I >?sv . ~ t / <. , 4. r v$>* Mifx . V5 Vft.!kMr'- * f'-^. - ~- rv i ,s?' t <• <- -%<. - * -t • . - ^ "T > '; • 4- - ' ( • - , •', •*•• •" --,:V f; .\ .;:^r^-;;ov ^ ^ k-v? ^ v ^ < ST * ̂ v« , ^ rf- ^ ~ ^ "fi^ '•* t -*S k** .^...A ',, «• * "f-f- ^ '. " f ' *» „ V * ^ 1"* - jtaO A ^ ' 7 „ 1 r^ ^ ^ -- T ^ ; Of BABEL ulN and desolation mark tlM alt* .of the ancient biblical city of Babylon. Where, "by the water of Babylon," tha Jewish nation "sat down and wept* stand today staggering walla of an old-time splendor. Until a few year* ago what had once been the "cradle of civilization*' was covered with the Jirt and dust of ages, but In 1900 * number cf Qsns&u srcuasolcjijtll cleared away the debris, in part, and uncovered portions of the royal city. The work is still being carried on and the photographs here reproduced are the first to reach America showing the results of the German eavants' labor of love. For twelve years Prot Robert Koldewey, director of archaeological re search In Babylon, assisted by Dr. Oscar Hea ther, h%s carried on his work, supported by tU emperor of Germany. On the site shown in one of the pictures the ower of Babel once stood. This is the scene f the confusion of tongues of the biblical story, fieveral sites have been assigned to the tower. S^hat this is the true site is the conclusion of Dr. '-Koldewey and his associates in the expedition Jlent out by the. Deutsche Oriestgeasllschaft at feerJIn. Other scholars who have sought to to :Y:SS» Bit|. IS ADVANCED 4H3EATLY AMENDED IT IS 8ENT THIRD READ- IN4 1 '» 1 x- ?-• • L'ViV t $ .. AGE PENSION MEASURE FAILS ... nm? «ate the site have lacked the evidence obtained by Dr. Koldewey in his extensive researches. Only the site is left Time and war and tha ' elements assailed the tower. For twenty cen turies it crumbled. It was a quarry of building materials for man. Practically Babylonia was left unexplored until the last quarter of the nine*"/ teenth century. Before that the work of destruc tion had been completed. In the last century modern towns and villages in the vicinity carted off or floated down the Euphrates the last bricks <of the foundation of the Tower of Babel. The foundation was over 860 feet. square, a huge, bulky mass. Hillah, a modern Arah town, four miles south of it, was built with the bricks of Che anclept city. Thus perished the pride if Babylon. The temple of Esagila, the most Important -• &abylo:iian sanctuary brought to light, was a part of the Tower of Babol. Ita ruins were uncovered ; by the German archaeologists after digging a . hole forty feet deep that was as broad as the mouth of a volcano. The two walls in the ceil* ter of the picture mark the entrance to the pas sage, a quarter of a mile long, which connected the steep pyramid of Etomenankl, known in thft Bible as the Tower of Babel, with this temple. Because of the depth of the debris caused by the action of the centuries which have, veiled the earth here the entire foundation of th| Tower of Babel has not yet been excavated, but tunnels at the floor level have been bored into the sides until the temple walls were properly «etarnished1 and the* the whole edlfloe was meas ured. This is the oldest and most momentous ruin on account of its connection with the Tower of Babel, and. the bricks which once represented massive masonry are now so brittle that one OSn crush them between the fingers. In the picture showing the ruins of Babylon the man on the left stands upon the remains df the brick pavement which was part of the long street named after Daniel, who, no doubt, him* •elf traversed Its length many times. In the rains on the right. In the hollow, there Is the gate named after the goddess Ishtar. This Is the most prominent and best preserved ruin in Babylon. Its walls are adorned with reliefs of bulls, the holy animal of Nebo, and dragons, the holy animal of the god Marduk. It was through this gate that the processional road of - the god of Marduk led, and passing it and turn ing to the right, it led on to Nebuchadnessar's throne ball. The excavations have brought to tight many curious specimens of the work of the anclenf people of Babylon. The largest piece of sculp ture yet unearthed Is that of a huge lion chis eled out of an enormous block of granite brought down the Euphrates on a raft from Mesopotamia.. It shows a lion standing over a prostrate man. The work is crude and probably is a product of the very earliest art of Babylon. The sculptor typifies the superiority of the lion's strength over, man's. Some coffins of the middle class were also found. They were of burned clay and like bathtubs in shape. Some of them were ver» Short because of the custom of the Assyrians and Babylonians of burying their dead in a sitting position, with the head between the knees. These sarcophagi were d e p o s i t e t d o f t e n i n round roofed tombs, in some of which have been found the bones of the dead of 2,500 ;years ago. Many of these coffins have been discovered in the exc* -rations abont the dwellings of the middle class at. While German research has definitely fixed the location of the Tower of Babel, the origin of the biblical story of the confusion of tongues has not been found In Babylon. That it is a world myth is the conclusion of scholars. It is inter esting to note that a similar legend is found in Central America in connection with the pyramid of Cholula. whieh was also Intended to reqafe the heavens and which brought disaster to M builders. But if thlB legend has not been verified by re search the discoveries which have rewarded the labors of explorers and archaeologists In Baby lonia have been many and of the highest value., Innumerable tablets have been collected which when deciphered will throw light upon a clvillxa- tion which was born more than six thousand years ago. The oldest temple in the world has ; been unearthed at Bisya. Large square blocks have been discovered which date back to the reign of Sargon I., 8,800 years before Christ Even older Is a platform built of the peculiar convex bricks used In B. C. 4500. Inscriptions on bricks found in ' the temple at Bisya are Stamped with the name of Dungi, B. C. 2750. A Crumpled piece of gold bears the name of Param film. B. C. 3760. So much for the age of the antiquities of Babylon. The best preserved edi fice of ancient Babylon thus far unearthed <8 _ the gate of the goddess Ishtar, of which the ma- - sonry remains well nigh perfect after two thou- * sand years of neglect. What is even more interesting to the general public, modern research is making the Baby lonians live again after thousands of years. .Much is known now of their dally life, their alms and occupations, their religious ceremonies. It Is possible to reconstruct something of the life of the prophet Daniel in Babylon. It Is possible to follow the course of a procession in honor of the god Marduk th>ough the gate of iBhtar to the palace of Nebuchadnezzar. The sepultures of the people and of the princes have been laid open. Everywhere on tfep walls of buildings are to be seen representations of the bull, which was the sacred animal of Babylon Though it is uncertain whether the ancient . Babylonians were more civilised than their Egyptian contemporaries there is but little doubt that they were the pioneers of civilization in the whole of westerp Asia before Greece and Rome came to the frent. Four thousand yean B. C. their system of writing had already been developed, and applied also the Semitic Baby* ' Ionian tongue. Fourteen hundred years B. C, lis the Tell-el-Amarna tablets testify, its use el* tended over the whol« of western Asia as far as the Mediterranean %nd Egypt Though not a warlike people the Babylonians possessed more than once what might have been described at the time as a world-wide empire. They were energetic, Intelligent, polished in their way and ibnd of letters. Exce>;ent sculptures and en gravings on hard stone exist to testify to their ' •kill and artistic instincts. Representations of musical instruments lm l̂y also that the art of harmony was not altogether unknown to them. To this must be added 4griculture, mensuration and mathematics, such «s they were, and their *" legal enactments, codified apparently. by Han* murabi, are in their way noteworthy produc tions. In the matter of literature we owe to them no less than three accounts of the crea tion, two accounts of the flood, one of them put into the mouth of the Babylonian Noah (Ut- napistim or Atre-hasis), who is represented as relating it to the semi-mythical Gilgames, a primitive king of Erech. To these must be 'added a number of other legends, such as the story of T^re (the pestilence), Etanna, the horse and the ox, with many others--one at least the story of Sargon of Agade, being historical. It Is difficult to Judge which was the more predominant characteristic of the Babylonians, their trading instinct or their reverence for their gods, for both are equally marked. They had intercourse by means of trade with Elam on the east Syria on the west and many other plafces on the north and south. Slavery was common, and contracts concerning the buying, selling and hiring of slaves are frequently met with. One of the pictures shows an Interesting phase of present day life. How would it feel if the worry of moving could be eliminated as in the picture of the Babylonian who is moving his household goods and chattels. ' The Baby lonian gathers his earthly possessions together, carefully arranges his furniture (In most cases a rug) on the back of his donkey or mule, and with his family comfortably seated on the pack, he starts merrily off to some place whldh may strike his fancy. The transportation by any other means than that of the donkey or mule Is unheard of by the Babylonian who believes that this is the mode of transportation the world over. It Is only the extremely wealthy, or personages of political importance, who can afford a carriage. A Jour ney on the back of a donkey or mule Is filled with many hardships and is very slow and tedious to those unaccustomed to that mode of conveyance, but the Babylonian, knowing no better. Is satisfied with his lot and thankful to Allah that he has a donkey or mule to carry him about wherever his business or fancy die- tata. GOOD HAND. Dummy made It no trumps And pat down the ac«. king and queen of hearts. "Ah. good hearts," remarked her polite op ponent She put down the ace. king and queen of spades. "Good spades!" Sbe put down the same sequence In diamonds. "Good diamonds!" She then displayed the ace. king, queen and knave of clubs. "Good gracious!" OR SOM1THIWO. "What do yon think of a Judge as a Secretary of war?" "I think IPs a good move. If the enemy should ever prove too strong for us, he can launch an injunction at *em or take a change of venue." , MEANS OP IDENTIFICATION. "I took my laundry ticket to a friendly China man, and, after some hesitation, he translated It for me." "What did It sayr "Little man; ears stick o«tj wnp*f*.noS%" •AY CUtM TO BE UNIQUE fraud*' OonlnlOM of Reuss In Oe^ many Is Absolutely Without • a Parallel on Earth. r One of the oldest of Germany's feu- tal dominions, and decidedly the most Individual, is the little province Of Reuss. Itoth halves combined (fbr it consists of two distinct prin cipalities) on*y comprise 441 square miles, and r third of this area is given up to that primeval foreat which covers that greater part of Thurlngia. And it is the larger por tion, called Reuss-Schlelz-Gera (ws opposed to Reuss-Grelz) over which Prince Henry XIV., whose death oc curred recently, ruled. At the time when Reuss began to be Reuss, its overlords were vogts, or prefects, under tho German kings. One of these bailiffs was a certain Henry, who died in 1120 with the title of Vcgt of Gera and Weida, and his de scendants took the Weida, title fbr many generations. until some .connec tion with Russia (either by residence or marriage) was the cause of chang ing the title to Reuss. Then tbe family divide*^ up into three branches, headed by the three sons of Henry XVI., and as one branch died of in 1616, there remained the two branches which survive today. Since then the two sister principal ities have gone ou adding rulers to the double dynasty, and as all of them are christened Henry, the comparison has always been embarassing. The head of the elder line rose from a count to be a prince of the empire in 1778, and the head of the younger In 1806. They both joined the Con federation of the Rhine in 1807, and in 1815 the German Confederation. There was a little brush between Reuse, Greiz and the authorities in 1S66. owin^ to its avowed sympathies with Austria, but the offense was expiated by a fine, and this made iittie differ ence to a house which, like its con>> panion,-. «a%> «b4 1%' extremely wealthy. r * ..•Ss to £ay Persons Over 70 Y^ars Old #2 Per Week When In come Was Less Than $180. "Sprtigfieid. --Old age pension legis lation went into the discard in the house after three hours of debate on the subject. Many members spoke against the measure. The lower branch failed to pass Edward J. King's bill, which provided a pension of two dollars a week for persons over sev enty years old whose incomes were less than $150 a year. The fact that the subject has not bean studied and intelligently investigated in the state killed the measure, which was pat terned after the English act. Mr. King moved a postponement when the bill failed to get the required seventy- aeven votes. Seventy-one votes were obtained for the plan. Many members had left before the vote was taken. Dunne Tax Bill to Third Reading. Governor Dunne'* tax commission bill, amended so that its most Intimate friends will have trouble recognizing it was sent to third reading in the house. The measure as amended is practically the bill recommended by the commission named by Charles S. Deneen when governor to study the revenue system of the state. The inquisitorial powers provided in the .original Dunne bill have been strick en from the measure. Michael L. Igoe offered an amend ment for Medlll McCormick providing that all investigations into the admin istration and efficiency of the assess ment laws shall be conducted in the oounty in which such laws are under Investigation. Provisions of the Measure. The amended measure establishes a' tax commission of three members, who are to take the plaoe of the twenty- five members of the state board of equalization elected now, one from each congressional district. The gov ernor is to name the commissioners for a term of Bix years at a salary of $6,000 a year, the chairman to receive $6,000. Section 5, whieh gave the commisison the power to review indi vidual assessments made by boards of review, was stricken out upon motion of Mr. Rothschild. The commission is to exercise general supervision over the administration of the assess ment and tax laws of the state. The worst hurdle for the bill Is ahead on third reading. Fix Adjournment for June Hi Sine die adjournment of the f^oriy- eighth general assembly was set for June 28 in a joint resolution adopted by the senate and sent to the house. This means the actual work of the session will end June 18, or ten days prior to the sine die date. A steady grinil is ahead for the legislators to get the business out of the way by Wednesday, June 18. ^ Not to Curtsll. U. of I. Revenue. Univeristy of Illinois champions in the senate stopped efforts to curtail the revenue for the institution. Jeff F. Tossey of Toledo, Democrat, intro duced a bill intended' to cut the mill tax for the university. It seeks to cut off about $500,000 of the annual revenue. Mr. Tossey wanted the bill advanced to second reading without reference to committee. This failed and the Mil wont to the appropria tions committee, where it Is expected^ to rest, Opposition developed against the elections committee bill (senate bill 6®7) providing for nonpartisan judicial elections. The bill was called up by Senator Barr, who asked that It be advanced to third reading. Senator Cleary objected, saying he was in favor of nonpartisan elections of the judiciary, but declared the bill affect ed only judges In Cook county and justices of the supreme court. Upon a viva voce vote the bill was ordered to third reading, but was later called back to second reading upon request of Senator Canaday, who wanted to be heard on the bill. The Benate killed by striking out the enacting clause senate bill 627, by Mr. Juul, making insanity grounds for divorce. Kill Hay Uniform System Bill. Logan Hay of Springfield was un able to ge the senate to push his bill to establish uniform systems of accounting in downstafe counties. The oommlttee on county and township organisation reported unfavorably on the measure, and Mr. Hay's effort to have the senate override the commit tee report failed. Grain Dealers' Association Meeting. The Illinois Grain Dealers' associa tion held ita twentieth annual conven tion in Chicago June 3 and 4. Tho sessions were held in the Hotel La Salle. Lee G. Metcalf of IlliopoUs, presi dent of the association, delivered his annual address at the afternoon meet ing of the first day of the convention. Thomas Sudduth of Springfield is chairman of the legislative committee, which made a report shortly after the president's address. The complete program was as fol lows : Tuesday, June S, 10:30 a. m. Call to Order--President Lee G. Met» calf, illiopolis. Invocation--Rev. Olin M. Caward* Chicago. Son, ^ Illinois"--Mrs. L. E. Taker, Oak Park. Address of welcome for. Chicago Board of Trade--Edward Andrew, president Chicago Board of Trade. Response for the Association--VICo- President S. C. Taylor, Kankakee. Reading of' minutes of last annual meeting. Secretary's Report--Secretary EL W. Strong, Urbana. Treasurer's Report--Treasurer H. L Baldwin, Decatur. Finance Committee's Report --» George Ritscber, Owaneco. New business. Tuesday, June 3, 1:30 p. m. President's Address--Lee G. Metcalf, Illiopolis. Reports of committees: Arbitration--H. R. Rumsey, chair man, Chicago. Executive--W. L. Shallabarger, chairman, Decatur. , Legislative--Thomas Sudduth, chair, man, Springfield. Claims Department--R. C. Baldwin, chairman, Bloomingtdn. Election of officers. New business. Wednesday, June 4, 10 a. m. • "Crop Improvement"--Bert Ball, sec retary crop improvement commtttee, Cduncil of Grain Exchanges, Chicago. Report of Resolutions Committee-- George D. Montellus, chairman, Piper City. "Some Matters Affecting the Asso ciation from a Legal Standpoint"--W. R. Bach, attorney for the association, Bloomington. "Scale Inspection*'--G. H. Rlkert, Official scale inspector for the associa tion, Bloomington. Next Meeting to La Salle. The fifth annual meeting of the Illinois Association of Assistant Post masters was held In Jacksonville at the Dunlap hotel, with forty delegates in attendance. An election of officers was held. LaSalle was voted aa the meeting place for next year. The of ficers elected follow: President--E. O. Andrews, Belvi- dere (re-elected). First Vice-President--C. B. Roden- berg, East St Louis. Second Vice-President--John X. Milburn, Streator. Third Vlce-Prealdent--C. E. Thomp son, Canton. Secretary and Treasurer--Ruth B. Courtright Normal. Executive Committee--J. W. Har ney, Jacksonville; F. J. Plerard, La Salle; C. N. Tuttle, Streator; Frances Small. Lincoln; John P. Bradford, Pontine. The following oommttteee were ap pointed: Resolutions--C. F. Rodenberg, East St. Louis; W. H. Moore, Bloomington; J. E. Derflnger, Bushnell. Auditing--O. E. Woollng, Montlcel- lo; Robert L. Lacey, Mt Vernon; F. M. Brockway, Watseka. Indian With Tomahawk Plaoed Far m the Rear. I ? CARRIED SIX-SHOOTER Youth Declares Bride's Big Brother** Held a Revolver Instead of Indiaa Father's Tomahawk* but With the Same Results as In Rim. Chicago.--The thrilling adveataien of the hero of the motion pictvra scenario, who becomes entangled la a chain of circumstantial evidence ah# is forced at the point of papa Indian'# tomahawk to marry an Indian squaw* have nothing in the line of thrills ou, the matrimonial experience of Fran cis Flynn, The difference In piirely one of local color, and, anyway, aa Indian with a tomahawk is not halt so dangerous as a brother who own* a saloon and carries a six-shooter. To all of which Hero Francis testified the other day in the bill he brought In the circuit court to obtain the an nulment of his marriage to the erst while Miss Frances O'Shaughneasy, the desperate vlllainess in the case. The plot had its beginning upon a commonplace street of the south sW® Nov. 10, 1910. All unaware of the am bush that had been laid for him, Fran cis that day left his home at 630T Yale avenue, he relates, and saun tered happily down the street H» rounded a corner, and suddenly . hla assailants were about him. Big Broth er O'Shaughneasy, keeper of the sa loon and six-shooter, leaped upon him,, while Sister Frances hissed out tha mysterious words: 'That's him!" Whereupon the burly saloon owner displayed his trusty weapon and, aft* er issuing a hoarse command for si lence, bade the beset̂ hero: "Toann come wit'.me!" . The trail followed by the two ban ditti and their captive led to Crowtt' Point Ind. And the end was not yet "A pretended Justice of the peace," the disgruntled husband recites, "was asked by the brother to marry ma and his sister. There I stood and there stood she, and there stood tb# brother with his hand on the butt of the revolver he was concealing in hia bosom. "I was asked to take the woman to be my wedded wife, and I admitted: that I would, for--for I knew that ft I said anything else I would be shot 1 •Ml •"• - ;§'>•** • - *• %'i vtH i'ii State Sportmen's Association. In the second day's program of erents In the thirty-seventh annual state tournament and shoot of the Illinois State Sportsmen's association in Peoria J. P. Graham of Chicago won the Chicago Board of Trade dia mond badge, together with the state championship title and first money. Three men tied for the prise In the first shoot and an extra shoot of twen- ty targets was ordered. In the shoot- off Graham broke twenty and Voor- hees of Peoria tied at nineteen with T. Hall of Loaml. In the 100-target sweetstakes event In a field of ninety crack shooters, R. B. McGinnis of Loaml, B. Lewis of Auburn tied at a mark of 97 targets. The tie will be shot off Wednesday. At the annual meeting held Wednes day night the following officers were elected: President--A. C. Connor, Spring field. " ' <: >. • ' First Vice-President--Ray Lorlng, Marseillse. Second Vice-President--Dan Voor- hees, Peoria. - Secretary-TreAsnter-^-H. C Woods, State Bsnkers Meet Group of the Illinois State Bankers' association met at the Elks' club In Pana, with 160 delegates present L. A. Goddard of Chicago, T. E. Burkhold- er, Chicago, and B. R. Hleronymus of Springfield addressed the association. An automobile tour over the city was followed by a banquet at Hotel .Francis. ^ The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President T. F. Chamberlain, Macoupin county; vice-president, Guy P. Lewis, Macon county; secretary-treasurer, H. B. Herrlck, Montgomery county. Execu tive Council--James M. Barrluger, Montgomery county; H. R. Woodcock, Macon; E. R. Wright Christian; W. A. 8teele, Moultrie; O. W. Walker, Shelby; J. D. Metcalf. Macoupin. Mem ber of Executive Council of State, three years, J. E. Reese, Pana; vice- president State association, E. G. Fos ter, Tower HH1. Bankers of group five of the Illinois Bankers' association, composed of nine counties In central Illinois, elect ed the following officers at the close of their two-day session In Blooming ton. President, Stewart Duncan, La Salle; vice-president James Hackett Bloomington; secretary-treasurer, Ed ward Herr, Chatsworth. James Ennir, Chicago, discussed ne gotiable Instrument law. J. D. Phillips of Green Valley also delivered the principal address. He spoke In favor of * scientific agriculture as an essen tial to prosperity and favored progres sive methods in farming. "Yovee Come Wlf Mai" Complete Flans for Cost Cong "A Business Congress for Business Printers" is the slogan of the officers of the cost congress of the printers of Illinois to be held at the Leland hotel, Springfield, June 13-T4. Printers from all parts of the state have signi fied their intentions of attending. The delegates will be welcomed by Gov. Edward F. Dunne and Mayor John S. Schnepp. The annual meeting last year was held at Peoria and was largely at tended. , The attendance this year promises to be a record breaker. down like a dog--like a dog," aad I dramatic plot was made completa. Flynn states that his age at lis time of the marriage was less tlMtt the legal one. for marriage without* the consent of his parents. Ha de clares that he was forced "at tha point of the deadly weapon" to par- jure himself as to his age. Ha alto declares that since his marriage ba and Mrs. Flynn have not lhrod to gether. The young woman and h«r; alleged bloodthirsty brother •womnd content with tho mere mock mony. » Just what motives underlaid the plot on the part of the brother aad sister have not been given ant It Is believed, however, that should tha public demand a seque!, a motive aa highly breathless with interest as tha' climax Itself will be gladly furnished* . .Av' Sift:: 1 Many Psss^Bxsmlnatloa. The Illinois state civil service com mission gave out the following lists of those who had passed the civil service examination: For guard, female--Myra A. Henden son, Chicago state hospital. Dunning; Mrs. Ethel V. Sheets, Mt Vernon; Hannah McNlchols, Chicago' state hos pital, Dunning; Mary C. 8ullivan, Chi cago; Mrs. Nora Putman, Browns, R. F. D.; Mrs. Ira O. Glllett, Joliet; Mra Mary P. Steen, Dlvernon; Mrs Emm» E. Lowry, Kankakee state hospital, Kankakee; Mrs. F, J. Grear, Dunnl!^. CAT AND BATTLER BATTU5 . First Snake Story of Seaeen CosalB' >'1.^ From California Vouched for " by Woman. ^ ' Bernardino, CaL -- Tha "• * snake story of the season comes froaa , Vlctorville, where it is related thai at the home of Mrs. Anna Hayes a: big torn cat had a battle with a giant rattler and came off victorious by not only killing the snake, but also at» the viper's head, poison sacks and a|̂ and is still alive and healthy. The cat discovered the reptile fck the bedroom of the Hayes home an* gave It battle, the attack lasting for several minutes before his snakeshl» was finally conquered, when Sir Thomas dragged It proudly from tha ' room and laid the remains at the feet of his mistress, who promptly procss# od to faint Curfew for Coke Town B*b*et. f5 Connellsville, Pa.--Police Chief H<ft> . sel of Connellsville. Pa^ has Issued order against the taking of babies and gocarts Into the crowded streets oa Saturday nights. 'rh*n-« have many, accidents to the baby cairtagan and the police have been nnrtji %* handle the traffic. The order ba» raised an uproar, the townspeople de claring there is no statate wfciofc gives the police tha right to 1MW bies rrom the street Ghoat liMMl m* : -