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EXTENSIVE EPIDEMIC OF H06 CHOLERA W- «T Hi y 5j» V?-' t «*jr ft-',3 £••<&•*•' V v: !%: ^ - •»•' 0*?$. £'•'••"% W.' J"i •& $**' ; W-'* ViK" Wi I: £•-- ; <# | r • "• * N^V'I ?V»* iy the UttM fttatea &*pert- n>«nt of Agriculture.) _ The country is pasting through. the third serious epidemic of hog cholera of the past SO years, according to the department of agriculture. The Aral period reached its climax in ISM to 1887, whan the loss atpouated to about 134 par 1,000 head in one year. The second outbreak devoioped in 13$4, and reached its climax in 1896 to 1897, wher losses Amounted to 144 per 1,000 head. The present ex­ tensive epidemic of hog cholera began to be serious in 1911; during the ten prior years the loss of swine ranged from 46 to 58 per 1,000 per year; in 1911 it Jumped to 89, then to 110 in 1912, and to 119 last year, about 90 par cent of which may be attributed to cholera. It has thoroughly ravaged the heart of the hog-producing belt' during the year Just past In the state of Iowa alone, losses amounted to nearly 1,800,000 swine, over a fourth of the ontire number iu the state. In many counties over half were lost, and tat some totnsUp* over nine- tentha. The losses of swine from disease •re estimated by the department at lift to every 1,000'hog* in the country, which exceeds last year's heavy loss of 110 per 1,000, and the average year­ ly loss in the preceding ten years of ^4.9 per 1,000. Probably more 90 per cent of the loss was from cholera. The percentage of loss ap­ plied to the estimated number of hogs oh January 1 indicates a total loss of 7,005,0#0 head, which, at $10.40, the value per head on January 1, indi­ cates a loss of $73,000,000. The aver­ age weight of a hog on the farm is about 150 pounds, therefore more than one billion pounds of hog meat were destroyed by disease, mostly cholera. A. oillion pounds live weight produce* nearly 800,000.000 pounds of dressed meat and ?wd. This amount would be sufficient to furnish every family of the United States (average four and a half persons) about 40 pounds. If there had been no such loss, probably increasing scarcity of meat would have been largely prevented. The losses of swine from disease are usually heaviest in southern state* and lightest in northern states. Esti­ mates of losses have been kept for 30 years. The states showing the heaviest average yearly loss in these 30 years are, in their order, Arkansas, 119 per 1,000; Louisiana, 110; Florida, 109; the states showing the lightest losses are Maine, 19; Wyoming, 19; New Hampshire, 22. In Georgia the average is 94, in Alabama and Missis­ sippi, each 92; in Texas, 86; whereas, in New York the average is 2$, in Michigan, 34; in Minnesota, 46; in North Dakota, 81, an<Lin Washington and Oregon, 26. The epidemic has abated somewhat in the past year, as compared with the preceding year, in most southern states, but has increased greatly in the northern states. Thus, in Florida the loss has decreased from 170 per 1,000 in 1912 to 160 in 1913; in Geor­ gia, from 165 to 90; in Alabama, from 110 to 100; in Mississippi, from 164 to 104; in Kentucky, from 95 to 90; in. Missouri, from 175 to 90; whereas in Iowa the loss has Increased from 160 per 1,000 in 1912 to 255 per 1,000 in 1913; in Minnesota, from 55 to 214; in Nebraska, from 110 to 175; in South Dakota, from 38 to 230, and in North Dakota, from 20 to 75. The tendency of the three epidemics appears to have been, in a general way, to move ss a wave from South and Eait to North and West. CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD DRAG Dialled Instructions and Illustration divan for Making Implement to ' Improve Highways. Moot n good yellow pine, ash, or oak plank 2 Inches thick, 12 inches wide, and 14 feet long. Cut this in two at an angle so that one edge of each piece is 7 feet and 9 inches long and the other edge la 6 feet and 6 Inches long. Spike to the back and along the center of each of these planks a 2 by 6-inch piece, which re­ inforces the plank. Bore the holes for the cross s«*kes about 26 Inches apart and 4 inches from each end with a \ Plan of Road Drag. 2%-inch anger, using care to keep tho auger perpendicular to the plank. The 2 by 4-inch brace at the front end should start from the middle of the rear plank and drop to the bottom part of the front plank. The blade," which is generally made of stock cut­ ter steel, should be given the proper cutting slope by placing a wedge- shaped strip between it and the plank. One end of the chain is fastened to a cross stake and the other passes through a hole in the plank and is held in position by a pin. EYESORE ON ORCHARD TREES Silken Webs Filled With Caterpillars Should Be Cut Out and Burned With Kerosene. || k JBy l^TAN BENTHUY8KN.) There is no greater eyesore in ccur try surroundings than the silken webs filled with dark-colored, white-haired caterpillars which abound on the trees of orchard and lawn. Those should not be confounded with the tent caterpillar, which abounds In early summer. They are jthe larvae of a moth which flies at night, and varies in color from pure white to white thickly studded with brown spots. r The moths emerge in MayofJune from pupae which have passed the winter under loose soil and rubbish at the foot of the tree. The eggs are placed in clusters near the tips of the branches. On hatching, the process of web-building and eating begins, and soon a large (duster mmj be formed. Cut the neeta and burn with kero­ sene, or spray with arsenltes, using sufficient force to penetrate the web. Crop of Cowpeaa. Oorwpeas may he sown broadcast, using from 4 to 6 pecks per acre. The seed varies somewhat in sise, there­ fore the "amount to use varies accord­ ingly. The peas are cut and cured about the same as clover or alfalfa hay. It is a common pr&ctjpe to let the cow- peas remain in the swath from 24 to 36 hours before raking and cooking. It is the practise of some to tun a tedder over the field .as socp sui tho npper leaves have wilted. OBSTIPATION IN THE HORSE Many Thousands of Dollars Lost tt> Farmers From Cause That Might Be Easily Prevented.' (By OBOROE H. GLQVHR, Colorado' Ag­ ricultural College.) Judging by t!he number of oases *f fatal obstruction, to the bowels in horses that come to the notice of the veterinarians of the Colorado Agricul­ tural college, there must be many thousands of dollars lost to farmers every year from this cause. And thia is a condition that might easily be prevented. In the winter time the roughage is dry and succulence must be provided. A horse with good teeth and fed al­ falfa, timothy, bluestem, or other well- cured hays, combined with grain and plenty of water, will seldom be af­ fected frith impacted intestines, but a ration of straw, or bleached alfalfa stems picked up in the fields, com­ bined with a low vitality, cold, poor teeth, and only snow or otherwise a limited amount of water, will furnish conditions which make fatal obstruc­ tion of the bowels possible. < The poorer the feed the more an ani­ mal must eat, and a ration of straw or poor quality of hay, does not furnish sufficient nutriment to make it po» sible for a horse to eat enough to sup port lffe. He eats inordinate quan­ tities of this highly Indigestible food which produces distention, atony and finally paralysis of the bowels. Most of these cases cannot be treated successfully but prevention is easy. After all, it does not pay to keep animals unless one knows how and is willing to care for them from the day they are born. SPRAY TO PREVENT DISEASE Rot of Tomatoes May Be Avoided If Egordesux Is Used--Dlsordsr EJK courajed by Weather. TWs disease often attacks p!r**ts that are not sprayed. It is first notice­ able as small, black or brown spots on tho leaves and stems of the plants, occurring first on the lower and old­ er leaves; bujt with favorable weather it spreads rapidly till the plant is de­ foliated, and the spots on the stemo have coalesced igto irregular, blackish patches. If a, piece of bark with these Spots be examined under a high-power mi* croscope, innumerable, small, crescent shaped bodies may be seen. These are the fruiting spores of the fungus. Spray with bordeaux. Value of Corn Husks. Corn husks, if they are not dry, tire just as valuable for feed as the stalk or leaves of the plant. However, if the corn is left to mature thoroughly and the corn husks get very ripe and dry, they are of little value. MuctT-bf the starch and sugar is then turned to woody fiber and they are %o dry and ripe that they are very unpalatable and oontaln a large amount of fiber. Examine the Ewes. BSvery ewe should ba examined twice each dey to ascertain whether the lambs take all the milk, or wheth­ er they use only oft? sid$ of the udder. If there Is a surplus, it sUcuM be re­ moved in order to keep the udder from cakir.g. ft •will be wiso examine the udder of «nh euro three days. . >r V 'y ; REPTILES HIGH CUSS IRK Pupils Hunt for"Sn§kes in tiie Woods for Use in the Zoolog­ ical ClassroonL v, GIRLS ARE FEARLESS Humane Officer Called by Protest From a Chicago Suburb Finds No Evidenee of Cruelty---Develop Their Nerve. Chicago.--The association of high school girls and snakes has for some time been a source of disturbance in La Grange, HI. This agitation the other day took the'form of & protest to George A. H. Scott &f the Illinois Humane society, charging that the glrlB were cruel to the snakes. "WhatI" exclaimed Mr. Scott. "How can girls be cruel to snakes when few will go near them? Woman's cruelty to man--but never to snakes--" But Officer Charles H. Brayne of the Humane society took the next train for La Grange At the high school he was Bhown into Miss Babcock-'s room. She teaches the zoology class, in which there are ten girls and six boys. All acknowledged their "association'* With snakes. "The girls are developing their nerve---by handling snakes," said Miss Babcock. "Once a week the class goes "snaking' in the large woods, west of the school. That is, they hunt for snakes under fallen logs and stumps. The fearless ones pull the reptiles from their hiding places and carry them to the glass cages in the class Mom for future study. "Indeed, we are not cruel,** said the teacher. "We handle the snakes gently and we are studying to be humane. We are trying to preserve the harmless snakes by studying them, their move­ ments and habits, and then letting them go again in the woods. The poisonous snakes we shtin." To convince Officer Brayne the clans was anything but cruel to the toads and snakes used In the classroom, they took him out "snaking" in the -woods. "The girls picked, up the snakes and wound them about their necks and arms," said Mr. Brayne. "There was no evidence of fear among the girls. But the boys hesitated when they came across a large snake. They ap­ peared more nervous in handling the reptiles than did the girls." Miss Babcock assured the humane officer that the girls had become so ac­ customed to handling the reptiles and toads that such a thing as a mouse was unnoticed. One girl they called Miss Williams walked back to the building with two There Was No Evidence of Fear- snakes wound about her ankles and with a necklaoe and bracelets of live reptiles. She placed them in the case In the classroom with an air of victory over fear. The humane offloer returned and marked "No evidence of cruelty" on his report, James ("Happy") Havana and Rob ert Graves were playing tennis in the school court when Evangeline Unger came stealing out with her hands be­ hind her. "Hello," she called;' "want some fudge?" "O, please," answered "Happy," giv­ ing his racquet a fling. The boys saun­ tered over to meet the girls and held out their hand'? c^^octantly. "Stop! Quit! Get away!" The girl held out two green, wriggling snakes and made a rush. The boys fell over themselves In getting away. W0UD-BE SUICIDE WEAKENS West Virginian Chains Himself to Tree to Starve, But Changes His Mind. Big Stone Chip, W. Va.--John Guy- don changed his mind about commit­ ting suicide after starting out to starve himself to death. In the moun­ tain a few miles from here Guydon bought a trace chain, hammer, pad­ lock and key and, going to a secluded spot, chained himself to a tree. To the root of the tree he nailed one end of the trace chain and formed a loop at the other which he placed around his neck. After Socking the loop he threw away the hammer and key and then lay down to die. Two hours later he became hungry and decided he wanted to live. He yelled for help and afte; four hours he was heard and relea&pd. He lost no time in getting homo and attacking a meal. Automoblllst Runs Over Father. Orangetown, N. Y.--Going back to pick up a victim whom his automo­ bile had run down, Leon K. Page dis­ covered that the injured rpfisx, wJ lag broken, was Mi fiths^J AN INEXPENSIVE SMALL FARIH HOUSE With the idea of . helping farmers to construct Inexpensive and more con­ venient homes, either for their own use or for tenants, or for the fam­ ily of the hired man, specialists in the employ of -the government are preparing a series of plans. This is the result of the belief that the farm house is the most important build­ ing on the farm, and that money, if! judiciously expended in its planning and constru<ftion, is well invested. In many cases at present farm houses are inconsistent in cost with the value of the farm and the lack of improve­ ments in them too often is in striking contrast with the outbuildings and farming machinery. The objects sought in giving out the suggestions and plans by the gov* eminent, are to provide structures Reasonable In cost and of good ma­ terial, and so arranged as to give, for the money spent, the maximum in health, comfort and happiness to the family and added convenience to the housewife in her domestic operations. Endeavor has been made also to pro­ vide good lines and pleasing propor­ tions, which are essentials to genu­ ine beauty in all structures and are the result of skillful designing rather than of additional material and labor. The cost of erecting a house of four rooms, need not be more than $SOO or $1,000 on farms convenient to reason­ able markets for building nAiterials and to which cost of actual delivery is not excessive. Cash outlay for con­ struction necessarily varies consider­ ably in different sections, owing to difference in cost of materials and labor. One plan in the series of houses, Is a simple, four-cornered structure, without bay windows, gables and domes, or any projection save the oor- nice, which overhangs and protects the waljB and window openings. The house is planned tor the smallest di­ mensions and the most Inexpensive ar- Very few residences of any size or cost have a kitchen more pleasantly located, better lighted and ventilated, and more conveniently arranged than this little four-room house. It opens on to a screened porch,' which in summer 1b the most livable hook in the house. - Besides the usual kitchen work, the ironing and wash­ ing may be done here. The one screen door locks up the house, and the butter, meat and milk, put on the porch to cool at night, will be secure against dogs and cats. The porch will be in demand, also, as a dining porch, sitting porch or sleeping porch. The stove in the kitchen is well lighted' and is within six feet of the most distant fixture in the kitchen and but little farther from the dining table. The ashes drop from the fire­ box of the stove, through a short pipe, to the ash bin beneath the concrete floor. The bin is under the stove and fireplace and extends to the outer foundation wall of the kitchen. A trap or dump, like that in the fire­ place, is provided for floor sweepings and dust from the coal or wood box. It is in the concrete floor, behind the kitchen door. The fuel box, support- i tug the table top, occupies space which might otherwise be wasted. It is filled from the outside of the house and emptied from the inside through a small door over the concrete floor. Cistern water may be drawn from a bucket pump on the porch, oV, if de­ sired, from a pitcher pump at the sink. The sink has a drainpipe, an inexpensive necessity. Th6 living room- is large enough for the longest dining table that harvest days will - require, and with its two routes to the, kitchen, 1b very conven­ ient for feeding a large number Of workmen. With triple windows on the south and two on the north, a screened porch on the east, and an alcove bedroom on the west, it is as pleasant a dining and sitting room as ffl IW'-M butter Lobby's lightly together. If-® "tel •'?!? Kirn m f -WNtm .wis A beautiful four-room house, which can b« built for 91,000 or less. rasgement consistent with the needs ttnd the convenience of a small family! |t has but one chimney and but one outside entrance. Little details effect the sise of rooms and of the building, and there­ fore the cost. They are sometimes, and of necessity, influenced more by economy than by convenience; but by careful study they may often be made oonsistent with both." It is economical, for instance, to have but one outside entrance to this house. With this entrance nearest the barns and the entrance from' the highway and treated with the simple and inexpen­ sive pergola and benches, which sepa­ rate the lawn and back yard, it should serve every purpose of a front door and also a kitchen door. In many 10 or 12-room farmhouses with three to four outside doors only one door is much used, and that one ip either in or near the kitchen. Notwithstanding the simplicity and playhouse appearance of the. building suggested, it provides more usable space for the daily activities of the: family than many much larger houses. It is more convenient for a small family, more comfortable, more healthful and delightful than many farm houses costing twice as much. a $5,000 can afford, and with a glow­ ing flre in tho hearth, it may be as comfortable and as cheerful In winter as a steam-heated mansion. A Rare, Rare Man. William H. Hamby, short story writer and novelist, is a great lover of folks and makes friendB with all sorts and conditions of men. One day while on an outing in the Ozarks he got a hill billy who was something of a character to accompany him on a fishing excursion in order to study the type. The two men spent the day in the woods together and returned to camp old friends and then Mr. Hamby learned that he was not the only one on the expedition who had been study­ ing his companion. As tfjey shook hands In parting the hill billy said; "I taken a likin' to yuh, but yuh shore be the queerest man I ever see. I've noticed you all day, an' yuh ain't took a drink, yuh ain't took a smoke and yuh ain't cussed onct!"--Kansas City. Star. j., , Sounds .That Way. Patience--She has a pretty mouth. Patrice--A mere incident. . "Yes, but one which is never closed." s Would Not Be Recognized. "Oh, dear me!" wailed a tenement mother, happening upon a sympathetic neighbor. "I'm in such trouble! My little Willie's got himself lost" "Well, don't worry," consoled the neighbor. "He'll soon be found. Ev­ erybody about the place knows him." "But not today, I'm fearing. You see, he's just been washed." Just ss Good. "Have you any 5-cent cigars?" asked the man. "No," replied the druggist, "but we have something just* as good. Here's a 10-cent cigar." MAKE BIQ MONEY LIB KHUWII » >nvr aZ hr n.c or „ „ planatoryTentaaientwiiliKotes A T ciitJ 'ikiiGtEontaryinoi:evolume. Aait>rcan: Version. The win pneof l<s kind Initio werid. ErarjM "* ' ' itmf.. , r ewwL RsctoMv* *j>KTlUirj,\ Secure your territory U. body Tr&Tita It, Beautiful full -page aatbeitieiftli " - • -- co air UlcetratiooB. Imported Morocco blndlcg stikaewi RscloMv* t**rlUirv " one® before ltUUtkea. THOMAS NELSON & Bible Pnblfebers tot over co Tears 181 DEPT. €, Fourth AT«. New YorkCHgl MAKING Can be made profitable if the right kind of machinery isusedj WK HAKE THK RIGHT KISOv Send for catalogue. Established 1872. BOOMER A BOSCHCRT PRESS C<W SI WMt Water St., Syracuse, M. T. Catarrhal Fever S to 8 doses often cure. . On* 50-cent bottle SI'OHIHJ f~*-- Safe for any mare, horse or colt. Doien bottles 15. Get It of troggtsta, harness dealers or •fenafactnrers, express paid. SFOllN'S la the beat prrrenUve of all forms of distemper. 1 SPOHN MEDICAL. CO, f Chemists a»4BMterlolozlaU,Qu«h*ii,IiML,17.g,Aa I SCORED ONE 0I( HIS RIVAL Brown Had Overlooked Leap Year and Jones Was Quick to Mark the Point^ , •MW "• 1 Irving Fletcher, the wnsH-lraown ad­ vertising expert, said at an advertis­ ing men's dinner at Delmonico's in New York: * "A good advertisement never lies. It never deceives. For it can only pay by making life patrons, not tran­ sient ones. "A good advertisenfent never lies, but it states its case as strongly as possible, and it avails itself of every point, however slight. There it is like young Jones. - "Young Jones proposed at Lake* wood to a pretty girl, but she-said un­ certainly, swinging her slim foot in and out of her slashed skirt: "'I like you, Mr. Jones. But, then, I like Mr. Brown, too. And Mr. Brown Is so devoted. He says he thinks of me 365 days in the year.' "'Huh!' snorted young Jones, con­ temptuously. 'He wants a day off every four years, does he? Well, I hope you're not taken in by aur such One-horse dfevotlon as that.'" • Her Explanation. "Uncle Henk" Eamhart, member of congress from Indiana, tells of a young man from out his way who met a young woman he had not seen for many years. "I thought you were dead," was thf young man's greeting. "No." insisted the girl, "hut fm married." J. ' ' >' "To whom?" " 4 "Oh. some Englishman." Pets and Broken Hearfk. The dog of Mistral, the Provencal po e t , d i e d t h e d a y a f t e r M i s t r a l ' s r e - » - • Y cent death. It is a fairly commons thing for dogs, cats, canaries and otlU , er pets to die a few days or even1 4 hours after their masters. But do# ^ they die of grief? It is not likely. \ ; | A Manayunk physician examined 7^ the corpse of a canary that had suo^J-^y^ei cumbed with its little mistress. The ' - >2^ canary's death, the examinationf ) J\ showed, was due not to a broken hearty but to scarlet fever, the malady t» . ;%. SI w h i c h i t s l i t t l e m i s t r e s s h a d h e r s e l f f ~ ^ | | | succu mbed. ; • j|j| From this and from kindred poatr mortems it is surmised that pets, wfcesj V, ."*•$& they die simultaneously with theS , owners, have become infected wiU£:..<, the disease that carried their ownem > off--mea6les, diphtheria, typhoid. That ^ death-from-grief story is pretty, but* -'I " ^ alSfc.lt won't wash. • ?* * .everything In a Name. ^'. "3 \ l| 'Gadsby--What will you ttaoke new paper? v Writer--The Plugtown Harp of 4. Thousand Strings with Steam Calliope > ^ Interlude and Journalistic Short Stop, Oadsby--Heavens* what a name!! vJ Why do you have such a complicated 'tf© title? ' ' Writer--To avoid damages In libel1 suits. The attorneys will all blunder 2® vl in the indictments and quashed.; T wiv; i " And po Nothing. The world Is full of people whov keep Insisting "that something ought to be done.--The Pelican. A good bluff makes more noise thin great riches. Their First ' Breakfast If s a wise bride that doesn't attempt too much for that breakfast L" ^ She can escape cooking in a hot kitchen, avoid rich, greasy foods, and have a good breakfast just the same, by serving ' 2? I* .. • - W h . . , • ,• :v;v •iW.ajv-v Vi • f t . fc rmm \ •;;wsr $ &m -M •' !>• K & •24^.. • *&•" -V '•? i ^ '"ft? ' Toastfe choicest bits of Indian Corn perfectly cooked, delicately flavoured, rolled paper-thin and toasted to a criŝ T appetizing brown. This food comes in tightly sealed packages* ready for instant serving with cream sugar--also delicious with fresk-berries. < Light, wholesome, nutritious and temptingly good for the "first breakfast" an^$i6 c0iuttt* will follow-- . $c!d~f>y Grocers everywhere ̂