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i '. \y;>4 4*v; ̂ •;t, ^ ,^: *- ;-.*Hrr* r^ ( ^,v£CV t; 4v '1/UWJ^ ., ^ - - ;.|f-% *v^,-!/*/*^3'* ̂ W .;-»^. -$>. ,. ^ >•«<>:>..\r^ " J AMERICAN MISSIONARIES GIVE. ' THEIR LIVES FOR Tire Fliftt SSIISfifilijgigll •tilt ai«tMtui LIENCKCfW BSESBYTERTAN CHURCH pppi . i •?•*••*: , • <•> -. v"* m; .̂3̂ il .2. Sfe ELEANOR E. CEE3NUT The murder of American missionaries In Lienchow, China, has stirred the various mission boards greatly, and appeals to the United States government for protection for such occurrences in futur e are hourly being made. In the above pictures the fine church belonging to the mission is shown and also the murdered missionary and physician, who helped to build it. HOW MISSIONARIES MET DEATH. YOUTH IN DIPLOMATIC FRANKS. • Their Zeal In Religious Matters An­ gered Native Populace. Advices have been received at Hongkong confirming the news of the massacre of American missionaries at Lianchow and giving . the following particulars: Dr. Machle requested the removal of a street theater near the hospital _jon account of the noise. This request incensed the Chinese, who, becoming '• violent, attacked the hospital, p- Becoming frenzied, the crowd burned the hospital, the girls' school, S;"' and the residences of the mission* eries. Dr. Machle, Mrs. Machle, their 10- year-old daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Pearle, Dr. Chesnut, and Miss Patter son took refuge in a cave. The mob pursued them and killed all except Dr. Machle and Miss Patterson, who escaped to the Yamen. Dr. Machle was badly \gounded. Another account says the Lianchow massacre was due to the unhappy ac­ tion of Mrs. Machle, who, on the re­ fusal of some of the members of a native procession to desist from wor­ shiping the idols they carried, seized the idols and declined to restore them to their owners. Thereupon the in­ furiated processionists surrounded and destroyed the mission and as­ saulted the inmates. They then mur­ dered them and threw their bodies Into the river. Prompt action has been taken by the American authorities in China to tecure full reparation for the mas- •acre of American missionaries at Lianchow. Mosquito an Electoftil Isiue. John Martin, candidate for borough president in Richmond, Staten island, dragged the mosquito into his com- paign. In a manifesto he said: "Scientific methods for exterminating mosquitoes are known. They require only energy, money and official back­ ing to make them effective. We could considerably reduce the discomfort from mosquitoes If our borough presi­ dent would take up the campaign en­ ergetically. I pledge myself, if elected, to use all my power and to devote at least one-fifth of my salary to rid the island of the mosquito pest. A successful campaign would double real estate values." English Ambassadors at Present All Comparatively Young. A very noticeable feature in the diplomatic world is the way in which younger men are superseding the older diplomatists who ruled the roost a generation ago.' Seniority ife not now the main cause of promotion to the higher posts, and the fact is much^ resented by those who find them­ selves passed over or shelved. An ex­ amination of the ages of our Ambas­ sadors will show that Sir Francis Bertie (Prance) has nine more years of utility before he will be obliged by the rules of the service to retire, gir Edwin Egerton (Italy) six, Sir Ed­ ward Goschen (Austria) about six­ teen, Sir Francis Lascelles (Ger­ many) eight, Sir Mortimer Durand (United States) fifteen, Sir Nicholas O'Conor (Turkey) eight, Sir Arthur Nicolson (Spain) fourteen, and Sir Charles Hardlnge, at the important post of St. Petersburg, no less than twenty-three years.--Vanity Fair. WOMEN STUDENTS TOO FORMAL Wear Imitation Crowns. Some eastern society leaders have adopted the vogue of having their diamonds set, not as ordinary tiaras or coronets, but in imitation of the royal crowns Worn by the sovereigns of Europe. Mrs. John Jacob Astor and Mrs. Clarence Mackay have had, their coronets made in the shape of/ t---i4he English crown. Mrs. Howard -Could posseses one exactly like that of Queen Helen of Italy. Mrs. Charles Yerkes wears on her brow a facsimile f the Spanish queen's diadem, while rs. Bradley Martin has had the hls- oric crown of Empress Josephine for her personal use. ?:r Insurance Postcard. • "Commercial de Rouen." a photo- Hfraphic institute at Zurich, has con­ ceived the idea of an insurance post- •4§ard. This card, which costs only twenty centimes (four cents), will In- Sure the person to whom it is sent against accident or death during a period of thirty days. Moreover, it |js permissible to address the card to One's self. In case of death $200 is $a!d the next of kin. and in case of 1»on-fatal accidents $?.25 per week |uring such time as the holder may fee unable to work. . - ; . a ' Energy of Radium. Says Prof. G. H. Darwin: "Radium is a substance which is perhaps mill­ ions of times more powerful than dyn­ amite. Thus it is estimated that an 1|unce of radium would contain Enough power to raise 10,000 tons a 4pile above the earth's surface. An­ other way of stating the same esti- iiiate is this: The energy needed to V#Dw a ship of 12,000 tons a distance •Of 6,000 sea miles at fifteen knots is contained in twenty-two ounces of indium," Why Professor Has Changed -pis Views as to Coeducation. An objection to coeducational col­ leges which has not been much heard of in public is stated by a professor in one of them. He has taught there a dozen years and at first was a strong advocate of the system. Now he says he would like to see women banished from the university or %ould like to receive a call to a man's uni­ versity. And the reason he gives is what he calls the American woman's passion for turning everything into a social affair. This professor describes in detail the social functions of ihe women's side of the college, the devel­ opment of the taste for formal so­ ciety, the dress parade; as he regards it, and closes with the declaration that the few who can take high rank as students will before long go abroad, where women students really apply themselves to study and do not think about society at the same time. --Hartford, Conn., Times. PANIC? AT POLITICAL MEETING tier off Seats. Fall as Goyernor Arrives ' to. Make Address. JfTwenty people, were, .slightly injured at Moline toy the falling of a tier of Wats at the hall where Gov. Charles S. Deneen spoke. The meeting was a republican rally at which the gov­ ernor spoke in favor of the candi­ dacy for congress of James McKin- ney of Ale&o, who also was present and spdke. About 2,000 packed the hall. At the entrance of Gov. Deneen and bis party inany people gathered upon the already overcrowded seats in or­ der to obtain a view of him. The sup­ ports of one section of seats gave way under the strain and about fifty people, pen, women and children were thrown Jo the floor in a heap. Upon them descended the heavy planks, of which the seats were built. In a second panic was threatened. A movement toward the scene of the incident which threatened to trample the injured was begun, but through the efforts of the police, assisted by Gov. Deneen, this movement was Checked. The governor and other cool heads then succeeded in quieting those *who Were Inclined to panic and kept the crowds away, while the injured were helped from the wrecked seats And taken care of, after which the speaking took place. ftfeW HO®PlTAL AT TAYLORVILLE Corner Stone for Catholic Structure Will Be Laid Wednesday. The corner stone of the new Cath­ olic hospital at Taylorville will be laid Wednesday with appropriate cer­ emonies. The Rev. Father Hickey of Springfield, vicar general of the Alton diocese, will be master of ceremonies. He will be assisted by all the priests of the district. Addresses will be de­ livered by Judge R. M. Potts, Benja­ min F. Coldwell of Springfield, Thos. Masterson of Hillsboro, the Rev. Thos. McGraw of Stonington, Major W. T. Vandever, and the Rev. Father Mer- cher of Taylorville. The new hospital will cost $25,000 and will be ready for occupancy by next spring. May Pick Husband's Pockets. In the city hall police court at Alton Judge Rose proclaimed that a wife has the right to pick her husband's pocket while he sleeps, or at any oth­ er time, to .get money for household expenses, and that such an act does not constitute an excuse for a man's abandoning his family. He told this to Ernst Burton, the defendant, who said that he left his wife because she had surreptitiously taken a dime from his pocket. Fined for Hallowe'en Prank. Thomas Finnegan was fined $3 and costs in the Alton police court as the result of a hallowe'en masquerade. Finnegan walked the streets in wom­ an's attire, such as is usually seen on bareback riders at a circus, an3 en­ gaged in a fight which terminated in nearly all his feminine garments be­ ing torn off. He was unable to leave 'ail until friends loaned him clothes. Niagara May Yet Be Saved. What shall Niagara do to be saved from withering into extinction? As the children of Israel crossed dry shod over the Red Sea, so every American now living may some day expect to walk on dry rocks from shore to shore where now flow the most' famous falls of the continent. Dr. Clark, New York's state geologist, calculates that when 80,000 cubic feet have been subtracted from the river the American falls will have dried away. Power hunters have already located sites for the plants that wilj drain away 88,400 feet of the river?' thus providing certain doom for the American splendor, unless swift ac^ tion be taken'to save it from harness and humiliation and from advertising to the world that "we are ready to coin into dollars every good and beau­ tiful thing earth affords." , „ Stamp-Collecting Statistics. Somebody interested in such mat­ ters lias compiled an interesting table of statistics of the number of stamps of all countries issued during the past sixty years. From this statement It appears that the collector who would,, have an absolutely perfect collection must possess 19,242 different stamps. Of these, the Republic of San Salvador has more issjies to its credit than any other country. The number up to June 30th was 452. Oceania has 1,425 varieties, Asia 3,628. Africa 4,005. Europe, 4,089, and America 6,095. . , • Lawyer Has Big Case In Hand. Ira Leo Bamberger is counsel for New York school teachers in their suit for back pay under what is known as the Pittinglll schedule adopted in Brooklyn in 1899, before the greater New York city charter •went into effect. The amount involved is |2,500,000, and some suits already have been won. Should the plaintiffs be successful in all cases Mr. Bam­ berger will receive $400,000, the larg. est fee ever paid to a New Yor* lawyer. Grocers Violate Food Law. Twenty-two grocers of Galesburg wore arrested on a charge of (violating the pure food law by selling chemical vinegar, spurious 'butter and bogus honey, paid their fines of $25 and costs each, all pleading guilty. The plea is made by the grocers that the goods were represented to them as pur®. Diphtheria In Eastern Illinois. Forty-two cases of diphtheria are reported from Taylorville, half as many more from Pana, both in Chris­ tian county, and scattering cases have been found in Decatur, Clinton, Lin: coin and throughout the rural dis­ tricts of that part of the state. The Taylorville schools are closed. Nine-Mile Missionary. Rev. Alex. Rhine of Nashville has been chosen missionary for the Nin»- Mlle Baptist association to succeed Rev. H. C. Mitchell. Rev. Rhine will take up his new duties on Nov. 10. Rev. Mitchell is now assistant district superintendent of the Illinois chil­ dren's home and aid society. , To Boom East 8t. Louis. The committee appointed by the Real Estate exchange of East St. Louis to solicit funds from members of the association and business men to properly advertise East St. Louis reported, after one day's work, that they had secured $2,200. This fund is 'o be raised to $10,000., Choice Items from oves the state, specially •elected for our readers CONTROLS SOFT COAL OUTPUT CORN CROP ESCAPES DAMAGE Twenty-five Mines Are Combined Under One Management. An agreement has been perfected consolidating _ companies operating twenty-five bituminous coal mines lo­ cated in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and West Virginia. The O'Gara Coal com­ pany has secured control of all of these companies, with an aggregate output of 25,000 tons daily. The com­ pany has a capital stock ofi $6,000,000, and is now ranked as one of the lar­ gest of the country. Mr. O'Gara estimated that the com­ pany now owns coal fields enough to supply the trade of the company for 100 years. Mr. O'Gara has between 80,000 and 90,000 acres of coal fields, of which over 60,000 acres are located in Saline county, Illinois: It 4s esti­ mated that this county alone has 500,- 000,000 tons of coal. The companies consolidated are: The El Dorado Coal and Coke company. Diamond Coal company, Harrisburg Mining and Coal company, New Coal company, C'.ifton Coal company, Morris Coal company, Egyptian Coal company and Carriers' Mill Coal company, all in Saline coun­ ty, Illinois; Green Ridge Mining com­ pany, Jefferson Mining company and Big Muddy Mininig company, in the Springfield, 111., district; Lincoln Coal and Mining company, Vivian Coal Mining company, Summit Mining com­ pany, Staunton Mining company, all in Indiana; Imperial Mining company of Cambridge, Ohio, and O'Gara Coal Mining company of Fairmount, W. Va. ANTI-SALOON CHiEF. Rev. R. M. Little, who has been named by the headquarters committee of the Anti-Saloon League of Illinois to succeed William H. Anderson as state superintendent of the league, is chairman of the committee and has bee'n nine years pastor of the Wood- lis; « Frost Has No Effect on the Matured Product In This State. A special crop bulletin issued by William G. Burns, secretary of direc­ tor of the United States weather bureau at Springfield, shows that the first killing frost, which fell on the night of Oct. 12, did not damage the corn crop. Apples are a' total failure in many localities. The report in part is as follows: "The first killing frost of autumn occurred on the morning of the 12tS? It extended through the north and central districts, but corn was fully matured and no damage ensued. The average temperature for ' the month was slightly below normal. Precipita­ tion was generally above the season­ able average. In portions of the southern districts excessive measure­ ments were recorded. Farming opera^ tions were interrupted by rains, but good progress was made In husking corn and fall plowing. "In the northern district - husking and cribbing corn are in active op­ eration. Reports afe uniformly favor able with regard to the.yield and qua! ity of the grain. "In all sections many fiuds have been prostrated by high winds and with wet weather much damage will ensue. Shelling has begun in several localities. 8 "The present outlook' for wheat is most favorable, an adverse report be­ ing the exception. The plant is healthy and vigorous and has attain ed a good start to withstand the rigors of winter. Pastures are most ly short and dried out in the north­ ern district, but maintain a good con­ dition for the season in the other dis tricts. "Apples are scarce generally and a total failure in some localities. The fruit Is mostly small In size and of inferior quality. The crop is gather­ ed, but does not seem to be keeping well. The potato output is much be­ low the average yield." Bank Cashier Under Arrest. J. C. Langley, defaulting cashier of the First National bank of Mansfield, was arrested at Champaign and taken to Monticello, the county seat. Harry P. Hitchins, representative of a Kan­ sas City firm, was arrested at the same time on the technical charge of violating state bucket shop laws. Hitchins was held to the grand Jury In $1,000 bond. It ife believed Hitch­ ins will give information of Langley's speculative deals. It is now believed the back's shortage will reach $40,000. jzrj?./r.&T7Z£̂ % lawn United Presbyterian church, Chi­ cago. He is also director of the league lepresenting the Presbyterian body. Should Mr. Little accept the superin- tendency it will involve his giving up his pastorate, which he feels reluctant to do. His nomination will come up for approval in the state convention at Peoria, Nov. 14. Mr. Little is the choice of Dr. P. A. Baker, national su­ perintendent for the Illinois position Telephone Contract. The Macoupin County Telephone company has signed a contract with the Kinloch company whereby It may connect with the Kinloch telephone lines west of the city. TJiree New Fish Wardens. Gov. Deneen has announced the ap­ pointment of three fish wardens as follows: A. Stiles, Homer, Champaign county; J3. C. Caldwell, Havana, Ma­ son county,; Frank Whitman, Ma- McDonough county. Librarian at Orphans' Home. Only one change was announced in the pay roll of the orphans' home at Bloomington, Mrs. L. A, Bosworth of that city being appointed librarian to succeed Miss Ella Barlow of Effling- ham, resigned. Abandons Wife and ChUd. Gov. Deneen has issued a reqafsf tion on* the governor of Wisconsin for the return to Illinois of Andrew Mor- stead, who Is under arrest at Janes- ville. Morstead is wanted in Chicago on a charge of wife and child abandon­ ment. --- Doctors Elect Officers. The Southern Illinois Medical As­ sociation held a two days' session at Mount Vernon. The annual election of officers resulted as follows: Presi­ dent, J. L Wiggins, East St. Loulfe; first vice president, C. C. FHzzell, De Soto; second vice president, J. W. Hamilton, Mount Vernon; secretary, E. E. Fyke, Centralia; assistant sec- letary, C. W. I.illle, East St. Louis; treasurer, A. T. Telford, Olney. The meeting next year will be held at Shawneetown. Fatally Shot by a Bartender. During an altercation in a saloon in Willisville, a mining town, An- drewMoyer, aged 21, was fatally shot by an Italian bartender named Case- foz. Meyer, it is alleged, entered the saloon with two companions and de­ manded that the bartelder treat the etowd. The demand was refused and Moyer started to go behind the bar, when the Italian fired two shots, one of wtfich entered his antagonist's neck. Galesburg Plant Is Burned. The Wenzelmann manufacturing plant, southwest of Galesburg, caught fire and before help could arrive the main building and chemical building were burned. When the fire depart ment reached the scene these build­ ings were in flames and attention was turned to saving the other structures. The loss will probably reach $15,000, covered partially by insurance. The flames originated in the foundry.**' -Double Verdict at Second Trial. A jury in the East St. Louis city court awarded* a judgment for $15,000 in favor of GeorsA Renard against Swift & Co. for in^ries sustained by Renard while he was feeding a sau­ sage machine at the Swift packing plant. His right arm became en­ tangled in the machinery and was jerked from the shoulder socket Renard sued for $15,000, and at a for­ mer trial was awarded a verdict for $7,500. Bullet Hole in Head. The 'body of Thomas Parks, a ste­ nographer in a railroad office in Chi­ cago, who disappeared from the house of Samuel L. Dove, near Tower, was found In a corn field with a bul'et hole In his head. He apparently committed suicide. Alleged Forger Ends Life. 'Joseph E. St. Ciair of Barnesville, Ohio,*committed suicide at Sycamore by taking carbolic acid. He had been forging checks'on Franklin Hall and it is thought fear of being discovered caused him to take his life. Hangs Himself to-Tree. William Wempon, a wealthy farmer living four miles east of Moweaqua with bis son, William Wempon, Jr., committed suicide by hanging himself to a tree. He was 72 years old and was born in Germany. 8a loon Brawl Leads to Tragedy John Devoice, an employe In the mills at Marseilles, near La Salle, was shot by City Marshal Holmes and died shortly afterward. The tragedy was the outcome of a saloon braw'. New Pastor for Mattoon. Rev. J. Frazier Cocks of Louisville, Ky., has accopted a call to the Cum­ berland Presbyterian church In Mat- toon, to succeed Rev. L. W. Madden, who. resigned the pastorate a few weeks ago. . Babe Swallows Her Brother. ^ swallowed brother," cried •§» year-old Ruth Wilson to her parents, at Gilman. She explained that she had swallowied a photographic buttcp containing a likeness, of her brother. Investigation with an X-ray located the button in the child's windpipe be­ tween the first and second ribs. New School for Donkville. A new school will be opened at ftonkville rnd will have forty pupils. Miss Jennie Snadded of Collitsville will have charge <1 the school. Gives $25,000 to College. At the annual meeting of the board of trustees of Northwestern college at Napervllle Dr. A. Goldspohn of Chi­ cago donated $25,000 for the erection of a science hall. This secures' an­ other $25,000 pledge by Andrew Carne­ gie last spring for a college library building. All tlie teachers of the col­ lege have been retained, and Prof. E. E. Rife and Miss Ella Schneller were added to the faculty. Drainage Canal 8uits. In a suit brought by T. C. Launer of Cass county and Mrs. Sara Swain of Bloo:rlngton against H. J. M. Rup- pel, Charles Johnson and A. H. Kroke, commissioners of the Clear Creek drainage district, to recover damages for land used in cutting a drainage canal, the jury awarded $17.7,75 dam­ ages to Mr. Launer, fent nothing to Mrs. Swain. LIFELONG ENEMY OF LIBERTY . the Incarnaticn of Absolutism in Russia. Gives Up. Monroe Sunday-School Officers. The Monroe county Sunday-school association, at its meeting at Renault, elected the following officers: Presi­ dent, Dr. S. F. Douglas; vice presi­ dent, Miss Ida Rogers; secretary and treasurer, I. S. Tolln; executive com­ mittee, Mrs. Josie Morrison, Mrs. E T. Weible, Mrs. Walter Ditch, JohJ Anderson, Jr., and Miss Belle Samp son. Coal Company Elects Officers. The Lebanon, City Coal company. has elected these officers: President, R. H. Horner; vice president, Wm. Koib; secretary-treasurer, H. C. Eisenmayer; directors, Adolph Stof- fel, John Facht and Harry Chappie. Alton's New Freight Depot. General Manager C. A. Good now of the Chicago and Alton has given or­ ders that the freight depot at Alton be remodeled. The building has stood since the railroad was built, fifty years agdv » King's Daughters and Sons, The King'!* Daughters and Sons oi Illinois at Paris selected Joliet as the society's next meeting place. Mrs. J. A. Clark of Freeport was re-elected state secretary, and Miss Nell D. Jones of Paris recording secretary. The constitution was amended to pro- vide for' annual meetings. .' r There was not room in all Russia for liberty and Constantine Petro. \itch Pobiedonostseff. The.czar prom- iped the Russians liberty, and Pobie­ donostseff, who had always denied that the people were entitled to lib­ erty, effaced himself. For more than half a century Pobie­ donostseff was the evil genius of the „ czars of Russia. He was the incar­ nation of absolutism. He believed in the autocracy of thte czar. He did sot believe in the rights of the people to any form of self-government. He did tot believe in free speech, or in a free press. He was equally opposed to freedom of conscience.^ He did not be­ lieve in educating the masses. He bo- lieved in the czar and the Orthodox .church--and in nothing else. As His Enemies See Him. Pobiedonostseff's enemies have de­ clared that his ruthless fanaticism has broken up thousands of families, ruined countless men of the noblest of *•» r b , * "'*4 r • • ^ character, and driven untold thou­ sands into Siberian exile; that his long life has been devoted to working evil, unredeemed by one single act of charity or nobility; that his hands are stained with the blood of massacred Jews, knouted peasants, and blud­ geoned students. Whether these charges are true or false, or partly true and partly false, Pobiedonostseff £> the most hated man In Russia to-day. And yet his bit­ terest enemies gladly testify to his sincerity and his absolute purity of character. Money has never soiled his hands. His name has never been connected with scandal, although his fierce denunciation of the immoralitj of even men high in Russia's society stings like the whip of a scorpion, and Intensifies the already burning hatred felt for him. It is admitted, too, without dispute that Pobiedonostseff is totally without personal ambition. His enemies, who sreak of him as bigoted, fanatical, end cruel, admit that he is actuated In all his policies and plans by a de­ vout and fervent ideal. Singlemind- edness, simplicity, purity, intensity, and a determination that is fanatical --these are the elements of Pobied- onostseff's character. Fifty Years of Public 8ervlce. Pobiedonostseff was born in Mos­ cow in 1827, and since 1846 he has been a part of Russia's official life, for In that year, after completing his education In the higher law school of Russia, he was appointed by Czar Nicholas I. as an official of the sen­ ate. From 1859 until 1865 he was professor of civil law at the Moscow university, and during these years he was the tutor of the czar's son, Alex­ ander. It was Pobiedonostseff's asso­ ciation with the czarevitch for near­ ly ten years that gave him such an influence over the young man whaaft- ernwards became Alexander III., and also with Alexander II. In 1868 he was created a senator, and in 1872 a member of the imperial council. It was In these growing years of his career that Pobiedonostseff formu­ lated his peculiarly Russian prin­ ciples of political economy and in­ stilled them into the minds and hearts of Alexander II., Alexander III., and Nicholas II. The basis of his political creed was: "The czar alone rules, ! the church Is omnipotent and the prin­ ciple of the sovereignty of the people Is the falsest of all doctrines." Tears Up a Constitution. Pobiedonostseff ruled Alexander" II. only intermittently. It was Pobied­ onostseff who led the reactionary op­ position to Alexander II.'s naturally liberal tendencies. Only once did a political enemy triumph over Pobie­ donostseff. In the closing years of the reign of Alexander II. Lorls Melikoff \ formulated a constitution and pre­ vailed upon the czar to sign it. But Pobiedonostseff triumphed after all. for an assassin killed Alexander II. and his son, Alexander III.--the pupil Vany Telephones in Vatican. t The pope has adopted the _tel_ephone |_. habit. The Vatican is now as elabor­ ately wired as any great financial in­ stitution or hotel in the United States ^r-house, local and long-distance tele­ phone In every room. The long-dis tance telephone most often used by the pope is the wire connection with Venice, his old place of residence and useful activity. From Venice comes stories of all sorts of people who are occasionally called upon by Pius for Pobiedonostseff--mounted the throne. Alexander III. tore up tho constitution his father had signed and inaugurated "the terror" in Russia. In those awful years of fierce warfare Letween absolutism and nihilism-- "Ve^rs in which thousands of liberal Russians went to the scaffold, to prison, or to Siberia--Pobiedonostseff ' V'^-s was the power behind the throne. -f'-iv The czar ruled Russia, but Pobiedo- vl nostseff ruled the czar. The czar > - ^ made made him procurator of the - holy synod and thereafter Pobiedo- , nostseff ruled the church as well as '.|j the czar. His reign continued until ' v Alexander III. died and the present czar, Nicholas II., mounted the thronej From this period his influence in state affairs grew rapidly. He be-j came a member of the council of thej ministry of justice, a privy councilor^ a senator, a secretary of state, a min­ ister. and finally chief; procurator of the holy synod. Since the death of the Czar .Liberator Alexander II. he has been unquestionably the most powerful man 1H Russia. He has been a voluminous writer oh jurisprudericei and politics, and his "Course of Civil Law" has a European reputation. Personally he is exceedingly Interest­ ing, a little frigid in his manner, but a brilliant talker and a not ungeninl host. His Influence Cver the Czar. Nicholas II. is a man of natural lib? eral tendencies, but he has been held secure in a strait jacket of absolutism put upon him by the reactionary, party--the grand dukes, the chiefs of 4he bureaucracy--of whom Pobiedon­ ostseff WES the ruling spirit. Nicholas II. decreed the end of exile to Siberia for political crimes--and Pohiedonost- stff nullified the decree by his influ­ ence over the bureaucratic chiefs, to whom the enforcement of the decree was intrusted. The czar decreed more privileges for the zemstvos--and Po* biedonostseff's influence prevented the decree from going into effect. Nicholas II. a year ago promised the pepple wider liberties, and the same day he signed a ukase, said to have been written by Pobiedonostseff, who arose from a sick bed' to go to the m palace at midnight, nullifying every­thing he had promised. But all things come to an end. ijhe Russian people, aroused and terribly In earnest, enforced their demands for liberty, and the czar, deserted by the grand dukes, abandoned by his frightened bureaucratic chiels. . warned by the assassination of Bob- \ ^ rikoff, Von Plehve, and Serguis, yield* „* Y'4 ed. He promised the people a con-. . < J| stitutional form of government., and Pobiedonostseff, true to his principles to.the last, gave up his office, of PfO^, • curator of the holy synod. " SWEDEN'S NEW ENSIGN H Old Emblem of Union with Norway! tsj Lowered--Vessels Salute. The old union flag wis struck throughout Sweden on Nov. 1, and the new Swedish ensign was hoisted to accbmpaniment of salutes, the ring­ ing of church bells and parades of troops. In Stockholm the whole gar- j rison paraded and most of the popu­ l a t i o n t h r o n g e d t h e s t r e e t s . A t ; 9 J o'clock the flag flown by Sweden be- . fere the union with Norway nearly a I century ago was again broken out | over the palaces, from church j steeples, public and private buildings J and steamers and sailing vessejs. A Chilean schoolship in the harbor The New Swsdish Ffjigi. , (Groundwork cf Ceg is blue, the cross jre)- , low.) joined with the Swcl'sh vessels in saluting the sew flag. Similar ceremonies took place is all the cities and every schoolhouse in the country had its demonstration, the children* gathering outside and saluting the Cag. Considers Himself Young at fife, The sixtieth birthday of the emftt- ent violinist, August Wilhelmj, was celebrated in London on Sept. 21. He considers himself a very young man. His father, aged 93, is still as active as a man of 40, playing the violin every day with great zest. The elder Wilhelmj was a personal friend of Bismarck, as Well as of Wagner. Search for Cld Roman City. • --romantic search--for--a--Roasan city is in progress at West Meon, near Petersfield, Hants. England. In an old book which he picked up in a cottage a schoolmaster saw a description of the city, and after careful study locat­ ed it. Already several tessalated pave­ ments supposed to belong to the mkt> s on of a Roman centurion, have been unearthed, together with heating.ap- ra atiis of the mansion, and several other objects of great interest. Far- a moment's chat or sonie personal in-*.! ther developments are beirg awaited struction. With interest. Domestic Science Meeting. The Monroe County Domestic Science club will hold its annual con­ vention in Memorial hall, Waterloo, on November 9 and 10. What She Had Taken In Physics. The following story is told W Dr. , formerly superintendent of public schools in a Maine town: A young girl came to the doctor, saying that she wished to enter the high school. She passed the entrance examinations successfully. Then the doctor asked, "WhAt have you taken in physics?'! "Well." sfie replied, "I've never taken much in physics, but I've al­ ways heard that salts were about the best" Mohnnie Champaigne's" Butter. r A typical old French-Canadian "habitant," named Chompaigne," lived in/'Haverhill some years ago. One morning he entered the grocery store where he usua!ly traded, and, In re­ sponse to the pleasant greeting of the proprietor, delivered himself of the following: "Mornin', be gosh darn. See here* for wot you charge my wife for two pounds of butter wot she never got? Ba gosh, dat's darn poor butter, U*** •-- Boston Herald. . ^ --