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mmm jt./a)- »j --WW* iOME WESTERN SENSE. JCANSAN'8 ABLE ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION. i Causes ol A(iicaltural D«^«««tM . j --The Remedy Not to I'e Found in the | World'i Markets but In the Improving f," { Home Market. 'y-\ Judge Jones, of Hutchinson, Ken., %Y %ho visited Boston early in May And was %,5. Interviewed by the Journal, shed a flood Of light on the causes of discontent 4»mong the farmers, and made a very Conclusive answer to the quackery of S , j Werry Simpson and Roger Q. Mills. The , '*>||arinaers of the whole country, said he, > vJhave suffered in recent years, but the farmers of other countries have suffered *- far mora The cause of this was aptly Expressed by Gen. Butler in his recent tddress. There has been an over prod ue ion in the leading farm products. The low prices consequent have brought dia- , • tress to oar farmers. But what Is the f, femedy? l'v~ . The great cure-all so earnestly 7 taught, "free trade with all the na- 5ions of the world," would certainly ail to bring relief. He continued as ollows: ' ' . T h e H d n . R o g e r Q . M i l l s s a y s I n t h e M a y , jforum: If no obstructions, either na nral artificial, should exist (between nations), ^ . prosperity would touch Its higtaqst passible s :; ; etc. The farmers of the great West «(» not believe this doctrine. They readily : Cite an array of facts that dispels such 4llusioii. Our farmers suffer from low J)ric3s. But they complain of prices as to )•• ' two classes of their products, that class ) , Sold at home in competition with imported products of like kind, and that class of "Which they produce a surplus which can te r* Isold in the world's market. I*' , 1 There is practically no demand !n the i-.' ' World's market for any farm product, ex- £'•. • ieept for wheat, corn, cotton and meat. : ' J The nation that supplies the world's de- »T* in and for these at the lowest price will *ake the market. '< The cauue, of the suffering among our far- '1 , gners to-d^y is low prices. Does any one fcelleve that he will listen to that which leads to lower prices still? A few facts will Ibelp us to understand matters better. In *~885 there were but 12,000,000 acreso^rheat n thl-? country. Then the policy of open- ng «p the great West was Inaugurated, "his policy gridlroned that vast region with Ttailroads and peopled It with sturdy plow- iV / fnen. Farms were obtained virtually wlth- <r\ 4>ut cost All this, coupled with the unsur­ passed fertility of the soil, found us with $8,000,000 acres of wheat in 1880, with a , _ iroduct of 40 ,000,000 bushels. Our home i • Remand is but little short of si* bushels per Capita, and with 50,000,000 people In 1880 y'~ "%e found a surplus of 199,000,000 bushels on • jband. We exported 180.000,000 bushels, or ,£44,000,000 in grain, the balance in flour. v, ^ffhe average export price was 81.13 per >« *•' tnishel for the year and $1.19 in 1881. Our Vheat acreage has remained virtually sta­ tionary since 18S0, and the annual product varied only with the seasons. Our ome dei&and has Increased as our popular "on has multiplied until it requires at least 60,000,004 bushels to supply the home de- aud In 1890. Yet the export price of %heat has steadily declined until it was Stiut 83 cents per bushel in 1889. In 1889 we Exported but 45,000,000 of wheat in grain. %hy Is this? : Not because the world's demand has fallen Ifeff. Tli* world's demand has averaged 8,000,000 bushels per annum for ten years, >he lowest, 180.000,000, in 1886, the highest, 31,000.000, in 1888, and varying as the >ps were good or bad in Europe. Then why the reduction in price of wheat, And why Qur reduced exports'; In 1880'Jtussla exported 36,000,000 bush­ els, which increased to 126,000,000 in 1888, fend 107,0(10,000 iu 1889. India from 13,000,- foo bushels in 1880 to 31,000,000 in 1889. Ar-entine from 5,000,000 in 1881 to 8,000,000 In 888. This explains the troubles to our wheat growers. We are being undersold. It is ojbeither ge.itiment nor politics with the J|>uyer. It is pure business. Russia has the Advantage in location, wages (agricultural ^laborers receive 24 cents per day), and ^freights. It cost 14 cents to transport a 'fcualiel of grain from Odessa to London in ;<iauuary, 1889, 13.S cents in January, 1890, ad 7 cents in January, 1891. On Jan. 10, 891, the best grade of wheat at Odessa was 8 cents, to which add freight, 7 cents, and bushel could, on Jan. 10, 1801, be laid own in London for 95 cents, a price less an prevailed in New York on that day. These steadily declining prices have aused great trouble to our farmers. The ear 1890 found them ready to supply the orid's wheat demand, wheu suddenly hey found Russia, India, and Argentine ming competitors. And the worst of it these countries have all passed us in the Jfate of cheapness. In the struggle to sell heap wheat, the fertile fields of the West ave couuted out the New England farmer, he great West can produce wheat at one- alf what it costs to produce it here. But ven our farmers have reached a point be- w which they cannot ga Is it any wonder they are looking for a Way out, then? The above figures prove to him that the world's market mean* still lower prices. Is It any wonder that he turns from It, almost With fear and trembling? Our tariff laws e uot shut him out, for the Russian tar­ iff is higher than that of any nation. But, says the free trader, the farmer must •exchange" for the manufactured products Of other lands. This will enable him to obtain his manufactures cheaper than he e*u* get tbeiu at home. The farmer sees in •> ^ this only an inducement for him to send his , $ulky products at great expenso of freights •o the markets where he can only sell or ex- / .Change after running the gauntlet of for- . eign competition. Thus every dollar's frorth of goods so obtained is at the ex­ pense of home labor. It is useless to attempt to lead the Amer­ ican farmer into this trap unless it can be Clearly shown that the world wants his products at higher prices. A home market will do this. The value Of such a market is clearly shown to our • farmers by the present prices, caused by the short wheat and corn crops of last year. $his has been a great educator. The Mc- ' Kinley bill points the only way out to the farmer. This bill will not multiply food pro­ ducers, but it will multiply food consumers. ..ft will bring these consumers nearer to the farm. This is the faimor's hope. It will Relieve him from the burdens of freight <4harges, which consume his substance. And it will not lequire 38,000,000 of con­ sumers to do this, as figured by Mr. Mills in the FV>rum article referred to. The employ­ ment of 3,000,000 new laborers alone would take the surplus farm products, except cot­ ton. Bo many laborers means an increased * ^population of at least 10,000,000. This * ' Would speedily settle the farmer question, j, #ud it would relieve our laborers. To-day we are importing of the products of low­ s' priced foreign labor at least 8500,000,000 • , Wlilfh could be produced at home. If these (|aborers were on our own shores it would be tiossible for American influences to control heir wages, but as it is, they are beyond •Our reach, and our toilers suffer. The farmer is a protectionist. He always will t>e. His prospects are brighter to-day than ^they have been since 1880. In a short time there will be no surplus farm products ex­ cept cotton. His prices will then be satis­ factory. A home market is one of the cer- "ainties of the near future. The American arm is to-day one of the safe holdings, nd the safest will always lie between the "lsslssippi River and the Rocky Mountains, use there crops can be grown at lowest •Cost Reciprocity Not FTM Trade. Now that reciprocity Is working so ad­ mirably It has become quite the fashion |or Democratic papers to claim that it is v. free trade of some kind. There is noth- j|ng surprising in these claips. Demo- '#rats are In the habit of claiming the honor of every Republican measure as #oon as It succeeds. But reciprocity is »ot free trade. Under free trade it Vould be Impossible to have reciprocity, for what commercial concessions could line free trade country make to another9 f?hls is evidently the English view, for he St. James Gazette says: ^ « "We are endeavoring to fight the com- ; yoercial battle of the world on free trade /lines, and wish to fight It out on these 'tines to the bitter end. But it Is the iaost unwise and ridiculous policy to . f hut our eyes to the fact that this Blaine 1 treaty is a blow to the success of our free trade system." • • Viewed ia England, reciprocity seem* If to be eomethlnar iiot only entirely differ* ent from free trade, but very Inimical to the political economy of the Cobden Club. Or as the St. Jctro * Gazette puts It: "This Blaine treaty is a blow to the »uccess of our freos trade system." Reci­ procity js not free trade. It is some­ thing infinitely more American, and better suited to the policy of this coun­ try. It is the American policy, or, as thp English call it, Blaine's policy. But It all amounts to this: It is so popular here that even the free trade Democrats now want to appropriate It as one of the achievements of their party. --De» Moines Register. Iowa Is Beady. The convention that was held at Cedar Rapids was one of the most important in the history of the great State of Iowa. The nominees are men well and favor­ ably known in the State. .The can­ didates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor are botn farmers, and the rest 'of the ticket is composed of able and •trong men. The main Interest of the convention to Eastern people lies in the platform It adopted. A large part of this platform deals with local issues. As every one knows, Iowa is a prohibition State, and the Republican party has always upheld the prohibitory law there. The Demo crats have tried in every way possible to break down the law, but their efforts thus far have been unavailing. In a commonwealth so largely rural as Iowa a prohibitory law Is possible of en­ forcement, and an overwhelming ma­ jority of the people of the State are for the law. Aside from local issues, however, the platform contains a number of planks devoted'to national affairs. It indorses heartily the administration of President Harrison. It commends the American tariff. It indorses the Republican policy ef pensions. It approves the oolaaee act passed by the Fifty-first Congress, "by which the great product of the silver mines of the United States is added to the currency of the people." It asserts unreservedly the purpose of the Repub­ lican party to stand for free and fair elections. s On such a platform as this the Repub­ licans of Iowa have everything to gain from the discussion that will ensue in the long campaign that is opened. In the four months between this time and elec­ tion day there is time for the full en­ lightenment of the people on all the issues involved. In such an educational process the Republicans will gain many votes and lose . none.--Vlg'" .a jCC" '.""J-H" , Tariff Pictures. ' NO. 1. Is the tariff a tax when print eloths of the (8x00 classification ar« dutiable at three cents a yard, •HOBmniHW while yon can buy them for two and a half cents a ytofdf - NO. a. When the Government was baying Indian supplies this year it bought some all-wool blankets which ten years ago cost 85.58 a pair. What do yon tinppose they cost per pairthti yvarf S3.31. x NO. 3. During the first four months of 1890 Great Britain exported to the United States worsted fabrics amounting to 20,237,800 yards. During the first four months of 1891, owing to McKlnley protection. Great Britain's exports of worsteds to America were only : 9,100,000 yard*. NO. 4 Increased McKlnley bill protection on cotton knit goods reduoed our imports of those goods for the month of April from • 786.148 in 189 J to 8387,468 in 1891, whioh means that American labor is employed making the other 8338.686. --New York Fteta. American and Xnropean Wageffe r When the free-trader appeals W fife workingman he tells him that he Is terri­ bly taxed and that the excess in wages here over those abroad is consumed iu the extra cost of living. Here and there a workingman who has never J&fed abroad, or who has not got on well in this country, may believe this, but below is what was said about it by Reynold*' Newspaper, a workingmen's organ in England: "The contrast in the payment of artis­ ans and laborers generally between that of the United states and European coun­ tries is very marked. Printers in New York aro paid 54s. per week, painters 54s., plumbers«fi62s., tailors 58s., shoe­ makers 62s, carpenters 44s., masons 56s., smiths 50s., tinsmiths5Cs., and bak­ ers 42s. It way be said that, consider­ ing the cost of food, these wages are not so out of proportion, but this is a delu­ sion. The workingman in the great Re­ public can live comfortably on the same wage as the workingman in this coun­ try. "The wage paid (in the United States) to the workingman is nearly double, on an average, that paid to him in this country.* Now They See. The Republican party went before the country last fall oil the McKlnley bill. It was overwhelmed by the most au­ dacious and malignant misrepresenta­ tions from which an American political party ever suffered. Two Republican State conventions have been held since that defeat The Republicans of Ohio unanimously nominated for Governor the father of the measure which caused the disaster to the party. The other btate convention -- Iowa--declares its uncompromising allegiance to the great principles of protection in general, and the McKlnley bill in particular. Theso indorsements have an unmistakable sig­ nificance. Interpreted, they mean that the Republican party has not receded ope step from its historical position on the tariff question; that the party will stand or fall by the McKinley measure; that the party has lost none of its ag­ gressiveness by temporary reverses, and that it will go before the people of this country next year and ask for their ver­ dict on the fruits of that bill which has been under such a ceaseless fire of partisan misrepresentation. We have no fear of the verdict. The people's eyes have been opened since Novem­ ber, 1890. Farm Wages Here' and in England. In New England farmers have been offering $25 a month, with board and lodging, for farm hands, and have been obliged to draw upon the newly arrived immigrants for the requisite help to put in their crops. In Old England, on the other hand, the wages for farm labor for this year, as shown by actual "Wr­ ings, " are given by a London paper , as folio ws: Farm foremen... Piowboya Women servants Tonng girls These wretched <,p<"",r°° "*•£,<* <" ̂ LIFE AT CAMP LINCOLN. "Yon must reduce the price of tin plate NUD to •:30.35 per annum 63.23 to 92.50 par annum IMS to 97.33 pet annum 29.20 to 88.90 per annum formed wages part of Cobden's "cheap-loaf" scheme. So American Cobdenites wonld sacrifice the wages of labor on the altar of cheap** nes*--New York Press. ^ . Choking Down imiksl KatastSfV Thife advice of the Liverpool Dally Pio«t to the Walsh tin plate manufactur- at once. Every reduction made by you Increases the chances of choking down the new American mills for a year or two, when the McKinley law may be re­ pealed." Unfortunately for the We'shmen they combined to put uppri-es here, and have made their former monopoly of this market so odious that the American peo­ ple are willing to undergo any hardship to rid themselves of it. The only way to keep at home the $25,000,000 to >30,000,- 000 we have been paying thfcm annually for tin plate is to make It in the United States, and that is what we are doing now. American industry cannot be -choked down.- 7^;, 1 " dJ Poll (teal TIIK Democratic press does not seem to be making much headway in its at­ tacks on tha Government credit.--In­ dianapolis Journal. DEMOCRATIC editors are again disput­ ing the statements of their advertisers regarding the price of household arti­ cles.--Cincinnati Commercial- THE Republican army must maintain its discipline, its loyalty and its equip­ ment !?o doing, nothing can stand in the way of its winning a grand national vii tory. --llocht xter Democrat. N<> OTHER country in the world could •pare $50,000,000 of gold, as has the United States during the past two months, without being frightened into a panic.--Indiun ipoliit Journal. OF many free-traders it mar be said that they abhor American tin plate with a farvor Inconsistent with the belief that ths object of their hatred does not exist. --Milwaukee Sentinel. IT is safe to predict that the "McKln­ ley prices" liar, who ran the A)emocratio campain in the last election, will be in innocuous desuetude during tRecampaign of 1892.--lio8Um Journal. THE time is not far distant when the best-dressed'Americans will be as proud to wear American-made clothes as En­ glishmen are to wear English cloth.--> Buffalo Express. NOVEMBER will not be a (rood time for free-trade speeches There is too much humming machinery, and a consequent large population of consumers, for that--Cincinnati Commercial-Gazette. GOOD crop9, steadily employed labor, good prices for surplus products and a complete Republican victory are the present promises of the jubilee year.-- Iowa State Register. ASK any dealer fn woolen goods wheth­ er the McKlnley bill has raised the price of the most commonly used kinds of clothing, ami If he is honest he will tell yon that in nearly every line he is sell­ ing more cheaply than six months ago.-- San FrancUm i hrrmlclr. IS his forthcoming bo^k on the tariff Mr. Mills should not fail to state that his celebrated bill left the sugar duty practically untouched, while the McKln­ ley bill so reduced it as to save the people $50,000,000 a year.--St. Louis Globe- Democrat. MEXICO bought $6,337,000 worth of goods from England in 1890, and $22,- 66$),000 wor&h from the United States. Here is a knockdown blow for the Bour­ bon newspapers that have been declar­ ing that a protection tariff "stifles* foreign trade.--Boston Journal. THE remark of Mr. Cleveland about the "rebellious bands" which assailed the Government was an unnecessary refer­ ence to a large number of Democrats, many of whom are displeased. Mr. Cleveland should stick to ponderous platitude.--Indianapolis Journal. ANNUAL BNCAMPMGNT OPTHB STATE MILITIA. Ufe • Shadows. In tile endless and ceaseless ronud' of change in the combinations of the elements of matter, the physical form of man is as nothing. Byron defines life as Ma confused noise between two silences--birth and death." We are shadows pursuing shadows, our spirit­ ual natures being the only unchanging and continuous entities. As Emerson puts it: "You are you and I am I," and we are conscious of being nothing else. If we accept the theory that the heavenly bodies grow by aocretions of cosmic dust which is floating every­ where in ethereal space, a portion of the dust of ttolomon or imperial Caesar may now be on the surface of Jupiter or in the sun and other portions on still remoter orbs, earth iu its rapid flight of sixty-eight thousand miles an hour having parted with some of these royal ashes. Thoughts and ideas are the only realities, the only permanent and unchanging phenomena. Men and nations with all their buzzing and humming activity are as fleeting as the ripples on a summer sea. The little­ ness and powerlessness of man are ever present thoughts to the philoso­ pher. The brightest is only a ray of sunshine soon to disappear in the 00m- ing gloom of night. You are only a phantom of nothingness and yonr trivial life is quickly ended in dream­ less and forgotten sleep. Earthly life is now and evermore will be the same brief but unequal struggle with ob­ livion. * •teep liailwa? Grades, In the mountain gorges of the West grades of 400 and 500 feet to the mile are met. The greatest inclin ation on any European railroad worked by ordinary locomotives is on the two miles between Enghien and Mont­ morency, near Paris, being 45 feet in 1,000, or an angle of 2 degrees 5 minutes. Grades of 35 feet to the 1,000, or 2 degrees, are found on several roads. The grade of the Sim- plon road, the highw ay road over the Alps with the least slope, in only 3 de­ grees to the 1,000, the maximum slope that can be traveled on a highway be­ ing 132, or 7^ degrees. The grades on cable or cog wheel railways are, of course, considerably greater; that of the road up the Swiss liigi from Vita- man is in the steepest part 250 to 1,000, while the maximum on the Mount Washington Bailroad .is estimated at 330 and 375, this latter being the steepest railway with a central toothed rail, and the steepest of any kind in the worW, except the cable road up the cone of Mount Vesuvius, which has the extraordinary inclination of 630 to 1,000. In time the tops of nearly all mountains within the beaten routes of travel will have rail­ way tracks to their tops, as in several cases in the Alps and in Pike's Peak. Is Three Groat States. In 1880 Illinois mined 12,104,272 tons of coal against 5,988,895 in the, year 1880. Ohio, in 1890, produced 9,976,787 tons, and Indiana 2,848,057 tons. The area in^ which coal can be mined here is very large, being 37,000 square miles in Illinois, 10,000 square miles in Ohio, and 7,000 miles in In­ diana. The coal mined in the States above named in 1890 was 25,000,000 tons, and it Was worth alittle less than a dollar a ton at the mines. Splendid Fkewlat Vide bjr the Keglmenta of nftto!i Soldiers -- Some Featnre* ef Camp UM Deaeribod fey Oar Special War Conreapoftdent. i SPECIAL COHRtTOKDISCI. BpRitroFiRi.n.--With a general determina­ tion on The part of officers and men to de­ vote themselves strictly to doty, the I. N. G. went into camp for their annual taste of real soldier life. THE MORNIKO Guw.--Ban?! Clear and sharp was the morning greeting of the 10- pound Parrott, as Itspofce the first word of the day. A few minutes later the sweet strains of tbe reveille music from the regi­ mental bands was heard, and as the boys "rolled out of their blankets they forgave the {trim-v In used brigade cannoncer for so rudely Interrupting their morning dreams. Sunrise, viewing the camp from the guard-house, was a study In g*-ay and white. The atmosphere of the beautiful picture was a misty gray, yet with singu­ lar ki»idness it trade the field of tents a snowy white that could not have been made clearer by a dark contrast. The fyjgcjr gray of the sky, harmonized by a WM n tucoirostm. .1 BRIG AOS HKAIXJUARTBRS. misty softness and the white tents, needed only the slowly trampinff guards to make a scene to be remembered. Like sentinels over all, the black guns overlooking the field held your eye for a moment, for they were grand and noble on account of the years of service they had ciren their country and the many loud shouts for patriotism they had howled from their Iron throats. A CAMP BATH.--Good-morning! Have you used Pears' soap? No, thanks, I bathed in the brook and scrubbed off with a handful of sand. Sometimes, you see. land" comes thrilling over you as tbe words of the sitent gnu that stands obliquely sky­ ward from his shoulder. With military pre­ cision he paees baek as he came, and grand and noble Is this slowly marching man. simply because be is a soldier doing his duty. He does It perhaps because there will be fun In camp, good times at the armory at home and at picnics, but now he Is doinc for duty sake, just the same as he would do if he were facing the black guns and warlike front of a real Instead of an Imaginary enemy. ^ PATCHING MILITARY TROCSKRS.--Patch­ ing pants is one of the domestic details ot playing soldier, as well as real war. It does not make a heroic picture. At least the interior of one of the tents of the Na­ tional Guards did not impress me as being heroic, when I saw the rear portion of a private's trousers being patched by a cor­ poral. The private was too lazy to take ofl the trousers, and was In a post! ion over a trunk, much as a young man would take at a bonrdlng-school. just as he was about to be spanked. Sometimes he would yell as though an abortive attempt was being made to electrocule hitn. The sower didn't seem to mind, as he remarked coolly: «Oh. never mind, Charlie, that slipped." An admir­ ing crowd was watching the operations and finally Charlie's pants were patched to perfection. RCSNINQ THB GUARD.--It Is part ot the amusement of the camp to bother the sen­ tries late at night. I saw a very ingenious scheme for running the guard. A half a dozen boys advanced unseen, and when the sentry got to the farther end of his beat one of them ran up with a four-foot club in hla hand. He took position on the lino, brought the club to his shoulder as he would a gun, and began marching as though doing guard duty. The sentry saw him, and when tha other fellows ran up to the confederate and were challenged he thought it all regular. They advanced to the man with the club, whispered something, and skipped to the tents as though they bad given the coun- QEXSBAL vnew or THE CAVF. RIGHT is imperative. Duty makes no apoloey, but commands obedience^ One cannot parley with obligation, but must obey It, for Its only word is must--Ths Independent, the water-works does not start as early as the morning brigade buss, and water is pretty scarce! THB INSPECTOR GOING THE ROUNDS.-- uIlalt! Who comes there?" "Friend, with the countersign." "Advance, friend, and give countersign." This is a captain accompanied by the In­ spector General on the grand rounds. He Is to 1*3 seen everywhere, and is making note of all things that are not exactly ac­ cording to Uncle Sam's ideas. He is not wholly given to criticism, as his duty is Co call attention to what Is regulation and what is not. The War Department takes a lively interest In the condition of the State troops and demands of the inspectors de­ tailed to their annual encampmente a lengthy statement as to the conditions of the troops. He must know how many soldiers are en- listod, and something of their physical con­ dition and character. He wants to know how well the officers understand their busi­ ness; how much the boys are paid while In camp. What Inducements are held out to them to come: where they get their uni­ forms, guns, and other equipments, and what they cost; how many new men and old men comprise each regiment, are some of the tbiugs the Inspector must tell the War I>epartmentw And then he must answer many questions which appeal to his judg­ ment, such as to how good soldiers they are, as he would estimate from their work on the drill ground; deportment in camp; thoroughness at guard duty, and from their general appearance. MAKING AN ORDERLY.--Would you ask how they secure this Parisian delicacy of tersign. The sentry dtd not discover that he had been "bamboozled" by some mis­ chievous fellows until they let out a bowl of derision. THK GRAND REVIEW The scene on the parade ground during dress parade each PREPARING FOB INSPECTION. finish for the youpg man that does duty tor the Colonel? Then let a little bird whisper it to you. Whisper, little bird, to the pret­ ty wife or fond sweetheart of this handsome young orderly and their friends! Whisper how he is polished and groomed and brush­ ed before being officially born at guard mount. Usually six men are around him. Two are at his feet chasing away each speck on bis shoes with vigorous rubs, an­ other is applying a whisk broom most industriously and taking the most minute dust particles from the blue, another Is giving a solid dead polish to his leather belt, and the last man Is looking after the brass buttons. Not In a minute do they do this brushing, but by the half hour do they toil over their pet, who Is to be displayed in front of the Colonel's tent. If he possesses a mustache it must be curled, exquisitely und coquettishly, and the face must be powdered and a little pink put on the cheeks. THE TROOPS IN A RAIN STORM. --It is raining. Now we are proud of our State troops. The water descends in torrents, but those slowly moving sentinels neither quicken nor slacken their soldiery tread. It surely cannot be fun to be heedless of that HESS TENT. day Is always inspiring, but the grand re­ view before the Governor and his staff on Governo-'s day made a picture that was truly a brilliant one and well calculated to Impress the beholders with the power that lies behind the civil authorities. There were perhaps 2,000 well-armod, well-drilled and well-oflflcered men in line accustomed to obeying every order given them, and they may safely be relied upon to protect the persons and the property of citizens in any emergency likely to arise. A PRIVATE. [Written while in the guard houses] postage THE HOSPITAL CORPS. JSS^' A ~ ;* 1". . L; -'iLti " . 'V drenching rain. No great hardship, of coarse, but so uapleasant that only a sense of duty can keep him there. How like a real army is that glorious blue overcoat! The cape is thrown over his head and the 9emi-barbarous inhabitants," and to con- aklrta tall to the knees. "Armed for native | tinuo the work of th? great Schliemftno. Vaets and Fancy. "Miss MCGIJTTY" has met a deserved death. TIIEIUE are 13,000 kinds of stamps. A MAnooAwr tree lately cot down in Honduras made three logs' which sold in Europe for SI1,000. IT is figured out that each inhabitant of this country consumes forty-three pounds of sugar per annum. Ix 1861 there were 8,636 pensioners who received $1,073,461; now there are 489,735 pensioners who receive $89,131,- £68 annually. Ax eminent German has been count­ ing the number of hairs In human heads of different colors. In a blonde one he found 140,400, in a brown 101),440, in a black 102,962, and in a red one 88,- 740. He does not state how many he found on bald heads. THK largest apple tree in Ohio lain Washington County, and was planted ut 1791 or 1792. The trunk, where it is smallest, girths twelve feet two inches, and tho largest branch girths seven foet' It is a seedling, which bears a large yel­ low apple of excellent quality for cook* ing. SOME writer has said that the aver­ age number of hairs on tho human scalp varies from 90,000 to 120,000. A single hair can support a weight of two ounces, and it is so elastic that it may be stretched to one-third of its entire length, and then regain its former size and condition. THE property possessed by India rub­ ber of erasing pencil marks was discov­ ered by Mr. Magellan, a descendant of the famous navigator whose name is perpetuated in the strait discovered by him at the southern extremity of South America. Previous to this bread crumbs had beon used as a pencil-mark eraser. IT was first supposed that Seth Low bad the shortest name of any one in the United States. Then Asa Low went him one letter less. Now Eli Ho of New Brunswick. N. J., thrns up with only five letters in his name. New York has a Chinaman named Ah Wo, bnt the exclusion act probably shuts him out of this American contest. To THE great regret of tho friends of the late ^r. Schiiemann, many of the Interesting relics dug up by the great ex­ plorer in Troy have been sto'en and de­ spoiled by the miserable inhabitants of Asia Minor. Turks and Arabians in the neighborhood of the excavations use the valuable stones to build their huts. After 8chNiemann's death a man was employed to guard the ruins. Ills salary was discontinued recently, however, and the watchman. ceased to guard the ex- cavatious. The S amJ,oui, of Constanti­ nople, eal.s upon all scientific societies of Europe and America "to put an end to tbe i ono !asm and vandalism of the POPULAR SClENCg. IT has been found that a small dose of strong alcohol abortens the time that food remains in the stomach by more than half an hoar. THB British Association of Scientists states that except for a few feet on the surface the ground on which Yakutsk, Siberia, stands is perpetually frozen to a depth of over 600 feet. THE cooling of milk immediately af­ ter it is drawn from the cow is of the greatest assistance in delaying ferment­ ation, and it is thought to be UM most practical method whioh ean BOW be recommended. M. MASCABT, one of the most eminent French electricians of the time, says that the use of the magnetic needle in tracing the underground geology, or, in other words, the past geography of a country, is one of thoue triumphs of science whioh are almost tantamount to divination, . PROF. TOLOMEI, an Italian chemist, concludes that the ozone produced by electric discharges ia a thunderstorm coagulates milk by oxidizing it, am1 generates lactic acid. Mr. TreadWc . of the Wesleyan University, in discuss^ ing this, states that the action is not 4 mere oxidation, but is in part produced by the growth of bacteria, which is very rapid in hot, sultry weather. _ SOME eminent physicists, for instance, like Sir W'iliiam Thomson, have be­ lieved that the crust of the earth is at least 800 miles thick. The majority ad­ duce good reasons for believing that the crust is only tweuty-five to fifty mites thick. All agree that if the tempera­ ture within the earth continue* to in­ crease as it does near the surface, at the rate of 1 degree F. for about every tit­ ty-five feei of descent, all igneous rocks must be fused at no great depth. Iu fact, at this rate of increase, the tem­ perature at 200 miles is 18,000 degrees F., which ia Prof, llosettfa estimate of the probable temperature of the *un. It is improbable, however, that this rate of increase is maintained for a great distance, and many physicists be­ lieve that in aome unknow'a, bnt not very great depth, the increase in tem­ perature ceases * AFFAIRS IN ILLINOI Grady's l>ove of Horn* and Mother. One of the talented ataflT of the At­ lanta Constitution, a woman, pays a feeling tribute to the memory of Heury \V. Grady, in the course of which she says: "Well do I remember how he spent last year's holiday season, and the little story he told me of it as I sat in his ol- fioe one morning after New Year's. "He had visited his mother in Athens Christmas week, and he said: *1 don't think I ever felt happier than when I reached the littlo home of my boyhood, got there at night. She had saved sup­ per for me, aye, and she had remem­ bered all the things I liked. She had toasted me some cheese over the fire. Why, I hadn't tasted anything like it since I put oil' my round jackets. And then she had some home-made candy, she knew I used to love, and, bless her heart! I just felt sixteen again as we sat and talked, and she told me how she prayed for me and thought of me always, and what a brightness I had been to her life, and how she heard me coming home in every boy that whis­ tled along the Btreet. When 1 went to bed abe came and tucked the covers all around me in the dear old way that none but a mother's hand can know, and I felt so happy and so peaceful and BO full of tender love and tender memo­ ries that I cried happy, grateful tears until I went to sleep. "When he finished his eyes were full of tears and so were mine. He brushed his hand across his brow swiftly and said laughingly: 'Why, what are you crying about? What do you know about all this sort of feeling?'" "There is no surer foundation upon which to build a grand character than that of love of home and mother." By Observation. Two drummers were lounging near the register of the Grand Pacific last evening. A well-dressed man of medium age, with sandy mustache and whiskers, briskly walked across the rotunda to the telegraph office. "It's funnv," spoke up one of the drummers, "how muoh more a close ob­ server learns of people than another." "How's that?" "You see that well-fed looking man with a silk hat at the telegraph office." "What of him?" "1 know a good deal about him just from observation. He is a politician in the first place, for you notice how cau­ tiously he guards his blank while writ­ ing hi3 dispatch. He is from Minne­ sota, you know that by the cut of his coat, and a blind person could tell that he walks like a St. Paul man. I'd be willing to bet a bottle of wine that all my points are correct." , "That's a go. Mr. Clerk, who Is that man at the telegraph offioe?" "Governor Aferriam, of Si Paul, air." "Didn't I tell you?" exclaimed the drummer to his friend. "Now get out your kodak and we will take a diink." "With pleasure, after you answer one question. How did you know that was the Governor of Minnesota? Surely it wasn't by his walk and all that aa vou said?" "Of course not.- I saw him register. Next!"--Chicago Herald. A liaoe lor ftaby's Lift). Says aHintou, Pa.,dispatch: A thrill­ ing incident occurred at Dimmock station as No. 13 west-bound accommodation dashed into this place. Engineer Fox saw a 2-year-old child standing on the track about 100 yards ahead. He did all he could to stop the train, but in vain, and seemed as if the child was doomed, when Fireman McAlhattan fairly snatched it from the jaws of death. Leaping from the cab he ran like a deer, while a score of anxious eyes watched the race between the fleet- fodted fellow and the scarcely slacken­ ing speed of the engiue. Tbe brave fellow won the race and gained a life for the prize. He sprang in front of the engine, snatched the child from the wheels, and handed it safely to its mother. Tho latter murmured a few broken words of thanks, took a few steps, then sank to the ground power­ less. A cheer was given for the fire­ man and the baby, and the train swept 00. •" ; • 1 Bury lb* Hatohet. .,,r r Let by-gones be bv-gone«r* "The Great Spirit" commanded the North American Indians, wheu they smoked the calumet or peace pipe, to bury their hatchets, ecalping knives and war clubs in the ground, that all thought of hostilities might be buried out ol sight. Longfellow wrote in Hiawatha* 'Buried was the bloody hat«bet: • Buried was tbe dreadful war dabi - Bttried w«re all true-like weapons • Axd the war cry was ftttottett; '* 'l Tit621 was peace among tbe nations;" ITEMS GATHERED FROM VAFTFC* OU8 SOURCES. W"hat Ow MMgkbM Arm ' of . O-->»-- a*d loeal Ia«e»eet- rUtgmm and Death* --i --Personal Pointers. MAVRICK LEE, a native of Ireladl dieo at Chicago, aged 10t» years. Hta wife still lives, aged 100. Thejr htw four children Jiving, the eldest being (ML "PADI>Y" RYAX, a Chicago levee tough, killed James Donly by a blow with his fist, and escaped. The sane night James Houlihan shot at his wife three times without effect, and suicided. WM. WHITKLV, the traveling pho­ tographer who was shot by Will F. Cof­ fey at Ashley, is in a fair way to re­ cover. AT Quincy, by the breaking of a scaf­ fold, 1 Contractor August Lange amt Frank Pellman fell quite a distance a&& sustained fatal injuries. N IE meeting of the officers of tike ^ScH THE only man who really fear* God is the one who la afraid to do wrong. »d#**4 . yV^V" Vis f Louisville, and voted Sayior Stffin ^ place for holding their an* mt&l rn which convf-nes on 2, 3 and 4. li»91. This will be the largest meeting ever held, and many prominent State officials have consented to be proa- en t and address the association. SECIJKTABY GARRARO, of the State Board of Agriculture, sent out warrant* for $100 each to the county fair a?socia- tions of eighty-three countie; on ae- count of fairs held in 18SO. In compli­ ance with the law, warrants are being sent only to such associations a* have made applications ar.d proper reports. THK ministerial meeting of the Church of Christ convened at Saylor Spring*. The old board of officers was re-elected. GKORGE W. HIGOISS, leading mer­ chant of Olmstead, Pulaski County, killed by Miss Minnie Keddy, who handling a revolver which was supposed not to be loaded. * AT Rock Island the strike of the 399 lumbermen of the Weyerhauser & Denk- mann sawmill was adjusted and the men returned to work on bi-weekly wages» the firm refusing to grant the demaAti for weekly wages. GEOHGK MARKS, alias George Walsh, was sentenced to six years in the peni­ tentiary by Judge Brent *no, of Chic under an indictment for forgery. A DISEASE which proves itself 1 tagious is raging among the cattle ot Lawrence County. The cattle have sam tongues and weak backs and give way in their feet One hundred or more cat­ tle have died in the county within fc week. j A SPECIAL, from San Francisco saffi that a man who shot himself in that city has been identified as Georue W. Rey­ nolds, of Louisville. This ends a tragedy which occurred in Louisville about eigh­ teen years ago. Reynolds, who was theft a mero youth, be. ame involved in a quarrel with one of his associates and- stabbed him several times When Ms victim was found ho was in his last asro- nies. Reynolds led, but in a few uiontlM was captured. He managed to escape from the county jail before he came to trial and was recaptured, but again sscaped and has ever since been a fugi­ tive from justice. THE encampment of the 8tat« mflftla at Springfield was one of the most prof­ itable the soldier boys ever enjoyed. Strict military discipline prevailed, and several times, in the middle of sound sleep, the call to arms roused the « camp. Tho commanding officers press themselves highly pleased wt condition ot the State troops, ai boys are no less p eased with the cers. TUB Pullman Palace Car Company claims the weekly payment of wage* law is unconstitutional because it oper­ ates only against corporations, net against individuals or co-partnerships; and because it prevents the making off contracts, whereby "men who desire to let thefr wages accumulate in the hands of their employers are prevented from doing so." The company will fight tlw law. . j IT seems women are allowed to vote itt ichool matters only when an election off Officers is pending, not when buildi matters are being settled. The rece election at San Jose is invalidated en that score. A NEW boring Insect has been discov­ ered by L H. Pinkney, of Forest, whiclk had its six-inch borer Inserted live inches into a manie tree. The Stale •ntomologist will classify him. •- ABOUT three weeks ago a woman, apK parently 35 years old, well dressed. Sad giving ' her name as Bettie Farrea». stopped at the Arlington Hotel, Van- ialia. A week later her husband, with a bright baby boy of 9 months, joined her. After a day or two the husband left for Arkansas. The other day the woman went out of the hotel, leaving her babe alone, and she has failed to re­ turn. The child is in good hands, and will be well cared for if the heartless parents do not come for it. AT Jerseyvllle, the Horticultural As­ sociation of Jersey. Madison, and Ma­ coupin Counties held a meeting. Tbe fruit subject was discussed at length* and the partial failure of the apple crop laid to the dry weather of last winter and fall. AT Hilisboro the heaviest rain of the season fell, and came just in time 10 save the corn crop, which was suffering severely by the continued dry weather. AT Benton, a much needed rain feil. which just came in time to save COSK , and benefited other growing crops. Crops are very fine there. ' W11.UAM MORRIS, a fanner living near Klnmundy, was raking hay when one off the teeth of a larpe two-horse rake caught in the ground and broke. One piece of it struck Morris' 5-year-old son* knocking the top of tbe boy's head coii- pletely off. AT Ashley, Waldo Coffey shot and kita'ly wounded a photographer named vVhittley. The cause of the shooting was the alleged attempt of Whittley to induce Coffey's little girl to pose f«r nude pictures. JACOB BTJUGAUKR, of Chicago, was probably fatally shot by burglars, wheat he surprised at their work in bis rcifrt deqee. GEO. BrnjEMAK* a porter at the Audi­ torium Hotel, Chicago, and William Can­ non, a bookkeeper at Conkey's bindery* quarreled over a girl. Ettleaan at­ tacked Cannon in his roow, and was fatally shot Two 1.1 VKLY African lions were bont at Effingham, during an exhibition off Wallace's menagerie. One was eatee by its father the other will travel wiii the show. AT Quincy, the Rev. Jobann Grun# wald of Carlsruhe, Baden, Germany, and Miss Magdalena Archard,daughter of thf;; Rev. Archard, of the German Mathodi* Episcopal Church, of Quincy, were inais ried The couple, after a tour ef u* continent, will sail for Europe. JACOB WKSTAI.I, a prosperous farmet residing five miles northof Sumner. co«f - mitted suicide by hanging Wmself te a rafter in his barn. Mr. Westell hs* been in ill health for a few day* a»d ii ttimes seemed to be insane. I; A LAKOK panther was seen ia. the turn- ber north of Hilisboro. The famert that section have been mlaUng thd|> , live stock. An affWrt will be teade t# fcUUfc , 'Z i ^ 1 t » •, * j. f - iJt ,... ... , iI.-VsLi. V. *V„ ...Ife... ... jm.t» .i -A JFC ts SO