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'..H "•fes J. VAStLYKt,i*K«a«NMMMr. McHENRY, ILLINOIS. LAKE ELSINORE--a body of water seven miles long, three vide; and eighty feet deep--Is between Los Angeles and San Diego, Cat A city Is growing up all around it, and steam­ boats make regular trips along the shore, and people can go from street to street by water in a charmingly Vene­ tian manner. THAT Venice of the poets and this Venice mentioned as follows in the London Times seem different cities: "The filthy corners of Venice are as foul as of old--in some cases filthy beyond endurance. Decayed fruit is sold to and eaten by a population de­ prived of its ordinary resources. The wells are fetill used by the majority of the population, for the Brenta Aque­ duct water & sold by the fpp| xu»d is very ^ear." THERE has been interesting fnqtdry by Prof. Virehow as to the relative number of blondes and brunettes in the German Empire. The statistics em­ brace as many as 6,758,827 school-chil­ dren. Of these more than one-half belong to the mixed type, and of the remainder about two-thirds belong to the pure blonde and one-third to the pure brunette type. In the mixed type, gray eyes and dark hair is the common­ est form. Among the Jewish children there are three times as many brunettes as blondes. CAPT. JOSEPH WHITIUDGE, who re­ cently died near Springfield, O., at the age of 83, bad made pretty thorough preparation for death up to a certain point. Thirty years ago he put away a plank of burr oak, and, after letting it season for twenty years, had his coffin made of it. He bought a winding-sheet and placed it in the coffin, which was stored away in a dark room. Twelve years ago he dug a vault in a field near his house, walled it up, covered it with sandstone slabs, and placed a boulder weighing over seven tons for the head­ stone. He was buried in his coffin and grave. A GEORGIA paper prints a remark­ able obituary notice of an old negro, who died near Lumpkin, recently. It says: "This old man was a former slave of J. A. 13. Ward, and lived with the "Ward family nearly fifty years. He was never heard to swear an oath, was never accused of lying or theft, never had a dispute or quarrel with his wife, never liad a whipping during slavery, nor was he ever known to take a drink of whisky. He was always faithful and obedient, peaceable and reliable. He and his wife had sixteen children, and they lived to see 120 descendants, who are now living." A clean record!*)? any man, black or white. AT the meeting of the Amerfeftli As­ sociation for the Advancement of Sci­ ence, in Buffalo, Prof. R. S. Woodward, of Washington, read a paper on the rate of recession of Niagara Falls. He said that the area of rock worn away at Horseshoe Falls between the years 1842 and 1875 was 18,500 square feet, equal to 4.25 acres; between 1842 and 1886, 24,500 square feet, or 5.62 acres; between 1875 and 1886, 60,000 square feet, or 13.7 acres. The main length of the contour of the falls is 2,300 feet. The time required to recede one mile, if the rate is 2.4 feet per year, is 2,200 years. The minimum values for the yoarly rate of recession, i. e., average rate along the whole contour, are: From 1842 to 1875, 2.44 feet; 1842 to 1886, 2.42; 1875 to 1886, 2.38 feet. THERE are no such ambitious struc­ tures in Vienna as in many places--no six, seven, ten, twelve-story buildings such as you see in some European and several American cities, for there is a law in Vienna that no business or resi­ dence block shall rise higher than four stories. They got around this by count­ ing from the first floor, which in most European houses is found at the top of the first story, so what in a building you term the first story is no story at all, and hence the Vienna house may have what you count as five stories. As most of these are liberally spaced be­ tween joints, they seem quite high enough, and with the multitude of pro­ jections and ornamentations have a very elegant appearance. All builders seem to take great pains in their work, and the result is that Vienna has some of the most elegant streets in the world. THERE are comparatively few jewels stored in the Treasury vaults at Wash­ ington, and how these jewels came there no one can tell. Among the val­ uables is an old sword, with jeweled hilt and golden chain. No one can tell to whom it belonged, but it is a relic of the Ifcevolution, and was probably cap­ tured and given to the Government, but locked up with the treasures in­ stead of being sent to the museum. There are two or three small bottles filled with precious stones, but these .are sealed up, and no one knows their value. They may be "stage jewels" for all the keepers know. In the box where these trinkets are kept is a curi­ ous old bottle containing attar of roses. It is variously claimed to -be worth from $100 to $100,000. Often when the box is struck and jarred or moved, the sweet odor of the attar of roses perme­ ates the vaults and lingers about the cold corridors for days. These, to­ gether with a few golden trinkets, make up the jewels of the Treasury. DR. GEORGE J. ADAMS, of Massachu­ setts, claims that while in Louisiana with his regiment during the war three of the soldiers entered a dwelling on the Magnolia plantation, twenty miles above New Orleans, and carried off $30,000 in gold' and silver. Being afraid to enter the city with so much .money, on teaching » pecan grove near foot bf which they buried the money jK&d then took bearings, one of the party being a civil engineer. Each of the three men was furnished with a copy of this, and the marauders re­ turned to New Orleans, intending to return after the war and recover the money. His two companions were killed and Adams was desperately wounded soon after. Adams was taken to a Northern hospital and left it paralyzed and helpless. When he re­ covered the use of his limbs, only a month ago, he returned to New Or­ leans and at once began to search for his treasure. He found to his dismay that all the older pecan trees had been cut down and only the younger ones left, and was consequently unable to recognize the tree under which the treasure was buried. He devoted him­ self, however, for three weeks to delv­ ing for it. A few days ago he took sev­ eral other parties in partnership, who advanced a better outfit for surveying land and digging for the money, but as he has unearthed no treasure his part­ ners had him arrested. THE Washington Star tells how Gen. Fremont's memoirs are written: "The Fremonts live in a commodious house that overlooks the wooded grounds of tlife British Legation, the trees of Nine­ teenth street, and the shrubbery of Du- pont Circle. The family at present here consists of the General and Mrs. Fremont and their daughter. The two sons are married. One is in the navy, the other lives in Montana. The work­ room is on the second floor of the house. The handsome bed-room furniture of the apartment was removed to give place to the necessary working outfit. There is a bay-window in the east end of the room, on the right of which is placed the General's table, surmounted by a tall set of pigeon-holes, where let­ ters, note, and papers are kept. On the other side of the window is placed Mrs. Fremont's table, a large, plain affair, covered with green leather. The General dictates, and Mrs. Fremont writes down each word of the story as it falls from his lips. The family grotip is, however, not yet complete. In the alcove is placed a type-writer, and with it Miss Fremont transforms her mother's manuscript into neat, legible print. Here tjiey all work together, as happy as need be, all day long. The rule of the house ii-t to rise at 7, take a cup of tea and a' roll, and begin work at 8, and continue until 12, when breakfast is taken. At 1 o'clock they resume work and forge ahead until 6, when the stop for the day and dinner is made. In the evening the copy is sent out, and in the morning other proof-sheets are received from the printer, 5 Gen. Fremont is now 74 years old, but looks scarce sixty. His hair, short beard, and mustache are white, but his brown eyes are as clear and bright as stars, and his com­ plexion has the ruddj, healthy glow of happy childhood. His height is me­ dium and his slight figure is comfortably rounded." SQUIRE HOBBS* F1L0S0FT. DE sun-flour waz neber "bawn to blush unseen." EF dar am ennyt'ing mo' pittible dan er x-kongressman, it am er x-pugilist. EF yo' wan' to fin' out how hard run er man is, jes' ax him tu lone yo' er kwarter. EF yo' wan' to protek yo'sef from de ill mannahs ob odders, allers be kur- teous yo'sef. EF de farmah wood put er little' mo' fertilizin' on de brane insted ob puttin' it all on de groun', he would raze bettah kraps. DE parrody on human laigs, wid er wun-ide spektakle an' er dime's wort' ob kloze on, dat stan's on de sidewawk in frunt ob de pos'-offis an' oggles all de yung ladies dat kuin an' go, orter go trade himsef off fo' er yaller dog an' er kwarter tu bute, an' den gib sum fellah de kwarter tu shute de dog. IT am werry aggerwatin', wen er promisin' yung man 'lopes wid de homelies' gal in de noborhood, simply bekoz de old man hab got er hundred touaand er so, fo' de deah ole chap tu pursist in retainin' er lease on lif fo' twenty-odd yeah, but de aggerwashun reeches er klimax wen de d. o. c. finally sukkums an' de p. y. m. fines dat de lierbilities exseed de assets. KOKGBESS orter 'point er board ob ekwalizashun to ekwalize de price oh labor. Sam Jones gits er tousand dol- lahs fo' preechin' t:ree sermons, wile de 'komplished an' skilful rear end ob er base-bawl battery mus' stan' behin' de bat fo' haf de seeson, an' akt az er tar­ get fo' kannon-bawls, an' pik globes ob greazed, sizzin', burnin', twistin', kurvin' lektrisity offen de bat, in ordah tu aim dat much munny. IT rekwiahs er pow'rful site ob pashens an' sef-kontrole fo' er man tu set straddle ob er log fo' seben long 'ours in de bilin' hot sun till de bak ob hiz nek looks like er shell-bark hikory, wile he perseveringly grasps wid bofe hans er long yaller kane pole, an'stares at er bottle-stopper er fioatiu' rotin' on de watah till hiz ize look like two nots on de side ob er shugar-tree in shugar- watah time, widout gittin' nary bite; but wen er little brat ob er .10-yeah-ole boy, a settin' on er bowlder not fifteen foot away, wid er young rope fo' er line an' er sikkamore lim fo'er pole, kin yank out er long string ob big bass an' pop-ize, it makes er fellah feel like fillin' de air full ob boy, fish, fishin'- poles, lines, an' kuss-words.--Chicago Ledger. A Lesser EviL "Ah, my friend," said the affable stranger as he alighted and warmly shook the hand of an honest Dakota farmer, "I am glad to meet you. You have a fine place here, good buildings and a well-cultivated firm. How is the wife and little ones?" * "Tolrel)le." "Glad to hear it. By the way, Mr. Snoozenberry, I see you have no" light­ ning rods. I want to sell you a couple for your house and " "Be you a lightnin' rod agent?" cried the old" man, with a look of relief. "Yes, sir." "Gimme yer hand again, then- thank God it's no worse! Come into the house and sit down--I thought at first you was another candidate fer some countv office 1":--Estelline Sell. SONG at the dog pound : tied comes i%T nXITOIS STATE NEWS. --At Galra the Po-toffiee safe was blown Often and robbed of $1,000. --A vein of natural gas has betas (track at Potomac, Vermilion County. --A fruit-dealer in Paris has bought and. retailed 12,GOO pawpaws this season. --Lead has been discovered in paying qualities in the town of Kent, Stephenson County. --The old family hone at EnUel Ruek- er, of Carthage, died at the age of thirty- nine years. --Harry Steel, of Macon, committed sui­ cide by shooting himself. He was in his nineteenth year. --At Jonesboro a wife-murderer named Wilson was sentenced to be hanged on the 12th of November. --The Sheriff of Champaign County re­ ceives $1,800 a year, and pays his own rail­ way fare and horse hire. --Nelson Morris, of Chicago, has closed a contract with a starch concern at Danville to feed 1,000 cattle for five yean. --A large eagle was attracted by the light of an electric lamp in a Champaign street, and was shot while hovering near it. --Texas fever has broken out among cat­ tle in Mt. Zion Township, Macon County. The affected stock were recently purchased in Chicago, and came from Iowa. --W. H. Herndon, who was President Lincoln's law partner, is going to take the lecture platform during the coming season with some reminiscences of his former as­ sociate. 4 --A Decatur grocer placed some ferrets in his store one night to catch rats. One of the ferrets crept into the chicken coops in a neighboring store and ldlled a large number of chickens. -- A farmer drove into Aurora with a load of cabbage and cucumbers. Failing to sell his vegetables, he drove furiously through the streets pelting every one he saw with the succulent products of his farm. --Mrs. George M. Pullman will soon leave Chicago for her winter residence in Florida. She travels in a ear built ex­ pressly for her use--a distinction enjoyed by no other American woman.--Harper's Bazar. * ' --Mrs. Willis Johnson, who has lived fifty-three years in Macon County, recalled at a recent old settlers' meeting that Deca­ tur formerly had a whipping-post near the log jail. She saw a man named Redman whipped at the post. --It is said that General Logan is devot­ ing the profits arising from the sale of his book to clearing off a heavy mortgage that rests upon his Washington property. Thus far 55,000 copies of the book have been sold.--New York Graphic. --Ex-Senator James B. Doolittle, Who resides at Racine, but has a law office in Chicago, has formally accepted the Demo­ cratic nomination for Congress in the First Wisconsin District. Judge Doolittle was a Senator in Congress during the rebellion period. --A monument thirty feet high, erected in memory of those who fell in the Black' Hawk war, was dedicated by the citizens of Stephenson County, in Kent Township. Col. J. D. Hitt, a veteran of the struggle, related some interesting facts connected therewith. --Chicago is rapidly developing as a pub­ lishing center, and valuable-books are pub­ lished there, and original work is accom­ plished there. Chicago is not the literary center of the West, by any means, but she is in a fair way to become such.--St. Paul Pioneer-Press. --A 3-montli-old child at Waynesville, DeWitt County, was born without eyes such as babies generally have, but there are small openings where the eyes ought to be, and by straining them open eyes about the size and having very much the appearance of a snake's can be seen, but it is not thought that they have any vision in them. The child is otherwise well formed and healthy. * t --At the conclusion of the Mount Pulaski celebration the proceeds, amounting to $7,000--all in silver--were placed in a wagon preparatory to being deposited in a bank. The horses attached to the wagon, becoming frightened, ran away, scattering the money broadcast over the street. It was gathered up by the people and re­ turned to the owners, and when counted at the bank shortly after but 60 cents was missing. --If a clergyman is a fine elocutionist, there may be some excuse for his reading a long hymn through when he announces it to his congregation; but in this age of the world most people who attend church can read, hymn-books are cheap, and time is valuable. Moreover, truth compels the statement that clergymen are not invariably fine elocutionists. The custom of readiug the hymns is unnecessary, and is a linger­ ing relic of the times when the preachers "lined the hymns" to audiences who were not familiar with them.--Chicago Tribune. --Says a writer in the Chicago Journal: "I can not say mnch for the beauty of Chi­ cago women," observed a New York lady to me last evening. "They are certainly not equal to their Eastern sisters in features, complexions, figures, or style." I was un­ able to agree with her, ladyship from Gotham, and asked her where she had formed her opinion of Chicago femininity and the beauty and style thereof. "At the Exposition," said she; "I should think that, if there are any pretty women in Chicago, they would visit the Exposition." This idea is a mistake, for the elite, the bean monde, the haut ton, and all the rest of those mysterious cliques, do not visit the Exposition to any great extent. "May I ask whether you chose the afternoon or the evening as the time for your studies of Chicago beauty?" I ask­ ed. "Oh, yes; I went hi the afternoon," she replied, "and really it was astonishing to see the vast aggregation of plain faces and scrawny figures. I was disappointed, for I have often heard that Chicago girls are pretty and stylish." "So they are. Now take my advice and visit the Exposi­ tion in the evening just to observe the difference between the- girls who go there at night and the diurnal visitants. You will find the average of Chicaga female loveli­ ness to be much higher than you suppose. The reason is^ palpable. The pretty and stylish girls have escorts and go in the evening. The less-favored damsels have "When the | no escorts and must perforce attend in the afternoon, chaperoning each other." < . 1 ^ CAMPAHW IS8UE& eeb of Senagpr ittut A. Lognn, Illinois, Bdftrmred at Pitt* of The Denea-eey's Broken finalm* Our Prosperity'Under Pro­ tection. •.*; All thought and action follow certain lines nom training, and after a time these line* be­ come set and are only changed with great diffi­ culty. Where no (huft Is attempted, we have Just to follow the line ef the maaber ct ma&ufectnr- 1MB was 84,963; in 1880, »d In lSflO, fl*).065,9M; in ~ employed in I860, > a? the put to discover the direction that will be pursued in the future. Istory of forma remain the their future usefulness complished in the So where their piat- we can only judge Of y what they have ae- The party now In power in this land has -written its history. After nearly twenty-live years of supremacy, that party was relieved in 1H61, and to-day but one measure enacted in accord with its finan­ cial policy remains on the statute books, to wit, the independent treasury system. Its financial dogmas maintained then and advo­ cated now, have all been abandoned by the country. The pet doctrine of this Democratic party, which it still fanatically clings to--State sovereignty--went down in a war waged by the Southern half of the party, backed by the sym­ pathy and assistance of their Northern allies. At the close of tills disastrous rule, when the Republican party came to the rescue of our government, they found that the financial and tariff policy of their defeated opponents had brought the country to its lowest level, without credit at home or abroad. Certainly there is naught in this record of Democratic control to inspire the hope that Its present course in tile management of the government will improve. The Republican party was defeated in the last election for the reason that the Democratic party had for twenty yean persistently made unfounded chaises or delinquency in the ad­ ministration of the affairs of the Government, until the cry was raised by a great many peo­ ple for a change, for the purpose of ascertain­ ing the truth or falsity of the charge. The Democratic party entered upon their search with on earnest zeal, inspired by jealous malice and a longing desire to fasten ui»n the Repub­ lican party the same character of corruption in the administration erf the Government as had marked their regime. After a most minute and painstaking examination of every transaction of the Government for the last twenty-five years, the old Iteinocratio party, disappointed and disheartened, snaringly admit that the record of the Republican party for purity and official integrity is the marvol of the world. Controlling this Government during a time when the most stupendous collections and dis­ bursements of money were nmde of any time during its history, no man can point to a single case where the Government was defrauded that the defaulter was not pursued, and the cases of actual loss to the Government are so rare that they can be enumerated on the finders of any hand. The percentage of loss during the Republican administration will defy comparison with the history of any Government on earth. When the Republican party assumed control of the Government, we established a system of currency that avoided all the evils experienced under the Democratic theory. The national banking system, the child of the Republican party, is constantly threatened by Democratic opposition, and should be restored" to the care of the party of its invention. The immense capi­ tal invested in the banks and the vast amount of their loans and assets would render a radical change in the system inimical to the conserva­ tive business interests of the whole country. We find the Democratic party ready at all times to seize upon anv quack system of finance for the payment of the public debt, that promises destruction to our credit and our honor in the future. At the same time, it bitterly opposes every advanced step taken by our party, and when we made our currency equal to coin we had to overcome their bitter opposition. So their opposition extended to all the great meas­ ures proposed by the Republican party. They have ever opposed our tariff system, and I de- rflre to discuss this tariff in a plain, common sense, and business-like manner. I promise to advance no theories, but simply to recall to your minds historical facts, and leave them to justify my tariff convictions. I am a tariff man from principle, and what led to my convictions I pro­ pose briefly to discuss. Immediately after the formation of our pres­ ent Government, and as the second act of the Federal Congress, a tariff bill was passed, and signed by George Washington, which declared in its preamble that such a measure was "nec­ essary" for the "discharge of the debts of the United States, and the encouragement and pro­ tection of manufactures." By a study of the commercial history of our country, I find this political measure followed by an unusual busi­ ness activity, and a rapid increase in the num­ ber of our manufactures. Prior to the Revolution, you will remember, it had been the policy of England to crush the ris­ ing industries of the Colonies, and that this was one of the leading causes of the war for inde­ pendence. Those far-seeing statesmen--the trainers of our Constitution and organizers of our Government--readily perceived the necessi­ ty for fostering our manufactures and protecting our labor in older to w&ke tilMountry self-sus­ taining. This system worked so well that at the next Congress tiie law was extended. The pros­ perity of the people continued, and in 1812 they were enabled to sustain themselves in the war waged with Kngland and win the victory. Imme­ diately following this war English merchants at­ tempted, by a concerted plan, to glut the Amer­ ican market with manufactured goods and force the suspension of our manufactures. oven at a temporary loss to themselves, that their harvest might be the richer when their competition in this country had been broken down. The scheme failed, owing to the prompt action of Congress in enacting the tariff law of 181(1, which is really the basis ot our American system of protection. Again, referring to our commercial history, I find this period marked by the increased pros­ perity of the |>eople. This was followed in 1824 and lHii by laws extending the scope of the tariff acts already on the statute books. But now came a division in the previous al­ most unanimous sentiment of the country in reference to protection. The South, fostering slavery, had devoted all her energies to making that traffic profitable, and had not kept pace with the North in ad­ vancing her manufactures. She saw with jeal­ ous eye the independent position attained by the North through her varied industries, and in­ stead of discerning the real reason for their sluggard pace, the leaders of the South seized upon the tariff as the cause of their condition. Such a clamor came from the South for free trade that the tariff men consented to a compromise and passed the act of l&W, which modified the existing law. This action was secured by the craft of the Southern leaders in consolidating their people upon the two doctrines of State rights and free trade. But, as all compromises have ever proven, this one was a failure, and while it gave a set-back to our rapidly increasing interests of the North, was not satisfactory to the Southern­ ers, who openly rebelled in South Carolina. But President Jackson soon quelled this dis­ turbance, and the free trade advocates claimed to be satisfied with the Clay compromise of 1833, which was a square backdown from the advanced position occupied by the tariff men, and proved a costly blunder. Our industries were from that time on the wane, and the com­ mercial distress of 18 (7 is traceable to this com­ promise. The advocates of free trade, having secured full power, through the aid of the kin­ dred doctrines of State rights and slavery, in 1840 passed the free trade act of that year, and then followed such financial panic and business depression this country had never experienced. The furnaces of Pennsylvania ceased to burn, the rich mountains were no longer mined, and the growing manufactures of. the State were par­ alyzed.Infant industry,that required the watch­ ful care of a protecting Government, was ruth­ lessly destroyed by the adoption of this free- trade heresy. liSt in 1861 the Republican party came into power, bearing upon its victorious banners the magic inscription of the glorious trinity, "Unity, freedom and protection." With this cry had the victory of 16.J0 been won, and right nobly did the party proceed to impress these doctr'nes upon the policy of the Govern­ ment. By the genius of the Republican party the tariff "act of 1861 was passed, and our sleep­ ing energies were at once aroused, and the di­ versified industries of the country were once more cherished and fostered. > What a contrast did our condition present to that of the Confederacy during the four and a half years of struggle. In opposition to our pol­ icy of protection, the Confederate Constitution declared, in Section 8: "Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imports and excises for revenue necessary to pay the debts, provide for the common defense, and car­ ry on the Government of the Confederate States, but no bounty shall be granted from the treasu­ ry, nor shall any duty or tax on importations from foreign nations be laid to promote or foster any branch of industry." Since then the Democratic platforms have followed in theory and almost in words the Confederate constitution on this subject. By this policy, which they would have forced upon Govern­ ment, they were left in a perfectly dependent condition, so far as manufactured articles were concerned, and they had absolutely no manu­ factures until the blockade was established. The Union blockade served the purpose of a prohibitory tariff, an<iforced the energies of the Southern people to be exerted in the Erection of manufacturing. On the other hand, the North during the war, and the whole country since, under the wise policy of the American protective tariff, has made rapid strides along the roads of piSiperity in the direction of peace and plenty. And in spite of the vast" destruc­ tion of property and shrinkage in values conse­ quent upon a great war, our accumulations in this country have more than trebled since 1MW, when the aggregation of wealth from the time the Pilgrims first landed was ¥14,003,000,030. Sr.rely we must look for some cause tor this vast increase over and beyond the natural growth of the country. Will any one say that prior to 1860 our people were not as intelligent, were not as energetic as now? Certainly not. But the genius and energy of the Americ»n peo­ ple needed to oe directed ; their old-time feeble efforts required protection, and the statesman­ ship of the Republican party gave that direc­ tion and protection. And to-day your porta may be closed to the world, and you may bo denied communication with all mankind, and yet the American people can live in comfort, ease, and elegance. It may be well for your people to in­ quire as to the benefits they have received under the protecting care of the tariff since • Eft . SFLSC products inUS* *wim,188; toiaao, 1744,748,MO. Number of acres in farms and values in 1880, 17,018,110 acres, rained at *(82,050,707; in 1880, 90,080,455 acres, valued at 1*75,669,410. in con­ nection with tbe discussion of the interests of your State, I desire also to show what the pro­ tective tariff has dons for my old State of Illi­ nois. We have ten manufacturing oounties non- 000,- manufac­ turing counties is 943.96 par acre, and m the non-manufact tiring counties, $29.89. These figures are only produced to show the increase in the value of farm lands near manufacturing towns, where a home market is furnished the farmer for his products. Under our system of protection farm products are to-day higher, while IDifiufMtured goods are lower than in I860. The wages of la­ bor are increased, while the cost OFR manu­ factured articles is diminished, and our annual accumulations amount to 35 per cent, of the profits of the whole world, and our people are in the beat possible condition. Contrast this re­ sult of the twenty-four years of Republican stewardship with the miserable record of the Democratic party up to I860, when the Treasury was nearly bankrupt and the commercial in­ terests of the country were at the lowest ebb. The Government was forced to borrow money at an exorbitant rate of interest, and distress pre­ vailed everywhere. What benefits have accrued to the whole country are realized only by the contemplation of these figures. , In I860 the capital invested in manufactures in the United States did not amount to one-thild of what is at present invested. The advance of wages from 1-60 to 1880 is 150 per cent.; in­ crease in number of bands employed, 108 per cent. The excess in the amount of wages paid at present above the amount they would receive at the rate paid in i860 is over $160,000,000. The value of property accumulated in tho United States up to I860, including slaves, was §14,000,- 000,000. In 1880 the aggregated value of prop­ erty was *44,000.000,000, being an increase of I90,0c0,0u0,000 in twepty years. In twenty ^ears of Republican rule these great developments have been brought about tinder the J?epublican- Ameriesn policy, in contradistinction to the Democratic-English free trade, or "tariff for revenue only." Whether we can say this vast growth, accumulation, and de­ velopment is altogether attributable to the Republican party or not, it is evident that their system of finance and their tariff policy gave encouragement to the people at home and abroad for investment, and tho ex­ ercise of their greatest energies, out of which grew an inspiration that led the people with gigantic strides to the attainment of the great­ ness, power, wealth, and glory of this great Re­ public. If the people are going to enter upon the Democratic-English policy hereafter, as better than the Republican-American policy, would it not be well for them to reflect and ask tliemselves the question whether under Demo­ cratic rule this country has over advanced on any line whatever, either in wealth, intelli­ gence, or individual or national power, as com­ pared with these conditions under Republican administration? At the end of Republican rule we found everything in this land peace, happiness, and prosperity, and shall we aban­ don a policy that has brought this about? Will the fanners demand that our manufactures be shut down, and their home market destroyed ? Will the operatives of this country be so blind to their own interests as by their votes to help retain in power a party that "attempts to destroy the business of their employers? With the histories and accomplishments of these two parties contrasted, why hesitate in deciding which shall control our State and National Government? What is there in the men or methods of the Democratic party to inspire con­ fidence? Who believes that a Congressional session will ever close without an attempt being made by the Democratic party to destroy our tariff system? And shall the three thou­ sand millions of dollars invested in manu­ factures, and the two and three-quarters mill­ ions of operatives, be left to the mercy of the tariff-tinkers of the Democratic party ? It had been frequently asserted by the Demo­ cratic party that our commerce suffered under Republican rule. That has been proven over and over again to be absolutely untrue. Our exports since 1861 have amounted to over $14,- 000,0,(0,000, or one-third more under twenty-four years of Republican rule than the exports had hitherto aggregated. The country has been searched for men to represent us abroad whose only object a few years ago was to destroy this Government. Wo have been hairassed with petty quarrels with foreign nations, and the administration has failed to show any nerve in demanding the rights of American citizens. This constitutes the record of the present administration, and it is a fair average of Democratic statesmanship and ability. Is there anything in this Bhowing that tends to convince the mind of the wisdom of continuing this party in power? This administration refused to approve the few bills that were passed to relieve the poor soldiers who were unable to make the technical proof required by the department, as jpany of them are not, but who have recoived injuries, severe and troublesome; injuries and disease contracted in tho army. Yet because the proof did not come up to the standard the ad­ ministration says he cannot allow charity to step in the way of duty. This is a very strange position for the administration to take. Is there no such thing as charity in a government? Ie the cold rule to be applied to every human being who is unfortunate and cannot make the exact evidence required bv the statutes, or is it a fact that the Government should reach out the hand of charity and assist the poor unfortunate men who" preserved it as a nation? Will the administration say that charity did not step in the way of duty when thousands of dollars were appropriated for the relief of the sufferers from the floods of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers? Was there any law making it incumbent on the Government'to do this ? Was it not act of charity 1 Will he say that while he extended charity to a person who fuiled to per­ form his duty in the service of his country, and claimed to put a charitable construction upon this act, will he say he can not do that when a poor unfortunate soldier asks the same favor extended to him ? Is this the policy of this ad­ ministration? Widely does it differ from the sentiments of Mr. Liucoln, when he expressed the noble thought, "With malice toward none; with charity for all." The charity that this ad- miniBtrat.on seems to extend is extended to those who were the enemies of the country, and not to those who were its friends. What will Pennsylvania do? Will she elect her State ticket, or will she do as once before, let this large Republican majority be frittered away to nothing? General Beaver, who is your candidate for Governor, is an able man, a gentleman, and an honest man, and certainly it is not to his discredit that he wup a brave and gallant soldier, and lost one of nis limbs while leading the Pennsylvania boys to victory against those who were trying to destroy the Government. He now marches forth on two crutches. Is that to be despised, or is it to his credit? Is there no longer sympathy, no longer gratitude in the breasts of the American peo­ ple ? I believe there is, and that the gratitude of the people of Pennsylvania will assert itself in the November elections, and place as Chief Magistrate of this great State one of her noblest twnjw (icueiai Beaver. KNIGHTS OF LAB0B. a l.-l-V Tines Have Changed. "Times are changed, and we are changed with them," sang the old Latin poet. His words are quite as true to-day, as the political history of this country for the last twenty-five years sufficiently attests. A great rebellion was crushed. The men who pat it down were at the time honored as the saviors of the nation. The men who tried to destroy the Government were held in utter execration and contempt. For a time the nation showed its gratitude to the men who saved it, but as years passed it forgot its debt of obligation, 'and strangely enough transferred its honors and rewards to the men who tried to de­ stroy it. But one generation has been required to see snch a transformation through a series of political accidents, as has been wit­ nessed in no other country in the world. The men who were called loyal in 1861 are set aside now to make room for the men who were branded disloyal then. The Government itself is in the hands of the men who then tried to destroy it, and the men who rescued it at the cost of millions of treasure and hundreds of thousands of lives are rejected as unworthy of the favors and rewards of patriotism. The old soldier who defended the flag at Port Sumter finds now that his medal of bravery is not a badge of honor with a Democratic administration. The old vet­ eran whose maimed and disabled body has reduced him to poverty finds that his wounds carry no mute but eloquent mes­ sage to Democratic hearts. Times have changed 6iuce he lost his limbs and nearly his life in the service of his country. A re­ cent dispatch says that a daughter of the rebel who shot tbe gallaut Ellsworth at Alexandria in 1801 has just been given a place in the Patent Office at Washington. Sbe is remembered and rewarded, and is it not fair to presume, for the service her father performed to the Southern wing of the party that is now in control of the Gov­ ernment? Times have changed and to some extent the people have changed with them. But we very mnch marvel if, after four years' experience under the present ad­ ministration, tbe people shall not by an overwhelming majority declare that times shall change again, but change back to the better state of loyalty, patriotism, and high-minded regard for the public service and the public good.--Den Moines Reg­ ister. Proceedings of the Richmond Convention. The teathannual convention of tbs eello£ the «th of ^October. Gov. sf Labor aaMmblad at Richmdu day, the 4th of \Octob< i«d ths dtwplm to the city and a naat speeoh. Frank G. Karrell, a la (ate, introduced General Master Workman Powderly, who delivered an address, remarking •hat the lash of tbe slave-owner had been stricken from his hands twenty-five years but that the new slave-owner--the mono, --is more dangerous than hi* prototype of helium days; and that it should be toe duty at the Knights of Labor to olutch anarchy by the throat with one hand, and strangle monopoly With the other. After Mr. Powderty's address all but. the delegates quitted hall, and the regular business of tbe session was begun in secret Nearly a thousand delegates were in attendance at the opening. Nothing was done at the first day's session beyond the appointment of committees. Mr. Powderly addressed the convention again, at the second day's session, urging the members to abstain trom the use of strong drink while in Richmond. As individuals, he said, be had no right to dictate as tu what they should do. bat they were not bere as individuals, but as repre­ sentatives of avast constituency. The eyes of the world were upon thorn while here, and their constituency would be judged by their oonduet. The time of tho convention until p. m. was oc­ cupied by the reading of the long roll Of over eight hundred names. The commjttee had reached a decision on all but eight or ten names, and these were referred to the conven­ tion itself. A warm debate on the report was had, but flnallv it was accepted and the dele­ gates whose seat« were in dispute were request­ ed to leave the convention. Thty retired quiet­ ly. The work of assigning seats to the remain­ ing delegates was completed at 7:30 p. m., whan an adjournment was voted. The fight over the right uf eight or ten dele­ gates to hold seats occupied tho entire attention of the convention at 'its third day's session. There was a very warm debate, punctuated by bitter attacks OH the "Home" Club. The find­ ings of the Credentials Committee were ap­ proved in one instance and condemned in an­ other, but the question of tbe admission ot Mr. Morrison, of New York, remained unde­ cided. The sensation of the day was the threat of Secretary Turner to a Western del­ egate who had denounced the Home Clnb. Turner informed the young man that he had better be careful, as his own seat in the con­ vention was not very secure. A Richmond dispatch says : "Throughout the citv the prin­ cipal topic of discussion was the admission last night'of colored Delegate Parrell to a seat in the orchestra circle in the Academy ot Music, a section of the auditorium in tho Richmond theater hitherto strictly guarded from the intru­ sion of all persons of his race. The general fooling among Virginians here is one of bitter resentment, and they regard tho delegates from District 49 with anything but friendly feelings. It is said that a ma­ jority of the local Knights nre much pro- voked at the action of their visiting brothers, and it was reported that a few Knights living here declared their intention of abandoning the order and joining the Law and Order League, organized here in sworn opposition to the Knights. It was rumored to-day that the dele­ gates of District 4',) would again escort Farrell to the theater, and Mrs. Powell, the proprietor, appealed for police protection, intending to compel Farrell to sit in the negroes' gallery.. The Chief of Police called on Mr. Powdsrfy to request that he use his influence to pre- Vi nt an attempt to force admission of the col­ ored delegate, as it would cause trouble. Mr. Powderly sent word that he was too busy to see him, but stnt Mr. Hayes, of the Executive Board, instead. The latter said he thought Farrell would not try to ent >r the theater, but he would give no assurance on the subject. Tho Chief and thirty-five policemen and a thou­ sand curious people were at the theater when it opened, but the colored delegate failed to pat in an appcarance." Very little was accomplished at the fourth day's Bession. It was decided to admit the del­ egation from District Assembly 1'26 of New York, headed by John Morrison, with the ex­ ception of Mr. Hisden. As the Committee on Credentials desired further time for the con- t sidcratiou of tho case of contesting delegati<nf from St. Louis, the rules were suspended and the convention proceeded to discuss the question of giving the Bupport of the order to the locked-out cotton workers of Am- gusta, (la., the curriers and tanners of Peabody and Salem, Mass., and the journeyman plumb­ ers of New York. There are 3,000 men in each of the first-named bodies, and about fourteen hundred in the last. It was decided to Bupport them. An extra forco of police was on duty in the evening at both the Richmond Theater and Academy of Music as a precaution against trouble if any further attempt should be made by the Knights of Labor to introduce colored men to seats from which they are excluded. No attempt was made, however. linrdette's Fnu. "What is that big iron thing full of holes?" asked Laura. "Locomotive boiler," said Tom. Laura looked thoughtful. After a moment's Bilence she asked: "Why do they boil loco­ motives?" Tom looked amazed: uTo make 'em tender," he said slowly. "Ah, Longjaw, up to your eyes in work, eh? What are you doing? Re­ modeling your lecture for next sea­ son?" "Bless you, no; I've no time to do anything with the lecture. I'm just remodel'the press notices." "Law Without Lawyers" is the title of a new book. That's nothing strange. Lemonade without lemons has been an old thing ever since picnics were in­ vented. "Do you believe that animals go to heaven, Mr. Semitone?" "No, I don't, but I believe that some birds go to the other place." "Why?" "Because a canary bird in Chicago has learned to whistle airs from'Mikado.'" There are Bome troubles that even religion fails to allay with comforting ministry. When a man goes to churofi on a hot morning, wearing a collar m size smaller than the neok band of his shirt, it's no earthly use for the parson to talk about heaven to him when he feels that neck band break out of it# reservation in a new bulge as fast as he tucks an old one under. "If," said the school mistress, "six masons can build a stone wall one hun­ dred feet long, five feet high, and two feet thick, in six days, in how many days Would twelve men build it ?" The •mart, bad boy at the foot of the class scratched the floor with his toe a min­ ute, and half wished he had studied his lesson. "Depends," he answered. "Depends upon what?" asked th» teacher. "Are they Knights of La­ bor?" asked the smart, bad boy* "That makes no difference," replied his teacher, "but we'll say yes." "Then," said the* smart, bad boy, tri­ umphantly, "it would take them about seventy-five years; they couldn't do a lick of work until Martin Irons died." The editor meets Lazibones on th» street. "What are you doing?" he asks. "Loafing," says Lazibones, "itfa too hot to work, so I've just laid off for the rest of the summer. Hain't done m lick of work in six weeks." "Good," says the editor. "I'll give you a stake. Come down to the office, there's a good fellow, and give us about thirty-five hundred words on the 'Labor Prob­ lem,' for Sunday morning, can't you?* The weary one hesitates, but says if it gets a little cooler maybe he will. "Father," said Hollo, looking up from his history, "who was Pliny the elder?" Hollo's father was too busy to talk just then, and Kollo's mother sud­ denly remembered that it was time to go to the kitchen and look at the bread, but Kollo's Uncle (J eorge stood his ground nobly, and said, "Oh, he couldn't tell just exactly who he was, but he was a big man in the Methodist church, a presiding eider, he reck­ oned." And Hollo venerates his Uncle George more and more every day, for his learning. The Sea Serpent. There is a growing disposition among scientilio men to discuss the "sea ser­ pent" as a creature whose existence is not at all improbable. The discovery within recent years of the giant squids of the Atlantic, some of which may at­ tain a length of fifty feet, is cited as a demonstration that large marin# ani­ mals may have escaped the attention of science even to the present day. Only an ignorant or thoughtless individual, indeed, would dare assert that there may not be some descendant of the monsters of cretaceous days even now TbeChicaga Oab St. 1Mb Wins the AB«H«U tton Flag--Notes of tit Ctam* Tim fHiwpiniii In TTIen ITinsli [Chicage correspondence.] The Leigae season is over, and the 1 cago Club has captured the for the sixth time in ten yean., ingof the olnbs at this wrij|e ̂'d |̂ four or five more games remaining to played, is as follows: y^TTnKlT. JUUbSSB. dubs- Chicago. Detroit... . *«• •• **• ««>e ee •»SB New York .W Philadelphia.........................57 Boston S St Louis Kansas City SB Washington 0 The St. Louis Browns have again the championship of the American A ciation by a good margin, as will b* by the following table, in«c of the contesting clube: mwcis Auoaurant. Clubs- Won. St. Louie ........................88 Pittsburg.... .75 Brooklyn ....^..^*.......71 Louisville ...„ ..........®5 Cincinnati........................... .00 Athletic flS Metropolitan 10 Baltimore 47 The Dulnth Base-ball Club has won Northwestern League pennant, £an being second, Oshkosh fourth, St. fifth, and Minneapolis sixth. The Eastern League season is Newark winning the championship, Waterbury second, Jersey City third, " ford fourth, and Bridgeport fifth._ Providence, Meriden and Long Clubs did not play out the schedule. The Southern League season ended in September. The* At Club won the pennant, with 8M second, Nashville third, Memphis Charleston fifth, and Macon sixth. Augusta and Chattanooga Clnbs out. Utica wins the championship of fbi ternational League. The Bocheeter ( is second, the two Canadian clnbs,' and Hamilton, third and fourth ] ly, Buffalo fifth, Syracuse sixth, ! ton seventh and Oswego eighth. The Denver club won the West* championship, beating the St. Jo out by four games. Leadville is think*' peka fourth, Leavenworth fifth and F ~ sixth. ..'vV-s Wilkesbarre wins in the PennsjHiaifllii; State League, with Altoona, Wil and Scranton ranked in the order j Portland is first in the New League, Haverhill second, Lynn Brockton fourth, Lawrence fifth anil Boston Blues last. NOTES OF THK 6JUO. CHICAGO has the honor of having in ilMh. ranks the two leading batsmen in League. ^ PITCHER RADBOUBN is sick of "Bnsfwi F! and wants to go to Philadelphia, fit merly played nnder Harry Wright's i agement in Providence. SOME of the St. Louis papers are delv&fil ing themselves and their readers belief that the League will allow Bttn championship games to be played in Mound City next season. CHICAGO has won the home and series this year from every club to League, as well as the championship. troit has lost the majority of the with both Chicago and New York. THE wont enemy ball-players have is bone-bruised hand or finger. Thel is easily contracted, and can only be by loug treatment of hot water ant] bing. The wound is very painful. yp THE Chicagos, champions of the Ka»,': tional League," and the St. Lonis Browns, champions of the American will play a series for the chamj the world, nine games in all--femrj played in Chicago and four in St. and one on neutral gronud. The are to be $500 a side, to be divided the players of the winning club. Thewiii- ner also takes all the receipts. A GHEAT deal is said about the Ghtaagps|ti luck in catching on to snch fine? players. It isn't so mnch luek as i Anson's patience and skill in the ponies. He doesn't expect wonder* < the m at the start, and gives them a ~ and patient trial, in order togivs i every chance to show what is in ti does not mind the little bleaks i will always make. The big Captain indeed a long head for base-haH. MAINE'S GOVERNOR-ELEC*. Joseph B. Bod well, who has been elected. Governor of Maine, was been in 1818 in what is now part of Lawrence, Mass. . la those days they called it by the fashioned name of Methnen. His was so poor that the boy went to live wHfc an uncle. The Governor-elect of has been a farm laborer, shoei farmer, teamster, quarryman and works proprietor. The latter he on a very large scale. He it who opened tne granite quarries Maine, thus giving his fellow a new industry. He began to THE lady who wears point lace is not ex- quarries at Fox Haven in 1852. So was the beginning that he used to haaft,! granite out himself with one yoke of j He learned shoemaking ever was going to school in the has, besides his quarry interest!, farm, and is known as of blooded stock. Mr. BodweO berawe a resident of Maine in 1852, in the towaof Hallowell, where he previously disooversd a desirable quality of granite. Be )MMt been an active politician, having nueseffit* ed the town of Hallowell m the Milne Legislature, and has served as Mayor: ten terms, and was a delegate at large I the Republican National Conventions 1680 and 1881. IN the latitude of New York, P»» fessor P. D. Penhallow has found proportion of water in trees and sfcftiHf to vary according to these general ' 1. The water in woody plants f constant for all seasons, and d« on conditions of growth. 2. It" greatest amount late in in June, and least in Jannaxy. •' is greatest in proportion in tfc* wood; least in that which is ' When plants grow most I.OIIMI -..Jl AV. r\:6- . V / J,J. ^ i " -A I, * I IKSlJ 'fit'JiC'I'I'l11