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v ;̂ * • mm. 4a*me ft Republican MeuKen s- Way* aad Kmos to the Ftm Trade Proposal. "The Glirlif bamliteiclM MUs BUI Polptai i -• M *y*V* V ••• >w ' ' «ff the *w £, : 'the Evil Oonsequenoea that Would En* sue Were It to Seoome a » r L a w . • " : ' '• of Om njinoifly Oonmttte® ? - <;'-On Ways and Means ou the tariff bill was prepared by Mr. McKinley and ia signed |y all tbe Bepublioan members of the corn* Ihittee. The opening paragraphs are as ^follow: ' • v The extraordinary maimer In which this bill •ame to the committee, and the totellaok ot .consideration given to so grave a matter b* •iom charged with its investigation, demand . atotice and comment. It was fashioned out- «ido of the committee, and reached it not by «ht reference of the Houhb, which is the usual Jhannel through which committees obtain irlsdiction of a subject. It was presented ^eady-made by the chairman of the committee, yaa framed, completed and printed without fbe knowledge of the minority, and without considera tion or discussion iu full committee. Jf any consultations were held the minority '%ere excluded. Thus originating, after three JUontha ol tbe session had gone, it was subuit- fai to the coiimi.ttee. Since there has been *o consideration of it. Every elloit upon the muwf, if the proTls- n goods and r, tbe whole Jart of the minority to obtain from the majori- *y the facts and information upon which the7 Construct*; dthe bill proved unavailing; a reso­ lution to refer the Dill to the Secretary of the Treasury for & statement of its probable effects Upon the rHvonue, togetuer with a statistical - abstract which would facilitate its coasldera- flon by the committee and th? House, was oted down by a strict party vote. V; The industries of the country. located in />>»very section of the country, representing vast vVaterests closely related to the prosperity of 1fre country, touching practically every home, and every fireside, and -which were to be af­ fected by the bill, were denied a hearing, and the majority shut the doors of the committee gainst all examinations of producers, con- iumers, and experts, whose testimony might are enlightened tbe committee. The farmers, hose investments and products were to be sastrously dealt with, were denied an oppor- nity to address the committee. The work- gmen of tbe country, whose wages wore at Stake, were denied audience. Their Repvesen-atives on the floor of the House were not per-aitted to voiee the wants of their constituents, 'roposing a grave measure which would affect .•11 the people in their employments, their ^ Ajjabor and their incomes, the majority persist­ ently refused the people the right <>f hearing tnd discussing, denied them the simple privi-ige of presenting reasons and arguments ... mgainst their proposed action. , But as thiB bill is avowedly a political one, relieved to represent, bo far as it goes, the Views of tbe President and his party associates, ,4 hill whioh, with the Presiaent's free-trade message, is to constitute the issue and be the platform of the party.it may aocount for but Trill not justify this extraordinary course of P cedure. The minority protested without U in the oommittee, and now announcing it he House, aa they feel constrained* to do, ept tbe issue tendered by the bill, aceom- lied with some of their reasons for opposing ind make their appeal from the people's pervants to the people themselves. 1 . The bill is a radical reversal of the tariff Ipolicyofthe country whioh for the most part nas prevailed sines the foundation of the iSovernment and under which we have made industrial and agricultural progress without a 'parallel iu the world s history. If enacted into law it will disturb every branch of business, itard manufacturing and Agricultural pros- rity, and seriously impair our industrial in- lependence. It undertakes to revi-e our ntlre revenue system; substantially all of the schedules are affected; both classiflca- on and rates are changed. Specific duties re in many cases changed to ad valorem, hioh all exparience has shown is productive [ frauds and undervHluations. It does not orrect the irregularities of the present tariff; t only aggravates them. It introduces uncer­ tainties in interpretation, which v. ill embar- tass its lidministration. promote contention nd litigation, aud give to tbe customs officers . , .latitude ot construction which produce endless chatroverav and con­ s' - j fusion It is marked with a sectionalism which • --cjBvery patriotic eitt/en must deplore. Its con­ struction takes no account of the element of 'labor which enters into production, and in a , : • ,|aumber of instancea makes the fltalshcd or ; jadvanced product free or dutiable at a less '••"j-. rate than the materials from which it is made. ^ ""The poor man s blanket," which the majority has made a burning issue for so many years, is made to bear the same rate of duty as the rich man's. More thau a third ot the free list is made up from the products of the farm, the forest and the From pioJucts which are now dutiable at the minimum rates, ranging from 7 to 25 per cent., ana even this slight protection, so essential, is to be taken from the farmers, the lumbermen, and the quarry- men. The American farmer will appreciate the vicious character of the bill as applied to him, when he is apprised of tbe fact that while the products of the land and labor are shut out irom Canada by protective tariff imposed by the Canadian Government, the Canadian farm­ er can send many of his products here without the payment of dnty under the proposed bill. How long will tbe rate of agricultural wages be continued in the United States under such legislation? What sort of reciprocity is this / This will be a direct benefit to the Canadian farmer, and a most serious blow to the Ameri­ can. The whole bill has that tendency, and seems to be subject to the criticism that it was framed to beueflt other countries rather than our own. Nowhere in the bill is the ultimate purpose of its authors more manifest than its treatment of wool. It places this product upon the free list and exposes our flocks aud fleeces to merciless competition from abroad. In thiB respect the bill is but the echo of the Presi­ dent's message, and gives emphasis to tbe set­ tled purpose of the majority to break down one of the moat valuable industries of the oonntry. It is publie proclamation that American policy of proteotkm, so long adhered to, and under which has been secured gnprecedented pros­ perity in every department ot human effort, is to be abandoned. Why have the majority put wool on the free list? Let them make their own answer. We ?luote from tbe report: "We say to the manu-acturer we have put wool on the free list to enable him to obtain foreign wools cheaper, make his goous cheaper, and send them into foreign markets, and successfully compote with the foreign manufacturers." 1. The purpose is to bring down tbe price of wool. If this should be the result, we inquire at whose expense and loss '! It must be at the expense of the Ainerioon grower and to his loss who, at present prices and with the present duty, is being forced out of the business by ruinous foreign competition. Tbe injury, by the confession of tho majority, will fall upon l-grower. He is to be the first victim. He can Una no profitable foreign mar­ ket if he is unable to hold his own, aud it ia absurd to talk about enlarging the market for his product at home with the wool of the world crowding our shores unchecked by custom house duties There were 114,000,000 pounds of wool imported into this country the last fiscal year, and our domestic product, as a result, even with a duty of 10 oents a pound ou the higher grades, was diminished to 265,000,000 pounds, 'Ihe bill will greatly increase im­ portations of tbe. foreign product and dimin­ ish, if not wholly destroy, our owu production. Every nation ought, if possible, to produce its clothing, as well as its food. This nation oan do both if the majority will let it alone. It should be borne in mind that our wool pro. dneers cannot compete with countries where no winter feeding and but little summer attention is leauired and where labor ia so cheap, unless their industry has just and ade­ quate protection. Is labor in manufacturing more deserving of the considerate oonoern of Copgrees than labor engaged in the field of agriculture? Both are useful and equally honorable and alike merit the thoughtful con­ sideration of those charged with making laws. The majority repott asserts that we niunt pro­ duce our w ioleu goods at lower cost and be able to undersell the foroign product. And after tbi% bow is the lower cost to i>e s ?euredf First by fleecing the wool-grower, and next by reducing the labor eost iu the manufacture. How are we to undersell tbe foreign product? By making the manufacturing cost of our goods loos than theirs. In other words, bv cutting down the wages of our skilled and unskilled labor, not to the foreign staudar i Simply, but below it, for the product must cost ub less if we undersell our competitors. The American farmer will not quietly submit to this injustice. The American workingxnan will indignantly repel this affi rt to degrade his l ibor. The majority gravely inqnir in their rej ort: "If Congress gran-8 the request of the wool-growers, what axe the people to do for woolen ciotbin : ?" We beg to BU gest to the peop e of this country who purchased woolen cloths during the existence of the tariff of 1867, and the tariff proposed by the wool conference is substfintia lv that tariff, that Uiey were never better clothed, and naver better able to buv them. It would be instruc­ tive to the juajoritv to compare the prices of woolen clothing in this country during the per­ iod from 1H47 to 18tf , uuder the low tariff then prevailing, with the prices now prevailing, and they would bo prof.ted also by a comparison of the scale of wages t ien preva ling with those now ma ntained. Ihoir investigations would - disclose the wretched condition of labor iu the former period, the starving prices then received and tbe inability of thousands of worthy work­ men to get work at auv prices. Clothes at any < price were then 'the dearest. If the laboring men could have been heard by th • committee, they would have told a story of misery during the free-trade era which might have deterred the majority even from inaugurating the policy -now proposed. Again, the majority inquire • "Are the people to be compelled by Congress to wear c otton goods in the winter or go without to give boun­ ties to wo'1-grcwers and wool manufacturers?" While this < nextion is too trifling for serious reply, we assure the majority that the only Amwfoan modu«HHIS^nv:ted by fhe majority report is desottom Op owa market ia the best. There ts no novel aaytrbere compara­ ble with it. Let as firstet all possess it. Itis ours, and we should enjoy It Wool in the free! list is a deadly assault apan a great agricultu­ ral interest, and wlli fallwith terrible severity upon a million people. B will deelroy invested capital, unsettle established value*, wrest from th* flock-master* their life^bne earnings, bank­ rupt the thousands ot our test and inoet in­ dustrious farmers, and drive them into other branches of agriculture abeedv overcrowded. It is a vtoious and indefeasible blow a* the en­ tire agricultural- interests of the country. The report then goes on to say if the ions of the bill concerning woolen manufactures will become a law, ready-niEdt c othing business of tbe country will be transferred to European rivals. The provisions propoeed by the bill under the flax and hemp, bt rax, earthenware, glaeaware, plate glass, lumber, salt, and metal schedules, the repot t declares, will, if enacted into law, be disastrous, if not entirely ruinous, to many American industries. Under the head of steel rails tbe report says: If the majority desire tt insure the nm<Hng over of our steel rail mar­ ket to our English rivals, the proposed duty of *11 will accomplish this purpose, unbMs the workingmen who are employed in producing the raw materials and finished products cf our steel rail works are willing to accept still lower wages than they are now receiving, and the railroad companies that transport the raw ma­ terials are willina to greatly reduoe their freight rats*. Have the majority any assurance that the workmen and the railroad eompan'ei are willing to accept taese conditions? Keither were ho aril before the committee. The Hupply of steel rails u the PaciSc coast is now iu tun hands ot foreigners, because of the cheap transportation by water from foreign ports, the existing duty of 81/ not being sutti- cieuVto enable our manufacturers to compete for that trade. It is stated that the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Jb'e Railroad Company had laielv purchased 10.00J tons of foreign rails ta be delivered at Ban Diego, CaL, and it is men­ tioned that another lot of 2,5J0 tons of foreign rails had recently been aold by foreign makers for a Pacific ooast railroad In proposing t > seriously cripp'e, if not to destroy, the manufacture of steel rails in this , c iuntrv. the majority probably do not realiza, the full significance ot the results which they invite. It should be remembered that our . manufacturers of steel rails consume almost one-half of all the iron c>'0 aud almost half of all the pis-iron that th3 country produces. If this great market for American iron ores and pig-iron is to le destroyed, the country need not be told of the distress which will ccme to labor and tbe bankruptcy which will come to pro­ ducers. A flagrant defect of the bill of the majority is its preference for a*t valorem over specific du­ ties. although the testimony of almost every Secretary of the Troasury since the foundation of the Government has been recorded against the frauds upon the Treasury which ad valo­ rem duties invito and foster. And here, say* the report, we detect a manifest purpose to fa­ vor foreign manufacturers at the expense (V our own people, for if ad valorem duties hav.^ so operated in the past as to encourage irauduv lent importation of foreign goods, they may b«i expected to do so again. i< The next question considered is the surplus, and upon this tbe report says: If it be the pur­ pose of the majority to reduce the iucome of the Government from customs sources, we beg to remind them that that purpose wiii not be ac­ complished by tbe scaling ao*n of duties, as proposed in the bill. It is well known, and sup­ ported by almost universal experience, that a mere diminution of duties tends to stimulate foreign importations and thereby increase the revenue and augment the surplus. If "the ab­ solute peril* to the business of tbe country de­ scribed by the President in his message last December as resulting from an exciting and inoreaaing surplus, was imminent aud well founded, now easily be could have averted it by tbe purchase of outstanding bonds with tbe surplus money in the Treasury, a power which he possessed, clear and undoubted, under the act of March 3, 1881, wbtch is as follows : "That the Secretary of the Treasury may at any time apply the surplus n:onoy in' the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, o{ so much thereof as may be considered proper, to the purchase of pr redemption of United States bonds " t; To have thus used the surplus would hav# been direct and business like, just what a pru­ dent business man would hnve done with fait idle money--called in his creditors and applied? it to his debts. The President failed to do thisv and when Congress assembled "the condition"1 confronted it. If the House had even then ap>s'> predated tho situation, bow promptly aud eas­ ily it could have, in part at least, - relieved itui It could have been done iu the ilrst week of December bv abolishing the entire tobacco tav, amounting to *iiyannuallv. and thereby removed a great burden from the agricultural producers of the country by releasing also front taxation aloohol used iu the arts and manufao* turea, which it is estimated would amount to i6,0J0,0X) more. ThiB simple proposition would have received a practically unanimous vote in tbe House and the approval of the country, and have stopped the collection of $3,000,0 K> a mouth, and if it ns4 been promptly done, tbera would now be &12,- 01)0,000 less of surplus iu the Treasury, and we venture to predict that the reduction that coiUd ha e been thus secured was greater than ne reduction which will be accomplished by this bill. Tbe majority failed to seiEe the oppor­ tunity. It seems impossible for the party of the majority iu the House to pass a revenue bill and reduce taxation; this has been its al­ most unvarying experience while in control of the House. The report states that from 1866 to 18S8 the control of the House of Representatives has been equally divided between tbe two polltioal parties, each having eleven years. 1 )uring the eleven years of Kepublican con­ trol the revenues were reduced (estimated) #3 .'2,501,569 ; during the eleven years of Demo­ cratic control the revenues were reduced ; difference in favor of the present minority party in the House of $356,235,634. In concluding the report the minority say: It is manifest that the responsibility for the present monetary condition which so alarms the country does not rest with the minoritjjr party in the House, but with the present ma- iority in Congress They cannot escape it. The 'resident has for three years failed, while hav> ing the power, t > avoid the financial condition he now 00uiplains of. The majority in the House for six years has signally failed to pro. vide for a reduction in the revenue. They can­ not avoid responsibility for the evils which are now upon us, and while these are beyond their power* to retrieve, thev can bv courage and wisdom, and governed bv business principles provide against like evils in future. They must sow act or make public confession at failure. Tbe minority regard this bill not as a revenue reduction measure, but aa a direct attempt to fasten upon this country the British policy of free foreign trade. So viewing it, their sense of obligation to the people, and especially tbe working people, employed in manufacturing and agriculture in all sections of our common country, impel them to resist it with all their power. They will assist the majority in every effort to reduce the redundant income of the Government in a direct and practicable way, but every effort at fiscal legislation which will de> Btroy or enfeeble our industries, retard mate­ rial development or tend to reduce our labor to the standard, of other countries, will be met with the persistent and determined opposition of the minority represented iu the House. William D. Kki.l,kt. Thomas M Bbowkx. 1 T. B. REKD. William McKiklST, Ja. J. C. Bubbows. 1B|VQUGuQ VpHwH WHOrlM^. Fwdwtcl VOttsm DneriM . -- ;-'y" ud EqUni. lit Extraordinary Surgical Opera- bat One Requiring •. j*.,. 1** . ~ S&ifisnvedfcs *ro the p#dmTtf^t pliy icians in attendance upon Frederick William ITT, of Germany, held a con­ sultation and decided that in order to save the illustrious patient's life he would have to submit to a surgical operation. It seems to be an open question •bother or not the trouble is a cancer or some less Malignant tumorous growth. If it is the former , THE BUB-HYOID HEGIOX, ' "k--Os Hyoid, bone at base of tongue. B--Thyroid Cartilage. C--Cricoid Cartilage. D-K--Trachea. E-G-H--muscles. the Emperor will probably die before many months; if it is the latter he may live to the natural end of his days, and may or may not regain the use of his roice. Whatever the naturo ot the malady is. there has been tumorous growth on the muscles of the larynx, which threatened to fill up the wind-pipe and choke the patient to death. To avoid this, the doctors decided to perform the surgical operation, which is known as tracheotomy, and it was accordingly done. It is not an extraordinary opera- Tin- Record of Cleveland's Three Tears. The six definite enterprises which con­ stitute the whole book of Mr. Cleveland's policy, so far as his administration has had a d stinctive policy, are these: The reform of the civil servioeonthe so-called non-partisan or mugwump plan; The 8upension of silver coinage in order to avert a predicted financial panic; The negotiation of an extradition treaty with Great Britain; The settlement of the fishery troubles by the negotiation of a treaty with Great Brit­ ain; The reduction of the surplus by means of an extensive reduction or customs du­ ties, retaining tbe internal-revenue taxes; The Pan-Electric suit to annul the Bell telephone patents. In every one of these six oases the result of the undertaking can be recorded in a single word: The administration's civil-service reform policy--Abandonment. The administration's demand for tbe suspension of silver coinage--Relinquish­ ment. The administration's extradition treaty- Collapse. The administration's fishery negotiations --Surrender. The adminstration's surplus-reduction plan -- Repudiation. The administration's Pas-Eelectrio suit --Disgrace.-- New York Sun (Dem.). Let the Battle Proceed. Una Republican party understand per* fectly that it has a d fficult task before it to win in the approaching political cam­ paign; but Democrats who are counting on weakness and timidity on the part of Bepublicans will find themselves grandly mistaken. The record shows that the Re­ publican party fights best when it is ap­ parently in a minority. It is then most ag­ gressive, united and triumphant.--Albany Journal. "How ded you begin life?" the youn£ man asked of the great man. "I didn't begin it," truthfully replied the great mas. "It was here when I got bete." THE TUBE IN THE TRACHEA. tion. Many of our surgeons perform it, in their regular practice, without a word of comment. Slill, it is a delicate piece of work, requiring skill and exact knowledge, in order to avoid the need­ less opening of blood-vessels. The diagrams show just what was done to the Emperor. The doctor* laid him ou his back. A longitudinal slit was made in the trachea, or wind­ pipe, care being taken not to cut the veins which are met with (E. Fig. 2) or to pierce tbe back wall of the trachea, thereby wounding the oesophagus or food-passage, which lies just hacft of it, ... - of tbe weapon again the bear «pe oe him tooth and naiL Seundereou says that he baa «een•. many Catakili Mountain bom be never saw so vickraaa brute as tbe one he ettoeuntered. It waa not tantil hn clothing wan torn nearly off ^him and bis llesb was scratched and bleeding that he aucceeded in getting the upper hand of the bear, though he declares his escape was chiefly due to loss of blood and consequent exhaustion on the brute's part that caused it to succumb The animal waa a comparatively small one, its weight being 151 pounds. Saunderson is still suffering from the effects of bruin's claws, one of the scratches on his left arm being a hrif inch in depth. --New York Times. Hew People Build Houses. I used to know a man who bad a "study" in his bouse. I often heard him speak of it, in a natural, oasy way, as a minister or professor would speak. He was not a minister or a professor. He owned a line of drays and did nearly all the tracking in the* town. He was a school director for one term. I felt a little curiosity to see his study, and one evening I dropped in to see him. His wife said he was in his Btudy, but she would call him. He received me and said, "Come into the study, and we can light our cigars." I went. The study was a small dark room under the staircase. It had one half window, and must have been dark about ten hours of daytime. There were two or three chairs in it, a long box, covered with chiotz that was awfully suggestive of abandoned shoes, and a scroll saw. That was all. I asked him if he sawed, and he said no. He had this study put in, he said, when he was actively inter­ ested in popular education. The thought that a school direotor ever felt the slightest interest in educational matters amused me very much, but I did not say so. I called not long ago on a friend in the city. He is a wealthy man, so I am proud to call him my friend. I have forgotten what I called on him for; to borrow money, probably. The servant said he was in the library and would see me there. The library was very handsomely furnished--chairs and a abfa, and a sewing machine and one thing and another. There were no books nor any trumpery of that sort around. My friend said they littered a room up so and his wife didn't like it,* so he always read his papers in the dining-room. I blushed and felt that I had exposed my rnwness, for I was such an unsophisticated child of nature I always somehow associated a library with books. A family of my acquaintance has a room that is a profound mvstery to me, It opens off the parlor and is furnished in blue. They call it the music-room. Of all the people 1 know, that family knows the least music and most cor­ dially hates what it does know. There isn't a musical instrument in the house, and they once discharged a groom be­ cause he played the mouth organ. But they are prouder of their music-rooip than of all the rest of their house. And, then, I know one of the sweet- est, most gracious women in the world, who always speaks of her "drawing- room." I have been in it. It is not quite so light as a casemate, but then, it is wider than some halls. You hare to stand up in it, because if you sit down there is no room for your knees. A friend not long ago took me out to see his new "stables." There was only one of it, but he called it "stables." "It were very completo. They was of brick, and had grain chutes to every stall, water, apparatus for hoisting hay, two great stalls for the coach horses and a iooso box for the pony and a saddle horse. I asked where his horses were. He said it didn't pay to keep horses, it was more convenient and cheaper to hire them, and he and his wife were so mortally afraid of horses anyhow, they seldom drove. Still, he always wanted a good stable, although he never expected to keep a horse.-- Boh Burdette. nation. [Waahlagtoa speotel. | Ifce resignation of Isaac M1« Mtafcrtei Resident to tbe Netherlands, has been ac­ cepted. It will take effect on the 4th of May. Mr. Bell will return home on ac­ count ot a pressure of, private business. Mr. Bell, who it about 48 or 44 yean of FHE BREATHING TUBE, ABOUT NATURAL SIZE. as allows in Figure 3. Then a curved silver tube, of the same size shown in Figure 4, is inserted,a^ shown in Figure & In a case ^>f tracheotomy recently performed by a Buffalo surgeon the tube which was used (and which no doubt is well-known to the profession) had an enlarged lower end, which, when in place formed a snug draphragm, entirely isolating the part of the trachea above the tube; the tube is also double, the inner tube being capa­ ble of removal for cleaning. . So tho Emperor has this contrivance stuck in his throat, and breathes through it. Tbe use of the trachea-tube, it will be observed, is not a treatment of the dis­ ease. The seat of the disease--the larynx and attached muscles (Fig. 2) is above the tube, which merely keeps the patient from choking to death, while the disease pursues its course of development. If he gets well, and the natural passage to the trachea is un- Clogged, the silver tube can be removed, and the wound in the throat healed up. In the Clutch of a Bear. Frank Saunderson, a hunter of con­ siderable note, struck the trail of'a bea* in the woods near Kaaterskill but a short time since. He followed the soent for a some distance, but his atten­ tion was distracted by the appearauce of scores of white rabbits; so he left bruin's trail temporarily in order to bag some rabbits. That he had made a miscalculation regarding the bear's whereabouts was quickly apparent, for at the first shot firel at the rabbits a fierce growl and the crackling of un­ derbrush betokened the fact that dan­ ger mena ed the hunter. The growls sounded nearer and more threatening, but it was not till the bear was fairly on the hunter that he saw tbe shaggy monster. Saunderson says that the animal must have been in hiding in the root of an immense tree, for its appear­ ance was so sudden and startling that age, is the son of Isaac Bell, a public- spirited citizen of New York. He married a sister of James Gordon Bennett, owner of the New York Herald, Up to 1877 he followed the business of cotton broker. He then retired to Newport, H. I., where he owns a handsome villa. His wife and he are leaden in the society of that resort. THE NATIONAL DEBT. Decrease Daring March ef Eleven and a Half Millions. ' OVer lW ash Ing ton s] Following is the regular monthly debt statement: imtkukst-bkaiuno debt. Bonds at per cent. I 230,544,600 Bonds at 4 per cent 7S4.4W.300 Kefuoding certificates at 4 per cent 143,640 Navy pension fund at 3 iter cent... 14,000,000 "* " "aiaperoent 64,6*1,51* 1^041,764,052 11,198,623 Pacific railroad bonds 1 Principal. Interest Total. 11,062,86*677 DEBT OM WHICH INTKKBST HAH CXABKD TIMCB MATURITY. ' Principal. ...v. -....f Interest 171,556 Total. t .2,850,331 DEBT BKARlNOt MO 1NTKUST. Old demand and legal-tender notes.9 346,737,9 56 Certificates of depoait. 8,915,000 Gold certificates 91,953,0 49 Hilver certWcates 191,526,445 Fractional currency (less 18,375,934 estimated as loat or destroyed).. <,941,081 .f 646,074,411 fLeW.527.2W 11,370,182 TOT AL< DKBT. Principal...'. Principal.... Interest Total $1,701,897,410 Less cash Items available foe re­ duction at tbe debt f 90tt.455.358 Less reserve held lor redemption . of U. & notes 100,000.000 Total... .« 406,453,355 Total debt lees available cash items$l,295,442,085 Net cash In the Treasury 104,573,93V Debt less cash in Treasury April 1, 1888.... Debt less cash in Treasury March 1, 1888 . .$1,190,868,155 11,208,451,714 Decrease of debt during month .$ ll,»8i,55# Decrease of debt sinoe June 3,1847. 88,560,581 CASH 1M THK TREASURY AVAILABLE FOB THE REDUCTION OS- THE PUBLIC DEBT. Gold held for gold certificates actu­ ally outstanding $ 91,951,919 Silver held for silver certificates actually outstanding :'.... 191,523,445 P. •> aetea held fear mrtlfiBiUn o( . . ..... deposit actually outstanding 8,913,000 Cash held for matured debt and in- ___ terest unpaid 14,058,977 Fractional currency..*. 983 Total available tor reduction ot debt t 800,455,354 RESERVE POND. Held for redemption of U. H, notes, acta Jan, 14,1875, and July 12,1882 $100,000,000 Unavailable for reduction of the debt- Fractional silver OOin $25,568,279 Minor coin 180,548 By Rail to Alaska. The great project of building a rail- way across Siberia, now being pushed to campletion by tbe Russian Govern­ ment, strongly holds out the idea that in the very near future a great iron belt from this side of the world will meet it half way, and travel by land from the New World to the Old will have been accomplished. Great rail- way corporations are now seriously look­ ing into this, as it seems, stupendous project, but in reality not as great an undertaking as Eastern people believe. The country that will necessarily have to be crossed in West-British Columbia and Central Alaska is far from being the frigid none that many believe it to be. The line would undoubtedly in its course north strike the headwaters of Yukon River, then keep down the mighty stream to within 100 miles of the coast, at or near Nulato. where it would leave the river and running nearlo west would terminate at Cape Prince of Wales, with about fifty statute miles of the Siberiau coast. Very little difficuiy, except, perhaps, in crossing the ranges at the headwaters of the Yukon, would be apprehended from deep snows in the winter. Tbe climate along the Yukon is dry and but very little snow falls there--from eighteen inches to perhaps two feet in depth. Extreme coli frcm seventy to eighty degrees below zero, enly prevails about two months in midwinter and this would be the greatest drawback to winter travel. Immense forests skirt the route nearly to the coast and al>out midway down the Yukon are probably the greatest (X al banks in the world. Branch lines would tap all the coast settlements and the ricb mineral sec­ tions of the interior. With such a fair country before them it will be wonder­ ful, indeed, in this enlightened and progressive age, if work has not com­ menced on such a line within a very short time.--Juneau {Alaska) Free 1'rew, ; powti of Language* "And so for) has got home froa'col- lege, Mr. Bigb e? I understand he is quite a linguist in "He is the boss linguist, remarked old Brgl>ee, but not proudly; "he lin­ gers down town till 2 o clock in the morning, anil he lingers in bed till noon, and he lingers at the table long after everybody else has gone away foundered, nnd thece's going to be a reform in this linguist business, or you'll bear of a case of felo-de-se in this family bv wearin' of a young man out with a hickory gad," and the old man looked resolute, then melted into thous?htfulnes3, and said that was the w- -- -- first Greek he had used in thirty years, the hunter for a moment entirely lost j since he clerked in a drug store, man He heard his I studied the old master* on the bottiM Total $80,768,827 Certificates held as cash........... 49,0Tl.8rie Net cash on band y. 104,578,900 Total cash in Treasury, as shown llj .UlB Treasurer's pen'l account. <686,4M,0M I«ABOR TROUBLES. Mae* A Record of One Thousand Stri the 1st or January, 1887. [Kew York dispatch.] The New York Sun publishes a record of 1,000 strikes which have occurred in this country since Jan. 1, 1887. The foV lowing is a summary: About 3 per cent, of all the strikes of 1887 were for peculiar causes difficult to classify. The others, or 9T per cent, may be grouped under three classes: Demand for fewer hours' work, or higher wages, 542 strikes, or 63 per cent.; trades union demands other than wages and hours, 225 strikes, or 26 per cent.; sympathetic strikes, 68, or 8 per cent. Out of the 881 strikes inaugurated in 1887, 247 were successful, and 115 more were compromised upon such basis as gave more or less advantage to the workmen over their previous con­ ditions. The successful and compromised strike together enlisted 128,234 employes, or about 38 per cent, of all the strikers. In 1886 about 20 per cent, of the strikers were om the winning side. The greatest number of strikers in a single 8tat£ were in Pennsylvania, where 111,317 were out at different times. New York comes next with 62,656. The numbers ef strikers en­ gaged in the trades most serTously affected by these troubles may be seen in the fol­ lowing table: Transportation 89,379 Coal and coke 70,450 Leather, shoes, etc 98,895 Tobacco and cigars 8,093 Textiles, clothing, etc 95,838 Iron and steel ?..ap,909 Patterns and machinery. lh,899 Building trades ....54, 60 The total loss in wages from these strikes is estimated in round numbers at $16,000,000. his presence of mind. shotgun go off and saw it in clutches of the big black brutes The accidental discharge of Saunder- son's gun wounded the bear aad en* the and jarst--Burdette. r A & ,, .. .... Aui* m *„V! * **4wxV .uiijfWta .itUbt«r.. f, ; A person who uses an air gun naver nakas a <*•<& •*<*• VENDETTA, Two Bojre to Michigan Clinch and Vail mm Tliiu Ice nnd Disappear. Information comes from Detroit of a doable drowning on Lake St. Clair. The victims were two boys about 12 years of age named Lemarra and Gravier. Their fathers' farms adjoin each other, and trouble over the boundary-line has led to numerous disputes. The two beys with several companions were going borne from school and walked on the ioe whioh still fringes t e lake front The boundary line question came up, the boys quarreled as they had often done before, and after j clinching they fell together and rolled upon a place where the ice was rotten ana it ' gave way. Both 6anlc and were not again i seen. Their companions ran to the shore j screaming for help, but nothing could be 1 done. COMPLICATIONS FOB CANAPA The United States Taking 8t'ps to Bring tit* Domiulwn to Ternut. [Ottawa (Oat.) special.] Further complications for the Govern- ment in relation to reciprocity seem to be matnring. There is good reason to believe lh.tt the United States is bringing pres­ sure to bear to induce or compel the Gov­ ernment of the Dominion to place on the free list certain articles made free by the United States, and thus carry out what the United States authorities understand to be the meaning of the "standing offer" of reciprocity on the part of Canada, of which so much has been aaid in the eos» [Boston Olebe.} ,• \ Fouh-toue-oli) Arthur Page last fall, impatient for a slide, gratnbled: "I guess God don't know Z own hill a to­ boggan or He'd send along soiho snow. A little girl wanted to know if God, had any mud in Heaven, so if she died and went there she could have a "good time" making mud pies. There is a little girl of 5 years living in the same house with me who calls me her beau. There are four other gentlemen living there, too, and one of them has a big, full beard. One day I asked her if she would rather kiss this man than me. She looked straight at me and said: "Why, how could I kiss nim? There isn't any room." Little Charley wanted all his teeth taken out, because he had Sad them so long. A nephew and niece who were spend­ ing the day at our house and were playing a game in the pool room, the baby boy sitting in a chair, keeping very still and quietly watching the game,' when he was asked, "What's the matter with you?" "Nothing," he re­ plied; "I'm quiet sometimes." Little Ned, having recently moved into the neighborhood, strayed away from home so far he was unable to find his way back. When his absence be­ came known it created a panic in the household, and every member started out to hunt for the little runaway After searohing for an hour or two he was found by an older brother, who said to him. "Ned, Neddie, you have made a great rumpus." At bedtime he commenced his little prayer: Now I lay me down to sleep, I pray the Lord my soul to keep, If I should die before I wake (and after hesitating a moment, eon' tinued)-- What a "wampus" that would make. Freddie Hendrick, 9 years old, con­ cluded to go into the poultry business and by taking the contents of his little savings bank and some assistance from his father's pocketbook, he was enabled to purchase four young hens (pullets) and a rooster. Every morning he went hunting for eggs, and was succssful in finding just four each day.. One morn­ ing he came into the house with a look of disappointment on his face and said: "I don't believe that rooster is a pullet rooster, for he hasn't laid a single egg yet" Lrnxr. Vic »Miller is tbe owner of a Dalmatian or eoach dog, which is his constant companion. Last summer he got into a habit of going into the sun to play, bare-headed. His mother told him he must wear his hat to prevent getting freckled. He innooently- asked, "Is that the reason spotty is so freckled 'cause he don't wear his hat?" Little Flo Sanborn, upon being censured by her mother for some small mischief she had been engaged in "thinking it over* for some tim finally said, in a complainin "Everything I do is laid to me. Care of the Nails. "I nan always detect a lady, in disguise, by a look at her finger-nails,1 said a person of superfine graces mind and person.' It was a sweeping statement, and like most such generalizations, should lie qualified. One might say, instead, that although all persons possessed of handsome nails are not necessarily ladies, yet no lady would allow her-nails to lack care. They need not receive artistic attention: but they must be oleau and carefully trimmed. , Persons who possess well filled jmrses can indulge in the luxury of a manicure's services and thus relieve themselves of all responsibility as to their digits, but, with the great army of the impecunious, personal care and attention are necessary. If one aims only at the simplest pos­ sible method of caring for the nails he will find that very few utensils are re* quired--a chamois covered polisher, a little file fdr paring, and powder for polishing, all of which can be bought of any apothecary. An almond shaped nail is very desir able, and to secure it, the skin which tends to grow over its base should be pushed down daily. This may be done with advantage every time the hands are bathed, for then the skin is soft and pliable. One may use for the purpose a finger of the other hand covered with a towel, or the blunted ivory end of the little instrument connected with the file. A manicure is able skillfully to cut away thiB superfluous border of skin, but an unprofessional person is likely to do it bunglingly, with the result of hang­ nails. The nails should be filed away at each side to insure their oval shape. Their length must depend upon the taste of the wearer, although the pian« ist finds his fashion prescribed by ne­ cessity, and is obliged literally to "cut his claws." In cleaning them it is best to use a brush or an ivory point, as scraping with a sharp knife tends to harden them. # Polishing is done by placing a small quantity of powder on a chamois pad and rubbing the nails back and forth. Of course, there are a hundred clever arts which may be employed in the in­ terests of one's finger ends, but the method given above is quite sufficient, if carefully and regularly followed, to keep them things of beauty.-- Youth's Companion. ii unions for elose vote. Zaehariah Short, aged 84» «gf was struck fay attain si that stantly killed. f' --Preston B. Knight «f Deputy United State* nal Revenue Assessor, ii||. --The Winnebago County £i»h as* Game Club has been organised for the pose of protecting fish and «••». --At a township uttfrig #AgsnlaMw-- decided to sue ex-County Til JhMHph Beam for $2,800 said to be das lbs town­ ship from him. --John Limbaltsta waa reeMM f̂ Sen* tenced by Judge Clifford at ChieS0»|» ISn years in the penitentiary for an aSsailll in Fiances Wonczvk. --Harry Y. Tipton, sen of ex-Con|M*as~ man Thomas F. Tipton, died *--»*% 0 his home in Normal from essisii|p0ak He was 30 years old. , --The stores on the west side of the pub­ lic square at Harrisburg were ftompletsily burned recently, entailing a loss e< with veiy small insurance*. --Governor Oelesby has ordered tion for June 4 in the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit to fill the vaoaMQ by tl̂ p death of Judge Eustace. --At Champaign, Mrs. Onia Andrews, a widow, was convicted of poisoning some cattle belonging to a neighbor, Wan--» Black, and fined $300 and costs. --E. C. McLaughlan, of Troy Grove* W years old, was found dead on the Illinois Central Bailroad track. The CauMMtft jury returned alcoholism as the eausa. --The Sheriff of McLean Cqpmty at Joliet Penitentiary the otter day wnjg; ten convicts, the grist turned f«t last term of the McLean Circuit Court. --Mary McGreavy, the 14-yesr eid charged with stealing $^000wsMier erty froi%different peisons en tftNft- side, has been put under 96,011 Justice BradwetL --Leander Btoas, a Chicago has passed away after a long iBMRk I860 to 1871 he was Times, and from 1871 to 188* #ji agar of the Nortkwtem ChrietUm Ad­ vocate. i--Free port is fires that have been 1m ously in the house 01 puzzled decisien are the been agency in He borrowed t to a the city between: to be at Fort WajQIftJ --A number of Uemen of Springfield ha4 ciety for the 1 of Abraham Lincoln. It is to be! the "Lincoln Memorial League." tive membership is limited to I or one for each State in the Uni members can be admitted only - death or resignation of a charter member, or the admission of a new State into the Union. --King George Schweinfuxth was sssn by a newspaper reporter recently, bal )m| would not allow any one but one of ifciti Beekmanite sect in the house. He emphatically that he was the means curing the attendance of tbe two ^.|§g Kentucky women there. They eaamtsiiite^ place, having experienced the 1 ing of Christ, of their said Mrs. Beekman waa th* wife of Jeeaa Christ, and she wae the moot pare aad hefo 1 ' «1 woman that ever lived on 1 --An extensive series of tests of the wa­ ters of the various rivers iu tbe State, un-jv dor the auspioes of tbe Slalb' Bssrd oC Health, has juat been luHgluataJ, wd will continue for six months. The teets* which will be en the scientific and biolog­ ical basis, will cover the waters of the Chi-1 cago, Calumet, .Illinois* Desptaines, Ysr* million, Kankakee, Bock, end Saagaassni Rivers. The objoct of the inveettgattesi If to determine the extent that theee are polluted by sewage, distillery slop, other refuse. a --A Joliet offleer recently insane convicts to the Jacbetrffle asfiqpai They were Thomas Henehel, seat upfMHsj Springfield in 1885 for fourteen ysaia fnrsj desperate attempt at murder, and Daniel C. Horton, sent from Peoria a year ago foe ten years on a charge of larceny. HencM) hae been insane for years, and had been a» inmate of the Jacksonville aeybun pre* vious to the attempted murder fog WMsb, he was sent to Joliet. * Horton had been, The Innocent Cruelty of ChlldrMK. The utter insensibility of children to tlie pain of coming bereavements, while actually sensible to all present pains and joys, is one of the phenomena which puzzles parents. The little. -- -- -- things, most affectionate and sympa* I confined in the insane aeylam ef thetic in all thinga else, are often ' ud Iowa previous to bis Peoria crime. curious rather than afraid in the sad ' house where death is expected. In such a house not long ago the father lay very sick. The physician had just gone, leaving not a ray of hope behind him. The wife and mother sat by tho window in the room with her dying husband, overcome with despair and desolation. Outside the children were hushed to silence by a warning of the coming of death. -Advices to the Department of Agi|pul- ture ftom Illinois indicate crop the coming season, says a?MUa*. ton telegram. The report say* of 1887 is fully twelve bushels helbw th* average. The quality of the crop is 5 per cent above the average. Fnims<a (Mesa anxious to get into the fields and impellent I to make up the losses of last jeer by put* M'-j- Suddenly there was a slight rustling and whispering about the door of the sick room, the mother ronsed herself from her overwhelming sorrow, just as the door opened enough to admit the blaek, curly hea 1 of a 4-year-old girl. Glanoing around hurriedly, her eyes shining with impatient curiosity, the eruel little innocent cried in a- shrill whisper: "Is he dead yet, mamma?" It was a heart-breaking touch of pure nat­ ure, over whioh the father lived to laugh many a time, else this story would be a sad instead of a funny one.--H ater- bury American. . ; 1 A company has been formed in Bar* lin to manufacture electrical watches. Two small cells and a emull electric motor take the place of the ordinary Trm+> i wassfc movement. --ArkanMaw 1 etor. ting forth extra exertions for the coming season. The department publishes the «*-' suit of an inquiry into the consumption of corn in yean of short crops, sueh es last year. It says last year's crop is the seventh of a series running from medium to lew yields, which were preceded by six su*-. cessive crops of from twenty-six to twenty- nine bushels per acre. The investigation shows that there is no fixed requirement ef corn for annual consumption. The reduc­ tion of product did not change very mueh the percentage ot the crop hi* farmers' hands on March 1. Shipments wet* lsai aad consumption less. The Inevease of! price mhtch alw*ye follows a product limits the use of earn en I and elsewhere, cheaper «mi*|ie#Mt4 ¥f A/ fii 3f A.4fe*, v £4 ̂ §*%" Sir * ' ...WSifc,