sheets of snow where men oould not venture, the dogs trace ant any One who may be lost in the drifts. They supply him with food, and some­ times take him home on their backs. In winter there are what are called avalanches. A great mass of snow gather* on % high pl^ce till it gets so heavy that it falls at ouce down' the mountain. In doing so it makes a noise like the discharge of a cannon. Some­ times the snow-drifts surround tlie walls of the convent to the height of forty feet The deep little lake before it does pot melt till July, and freezes again in September, and the snow falls almost •very day in the year. Not a tree is to be seen, but only patches of moss, grass and bright, hardy little flowers, The kind monk* are ehecred-in their lonely life by the thought of doing good.-- Nursery* fl«M SMI She P*pper-Pot. little Hans was a very naughty boy « ' 1 * t t|i'i * i • i I one day. What d<5 you think he did t j Well, he did almost everything that was mischievous; at least, everything he could think of. I suppose he got out of bed the wrong way, or opened his left eye first instead of his right, or forgot to say " Popocate­ petl " before he began his breakfast, or some such dreadful thing; and, if he did, of course that was enough to make him naughty, wasn't it? First, he wouln't eat hia breakfast. There was not enough sugar on his por­ ridge. Mamma put on some more, and then there was too mueh. (This shows that something was very wrong with him, for whoever heard ol a child having too much sugar?) And he wouldn't eat it. "WahI wah! boo!* no, lie, wouldn't. So he didn't. And nobody was a bit the worse for it but himself. After breakfast he felt hungry, and went back into the kitchen, but mamma had put everything away except the pepper-pot. TH hen Hans saw the pepper-pot, he forgot that he was hungry. Now he would have some fun. So he called thp eat, who was asleep by the stove, and began to pat and stroke her. Pussy purred, and felt very happy, when suddenly--puff! Hans shook the pepper-pot over her nose. ^ Poor pussy! Her eyes and nose were full of pepper. She mewed piteously, and ran round and round, sneezing and spitting. That was fun for Hans. Still holding the pepper-pot, he looked about for some new sport, and saw on a shelf a beautiful blue platter, large and rosnd, which he had not often seen, as it was usually kept looked up in the cupboard. How finely that would spin on the smooth kitchen floor. Up he climbed, down he clibmed, and soon the platter was spinning beauti­ fully. "Whir-r-r-r, whir-r, whir-r--crash !" this was what the platter said. And it never said anything else, for it waa broken in fifty pieces. Hans waa very still lor a tMnml Ittenbeaaidi to himself, "If mamma finds me erying hard, perhaps she may W So he opened his mouth very wide, and put both fists in his eyes, and be­ gan, " Boo-hoo I boo-hoo! oh! ohf o-o-oh 1" But the natxt moment came a change in his tone, and his screams wete flinaa of real terror and pain. i * 4; . Iffl-ir SHOULD CillLBUMK BAT Amp DBtXK T Dinner for children should always b* '* < J" eatif; and about this let me remark thai ̂ „ ' if beef or mutton be given, both of which, whether belled or roasted, are 4 highly nutritions^ it should be out up ! very finely, or even minced, and the " child should be taught to eat very slow- - ̂ ly, and to austicate the food weiL Children's food, like that of grovrn-rtp people, ought to be varied ; change is al- \ '"*• $ ways agreeable, and conducive to good digestion. I lie to see children at down to a good dinner, and I delight to ' \\; see them enjoy it, but hurrying over meals--and they axe greatly prone to s ' \ - this--should always be discouraged, > while, on the other hand, nothing indi- ̂ >f -,?• gestible snould be placed before than. Game of various kinds, as well as fowl, pigeon, and rabbit, make a very nice change, and so does white fish, with the exception of herrings and mackerel, and any other strong-iasted or oily Although a little salt should always be sprinkled over a child's food, he should not be permitted to eat salted provision* of any kind, nor any such indigestible food as pork, goose, or even duck, and turkey should be given but sparingly. The stuffing generally used with these latter is very likely to produoe a fit at indigestion if given to a child. Then are vegetables that a child may eat, and others that he ought not to partake of ; potatoes, for example, turnips, and roots generally, are very wholesome, but cab­ bage and greens are provocative of in­ ternal disturbance. Even potatoes, tur- nips, and parsnips, however, should be mashed. And here let me give a waxd of warning ; they ought not to be mnshed on tlie plate with the back of a fork; they will be lumpy if they are. The mash­ ing ought to be complete and thorough., Puddings of sage, rice, or semolina, or even corn flour, should always form part of the child's dinner, *"<1 uuet dumpling, if eaten with sirup, make* a very nice change. , eWhat should a child drink? Milk or water, or milk and water, with mpala, or a very little tea or coffee well diluted with milk. Cocoa is moet nourishing ; I cannot, indeed, speak too highly in its praise. As to beer or wines, I should say never, under any circumstance*, al­ low a child to partake of them, exoepi under the orders or sanction of a medi­ cal man. The supper should be early, say 6 o'clock, and may be light pudding of any kind, porridge and milk, or bread and butter with milk-diluted tea. Chil­ dren live fast, and be it remembered that they require more food in compari­ son to their size than grown-up people do, for they have not only to repair the waste of tissue, but to build and feed bone and nerve and muscle. Even be­ tween meals, if occasion demands it, do not deny them a crust of bread. There ia little need of physic where children are well cared for, well clothed, and well fed. If & laxative be needed, either a teaspoonful of magnesia may be mixed in the pag, or a little fluid mag­ nesia administered, but remember that magnesia too often given is apt to form concretions of a dangerous kind. Caa- tor-oil warmed, so as to make it nm easy, is sometimes good, the only objec­ tion to its administration being that force is required, and I know by expe­ rience that a child will sometimes strug­ gle so against swallowing medicine aa to cause itself mischief. Hirup of rhubarb is another harmless aperient, and one which will not weaken the child ; bnt, after all, the less medicine yon give the better, unless the child be actually fe­ vered, and then it is time to send for the doctor.Harper'» Weekly. TUBXIPS AS fOOJX To 000k a turnip, says the Caterer* ii eo simple a matter that there should be very little said about it. Generally speaking, however, this wholesome veg­ etable la presented In a washed-oat •tate, so that it ia quit* aeldom we dia- eover it« real flavor. Many will, perhaps, aay that the real flavor of the turnip is too strong, and this may be an argument in favor of tbe reduction of, ita flavor in the process of cooking. De gwstibu* non e*t disptt- tandum, and those who cannot endure the full flavor of this root will have no trouble in subduing it But it should ba known that the saccharine and gummy constituents that are removed ami therefore lost in the customary modes of cooking, are the moat nutritious por­ tions, and communicate to the dish when it is cooked, on what we may call conservative principles, s far finer flavor than the majority of people have any idea at That we may be understood, we will aak the reader to 000k two tur­ nips in two different ways. The first to be peeled and sliced, and left to soak in cold water lor an hour or more. The slices are to be boiled until quite tender, and then are to be drained and nicely mashed with butter. Btb ia the most common method of cooking, and it has the demerit of washing out the gum and sugar and other fine constituents of the root, and consequently the flavor ia very much redacted. The other ioot i» to be waahed quite clean, bat ia not to be peeled, or cut, or soaked. Boal it whole in ita "jacket" It will take twioe as long to 000k as the one that was cut When, by trying it with m fork, yon find it quite tender, take itapt peel it preaeit Bxoderafeely, and wash it with hotter. Yen will be surprised al the difference. laiitaad of perhaps yens #11 expect, " "rank," or "bitter," it wil Kaons, full-flavored, and will iwiiatn all the nourishment that was in it baftgaifc i imm - :?