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THE ELECTION BILL. TFIFE AUTHOR OF THE MEASURE IN ITS DEFENSE. ^ where there aro serious frauds on elec­ tion, and every fraud so perpetrated nullifies my vote and nullifies yours, All than the Republican party asks, all that that bill demands, is that we should spread those elections open so that all _ may look upon them. jto Admits that t.vR.pnMic«n. Expect to , Thoy say that the Republicans expect c»in >©te» la the HOUM by Honest j gain seats ja Congress by this bill, and that is all they expect to gain by it. We . Voting--Woes Not Ailvocata Troops at the £>olls. I^peech of Henry Cabot Lodge at Portland, Me.] Mr. Chairman and ladies and gentle- Ben, the national election law, about •irhich so much has beea said (n the news­ papers. has been the best misrepresented IHW that I have ever known. I have yet JO see an argument against it. Tt is styled by a good many har4 names; It has been called by all sorts of names, & you are well aware; but a fair argu- ?. ment, meeting the argument on which i, i«e rest Our support of that law, I have jj. -not yet seen. I T h e R e p u b l i c a n p a r t y f o r t h e l a s t f i f - | toen years and more has pledged itself * <n its national conventions and in its t. State conventions that whenever it had | power it would pa.-* a law to protect the 5 ballot everywhere. The very first plank in the Republican platform in 1888 I am , going to read. It wa9 adoped as the , first resolution by a unanimous standing rote: • ^ , «We reaffirm our unswerving devotion Specially to the supreme and sovereign *. jrtght of every lawful citizen--rich or poor; native or foreign-born, black or white--to cast one free ballot in public elections, and to have that ballot duly counted. We hold free, honest, popular, »nd just and equal representation of all • ' people to be the foundation of our re­ publican government, and demand ef- fective legislation to secure the integrity and purity of elections, which are the foundation of our public authority. We charge that the present administration ' And Democratic majority in Congress owe their existence to the suppression of the ttollot by the criminal nullification of the Constitution and laws of the United , States." • That was the resolution of the Repub­ lican Convention in 1888. I for one, and t I believe the Republican party at large throughout the country, accepted that declaration of principle in good faith. When we said it we meant it, and when we found ourselves in control and in l v liower we felt, your Representatives in Congress, that it was our first duty to h carry out the pledge that we. had made IB our platform of 1888. |% Now what does the bill propose to do? *. It provides for this and •nothing else--to it- ' give publicity to every step in the elec- •* tion of a Congressman whenever the It people of that district anywhere in the |fc ' country petition for it. It touches no I libcal officers. It interferes with no local I*. System. The first cry that is raised against the bill is that it is a force bill--that it is | tiristling with bayonets in every line, as % <*ie very able editor .said. bxi * Now, Mr. Roger Q. Mills, who is as accurate as a statistician as he is calm • ^ |ii statement, and who formicated the Tamous tariff bill that bears his name-- I }lr. Mills has stated that there are 35,000 |( , polling-places in the United States. Let S* ^s accept his statement, he being an eu- js «my, as worthy of credence. We know fc. there are 25,000 United States troops. I Then, if you admit it is a "force bill," it Is easy to see you would have five- sevenths of a soldier at every polling- place in the United States, When I think of 65,030,000 people in this wide country groaning under tho disposition of five-sevenths of a soldier at •each polling-place, the picture it con­ jures up is positively appalftng. Mr. Chairman, the cry of force about that bill amounts to just as much as ; that. There is no proposition of force it. There are no bayonets in it. It | 4s the law of the United States, and it is •the duty of the President to enforce tho I \rSfew of the United States if it is opposed t i|r defied, whether It1 be tariff law, elec- <ion law, or any other kind of law. - We discussed that question once for £ four years in a very serious way, and we established then, I believe, the proposi­ tion that this is a national government; . ifchat this country is a nation, and that p <(he laws of the United States are to be I* Obeyed, and the same "force" lies behind E- t , $he election law that lies behind the tariff law, or the internal revenue law, li ;"® i$nd there is no other force to be con­ s';. "iidered. And let me say further there seems to be violent prejudice and outcry about bluecoats and bayonets. I don't think anybody need have any fear about blue- coat or bayonet; the only time that we •wero familiar with them in this country _jwas when thin lines of blue coat and | fcayonet stood between this Government *nd destruction, and there seems to have- been a lingering prejudice in the Dem­ ocratic mind ever since. But I for one, Mr. Chairman, would be the last to advocate troops at the polls or anything of the kind; it is utterly un- Ag^ican; it is utterly unnecessary. 'frAllUial we need is to pass such laws •• ' us we have prepared, and laws of the * United States are going to bo carried out Sn this country, and nobody need get in th<31 least restless about it or anticipate violence or anything of that kind. That is a settled question, and as for bayonets In this bill it is merely a cry raised to de­ ceive--nothing else in the world. There is ngthing of tho sort in the bill; ttliere is nothing in it that any honest ttnan need fear; it is simply a bill to look into elections, and is there anybody in this district afraid to have election^ lQOj;ed ijto? » ~ J The election of a member in South Carolina weighs exactly equal with the , ffl |i man whom you will elect. The Cortstftutfon guarantees to us equal rep­ resentation, but it takes six votes to elect •me where it takes one vote to elect a man in Geotttia- That is not fair and •equal represent.{ttion, ana it is not con­ fined to the South tNpne. They raise the cry that this Is section­ al. We always hear that cry if anybody thinks the South is going to be inter­ fered with. l This bill was originally drawn po meet frauds fn the State of New York. No- bod v called that sectional. It was only Intended then for tho large cities of New York, and that was not sectional; but the minute you have it applied ev­ erywhere, as every law of the United /States ought to be, there goes up the cry: "It is sectional." They say we want to put their ignor­ ance over them; we do not want to put ignorance on top of intelligence any­ where. The State of Massachusetts has got upon its constitution a clause mak­ ing ability to read and write a qualifica-* t.ion to vote. There is nothing in the Constitution of the United States to pre­ vent that being in any constitution where States fear they will be ruled by ignor­ ance. Why don't they put it in South­ ern c&nstitutions and settle the question? Because they do not draw the line on ignorance; they draw tho line on color, and that is what tho Constitution of the United Statxs says shall not be done. No people at the close of a great and bloody war can afford to write into its Constitution that no man shall be de­ prived of his vote on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude, and stand by and see that made a dead letter. If we do not mean to do our duty by those people we have no right to put that in the Constitution. You can settle a question like that in but one way, and that is tho right way. You cannot settle it by compromise or in any other way; you must give those peo­ ple their rights. There are evils In onr own section of th® country. There ana mrmxt citios 14,010,498 1 1,194.503 expect to gain seats by honest voting. If a party is not cheating it loses nothing by fair elections. I will admit that we shall gain by honest elections. 1 hrve been asked will the election law interfere with the Australian ballot? It certainly was not likely that any bill with which I had anything to do, how­ ever small a part I took, should interfere with that system, if I could avoid it. I am a thorough believer in it, and have witnessed its good effects in Massachu­ setts, where we have an excellent sys­ tem. I can say that the election bill does not interfere with it in tho least; on the contrary, it is arranged to fit in with the Australia^ ballot wherever that sys­ tem is in vogue. Mr. Lodge concluded with a defense of Mr. Reed's ruling in the House, and said: "Your Representative lias led in this great work; he has shown himself one of the greatest political leaders that have been developed in this country for many years. We open tho campaign here in this district to-night. No fitter place could be chosen. He (Mr. Reed) repre­ sents all that is aggressive, progressive, and statesmanlike, all that is best in tho Republican party, in American public life, among American public men." SOLTFFE: ELECTORAL PROBABILI­ TIES. The Democrats Will Have Hard Work t» Capture th- Presidency in '92. [Wasbington special.} • Some interesting electoral probabili­ ties, are drawn from Superintendent Porter's revised census figures. Taking the actual increase in population in twenty leading States--ten Republican and ten Democratic--on the vote of 1888 it is shown that the increase in tho ten Republican States was 0,313,000, while the Democratic, showing was 3,498,000. New York with its million increaso comes under the Republican .column, but the Empire State in making politi­ cal calculations must always be put in the doubtful column. The proportion of gain, however, in the majority of States is favorable to the Republicans, enough to make the chances of controlling the electoral college in 1892 a little better. But of sweeping advantage there is none. It can safely be assumed in making guesses that the present basis of representation will be increased, but not enough to leave the present member­ ship of the House stationary. Wero tho present basis, which is 154,000, re­ tained, there would be an Electoral College of 497 members. On the vote of 1888. with the new States added, the probable Republican States would have 297 electoral votes as against 200 Demo­ cratic ones. On this basis New York would not hold the balance of power in '92. There is every probability, how­ ever, that the rate of representation will be nearer 200,000 than 154,000. On tho former basis the Electoral College would increase only from 401 to 406, the losses in Now York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and the Southern States nearly balancing th« gain in the admission of tho new States. Under the new apportionment, still keeping in mind the electoral vote of 1888, the chances would be for 245 Republican electors as against 161 Demo­ cratic 161 Democratic ones This as­ sumes that all the new States will be Re­ publican, though the Democrats look upon Montana and Idaho as their prop­ erty. But the Republicans could lose those two new States and New York also without losing control of the Elec­ toral College. It looks as though tho Democrats must carry every fctate they did in 1888 in additiou to New York and Indiana, if they are to win in 1892. These conclusions are drawn by Mr. Leslie J. Perry, a census expert, who fortifies them by tables based on the cen­ sus returns, as herefore reported. 1880-1800. Senator Justin S Morrill of Vermont, in his speech on the McKinley bill in tho Senate, presented a table showing how the prices of many common household articles used by farmers have decreased in the last ten years. He said: "It is true that some agricultural products now bring a less price than was current for some years after the war of the re­ bellion, but this depression of prices is not peculiar to the United States. It per­ vades tho whole world, and is more seri­ ous in Great Britain, where free trade prevails, than anywhere else. Here, however, farmers have the satisfaction to find that the chief articles of consump­ tion which they have to buy have been reduced in price even more than any re­ duction upon farm products. A bushel of corn in New England will buy more cot­ ton cloth,or more crockery and glassware, more salt, and more calico, gingham and other dress goods for women than ever before. I will append a list of articles iu common use, whjch might be greatly enlarged, to show the decline in general prices ever since 1880." Prices. fiscal year 18X7 was made np from com­ modities coming in immediate competi­ tion with tae prqdvu^, .ofj. American farms, viz.: 'f-j? . Animals and meats Cotton. . Dairy products Fruits, other than tropical.......... Flax »ee.1 Grains, hay, hops, etc.. -, Bice Skim, otner than Inn.... Tobacoo v Wools Vegetable fiber* ................. Vegetables.. ....... Miscellaneous.,.. 1,950,922 8,794,272 3.851,6H5 9,254,9J-> 3,490.4. , 25,127.75) 10,868,2* I 17,874,515 20,468,475 3,637,801 6,151,650 FIGHT IN THE DOUSE. 8CENE OF EXCITEMENT IN REPRESENTATIVES' HALL. SMASHED TO PIECES BY SAL- \VATOR, THE KINCS. Total.....' ; .$125,C8i,l 18 This excludes sugar, spices, raw, silk, dyes, wines, and numerous other arti­ cles, of which many are grown in tho United States, and all desired for do­ mestic consumption could be grown hero as well as elsewhere if it were not for the necessarily high prices our farmers are compelled to pay for labor. In fact, under the heading of "commodities which might be termed products of agricult­ ure," the Treasury Department has clas­ sified over 47 per cent, of all importa­ tions of mcrehandi&q. And yet (Jobden Club attorneys liaye tho elFrontery to ro- iterato the fallacy that the farmer's in­ terests would be best promoted by freo foreign trade.--.-lmericmi Economist. Co»jre«<m»n Call Kach Other Alt 8erts of Vile Names, and Are with lHfflcaltjr Prrfsntoil froin Tuning the Hrinse Me a l*ri*e King. [Washington dispatch.] Wednesday was a day of sensations in the House. Two members. Representa­ tives Wilson, of Washington, and Beck- with, of New Jersey, came to blows after calling each other liars and other bad names. One of the oldest members of the House, Mr. Cannon, of Illinois, was called to account for tho nse of an al­ leged indecent expression in public de­ bate. and Mr. Cannon and his colleague, William E.'Mason, engaged in a col­ loquy. during which they called each other liars and tramps and loafers. The House was in a continual uproar throughout the afternoon. .No business was transacted during the day owing to the filibustering tactics of Mr. Mason and his assistants, who are fighting the Conger lard bill and endeavoring to pre­ vent a vote on the final passage of that measure. Two hours were spout in read- xhe Tariff and Wages. Ing the journal and approving it. There Roger Q. Mills, of Texas, in the House Wt"1ro or thrV° raHs of thf Housn in of Representatives: What then is it that ?rd/>r to soC»rc ]hc l»r^nTO of » Quorum, makes higher wages? It is coal and ! as >09tcr(^ay? a.quorum no sooner steam and machinery. It is these three on a , a ' an opponents of powerful agents that multiply the prod­ uct of labor and make it more valuable, and high rate of wages means low cost of product, A high rate of wages means that cheap labor lias got to sro; and the history of our country in the last fifty years demonstrates thfrt as clearly and as conclusively as any mathematical problem can bo demonstrated. Thomas B.- Reed, of Maine, in the House of Representatives: Oh.no; tariffs have nothing to do with wages. It is coal and steam and machinery. But what set up the machinery? What caused the cotton factory to bo built? Why, the tariff. So, then, the tariff built the mill, set up the machinery, tho machinery increased the wages, but t\ e tariff did not. Is not that very mu<t\ like saying your father was yourpri' genitrfr,. but your grandfather a§n't. How could you improve machinery you didn't have? How could, you increase the efficiency of machinery that didn't exist? Samuel J. Randall: To increase wages products must bo increased, for in tho end wages are but the laborers' share of products. While a dollar may buy moro in another country than here, a day's la­ bor, which is the crucial test, will ex­ change for more of the necessaries and comforts of life here than anywhere else. Under free trade this advantage which accrues to labor would disappear. It is impossible that it should be other­ wise for if a tariff does not in itself give higher wages to labor, it does preserve ^iy!n.dolct,iruo^'ve"co">-p^*,i^on* system in TeWeS^gT"'""AithM""t1ie 'laughter oi tho which labor can and does receive as its the measure disappeared from the hall and left its friends poVerless. Rising to a question, of personal privilege. Mr. McAdoo, of New Jersey, denounced Mr. Cannon's preamble, offered yesterday, mentioning a number of members by name, as an outrageous invasion of the rights of members. * _ * Then Uncle Joe Cannon rose to reply. It was easy to see that he was laboring under some excitement. Usually one of the coolest of debaters, no matter how bitter the controversy, Mr. Cannon seemed at a loss for a retort befitting the occasion. Having taken position in the qentral aisle, while all the members of the House gathered near. Mr. Cannon appeared to realize that no ordinary re­ ply would meet the emergency. Mr. Cannon's reply was not commonplace. It was so extraordinary^ that the House was at once thrown into w ild confusion. "1 make no claims to eminence," began Mr. Cannon; "I make no claims to great­ ness as a legislator, but my young friend from New Jersey," and a smile hung upon the lips of the Illinois leader in an­ ticipation of his coming triumph--"my young friend from New Jersey is a great legislatot In my experience with him in this House I have noticed one thing •bout him--lie abounds in wind, and when under pressure blows both ways." This was greeted with a storm of laughter on the Republican side. Staid old statesmen shook their sides and clapped each other on the shoulders in glee. On the Democratic side a h:Uf- dozen members were on their foot en­ deavoring to gain the recognition of the Chair. Among th( in was Mr. Enloe, of Articles. 1880. Mowing machines 5S5.0J Barb wire, per lb Fence staples, per lb Iron nails, per Keg Steel nails, per keg Horseshoes, per keg MatVQj>K and feai'i'Uj W- ; _ , „ , h . ax*. # a V U i f J l • • » • • • . « • • » « • . • » • • . . t&TV, per lb Wine low glnss.., Iron, ua l»fv,, Four time I istk.. Lantern Common clevis Milk pans, per dozen Wire cloth, per foot.'. 81oj> pail Tin cup Zinc, per lb Casts butts, with screws Chains, per lb File Door lftv;h Covered pail Wheelbarrow Pie plates, per doz«n Mortise lock Cistern pump Universal wringer •Reduced 25 per cent. --New York Prens. 10 .10 0.03 a so 1.40 •CM ' .10 .75 1.30 .20 2.25 .06 1.C0 .10 .15 .20 .22 .63 .25 .20 2.25 .70 .93 4.25 7.00 1890. SoO.OO .(« .05 2.23 2.8U 490 M .05 .CO .73 .10 1.00 .01 .65 .05 .10 .12V. .12 .25 .10 .10 1.65 .35 .35 2.25 3.09 Is-3* Tariff Facts for Fanners. Just now the farmer is singled out from the great body politic for the especial solicitude of the free trade at­ torneys. Ignoring tho fact that a policy which makes possible the creation of national wealth from otherwise worth­ less material must inure to the public advantage, even though but a portion of the population may be engaged in the process of transformation, the inde­ fatigable free trade advocate seeks to have the farmer believe that it is not he but the manufacturer alone who is ad­ vantaged by the protection of domestic industries. This is no nearer true than would be the contention that the sum­ mer rain can bring no benefit to the manufacturer or the professional man be­ cause they have no growing crops to be invigorated: which is to deny that what brings wealth and benefit to any single class of the community is a public ad­ vantage. But, as a matter of fact, the business of the farmer is by no means so inde­ pendent of foreign competition as his whilom free trade friends would have him believe. American agriculture is quite as much in need of protection as the majority of American manufacturing industries; and it is for this reason that the farmer's interests were kept so con­ stantly in view in the preparation of both the existing and the proposed tariff legislation. More than one-sixth of the <745,131,652 worth of imports during the reward better wages or a larger share of the fruits of its own toil than in any other system. No two industrial systems side by side, with labor in one receiving double tho wages of labor in the other, coald long exist under free trade between them. Too much stress cannot be laid upon such facts as these, because on them hinges the necessity of protecting Amer­ ican industries, in order to preserve the advantages to labor that have arisen un­ der them: and who would wish to see that system overthrown ar.d recon­ structed on the basis of other countries, with labor kept at the level of a bare ex­ istence, and with no hope of over better­ ing that condition. Congressman Kerr, of Iowa, in the House of Representafthrei: * Tho gentle­ man from Indiana (Mr. Bynum) gravely informs us that the rate of wages in factories is determined by the rate of wages in independent pursuits, but this is riot more true than the converse of the proposition that the rate of wages in independent pursuits is determined by the rate of wages in factories, and thai it therefore follows that any system thai tends to hold up or raise wages in any one branch of business or industry op­ erates as a benefit to the labor employed in all. The result has been that farm hands in all of the country have had their wages raised more than 50 per cent, and in my own State from 310 to $12 per month before the war to $18 and $20 since the war, as the result of the policy of protection. How to Found a City. Prof. Seward, a Western real estate dealer, has given in an interview an original plan of founding a city. He says: "I would select, in a country with a good climate, a level piece of ground, at least ten miles from any railroad. I would buy live sections of land and plat to suit my own ideas. The first, or central section, would be held for business exclusively, and the other four for residence, thus: The site selected and platted, the streets would be graded throughout, electric motor lines, water works, electric light plants, publi? buildiugs, and in fact every concomitant of a large city would be planned for, work ou all to be staged a*: one time on the day of the city's bit-TiiT '.tliese public improve­ ments woul^;r3t jibout $4^000.000 to slarc; or, rathe;-, that amouni "would be required to start the city, and $6,- 000,000 or $7,009,000 would finish it, including a branch line to the nearest railroad. "The lots, being made 50x150 feet, \rould make some o,840 lots to the section, 500 of which, on the principal streets, would sell for $5,000 each, or $2,500,000. Five hundred lots adjoin­ ing these streets, at $3,000 each, would make $1,500,000 ; 2,000 more adjoining the-e. at $1,000 each, would make $2,000,000; 840 lots would be donated for busiuess and public buildings. Two thousand residence lots would .sell for $1,000 each, or $2,000,000, and 0,000 more of them would sell at $500, or $3,000,000. leaving 3,520 lots for parks, etc., and making the grand to­ tal receipts from sales of lots $11,000,- 000, which ought to pay for all public improvements and start the to^n on a good, solid foundation." In the matter of raising this sum of money Prof. Seward would sell the lots to different people in various parts of the United States, so that, the citv would be well advertised. Only one or two lots would be sold to any one person, and none would be allowed to select lots, all lots being given out by the projectors in a just manner, ac­ cording to the price paid for them. Lots would be donated to various manufacturing concerns for the erec­ tion of buildings, none of the struct­ ures to cost less than a certain speci­ fied price. Mr. Seward thinks there are millions of men, who, if assured of the reliability o'f the projectors, would enter willingly into the scheme. A Good Way. The papers are discussing the Ques­ tion. "How to tell a good egg;" but it seems to us the easiest way is to break it open and smell it.---Bain s Hovn. THE Old Testament is said to have been collected and arranged by Ezra, between 468 aol 450 B. C. Republicans, and while Mr. Enloe was clamoring for recognition, Mr. Caruth, of Kentucky, shouted that the ladies in the galleries should be invited to retire. t)ther members made the same sugges­ tion. Mr. McAdoo's voice rose above the din, saying to Cannon: "If you can afford to let that go on the record as a specimen of your stable jockey wit I can afford to leave it there. I cannot indulge in blackguardism with you. You ought to argue with a stable jockey. That is your size." By this time some of the Republicans had perceived that Mr. Cannon's remark was not as funny as they had at first thought it, and several of tiiem suggest­ ed to Cannon that ho withdraw it. "Oh, if the gentleman is annoyed by what I have said," Canno^exclaimed, "I will withdraw the win($rjyiui> "Withdraw the pres...<«6/ too," sug­ gested a voice on the Republican side. "Yes, and I withdraw tho pressure," added Cannon. A semblance of order being restored, the Speaker recognized Mr. Enloe, who demanded that Mr. Cannon's words be taken down under the rules. Speaker Reed hesitated. He tried to convince Mr. Enloe that he had not made his point in time nnder the rulOs--other business had intervened. lint more trouble and more dlsgraco for the House of Representatives was in store. While the roll was being called on sustaining the decision of the Chair, Mr. Mason walked down the aisle and took a feat near Mr. Cannon. Mr. Mason had noticed his wife in the gal­ lery, and he was indignant that Mr. Can­ non had used such language in her presence and in the presence of other ladies. "Cannon," he oxclaimed, within the hearing of a number < f members, "that was not fit language to use in the House, with ladies sitting in the gallery. If members of your family instead of mine had been in the gallery, you would not have said what you did." "You are a liar," responded Cannon. "And you," Mason retorted, "are not only a liar, but a dirty tramp and loafer, or you would not have used such lan­ guage in public." Several members stepped between Ma­ son and Cannon, and this averted what might have been a serious personal alter­ cation. lint another quarrel was brew­ ing. , Within sound of the voices of Mason and Cannon s;it three members in a row. They were Wilson of Washing­ ton. Lelhbach of New Jersey, and Heck- wit h, also of New Jersey, and all Repub­ licans. Lehlbach tat between the two. Wilson and Lehlbach began a conversa­ tion about the merits of the controversy which they had just overheard between the statesmen from Illinois. Wilson re­ marked that in his judgment Cannon was all right* whereupon lieckwith said his name had been included in the black-list contained iu Cannon's preamble, and he thought it a dirty piece of business. '•Yon ought to be happy to get your name in the llecmd once in awhile,"' said Wilson. "This is the first time I have seen it printed for some weeks." "I have been here as much as you have," retorted Beckwith. "You are a liar," said Wilson. "And you are a lying !" exclaimed Heckwith. In a twinkling both Beckwith and Wilson were on their feet. The latter has a reputation as a fighter, and lie justified it by getting in the first blow. Keaching over Mr.'Lehlbach he planted a light one on the breast of his antag­ onist, and Beckwith endeavored to counter, but was prevented by the interposition of Lehlbach. A hundred members sprang to their feet, and the House was in an uproar. Gov. Gear, of Iowa, was sitting directly behind Beckwith w riting letters, and he seized the New Jersey member and held him, while Lehlbach did as much for Wilson. Then Mr. Williams, of Ohio, a large man with a smooth face, rushed up and caught Beckwith by the shoulder and yanked him nearly off his feet, follow­ ing up his advantage by endeavoring to thrust the belligerent into his seat. At this unexpected assault from behind Beckwith, not knowing but a new enemy had entered the ring, turned on Williams and would have hit him in the face but for the efforts of Gov. Gear to prevent him. Williams explained that his only desire was to avert trouble on the floor, and that he would have seized the other man if he could have reached him. At this juncture Assistant Sergeant- at-arms Kavanaugh rushed up with the big silver mace, known to the members of the House as the "goose.* , lie held this aloft fn front of Beckwith, Will­ iams, and WTilson, while Speaker Reed pounded with al! the force of his fat arm for order, and members in the dis­ tant parts of the hall, being eager to see what was going on, were calling out to those nearer by to sit down. As Kavan­ augh came up with the mace the florid face of old«,Mr. Williams turned white, and he exclaimed. "It isn't me! it isn't me!" and soon afterward Mr. Williams, who had played the part of peacemaker so successfully that he came near get­ ting the blow himself, and was thought by many of the spectators to be a par­ ticipant in the Congressional slugging match, walked up to the press gallery to explain to the correspondents that lie was the dog Tray of the occasion and not one of the brawlers. During the excitement Mr. Morrow, of California, and Mr. Perkins, of Kansas, were in the House barber shop. Hearing tho cry of "tight, tight!" they rushed out to the hall and stood upon a" sofa, the better to see what was going on. Mr. Morrow had a thick gob of lather on one side of his face, while ihe other was cleanly shaven. Mr. Perkins was lath­ ered from chin to eyes, and his form was completely enveloped in a long white towel. Some 0110 in the gallery shouted "The ghost, the ghost!" at which there was great merriment. I Kits of Forelirn Gomlp. THE Italian Government is suppress­ ing the Republican and Irredentist Clubs. A TREATY of commerce between Tur­ key and liermauy has been 'signed at Constantinople. A IUSI'ATCK from Buenos Ayres says tho situation is improving, and that con­ fidence in the Government is restored. THE Mombaza and Nyanza Railway will have a 244nclv gauge. It is expected the road will be built to Taveta within ten' months. EIFTEKX IRRXDREN acres of forest land have been burned over in the vicinity of Carlstadt, in Croatia. It is believed the fire was started by an incendiary. THE Paris Sieclc says the French mis­ sion tti Siain has been successful. Many factories have been established in the Upper Makong district, and tliey prom­ ise well. A ZANZIBAR dispatch to the Berlin Xa- tUmnl Zcituruj says the influx of poor Germans into that region is causing a rapid reduction of wages, and that only mechanics with some capital havo a chance of success. THE Speaker of the English House of Commons, in a speech at Leamington, said he had sent to Kingston. Jamaica, for a replica of tho parliamentary mace known as Cromwell's bauble, said to bo existent there. THE Russian Government is about to appoint a commission t > prepare a scheme is as honest a hors< to open trade routes to Central Asia by connecting the Amu-Daria River with the Caspian Sea. or by a railway from Orenberg to Tashkend. ADVICES have been received from Moores to the effect that tho Armenians continue to be subjected to terrible atrocities. Bands of Kurds make ra:'ds ALL RECORDS BROKEN I AFFAIRS I N ILLINOIS, ITEMS GATHERED FROM VAJtt* OUS SOURCES. \ * nightly on the Armenian frontier vil­ lages and set lire to the crops. Influen­ tial Armenians are arrested nearl? every day. THE Berlin correspondent of the Lon­ don Xew* says M. de Giers, the Russian Foreign Minister, in a conversation with Chancellor von Caprivi, emphasized Rus­ sia's desire for peace, and intimated that Russia would willingly lend aid in effect­ ing an amicable settlement of the Bal­ kan dispute. ' HoiTritoTuia Like many other insects, home flies are subject to the attacks of a parasitic fungus which destroys numbers of them, especially toward tho end of autumn. We sometimes see the corpses of such as have met this fate glued to the window panes in the attitude of life, with leg-twidely spread and wings raised as if in preparation for flight, but with a white halo 011 the glass all round them, and with bodies, pale, un­ healthy-looking, and distended. The spores of the fungus, which are exces­ sively minute and are present in the air, are carried against the fly's body, and such as strike its under surface may become adherent, when each spore sends out a long, tubular projec­ tion, which penetrates the skin and en­ ters the body. Once hero, its host's doom is certain, says Knowledge, for it meets with suitable nourishment in the shape of the fluids of the fly's body, by aid of which it will speedily propagate itself until its victim, drained of its life blood, finally succumbs. Tho thread­ like tube first produces a series of de­ tached, rounded bodies, something like the cells of the yeast plant. These cells, which have an indefinite power of self-multiplication, are carried by the blood to all parts of the body, and thus the disease spreads. They, in their turn, give rise to a number of branching tubular threads, similar to those of the earlier stage, which in process of time penetrate the skin. Each thread w hich thus makes its ap­ pearance outside gives rise to a sort of head, which contains spores like those with which the series started. These are cast off with considerable force, and multitudes of them no doubt per­ ish, while others are ultimately wafted against the bodies of other flies to deal destruction among them as among their predecessors. The particular species of fungus which makes havoc with the house flies is called Empusa musca1, and is one of a prroup which are distinguished by their habit of subsisting upon liv­ ing insects. The maturation qf the fungus involves the death of the fly. the fluids of whose body serve as food for the parasite. Under its attack the fly becomes gradually feebler, and finally quite unable to move, and then the viscid secretion from the pads 011 the feet hardens and glues the insect to the surface to which it is clinging, while the fungus spreads round it and leaves some of its spores adhering so as to form the halo above described. SOME Danish chemists have been try­ ing to prove that the flavor of butter whether that of turnips, or oily, fishv, bitter, or tallowy--is due to the presence of bacteria. Prof. Storch has found a lage number of a particular va- rietv of bactaria in oily butters, though he has been unable to 1 reduce oily but­ ters by introducing the bacteria into cream: while in other cases he obtained bacteria, not differing materially from the acid making bacteria, which in large quantities gave a tallowy flavor to the butter. Prof. Jensen reports similar results. Prof. Fjard found turnips flavored butter from cows not fed with turnips, aud supposes the flavor to re­ sult from the presence of a certain kind of bacteria. THERE is a young woman in an East­ ern town -who'has a magnificent dia- | mond necklace set with thirteen single I stones of rare value. She sweetly con- j fesses that each gem was once in an en- I ga'gement ring, as she had been en­ gaged thirteen times, and as she did not wish to return them for fear of ,-ounding the men's feeXngs, she had ide into a composite necklace \st association*. The Wonderful Harm C#M a Mile In 1:35 1-% at Monmouth Para, tlie Fanlent lima Ktror A.ad* in a Rata--A (irut Kvent. " [Now York dispatch.J The ten thousand persons w'ho went down to Monmouth Park expecting to see Salvator run a mile over the straight course faster than any other -thorough­ bred had ever covered the distance were not surprised, as the king of the turf, with the assistance of two pace-makers, covered the mile in 1:35)^. and eclipsed Ten Brack's performance against time by four and a quarter seconds. No such flight of'speed had ever been seen by those assembled, and the go^ieral opinion was that the lecord will remain un­ beaten for many years. The original intention was to have Salvator carry weight for age. or pounds, in his effort, but Trainer Byrnes advised his employer that the race should be governed by the same conditions as those of Ten Broeck's essay at the watch. This was 110 |*>unds. and. Mr. Withers being agreeable, Martin Bergen was se­ lected as the jockey to rjde. Trainers Charles Littlefield and J. W. Rogers, by common consent two of the most accurate timers in the United'States, wore invited into the stand to assist the regular tim­ ers. Col. Frank Hall of Maryland, I). 1). Withers, and Ja:mes Galvvay. Rosette and- Namauna were sent out as pace­ makers. I)own toward tlie start Salvator rushed wildly, gaining impetus at each bound, and when' he flashed past-the starting post he was running for a man'S life. Namouna was well under way and some ten lengths ahead, but Salvator wore down her lead as his white legs played in and out with that macliine-like regular­ ity that is so dear to tlie lover of a race­ horse. Namouna was making desperate efforts to hold her lead, tho boy kicking her ribs and urging her to her best en­ deavors. When tlie chestnut readied the half- mile po o Namouna was -fifteen lengths iu the rear. Trainer Byrnes was await­ ing him, and under his instruction Ro­ sette was in motion whrn Salvator came thundering along, his hoofs beating a rata plan on the earth, which they scented to touch so lightly. Mr. Byrnes' watch marked 47 seconds, but those in the stand registered 4~i% seconds, and lie shouted encouragingly to Bergen. When the three-quarter pole was -passed Bergen was riding with his hands, but his steel- shod heels had as yet not visited the glossy sides nor the heaving flanks felt the sling of the merciless-whip.- Salvator as ever lived, and he was doing all he knew how. "Bergen, with lowered head, rode as though a- kingdom depended 011 the is- su>\ and the gallant 'horse, answering every call, fairly flew, and darted past the wire ia 1:35V" eclipsing all records. Salvator 1s the best horse seen on American..tArf «in twenty years. All old-timers agree 011 that poiht. and it is only natural to suppose that his likewill not be seen again in a t!e«adc. Matt Byrnes was probably the most excited man at the track when lie saw tho time. Of course he knew the record had been brokoir. The time for the first half indicated that. He looked care­ fully after the details of tho king's dressing, and then said: "He would have gone two seconds faster had the track been in its best condition. The track to-day is a trifle dead, but it's a great performance, anyway." The betting opened with Salvator a favorite at 5 to 4 011 and - to 1 against time. Toward the close, though, it was 2 to 1 on Salvator beating the record, The fractional time of the race follows: Quarter, 23% \ half, 47)4; three-quarters, 1:11%; and mile, 1:3£%* DEMANDS OP THE FARMERS. Platform A«lopt« l by Tlioir Congress at Council HI nil's. |Council Bluffs, Iowa, dispatch.] At the National Farmers' Congress, the following platform was unanimously adopted; ( HemU'eil. That tlie I'arn<ers\0oi!2res.s de­ mands that, national taxation Hie limited to the wants of the Government, economically administered. Rexolved. Wo demand of Congress the pass­ age of such laws as will effectually prevent the buying and selling of agricultural and mechanical products with tlie solo view of settling the difference between the market value of such products at the time of pur­ chase and the time of contract delivery. lirmlv-d. That the General Governniei t be requested to Instruct our consuls and airents abroad to take such measures as ma> be necessary to present tlie merits of mai'.e in the various forms as an article of food to the people of the countries to which they are accredited; and itesotved. That our Representatives be re­ quested to provide such appropriations as may be necessary to carry such resolutions into effect. Remind, That this National Farmers*Con­ gress request Congress to pass a bill giving free transmission through the mails to re­ ports of State boards of agriculture and State boards of horticulture. Rftolved. That, believing in the doctrine of equal rights to all and special privileges to none, we demand that our national legis­ lation shall l>e so framed as not in the fu­ ture to foster and build up one industry at the expense of another, and we further de­ mand the removal of the heavy tariff tax from the necessaries of life that tlie poor of our land must have, and placing the same upon the luxuries of life that the wealthy can do without and not suffer. •\\ HEitEAS. Water route competition Is a most Important feature in the regulation and cheapening of transportation -charges upon our products for distant markets, and the least liable to the control of combines and pools; therefore, Jirxolmf. That we demand of Congress most liberal appropriations for the improve­ ment.. by all practicable means, of our inte­ rior water ways which shall make them. In­ stead of sources of disaster and destruction to large sections of .the .country, useful as great highways for the uninterrupted com­ merce and trade of our people. Itesolwl, That we favor the election of United States senate rs by vote of the people. Re*i,tv?d. That this Conaress demands the amendment of the patent law so that tho exclusive use of an invention be limited to ten years. Re*tlved. That at the Columbian Exposi­ tion. to be held at Chicago, In 1883, tho agricultural and horticultural Interests of the Cnited States should be most pron inently and grandly represented, and to that end it is recommended that the va­ rious State Legislatures make liberal ap­ propriations for the creditable exhibition of the agricultural and horticultural resources of the respective States. Renolvrd, That a committee of three be appointed to confer with the Secretary of Agriculture and to urge the matter upon the attention of Congress. The discussion of the national flower occupied a good deal of time. Atone time the goiden rod had it, but Congress- •man Weller went out and got a with­ ered. straggling sample of golden rod, that looked as if it had grown up through tlie paving-stones of the street, and exhibited it as a fair specimen, which caused some of tlie Eastern and Southern men, who were unacquainted with the beauty of the plant, to go over to the pansy, but the golden rod was finally adopted as the national flower. Stray Paragraphs. Knri'P guns cost JB170 per tou. TiiF.iiE are seven millionaire editors iu New York. NIXE water companies supply London with water. WHISKY was first made in Ireland by an English monk. OVER 10,000 Irish people settle in Eugland every year. Wbat 0» HMfkbon Jitm Detnc--itlattets of General and Loral .Interest Steav riagesnmt Death* Accident* and Crimk# • - l'er>oiiai Pointers. TIIE State Grange Encampment at Pawnee. Sangamon County, last week was largely attended. The address of welcome was delivered by Byron Barber* of Auburn. Alex. Keady. of Peoria County, responding in behalf of the State Grange. Addresses were also de­ livered by Judge C. ,1. Lindley, State President of the F. M. B. A.; H. |i. Moore. President of the National Assem­ bly F. M. B. A.: Major J. M. Thomp­ son. Worthy Master of the State Gsauge; Jonathan Periam: and others. Major Thompson's \yqrds Were in the nature of advice, information, explanation of law methods, schemes which interest tho farmers, and the workings of the Grange. Judge Lindley urged upon the farmers the great advantages to be derived from co-operation. He stated that the fed­ eration would present the following mat­ ters at the corning session of the Legis­ lature for yts consideration and ultimata action: 1. The reconstruction of the revenue code and the enactment of uniform taxation laws, all property to be assessed by a spe­ cific standard of fair cash value. " - 2. Taxes to be -collected in t .vo distinct payments, thus permitting the people an# not the banks or the State tp have the oae of the money until needed. a 3. All capital, 'forelga or domestic, that seeks Investment should pay its proportion of taxes. Those who loan money should pay tax on the money loaned as well as tlioso who havemoney invested in real estate. 4. .lustice demands a law prohibiting the foreclosure of a mortgage or the issuance of an execution unless accompanied by a writ­ ten certificate of the assessor that the sumo has been assessed for taxes. Means must be devised by which- per­ sonal property as well as realty bo assessed. <i. The time- for paying taxes should bo changed so as to make them fall due whet) the faVmer realizes on his crops. „ v Stringent anti-trust lawa will be manded. 8. Railroad passenger fares should be re­ duced to two cents a mile: 9. Tlie interest rat*' should be reduced, 10. Laws for purifying the ballot be enacted. JONATHAN* HaWTC.KOVES. of Hillsbor®, owns a large watermelon patch and h&s a chronic fear of the perennial melon thief. The other night he loaded a big duck gun with a heavy charge of shot and gave the weapon to his l^-year-old son with instructions to watch the patch till daybreak and shoot anyone he saw in it. The old man wondered if the bov was "dead game." and whether he would really shoot. So Jonathan dressed him­ self and sneaked into the melon patch. He was just on "he point of devonriug a luscious melon when the boy emptied both barrels into tlie old man's body. Jonathan is badly hurt and may die. UXLKSS au uue.xpected con teskis Miss Lillian Warren, of Springfield, will soon be in possession of an estimated fortune of £300,00:) left her by Inventor John II. Irwin, who died at Morton, Pa., July 28. Upon his death she presented his will made in her favor, with instruc­ tions to provide for a nephew and two nieces of his. Irwin had been married twice, and each wife had soon died without leaving children. He then be­ came enamored of Miss Warren, and their engagement resulted last fall, but his death prevented their wedding. He had made about 200 inventions, the most important being the one known as tft'i tubular hot-blast lantern, so fixed that the flame cannot be extinguished by cur­ rents of wind. WEEKLY bulletin of the H! weather crop bureau: The tempera was below the normal throughout State. The rainfall has been gene above the seasonable average and amount of sunshine has been slightly be­ low during the past week. Extracts from observers' report: , Clark t'ounty--Drought broken all over the county; corn and pastures much Im­ proved: ho; cholera disappearing; rainfall .i. I."> Indies. Champaign-- Slx-hundredths of an inch of rain, which helped pastures; more needed for plowing.- Douglas--Have had two good rains this week: pastures looking well, better than tliey have at this time for several-years. Fulton--liains of past week affected cropa favorably: more Is needed for fall plowing; rainfall 0.75 of an inch. lienry--We have had 2 inches of rain this week, but It came tx> late (or corn: it will help pastures. Hamilton--Corn matur'ng fast; pastures Improving: wheat-breaking will commence as soon as the rain Is over; raiufali, 2.41 Indus. Iroquois--Corn doing well; pastures im­ proving i apidly. Raiufali for the week. 1.24 Inches. « La Salle--The drought lias at last been broken, hut too lat» probably to b > of much, benefit to corn, tlnugh the rain will help pa>-tur< s materially. Rainfall. 1.47 inchts. McHenry-- Corn is now doing nicely on heavy soils. The rains of the pasi week have brightened up pastures some, buttheie is a scarcity of feed. The grjuud is now in fairly yo^d < nnditlon. Marshall--The 'oug drought is broken. Corn will lie al out a good half crap, and Is out of reach of frost. Pastures renewed by the rain. Raiufali. 1.27 inches. l'erry--The , rains of the past week thoroughly soaked the ground and put It in excellent condition for piowinf. Coru doing ntiel.v: late planting is splendid. Rainfall, Viin 'lies. Piatt--Light showers occurred tiurinof he week, which will only keep the pastures. Ground still dry and too hard to plow well. Corn will make three-fourths of a crop. Rainfall. 0.51 of an Inch. Randolph--Many farmers are well along with fall plowing. Wheat threshing well advanced; will average not more than eight or ten bushels per acre. Rainfall. 2.81 Inches. Sangamon--The rains of -the past week, have affected crops very favorably. Rain-- fall. 0.71 of an iuch. Scott--With the exception of a few light showers no rain has fallen in this county since July 14. The corn is looking well, considering the drought. Stark--Recent rains have benefited corn and pastures, and put ground la fine condi­ tion for plowing. This county will have more corn and better quality than last year; rainfall 2.06 Indies. Tazewell--Prospects continue to improve on late corn. Plowing under way. Thresh­ ing nearly completed. Raiitfali.-LW men MRS. .1. H. WII.SON. one of tho best known ladies in Rock island society, four friends were out driving the other day. The coachman lost control of tho team, and as they wen* noaring a rail­ road crossing Mrs. V\ ilson jumptd, striking on her lit^ 1. and sustained in­ juries from which she soou died. Mrs. Charles Jacobs. 'anoth'.>r of the party, was dangerously hurt. The other ladio* remained iu the carriage and escaped unhurt. „ . Thk Hoard of Truths or Bloommgton is contemplating boring for natural gasv and has secured the services of gas-well ' VAr liodses Park. Alexander Connty» Or it rooks, a <vlored politician, was killed hv Charles Curtis, also colored, in a quarrel about the latter s sister. Curtis is a school teacher and a quiet, nnobtru" sive 'fellow." Brooks, on the other hand, was a bully and kept a saloon at Unity, where he wai greatly feared. ^ J AMKS UOUKKS was killed at aftmntry * dance in Jersey County a few nights ago. The coroner's jurv held Alexander Shaw and John East guilty. East has been arrested, but Shaw made his escape. THE Democrats of Feor.a County bftTt nominated Miss Moilie O Hrien for Coun­ ty Superintendent of Schools. She la 1 daughter of the late Wm. W. O'Brien, the well-kuowu criminal law|w. % . v' ̂'Ji _ V ; •vili wm : ym