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|§|c||ctitj; f?toindcalct J. VAN tLYXE, Editor ami Publish*. McHENRY, - - ILLINOIS. • SOME enterprMog Uniikm filling fid honeycombs with glucose and Hhip-ing them to Europe^ labeled " Califor­ nia honey." At present the enterprise "lb said to be very profitable. < ? THE bridegroom in an elopement at flandersville, R. L, "was 17 and the bride 14. They walked six miles in rain and tliud before finding a clergyman who Would perform the ceremony, and their lodging that night was in a barn. Six members of the United States Senate were foreign born--Messrs. Far­ ley, of California; Fair, of Nevada; Jones, of Florida, and Sewell, of New Jersey , are Irishmen. Senator Jones, of UTevada, was born in England, and Sen­ ator Beck, of Kentucky, in Scotland. THE new public building now going tip on the Government square at Denver, ••Col., is tp be one of the finest structures in the West. One wing is designated lor a high school, the other for a free public library. There will also be a lecture hall, with a seating capacity of 1,000. . DR. J AXES ABKBNATHT and John F. Abernathy, although not related, were born on the same day, married twin sis­ ters on the lame day, and, after living to be three score and ten years of age, died recently, at their homes in Gaston, N. C., on the same day, but their resi­ dences were five miles apart. AN Indianapolis merchant drove into town every morning, left his horse in a livery stable, attended to business until night, and then drove home. The beast was by no means overworked in this light service, yet it grew thin and ill, as though from hard usage. The owner at length found out that it had been hired out nearly every day by the liveryman. A jury has awarded damages to the amount of the money earned by the horse. IN nearly every city and large town of the United States a Young Men's Christ­ ian Association was an active religious agency ten years, ago. Only a few of j these organizations are in existence to- 1 day, and the survivors are in the largest j cities. It was found that they tended < to draw young men away from the | -churches, and, therefore, they lost the j countenance of the clergy, who have J gradually adopted most of the social j ideas on which the associations "were conducted. I TH& precautions taken in Prussia to j guard against trichinte in swine are -exceedingly careful and thorough. Ber­ lin is divided into districts, each of which has its separate inspector of •jgyine's meq£, .au official, who is held to •strict accountability. In Konigsberg there is an establishment in which the meat infected with the dreaded parasite, after being cut into small pieces, is boiled for twelve hours, and then sub­ jected to the action of chemicals that reduce it to a pbwder. she appeared to be and felt herself per­ fectly well. So she informed her at­ tendant, and, arising from her bed, on which a day before she was unable to feed herself, she dressed herself, and an hour later ate breakfast with the family. Upon the following Sunday she attended church three times, and since has made many calis upon her frwwA*, The physi­ cians decline to commit themselves to the miraculous theory of the cure, but admit that a very sick woman became immediately and unexpectedly well. THKBE is a remarkable case in New York. For about seven months a tall, broad-shouldered, fierce-looking Greek has been a prisoner in Raymond Street Jail. He was arrested on a charge of stealing a boat, but he has never been able to speak a word in his own defence, because he understands no Tfagl'wh, and his language is not known to any of the interpreters. He was indicted for grand larceny, but he has never been tried, as« when produced in court, he was notable to plead to the indictment. Every time after being arraigned he was returned to Raymond Street Jail to await the dis­ covery of some one who could speak his own language. Upon the records he ap­ pears as Guiseppe Franz, a sailor. He is supposed to belong to one of the isles of Greece, where a dialect different from the ordinary Greek is spoken, ad the Greek Consul was unable to understand him. The Greek seems to have become almost crazed by his condition. He is so fierce and powerful that he overawes his keepers. > " AN old operator " thus illustrates, in a New York paper, the craze for specula­ tion in stocks in that city : I was dining on the avenue not a week since with a party of ladies and gentlemen, making perhaps twenty in number. Somehow, inadvertently, for all the parties, without exception, were perfectly well bred, the subject of stocks and Wall street came up. One of the ladies present showed an intense interest. "What! are you, too, dealing in stocks ?" queried a ven­ erable and most aristocratic old lady of Knickerbocker ancestry. " Yes, I am ! And you ? Come now, be honest ; since you asked the question, answer me as I have answered you. Are you, too, not in stocks, auntie?" "Well, yes, I am," laughed the good-natured dowager, "and, what is worse, I am on the short side." Before the conversation was over it was discovered that the whole party, with three exceptions, were dab­ bling in stocks, and two of the latter were just out, and that through neces­ sity, having lost all their money on the " short side of Northwest." THE statement has been made that the use of postal cards has decreased the sale of writing paper in the United States $12,000,000 annually. In the first place, according to figures given by the Springfield Republican, the sale ! of writing paper has not decreased at I all; and, in the second place, the amount { now manufactured in a year is not worth i 810,000,000, including that used for blank ! books, envelopes and other purposes re- I quiring sized paper. Last year the Gov- j ernment sold 293,000,000 postal cards, i EMANUEL LUHM, a barber of Altoona, Pa., announces his ability to live .ten hours with his nose and mouth hermeti­ cally sealed. Those acquainted with him see no reason why he should not be able to accomplish what is coupled with his name, for he is able to breathe for a long time without the use of mouth or nostrils, communication between his lungs and the outside world being kept up through his ears. When smoking e cigar he often exhales the smoke through the same extraordinary channel, to tha profound astonishment of those who are unaware of this freak of nature. v ACCORDING to the report of the Bureau of Statistics for Germany for 1880, the population of the single states and prin­ cipalities composing the German empire stands as follows: Prusei* 27,251,007 Bavaria 5,271,51 (i Saxony 2,970,220 Wurtemberg. 1,970,1^2 Baden 1,57<>,1H9 Hewn 9Ht;,944 Mt-ekeuburjr-Schwerin 57fi,l:27 Meck!enbur*-Strelits 1<K1,869 8a*e-Wein:ar a0!>,503 8axe-Meini»geii 207,147 Saxe-Aiteubur# lf>5,0G'i . Ooburg-Ciotha 194,479 Budolfituilt 80,149 Louderchausen. 71,0H3 Reuss i first line) 50,782 Reuse (second line) 10l,2»i5 ©Mfnburg 337,454 Brunswick 848,429 Anhalt 232,747 Waideck 36,54s Srhatmilmrg-Ijppe 35,3*2 I4ppe 120,21# Isiebeck 63,571 Bremen 454,041 Alsace-Lorraine. 1,571,971 Total population of the German empire.45,149,172 THERE is another case of prayer cure, and this time in Maine. Mrs. Dunneli, of Bath, was supposed to be in the last stages of consumption, and, her physi­ cian having abandoned hope, she deter- xSined to try the efficacy of prayer. Her friends scoffed, but the devout woman believed her faith would make her whole. As she tells the story, she never prayed with more absolute faith herself, nor was a request to friends for prayer ever made with a more earnest or devout confi­ dence. Tne morning after the prayers woe offered they seemed granted, for Speed at Which Wings Are Driven. The speed at which some wings are driven is enormons. It is occasionally so great as to cause the pinions to emit a drumming sound. To this source the buzz of the fly, the drone of the bee, and the boom of the beetle are to be referred. When a grouse, partridge, or pheasant suddenly springs into the air, the sound produced by the whirring of its wings greatly resembles that produced by the contact of steel with the rapidly revolv­ ing stone of the knife-grinder. It has been estimated that the common fly moves its wiugs 330 times per second, i. e., 19,800 times per minute, and that the butterfly moves its wings nine times per Becond, or 540 times per minute. These movements represent an incredibly high speed, even at the root of the wings; but the speed is enormously increased at the tips of the wings from the fact that the tips rotate upon the roots as centres. In reality, and as has beeu already indi­ cated, the speed of the tips of the wings increases in proportion as the tips are removed from the axis of rotation, and in proportion as the wings are long. This is explained on a principle well under­ stood in mechanics. If a rod or wing hinged at one point be made to vibrate, the free end of the rod or wing always passes through a very much greater space in a given time thau the part nearer the root of the wing. The pro­ gressive increase in the speed of the wings, in proportion as the wings be­ come larger, explains why the wiugs of bats and birds are not driven at the ex­ travagant speed of insect wings, and how the large and long wiugs of large bats and birds are driven more leisurely than the small and short wings of small bats and birds. That the wing is driven more slowly in proportion to its length is proved by experiment, and by observing the flight of large and small birds of the same genus. Thus, large gulls flap their wings much more slowly than small gulls; the configuration and relative size of the wings to the body being the same in both. This is a hopeful feature in the construction of flying-machines, as there can be no dobut that comparatively very slow movements will sufliee for driving the long powerful wings required to ele­ vate and propel flying-machines. The speed of the wing is in part regulated by the amptitude of the wing. Thus if the wing bo broad as well as long, the beats are neeessarily reduced in frequency. This is especially true of the heron, which is one of the most picturesque and at the same time one of the slowest flying birds we have. I have timed the heron on several occasions, and find that in ordinary flght its wings make exactly sixty up and sixty down strokes, i.e., 120 beats per minute. In the ptero­ dactyl, the great extinct Saurian, the wing was enormously elongated, and in this particular instance probably from 50 to 60 beats of the wing per minute sufficed for flight. Fifty or sixty pulsa­ tions of the wing per minute do not in­ volve much wear aud tear of the working parts, and I am strongly of opinion that artificial flight,' if once achieved, will become a comparatively safe means of looomotion as far as the machinery re­ quired is concerned.--Fraters Maga­ zine. W6&T* Lawsuit W«s Won. A Galveston man met a friend from the country on the street ,/ "How aoyou come on?" exclaimed the former. \When I last heard of you you had a lawsuit on hand with Tom Smith about a fine horse. How did that end?" " I won it I completely got away with Tom. You see the Justice was the most honest man in the world, so I wrote him a note asking him to accept the in­ closed $5 bill." " I should think the Judge would have ruled against you for trying to bribe him." " So he would if I had not been care­ ful to sign Tom Smith's name instead of my own." AUSTRALIA. lilere«tiii{ Fact* Ak«M tha Island-Continent. Patter from Melbourne.] Victoria, of which Melbourne is the capital, is about the same size as En­ gland^ or a State of moderate area in the Union. Forty-four years ago the colony or province was uninhabited by any folk except the aborigines. It now contains nearly 1,000,000 people, and the population of Melbourne numbers 250,000. This quickly-risen city has some resemblance to an American town and many features that are novel. Vis­ itors are less struck with its architecture than with the width of the streets. In the city proper all the main thorough-* fares are 99 feet wide, and they cross at right angles. On each side runs an epen drain, and underground sewerage has not yet been adopted. Melbourne is visited seven or eight times in the summer by a scorching wind from the north, which dries up the surface moist­ ure and carries off the germs of dis­ eases that live on damp. The hot wind is peculiar to Southern and Central | Australia. The ulterior of the island- j continent is a vast expanse of plains, in­ tersected by few ranges of mountains1 j and traversed by few rivers. These plains support cattle and sheep in I great abundance, but are subject to periodical drought. A dry season kills off the herbage and evaporates the lakes and chains of pools which in sum­ mer represent tlie river of the winter time. The winds that travel over the inland plains collect heat from the sur­ face, and their temperature rises high above the dew-point. On their visit to the southern regions these warm, dry winds suck up the moisture and wither the herbage. To the native vegetation the hot wind does little injury. The leaves of the eucalyptus and acacia (the two predominant genera) are thick and stored with oil, and the roots are spread like net-work through the undersoil. The agriculturist does not mind the hot wind, for it comes at harvest time, when the crops are ripe; aud the flocks of the grazier do not suffer unless the dry sea­ son lasts long, for sheep thrive on shrubs and herbs when the grass fails. It is remarkable how long the flocks can re­ sist a drought on the inland plains. Even when the surface looks quite bare they are able to find food, and can get on well so long as the holes retain water. About once in six or eight years a drought occurs over the vast interior, and sheep perish in thousands. It is the uncertainty of the seasons that ren­ ders tae ventures of the grazier precari­ ous, and accounts for the remarkable success of some men and the misfortune of others. In spite, however, of periodic scarcity, the great industry of Australia is the wool industry, and it annually brings in millions of pounds sterling to the community. Were it not for the occasional hot winds, and the character of the change that follows it, the climate of Melbourne would be absolutely delightful, for in winter the thermometer seldom registers less than 32 deg. Fahrenheit, and the summer heat (save on hot-wind days) ranges no higher than 80 deg. in the shade. The traveler who has seen Paris, the suburbs of London and the chief Ameri­ can cities misses the street cam. There are no street railroads in Melbourne, and all passenger traffic is carried on in om­ nibuses and wagouettos. Victoria is well provided with railway eomniunicrttion. Over 1,000 miles of line are open, and Parliament has just authorized the construction of an addi­ tional 400 miles, at a cost of 870,000,000. Locomotives built in Philadelphia now run oa the main lines, and the American , type of engine is preferred to the English for passenger traffic. Each of the five colonies or provinces into which the continent of Australia is divided is as independent of its neigh­ bors as if they were all so many Euro­ pean republics and kingdoms. Each makes its own laws and has its own tar­ iff. Owing to the comparative thinness of the population--for what are 2,000,000 people on a continent 3,000 miles long and 2,000 miles wide?--and to the dis­ tances between the capital cities, no scheme of federation is yet practicable. It has often been talked about--the col­ onies have even conferred together on the subject--but there is no immediate prospect of the establisnment of au Australian dominion or union. Geo­ graphical difficulties and want of con­ cord on the subject of tariffs keep the colonies asunder. The most creditable thing in Victoria is the education system, which is free, secular and compulsory. It is conducted entirely by the Government, and has been in operation for eight years. The cost of the system is $2,500,000 per an­ num--a good deal for a population of less than 1,000,000 to pay for the educa­ tion of 200,000 individual children, between the ages of 6 and 15. Australians are great holiday-takers, and each year the prosperous bush men allow themselves a fortnight or three- weeks' enjoyment in Melbourne. No­ vember is the middle spring season of the year, when flowers are gay, the turf soft and green, and the days bright but cool. At midsummer the grass becomes brown. Australian laborers only work eight hours a day, and there are thirteen recognized public holidays in the course of the year. It is the custom beside to take a week or fortnight at Christmas and another week at Easter. A Deed Two Hundred Years Old. In the office of the Recorder of Deeds in Wilmington is perhaps the only deed of land from an Indian to a white man in existence in this county. It is the only one that has been found there, at any rate, and is the docket which contains a number of deeds and confirmations by Sir Francis Lovelace, Governor-General of these provinces under the Duke of Y ork. The deed is from Meclisecksitt, Chief Sachem of the Cohansink Indians, | "sole Indian owner and proprietor of all j that tract of land commonly called by j the Christians Bompies Hook, and by I the Indians Newsink." For the con- i sideration of one gun, four handfuls of ! powder, three "matscoats," one anchor I I of liquor and one kettle "in hand paid J j by Peter Bayard of New York," the land i is made over te Mr. Bayard, his heirs and j assigns. The signatures are an interest- > j ing part of the document The old chief ! made a mark that looks more like a turtle I than anything else one can think of. After this mark comes the line, "This is the mark of Moissappenackin, son of Meclisecksitt," and the mark is that of a man's haud. The seal is set at New Castle in Delaware on May 4, 1679.-- Wilmington Every Evening. Chaffing. . Many Secretaries of the Navy in our country, who have made excellent execu- j tive officers, knew nothing of ships, and as little of the ocean, at the time of their appointment Their ignorance was the occasion of much bantering from their friends, who made them the fubjeet of many sharp jests. Mr. Thompson was asked, on reaching Washington, if he knew where the hold of the vessel was, and bow sailors got into it More than half a century ago, Mr. Southard, one of the most accomplished citizens of New Jersey, filled the office, and made an ad­ mirable Secretary. One day, when din­ ing, with a large party in his native State, he was giving a glowing account of the rapidity with which he had fitted out the frigate Brandywine to take Gen. Lafayette back to Europe. Chief Jus­ tice Kirkpatrick suddenly interrupted him. « v "Now, Mr. Southard, if any rrmn should ask you which end of a ship goes first, could you tell him ?" The eloquence of the Secretary was arrested, but he joined heartily in the laugh which went round the company. PACTS FOB THE CURIOUS. THE number of bones in the human body is 240. The average number of teeth is 32. THJ velocity of the electric waves through the Atlantic cables is from 7,000 to 8,000 miles per second. A MAGNET weighing two ounces sus­ tains a weight of three pounds two oun­ ces, or twenty-five times its own weight THBoxygenof the air aids and facilitates the germination of plants, and seeds buried so deeply in the ground as to be out of reach of the action of atmospheric air will exhibit no signs of life. THB tiger does not naturally possess, but easily acquires, a love of human flesh. When he has once tasted it, the spell of man's supremacy is broken, and ever after that, it is said, he prefers it to any other. THE director of the Bureau of Statis­ tics at Vienna has made some interesting researches concerning the comparative longevity of women and men in Europe. He finds that out of 102,831 individuals who have passed the age 90 years, 60,- 303 are women, and only 42,528 are men. In Italy, 244 alleged centenarian women are found for 141 men of that age. A HOLLOW tree in Southern California has been converted into a dwelling. Doors and windows have been put in, and floors built for eight stories, the en­ trance being made by means of a ladder. Outside the topmost room is a small bal­ cony, shaded by the foliage of the tree. The occupant expects to get rich by having no plumber bills to pay. VASCO NUNEZ DE BALBOA, a Spaniard of wonderful courage and adventure, smuggled himself on board a ship in a cask, in order to join an expedition to Darien, in 1510, commanded by Fran­ cisco de Encisco. He ultimately obtained a supreme command of the new colony, aud in 1513 discovered the Pacific ocean from the top of a mountain on the Isth­ mus of Panama. A WELL-KNOWN Paris scientist, Dr. De- launa^, has made the curious discovery that to ascertain the qualities of an ap­ plicant cook it is sufficient to give her a plate to clean or a sauce to make and watch how she moves her hand in either act If she move it,rfrom left to right, or in the direction of the hands of a watch, you may trust her; if in the other way* sho is certain to be stupid and incapa­ ble. Similarly the intelligence of peo­ ple may be gauged by asking them tc make a circle on paper with a pencil, and noting in which direction the hand is moved. The good students in a mathematical class draw circles from left to right The inferiority of the softer sex (as well as of male dunces) is shown by their drawing from right to left; asylum patients and children do the same. In a word, centrifugal move­ ments are a characteristic of intelligence and higher developments : centripetal are a mark of incomplete evolution. A person, as his faculties are developed, may come to draw circles the opposite way to what Be did in youth. Dr. De- launay lias some further" extraordinary conclusions as to the relative positions of races in the scale of development from the way they wind their watches and make their screws. Friends and Opponents* The Declaration of Independence was adopted against the opposition of some who had favored the cause of the colonics. They regarded it as premature and therefore inexpedient Among these was John Dickinson, the author of the "Farmer's Letters," which contributed much toward the American Revolution. Mr. Josiah Quincy tells us, in his re­ miniscences of John Adams, that he once asked the venerable ex-President an ex­ planation of Dickinson's course. "He became discouraged," replied Mr. Adams, ' 'and for some time was one of the most violent opposers of the Declara­ tion of Independence. He had a wife and mother who were both Quakers, and they tormented him exceedingly, telling him that he was ruining himseli and his country by the course he was pursuing. "ILI had had such a mother and such a wife, I believe I should have shot my­ self. If they had opposed me, it would have made me so verv unhappy. I could not have lived had! not pursued the courso I did. "One day in Congress, Mifflin, a rela­ tive of Dickinson, had a dispute with him. ' 'Dickinson had said, in the course of a speech, that, in driving a team of horses, it was necessary to rein in the most forward and to encourage the slow and lagging. "Miffiin got up and said, 'Not so, Mr. President. You had better knock the dull and lazy horses on the head and put them out of the team. It will go on much better without them.' "The circumstances of his family and his own timidity made Dickinson take the course he did. He was a man of im­ mense property and founded a college in Pennsylvania." It is a singular fact that while some of the lawyers and merchants who were members of the Continental Congress opposed the Declaration, the clerical members all supported it. The leadei of the clergymen was John Witherspoon, President of Prince-ton College. He was a Scotchman, and iu his youth had led a oorps of Highlanders to the Battle of Falkirk and fought for the Pretender. Entering with all his soul into the cause of the colonies, he became a leader in those measures which brought about a final separation between them and Great Britain. When the Declaration was laid before Congress a deep stillness pervaded the hall. Every heart was awed. Wither­ spoon, of indomitable will and peerless courage, spoke first. "Mr. President," he began, in clear, bold tones, "that noble instrument on your table, which insures immortality to its author, should be subscribed this very morning by every pen in the house. "Although these gray hairs must descend into the sepulchre, I would in­ finitely rather they should desoend thither by the hand* of the executioner than desert at this crisis the sacred cause of my country." "The country is hardly ripe for such a bold movement," suggested a timid member. "In my judgment," shouted Wither­ spoon, "we are not only ripe, but rotten." The names of five clergymen are found among the Declaration. They repre­ sented the feelings of their brethren. MAHONE'S SECOND EFFORT. Ma Declares for a Free R&Ilot, a Full Vote and an Honest Count-- Scathing- Attack on Ben Hill and Joe Brown. Senator Mahono premised his speech bjr ex­ pressing regret that iio should be compellod again to interrupt the deliberations of the Sen­ ate. He said: 1 trust the Senators and coun­ try will concede that to this seeming forward­ ness I am provoked. If I may fail to shallenge generous consideration from those who wonld appear to have found pleasnre without justifi­ cation in their varied aud ungenerous assaults, I do not doubt that I shall command the re­ spect of brave and independent spirits here, as I know I shall among my own peo­ ple. I shall not complain of that in­ direction which haj characterized the manner and methods of Senators in their allu­ sions to me. I must accept tbe fact that they comport entirely with their own sense of manly deportment and Senatorial dignity, however little they do with mv own. Virginia is accus­ tomed to meet occasions where the independent spirit of the Anglo-Saxon is required to assert itself. Virginia has ever met with fortitude and becoming dignity every duty which desti­ ny has imposed, always, however, with much contempt for small party line*, when principle was involved in which her faith aud honor was committed. W ith absolute confidence in my loyalty to her, and my devotion to evwry interest of" her people, I will not relax my pnrpowe here to re­ pel every impeachment of the constituents who sent me to this chamber with clearly-detincd du­ ties, which they and I comprehend. I was elected to the United States Senate to do their will-- not to a caucus to do its bidding. Virginia earned her title ef "Old Dominion" by tne broad and independent action of her own peo~ » •' ^7 ^'u loyalty of her sons, by the instinct of independence without help at the hands of those who would now interfere with her af- fairs. However feebly I may express that spirit against the gratuitous care and concern for her at the hands of strangers--strangers to her trials, to her sacrifices, and to her will--I feel that the spirit of her people inspires me when I scornfully repel, for tliem and for my­ self, the ungenerous attempts to instruct a Vir­ ginia Sonator as to his dutv to thein aud to himself. Senators sUould be willing to deal with their constituents. I answer for mine. To him that would insinuate that mv action in regard to the organization of the committee* of this body and the proposed election of officers has been controlled by impure considerations (and I am ioth to believe that any Si nator has go intended ), in the language of another I say : If thou Mj 'st 1 am not i>oer To any Lord of Scotland here, Highland or Lowland, tar or near. Lord Angns, thou hast lied. Now, permit me to say that Senators can no more realize my regret than they can measure my amazement that my colleague (Johnston) should have felt it incumbent upon himself to join the assaulting column in this chamber. He first introduces the question of my political consistency, or, if he prefers, inconsistency, and next he would introduce me to this honor­ able body, not as- his colleague, but as a re- pudiator of public obligations. The sense of justice to my fellow-Senators renders it necessary for me to apologize for noticing my colleague's criticism on the one hand and Ins perversions on the other. However mnch he i and his cohort* may endeavor, by the cheap j lofcie of an attorney, to demonstrate what 1 I ought to be, I am, by my convictions and mv ' si use of honor, what I am. In this particular i I have largely the advantage of my colleague, for if I take him by his record, diminutive as it is, he neither knows what lie is nor what duty he came here to perform. Sir. Malione then proceeded to give au exhaustive history of the political and financial history of Virginia for the last decade. * , He declared the Readjustee had never re­ pealed any of tho funding contracts made by Virginia, but asserted the bill passed iu 1871 by the Virginia Legislature, and known as the "Brokers' bill," which had been advocated by his colleague, repudiated, and forcibly repu­ diated, one-third of the debt of Virginia, ltcad- jnsters held that two-thirds of the money Vir­ ginia borrowed should be paid, the other thud belonging to West Virginia, according to even' principle of law and equity. Since 1871 the Readjusting party had denied to the creditor war-interest, and had proposed to pay the rest in full. Its adversaries had funded that war- interest, and proposed to repudiate one-half that wjuch Virginia was in law aud honor b^ind to pay. He would like the Senators from West Virginia te tell the country what that State had done with reference to the payment of one-third of tbe debt contracted by the Commonwealth of Vir­ ginia, whether it had ever pro)>osed to pay one stiver to maintain the honor and dignity of the old commonwealth. He criticised the action of his colleague in not de­ fending the people of Virginia from the accusa­ tion that they were dishonorable--dishonorable, too, in the opinion of men who represented States which, by arbitrary legislation, had re­ duced their debts from $243,000,000 to $84,- 000.000. He sent to the Clerk's desk and had read a table showing the extent to which the debts of the Southern States had been scaled down. " Repudiation honorable ; read­ justment dishonorable.? Oh, Virginia!" he said, " it was for this you bared yoiu- bosom to the soldier's tread and horse's foot. It was for this you laid waste .your fields and displayed your fortitude and courage, your heroic suffer­ ing and sacrifice ; it was for this you suffered dismemberment of your territory aud sent your sons to the field to return to rums that were once their homes. It was for this you so reluctantly abandoned your allegiance to a common country to be the last in war and the last to go out. On, ingratitude ! Thou basest and meanest 1 of crimes." He would not occupy, ho continued, any more of the time of the Senate with the subjoct of the Virginia debt, but would refer now to an interrogatory put last Friday by Senator Voorr liees to Senator Logan, as to whether the latter would indorse the papers of an applicant for the smallest postoftice who favored the re­ pudiation of either a State or national debt. He would ask the gentleman (Voorhees) how he found it compatible with his principles to associate with Senators from States who( had "repudiated," but had not "readjusted." He had never heard Riddlebarger express a favor­ able opinion even of the views of tho Senator from Indiana on the national debt. (Laugh­ ter.) He also quoted from John VV. Daniel, one of the leaders of tho Bourbon party in Virginia, denouncing the iniquitous meas­ ures of Federal finances, and proposing to re­ verse them. He recommended the Senators from Indiana and Delaware (Voorhees and Bayard) to trv and reconcile their differences of views on the financial question before the Senator from Indiana again discussed the subject. As to the Senator from Georgia (Brown), who seemed to be so much troubled about readjustment, ht questioned whether the world has ever pro­ duced a man who could so readily readjust himself to all conditions and all circum­ stances. That gentleman had got ahead of the people aud of the Democratic party in the effort to dissolve the Union, and was the first Governor in the South to confiscate private property in tho courts of Savannah, and to seize Fort Pulaski before the act of secession passed. Rumor had it that tho Presidency of the Con­ federate States was the gentleman's object at that time. Iu tho struggle that ensued he (Brown) was earnest for the causo until its fortunes began to waver, and then he aban­ doned it with his militia. After the war he was next heard of in the Chicago Republican Con­ vention. In fact, that gentleman might say with the poet laureate's book, Men may come and men may go, But I go on forever. He was next heard of as the radical candi­ date for the United States Senate, but was beaten by a more moderate Republican, the late Joshua HilL He next appeared as the ap­ pointee of the carpet-bag Governor of Georgia, tfce Prince of carpet-baggers, Bullock, to the office of Chief Jnstice of that State, which po­ sition he subsequently resigned to take the Presidency of a railroad company. Now that gentleman was here as the leader of the Demo­ cratic party, and his explanation was that the Democratic party had erred and abandoned him, but that now it had righted itself, asd rallied itself on his (Brown's) grand reserve of undying and unchangeable principles. That gentleman had alluded to rumors of a bargain. If there were any truth in those rumors, then he (Mahone) was in­ debted for any advantage he might draw from it to the fact that the Senator from Georgia did not know of the opportunity. On that point he (Mahone) would answer "all innuendoes of the Senators distinctly and gravely, and with due regard to the dignity of the Senator. He hurled back with scorn and contempt every im- Eutation that his action here had been induced y any other consideration than that of the promotion of his people's interests and of the welfare of the country. He might occupy the Senate for an hour with rumors as to the man­ ner in which the Senator from Georgia (Brown) got to the Senate, and gentlemen should learn from that fact the valuable lesson that every Senator should be left to adjust his own ac­ counts with his own constituents. He avowed bis responsibility, his proud responsibility, for the introduction of Riddlebarger's name as a candidate for office, but professed hid readi­ ness to withdraw that name, if true, as report had it. that the Democratic Senators would then withdraw their opposition. He admitted the correctness of the newspa­ per statement read Saturday by the Senator from Kentucky (Beck) as to the speech of the colored delegate Moss, and the motion for his expulsion made by Riddlebarger, and he pro­ ceeded to explain that matter, intimating if the motive for expulsion had been made on ac­ count of the color, the Senator wonld probably have regarded the motion as a recommenda­ tion to Riddlebarger. This opposition to Riddlebarger was in view of the coming election in Virginia. It was a desire to uphold Bourbonism there. It was a desire to uphold a partv which, while openly professing obedience to "the constitution, held by mental reservation purposes hostile to the constitution. It was to uphold a party there ! which did not believe in the right of freedom j to \tote. It was to uphold a party that, while | nominally accepting the Cincinnati platform, in which a full vote, free ballot ana honest count had been demanded, had introduced a constitutional amendment requiring no man should cast a ballot for any office, on any account, nntil he had paid a capitation tax. This effort was to uphold a partv which defied the Democratic creed, and which had under­ taken by methods of indirection to disfran­ chise the colored man. This was the purpose, and whether his colleague had voted for that disfranchising clause he could not speak. He (Mahone) had never given that doctrine his assent, either in public or at the ballot-box. For one he wanted no political serfs in Virginia. He wanted no longer any condi­ tions cf personal servitude. He asserted the right sacred to all men of a free, un- traiumeled ballot, and, whatever might be tha professions of gentlemen on that subject, he stood prepared here, on this floor, by the cour­ age of the men who were behind him at home to assure the country that in Virginia at least there should be free suffrage, a priceless suf­ frage, a full vote, and an honest count. Ho stood here to guarantee the enforcement of the laws, and he said it by the brave men who stood at his back in the cause of freedom. He would tell the Senatore that his friend Riddelbarger, was sterner stuff thau they calculated, and would survive I any record investigation. The record refuted j the statement that he (Mahone) had been i olected by ihe Bourbon Funding party. He had ; been the candidate of the people, who had i nominated him at the polls by a majority of j over 20,000, in an election where the Senator- | ship had been made the issue. He knew of no i consideration which could have induced him to 1 have taken a seat iu this Senate or to have held any place at the hands of the Bourbon or Fund­ ing party in Virginia. He was under no obligations to it or its champions hore or elsewhere. His allegiance under God was to his country, and his first du­ ty to the pcoi le of Virginia. It was true the Readjusting party had instructed its electors ] for IIUUCOCK and English, but it was equally trao it had forborne, and purposely forborne, from instructing for those candidates as the nominees of the Democratic party. He referred to the manner of his election, asserting there had been a combination against him, and that tho Democratic party, which, like Ciesar's wife, stood above suspicion, had been willing to trade a seat in the United States Senate for a few county officers. If that was the Democra­ cy that gentlemen on the other 6ide loved, none of it for him. The purpose of tho Readjusters was to stay the retrograde movement of years so as to bring Virginia back from number fifteen in tho grade of States to her original.position in the sisterhood of States. Far be it "from hun that his action here should be controlled or in­ fluenced by a caucus whose party had waged war on his constituents, and whose party suc­ cess was held paramount to what he conceived to be the interest of Virginia and the welfare of tho whole country. The Readjusters of Vir­ ginia had no feeling of hostility, no words of unkindne8s for the colored race. He had faith, and it was his earnest hope that the march of enlightened civilization and hu­ man progress would proceed until God's great family should everywhere enjoy the blessings of civil, religious aud political liberty. Tho colored man had been loval to Virginia in all the days of the conflict and blood­ shed which had cont'e of the heroic struggle in the war of sections. By no act of his was either the clash of arms or his freedom in­ voked. He had not measured hi-t duties by consideration of self-interest. Not so much could bo said of the distinguished statesmen who urged the South to resist the Readjusters in behalf of tho principles held to be fundamental. Virginia had not forgotten her abandonment from that quarter, and needed no counsel as to her dutv. To him and the people of Vir­ ginia, the South, as the phrase went, was " a mere geographical expression," and no longer epitomized a dream of empire. " I do not question," ho said in conclusion, "the grandeur of that hope aud aspiration, but it was quenched in. blood, and the South of our day has acquiesced in the decision of the war. " The Democratic jiarty affirms that decision in its national platforms and in the declarations of its Chairman. I am here to assert Virginia, the mother of the Union, renews her old-time faith aud devotion to the Government her hon­ ored sons aided to construct, and in furtherance thereof I propose to give my best abilities, and to exert my every energy." Mr. Mahone Was warmly congratulated by Messrs. Conkling, Sherman, Dawes and other Republicans. ILLINOIS LEGISLATURE. SATURDAY, March 26.--SMUT*.--A discussion in regard to printing the ware house investiga­ tion reports occurred, and the resolution was voted down, but will come up, again. Billi were introduced : To punish railroad officers found guilty of charging unjust and unequal rates, of practicing unjust discrimination, of allowing rebates, aud of making special rates; to provide that the Railroad and Warehouse Com­ missioners shall give their entire time and attention to the duties of their office; providing for a consolidation, or rather for a reorganiza­ tion of one board of Penitentiary Commission­ ers; ordering Justices of tne Peace, constables, etc., to pay over their collections without delay. HOUSE. --The little business done was of a routine order, DO quorum being present. The joint resolution requesting the Attorney Gen­ eral to proceed by quo warranto to oust the Kankakee River Improvement Company of its franchises was adopted. Bills were introduced: Repealing the order requiring the railroad-rate schedule to be published in Springfield newspapers ; enforcing orders1 of the Railroad Commissioners; giving Railway Commissioners a six-year term ; ap­ propriating $4,600 for the purpose of furnish­ ing and repairing a room in the State House, to l>e used for the storing and preservation of the flags and military trophies of the State; in­ creasing the pay of town Supervisors; for the relief of August Maurer, injured on the Capitol construction; amending the law of taxation of | cities and villages; to regulate the practice of ' electro-therapeutics. MONDMT, March 28.--SBWAT*.-- A joint reso­ lution was offered looking toward an adjourn­ ment from Friday of this week nntil Wednes­ day of next on account of municipal elections throughout the State. Bills were introduced: An amendment to the Revenue law, which ex­ empts troin taxation church parsonage* to the value of $1,000; for the establishment of sewerage districts by County Boards; limiting the number of dram-shop licenses to be issued by County Boards---fixing the ratio at one license to 500 inhabitants, according to the United States census, with license-fee not to be less than $500 per annum. The General Appropriation bill providing for the ordinary and contingent expenses of the State Govern­ ment was made a special order for Wednesday next - HOUSE.--No quorum. Bills were introduced: To appropriate $248, with interest for an even forty years, to pay the last outstanding Maccal- ister and Stebbihs bonds, the holder having failed to take advantage of tho act of 1865; al­ lowing one-fourth instead of two-fifths of the residents of tbe county to petition for removal of county-seat, and permitting residents of a county-seat to unite in a petition. TUESDAY, Marcb 29. --SENATE. --Bills *ere introduced as follows: Making the sale of | oleomargarine and deleterious substances a j misdemeanor: fixing the salary of the Com­ missioners and Secretary of the Railroad and j Warehouse Board at $2,500 per annum ; amend- ! ing the law of the appointment of Receivers for corporations ; for the abolishment of Police and Fire Departments in cities of over 100,000 inhabitants, and creating a Board of Police and Fire Commis­ sioners, to be appointed by tho Governor: j a resolution giving appropriation bills prepe- i denco over all others. Bill* passed : Provid- j ing that, hi all counties in which Probate Courts' are established, County Cc current jurisdiction with the C--««, v™ all cases except criminal cases when UM ishment may be death or confinement In tfaa penitentiary; allowing witnesses STimmofasA before Justices atu-ndano* and milnaire • mS hibiting the changing of names ' aadt locations of incorporated companta** requiring all individuals or associations of iafei aividuals doing fire-insurance businenB withiM" this State to comply with the laws; amendii the law of township insurance companion- i mitting cities and towns to lew taxes to pa# judgments rendered against " them. TWT*- Senate concurred in the House reeolutiott for an adjournment from Friday of th$2; week until Wednesday afternoon of next weelt. Bills were killed : Requiring insurance con*»» panies. in the absence of Iraud, to pav th» full amount of the policy ; for the better edit- cation of dentists; requiring a submission <# , the license question at municipal elections oft a request of one-fifth of the voters; authorizing ;, tho employment by courts of record of shorff ^ hand reporters. # HOUSE.-- Billa were introduced : To provid# •, for the vacation of town plats ; to abolish thf| 1 life penalty and to make the muximnm thirty* three years ; to give the answer to a bill in ehaip^ oery the same force as the bill; to establish anl^v maintain a bureau for aiding and proc employment for discharged prisoners. A jo: resolution providing for an adjournment fi. Friday of this week until Wednesday of ne: ^ week was adopted. Bills on second" read in* cccupied the remainder of the day. WEDNESDAY, March 80.--SESATE.--The spe-> rial order for the day was taken up, being tha General Appropriation bill. It was read ** paragraphs and sent to third reading after ||. " discussion lasting nearly all day. Bills wefli introduced : Providing for completing tb|jt" title to swamp lands granted to the State fr£ the purpose of collecting the indemnity th<.r»l» on, and for the expenses incurred hy the Stati# ' Agent; regulating insurance companies)* appropriating $20,000 for a sewer iff the Feeble-Minded Institution at LmcoItiS,, A message was received from the Governor forming the Senate of the following apjjomt-- ments : Commissioners for the Johet Peniten­ tiary--Samuel H. Jones, of Sangamon county, to be his own successor; Herman IJenze, at Cook, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the res­ ignation of A. M. Jones. For Commissioners of Chester Penitentiary--James 8. Martin, of Marion county, to fill the vacancy occasioned by tho resignation of R. " D. Law-- rence; Isaac Clements, of Jackson coun­ ty, to be his own successor, and James T. Cooper, of Madison coiintv, to sne­ ered John G. Fonda, who has resigned. For Trustees of tho Illinois Industrial University-- Northern Grand Division, Emory Cobb, of Kankakee, to be his own successor; Central Grand Division, John T. Pearman, of Cham­ paign, and Charles ]Bennet, of Coles county ; Southern Grand Division, Robert N. Paden, of Montgomery county For Chief lnspect-or of Grain of tlie City of Chicago, John P. Rev nolds, of Cook county, to be his own suc­ cessor. HOUSE.--The Hou3e expressed its regret at the death of Thomas Matthew Halpin, of Chi­ cago, a member of the Twenty-eighth and Twentv-ninth General Assemblies. Bills were presented : Providing that the liability to issi|B county, citf, township and other voted ui4 bonds for the construction of railroads shall cease July 1, 18S'2 ; to provide for the publica­ tion of the session laws in the different coun­ ties in the State, at the rate of 40 cents per 1,000 ems, solid nonpareil; an appropriation of $40,800 for the erection of a State Arsenal and the purchase of groui*i lor that purpose; fining anvbody guilty of publicly using obscene or abusive language about and in the hearing of another ; in reW tion to the care and custody of the DouglQK monument aud grounds at Chicago ; fixing ti* salary of the Secretary of the Railroad ana Warehouse Commission at $2,500 per an­ num instead of $1,500; an appro­ priation of $20,000 for a sewer at the Lincoln Asylum for the Feeble-Minded; to amend the Warehouse law in regard to the appointment of the Chief Grain Inspector ; in regard to railway scales ; to establish and main­ tain a Western Illinois normal school. The Senate amendments to the Deadly Weapon bill were concurred iu. The Mann canal resolu­ tion went over, and was made a spe­ cial order for a week from to-morrovfc* The remainder of the morning and afternooi|, sessions was devoted to a solemn and wearisonift consideration of that monumental piece <lt' legislation known as the House bill 562, r(h ported by the Committee on Roaas, Highway^ and Bridges as a substitute for no less th&B nineteen other distinct aud separate attemptf to tinker the Road aud Bridge law in counti#| under township organization. , THUBSOM, March 31.--SENATE.--The Dram­ shop bill was reconsidered and recommitted* The bill to examine the qualifications of den­ tists was reconsidered aud passed. The Gov­ ernor's nominations were confirmed in execu­ tive session. Bills were introduced : Exempl- ing charitable, benevolent and other associa­ tions from the operation of the Insurance lava of the State; providing for tho release and discharge of certificates of levy on real estate j fixing tlio pay of the Committee of Appeals of the Chicago Grain-Inspection Department £ ,000 per annum ; amending the law of crimi­ nal jurisprudence iu minor particulars ; a resO» lution making date ef adjournment March 31% a resolution to deed the Bakewell land at Nor­ mal back to the original owner ; to establiA drainage districts ; providing for the appoint­ ment of one additional Circuit Judge to eadk district in the State ; punishing willful trear passers on coal lands by fine and imprison­ ment; a new Road law; authorizing the ' change of old and unserviceable State arms fqr new equipments ; providing for the incorpora­ tion ot associations to build railways ; appro­ priating $2,400 to Henry W. White and Will­ iam Allen; amending the law of tha administration of estates in minor particular#* The bill allowing Cook county to levy a tax for military purposes was revived and referred The Senate then concurred in the resolution expressing condolence with the family of ex- Representative Halpiu, deoeased. Bills passed: Appropriating $000,0W) for the expenses of the next General Assembly; preventing the console dation of companies operating parallel lines <jf railroad; a School bill amending the present law iu two trilling particulars. Tho bill author­ izing the commitment of defendants until finea and cost were paid was defeated. HOUJE.--A resolution for the submission of the appropriation for the Capitol completion to the people once more was presented. A re­ port was presented recommending the institu tion of suit against Chicago to recover the l»lg> front for the canal fund, and another to pay several old canal claims. A large batch of committee reports was handed in. The re­ mainder of the morning and afternoon ses­ sions was mostly taken up with three special orders, all on the subject of drainage. Bills were introduced : Amending the law in relation to county hues, so that cities and villa­ ges divided by such lines may annex portions of such corporations lying in "one county to the county in which other portions of the vi lage or city are situated ; to so amend the Attachment law that a defendant may execute a bond and retain possession of the property levied upon without rendering the surety liable to pay the plaintiff's Judgment unless the plaintiff sustains his attachment; an appropriation of $923 to reimburse William T. Dobbs for money alleged to have been paid into the Jacksonville Insane Asylum for the board of one R. L. Weems, an insane pauper: appointing a State inspector of butter and cheese; to amend the law in relation to removing disqualifications of witnesses who turn State's evidence. The bills providing for taxing telegraph aud express companies 2 per cent, on their gross earnings, one a House and the other a Senate bill, were made a special order for a week from to-morrow. A bill allowing tire-insurance com­ panies to insure against loss by tornadoes, and a bill giving Coles county a February and September term of court, were passed. FRIDAY, April 1.--SENATE.--A House bill giv­ ing Alexander county an additional term of Circuit Court, beginning the second Monday of May each year, was passed, as was the House bill' giving White conuty an additional term of Circuit Court iu June of each year. BilLs on second reading was the order of the day, and quite a number were sent to the next stage in the way of becoming laws. The Senate then adjourned until Wednesday afternoon next. HOUSE.--A number of committee reports were made. Bills were introduced: To prevent desertion on the part of a husband consequent upon a proceeding iu bastardy: to compel gas- meter manufacturers, or repairers of gas- meters, as well as gas companies, doing business in the State to have one off more sworn meter and gas inspectors; giving the Secretary of the Labor Conuui&aou authority to administer oaths and take testi­ mony ; appropriation of $531,712 to complete the State House ; making saloon license ; to abolish the Police aud Fire Departments of cities of over 100,000 inhabitants and create a Board of Police iud Fire Commissioners. The bill to divide Cook county into two Justice of the Peace districts was passed. Adjourned Uk Wednesday at 9 o'doek p. m.