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MIIENRY PLAINDEALER. MHENRY, ILL. I J. P far* £v-..'•'!; 1 • • : >:V g^'. i Y~-:i ri.i'•-.•»•• •iSN • * -Sfe »•- ' : m-U^rn > .,;, -i- ' i •' '•:. :':-' »/ • " IbW1** ;'•?!,> A' • v^;-: ..^-.)V:."^:' ^3^.*: !f,'t ;;,:->v•'171% J*"/?" .^•• 'ti;:-, -';v '^:'v' - GUNNERS ARE TRXINFf) .. ~ iYv §&*= yjr^r S ' 0̂̂ Ji Wt';? • llu fc,<- ' .2 f&T- 9fr* ri. SbiS#:k Y it tigkiti ifte ^aboard guns that the security of the nation will depend should an enemy succeed in crippling our far-flung line, $he navy, and drive our dreadnaughts to the cover *of the harbors and the protection of the heavy rifles and mortars of the army. The question is, can these seaboard batteries hold a foe at bay? On our continental shores we have a total of 26 coast defense commands, and 21 of these are located upon the Atlantic littoral. But even though there are fewer stations on the Pa­ cific coast, still those are very formidable. With­ out considering weapons of eight-inch caliber and under, we already have mounted a total upon our two shores of 372 12-inch mortars, 105 12-inch rifles, and 132 10-inch heavy guns. The strength of the personnel of the coast artillery» according to the latest figures, is 758 officers and '*"?•£• >"' fi flff SM,: *•• V 3 j. f /4f« W-c ' i vO- •• W' SCT %• ,f. • "•%'i V m A'--r J .• Jc ' 17,901 enlisted men. This is a shortage of sol­ diers of 1,420 agreeably to the force authorized by law, and this is an Intimation of the extreme­ ly heAvy work that the men would have to face in case of hostilities, because we are minus a \itally necessary reserve. The average layman has but the slightest knowledge of the extremely technical character of the Coast Artillery corps, and to be proficient these soldiers receive a diany-sided education. Theirs is the task of getting the advantage of the enemy before the foe can locate the position of our guns and mortars, and the whole system of defense is the exact opposite of the way* In which a hostile squadron would approach its ag­ gressive task. From the very beginning of the planning of our, existing seaboard batteries the idea of conceal­ ment was the first concern. The mortars were designed to be hidden away in pits--each of them holding four of these weapons'. The heavy rifles were not to be. in plain sight, with their threatening muzzles peering over the crests of parapets. Instead, the disappearing carriage WM invented for a mount. These gave the rifles the power to crouch while loading or awaiting serv­ ice, and then, when the moment for action ar­ rived, to spring up suddenly from behind their embrasures, to fire directly at the foe, and by the force of their own recoil to sink from view and into position for reloading. How is it possible for weapons of this sort to be aimed at their targets? It is commonly known that in naval servicd the guns are held upon their quarry by means of electrically operated mechanisms that swing and elevate the rifles so that the cross hairs of the telescopic sights .can be kept right on a moving target even though the sea be rough and the vessel roll. The gun pointers are undisturbed by thia motion, and at 12,000 yards and more are able to do some won­ derful shooting, $ut the gun pointers and train­ ers in the mortar pits and the emplacements of the big rifles do not, themselves, see the enemy. Yet despite this seeming handicap still they are able to do some extraordinarily effective work. The army gun pointers near New York, with 10-lnch disappearing rifles, have been able to lire four shots In a total elapsed time of less than one minute, and these were concentrated upon A target four miles away being towed at the rate of something over five miles an hour. All four shots struck the target and actually passed through a rectangle 24 feet high by 53 feet long. At 4,600 yards the same caliber guns at Fortress Monroe scored six hits out of six shots at a mov­ ing target. The total elapsed time of the firing was slightly over two minutes, the batteries scor­ ing 1.4 hits per gun per minute. The science of surveying has made these achievements possible, even though, as has been said, the guns and mortars must be trained and elevated by men who cannot see their targets. It is a well-known theorem in plane geometry that the length of the two sides of a triangle may be found if the length of the base and the degree of the two angles formed by the sides in question with this base are known. In the case of the Kit*- s / /• / *#V limSmM - \ coast artillery problem the distant ship of the foe is at the remote tip of the Imaginary triangle, and the known base is the span between two ob­ serving or"range-flnding. stations. This interval may be a mile or more and, within some limits, the longer the better for accuracy. Many have seen from afar at our coast defense stations what seemed to be big bird boxes mounted upon towering tukular supports or web- work of steel. There are always two of them, and officially they are known as the primary and secondary range stations. In each of them, in time of service, there are at least two men. One turns by means of a delicately graduated mechanism a powerful telescope from right to left, and his function is to keep the moving tar­ get continually at the point of Intersection of two cross hairs in the field of hia instrument. His companion reads off at prescribed intervals the angle made by the telescope with the per­ manent base and the far away foe. The same thing is being done at the other range station at the opposite end of the base. A time bell rings at each of these stations ovary 20 seconds, and at the third stroke the man read­ ing the angular scale telephones, that measure­ ment to the plotting room located where the enemy cannot see it and itself in telephoaic communication with each gun or mortar division. In the plotting room a group of men make use of the information coming to them intermittently -from the range-finding towers and by a graphic process determine with great nicety the distance off of the steaming foe. The plotting table or board where the information from the observers is applied is a big somlcircular affair--the curved edge being graduated to fractions of a degree, while the straight edge or diameter represents on a definite scale the length of the base line between the two spotter towers. At each end of this base line is a pivoted ruler. One is called the primary and the other the secondary--corre­ sponding to the range-finding station with which Its operator is in touch by telephone. Here is what follows: The soldiers at the primary and secondary pivoted rulers or arms bring the free ends to­ ward one another In accordance with the sepa­ rate angles telephoned to them. A third man operates another ruler called the gun arm, which measures the distance or range of the axis of this triangle. At the word of command from the range officer the observers at the two telescopes bring these powerful instruments to bear in unison upon a chosen part of the remote ship. At the order "Take," the scale readers telephone the figures to the operators at the plotting board. In a few seconds the man in charge there haa placed on a large sheet of paper a dot at the point where the two straight edges meet and has marked this pencilled point No. 1. Again, 20 seconds later, another dot is made where the shifting straight edges meet, and this is numbered 2. Similarly positions are-thus re­ corded for No. 3 and No, 4, and if the distance between these dots is uniform the plotters know that the target is moving at a steady speed and the path dots gives a visible, trace of the direc­ tion in which the foe is advancing. As yet none of the weapons has been pointed, nor, If mortars are to be used, even been loaded. The plotters marks upon his paper a fifth point ahead and in line with the four other dots. This > is his "predicted point" where the enemy vessel should be a minute later. In this interval of time it is necessary for the men in the plotting room to do a number of things necessary to make it possible for the weapons to score a hit. The mere range is not enough to know. Let us as­ sume that the foe is to be attacked by meanB of mortars and that the projectiles are to soar thousands of feet into the air upon their long flight that may take the better part of two minutes before plunging upon the vulnerable decks of the hostile dreadnaught. It is needful to know how long the shells will be in the air at that range: how far the target will move during the flight of the missiles: how much the path of the projectiles will be influ­ enced by drift due to their own rotation and the effect of the prevailing wind: the exact powder charge that will be needed to propel the shellB-- this being determined by the range and the state of the atmosphere: and Anally, how much ahead the mortars must be aimed in order to allow for these factors. These complications are due to the method of indirect fire employed, and in this particular the mortars are not so accurate as the big rifles and, therefore, are more difficult to handle in order to insure good results. The final point set in the plotting room is No. 6 and two minutes further along than No. 5, the "predicted point," the latter being verified by the angles given by the .observers at the spotter statlpns when the vessel ts duly reported at the proper moment. All of this has taken longer to describe than actual performance calls for, because the error factors which have been just mentioned are tabu- elated and are quickly worked out graphically by means of cunningly devised apparatus. It must be evident that in an interval of four minutes h big ship 12,000 or 16.000 yards off would not gel measurably closer, and once the proper range is found and the mortars loaded the shifting range is quickly verified and the guns set accordingly. The men in the towers and those in the plot­ ting room are at work all the while. At definite intervals the Instructions are sent by telephone from the plotting room to each battery or mortar pit,, and lest these vocal directions be misunder­ stood the figures and orders are visibly repro­ duced. For this work the telautograph is em­ ployed, and thus words and numbers in writing check the telephone calls. As has been said, there are four mortars in each pit. and as a general thing there are four of these pits at each defense station. In other words, R Balvo of IC high explosive shells can be launched by indirect fire at a foe. If but two of these hit the enemy she would either be destroyed or gravely damaged, because none of her decks would be able to withstand such an assault. In practice the performances of such a battery have been splendid. As a matter of rec­ ord, one mortar company has fired as many as ten shots in 6 minutes 49 seconds, and in that in­ terval made six hits, while another company has scored eight times out of ten shots during a span of 9 minutes 28 seconds. These mortar projectiles weigh from 800 to 1,000 pounds, aud are charged with from 30 to 60 pounds of high explosive. For the disappearing guns the modus operandi differs in ^ome particulars. The time of flight of the shot is far shorter than In the case of the mortar shell, the powder charge is not varied to suit different ranges, and the state of the atmos­ phere is not a deciding factor. Therefore, cor­ rections are more easily made, for the rifle, when it does fire, is pointed right at its target. The principal concern of the battery commander is to know the range, and this is telephoned and reproduced by the telautograph at the firing sta­ tions. The battel^ commander also follows the enemy ship with a telescopic range finder that employs^ a short vertical instead of a horizontal base. This serves as a check and at each gun there is a tele­ scopic sight which is functioned Independent of the weapon--the operator looking over the para­ pet and following continually the moving quarry. By swinging his telescope horizontally he causes the lateral angle to be indicated sit the gun sta­ tion below, and there the trainer swings the weapon in unison and the elevator raises the muzzle agreeably to Instructions from the range- tinders. When the rifles have been loaded and the mo­ ment for action arrives these great war dogs rise upon their steel haunches and thrust their muzzles above the heavy, parapets of concrete. Instantly there IB a thunderous boom--the speed­ ing projectiles are on their murderouB mission. Before the thin veil of smoke has been swept aside the guns have sunk behind cover, and but for the momentary flashing of their muzzles there is nothing to show the spotters on the hostile craft where the attacking guns lie. HER EQUIPMENT. "That girl la fishing for a husband." "Then I suppose she uses a beauline In bones of a good catch." ^ AFTER ,21 60 YEARS' HOLIDAY C. Chase, Eighty-Five, Goer Back HI;'" to Scenes of Early Success In .3*%? •• tha Gold Fields. ^ lAle spectacle of an old man, eighty - ' flye years of age, fitting himself out "V. aa a prospector and taking his blan- kets into the hills after sixty years' v!\ - vacation from the same sort of work, proved interesting to the residents of this old mining camp, says a .Forest (CaJL) dispatch cident more interesting was the fact that the prospector is a wealthy man and has no need for any more of this world's goods. The stranger is James C. Chase, who mined in the headwater of Jim Crow canyon in the early '50s. and who took out enough to enable him to live in comfort among his rela­ tives ever since. He took his "pile"' and later in­ vested in the rich apple district In Washington, and recently came to VY&at made the to- i CaJlfo-nia to visit thtf f?ir. ' The call of his early life rang in his ears and he could not resist the temptation to cover the ground where he made his fortune in his younger years. ( Chase was not so successful in his first day's panning as he was in the '50s. but was delighted when he found color in his pan. "I think I could show some of you old miners & trick in this business yet," satd Chase to som$ of the men wno have been min­ ing here with indifferent success for years. The old 19an does not look more than sixty and says he can stand camping as well as any man of any age. There are few in this old mining town who really remember the old man as the youngster of twenty-five who made a good "clean-up" and left here in 1S55, Rathet* Opposed. "Actors have is queer «ay of han­ dling the language." •* "How's that?" "When a show comes' to a good stand they call it a run." fS:s ALCOHOL- 3 PER CENT. AVegciai>ie Pa'paialioaJ&rAs- siniilatingtlie food #nd Regula­ ting the StoHiachsand Bowels of INFANTS CHILDRFN Children Cry FOP m Promotes Digestion,Cheerful­ ness /md Rest.Contains neither Opium.Mivrphine nor Mineral, Nor NARCOTIC. Mtc^e af(M Dr.SAMEL flfWaJt AlX » _ . Sctfat* t WinitpftwiM rfaivr> A pried Remedy forConsTIpa^ tion. Sour Stomach.Diarrhoea, Worms. Fevcrishness and Loss OF SLEEP* Vbc -Simile Signature of THE Ckntaur comwrf} YORK. What is CASTORIA OMttoria is a harmless substitute for Castor Oil, FaiQ » fOfic, Drops and Soothing- Symps. It is pleasant. It £ contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Karcutio imbalance. Its a^e is its guarantee. It destroys Worms and allays Feverishness. For more than thirtv years tt bas been in cosastant use for the relief of Constipation. Flatulency, "Wind Colic, all Teething Troubles and Diarrhoea. It regulates the Stomach and Bowels* ! assimilates the Food, giving- healthy and natural Til® Ciiiidroirs jr&nacea-- The Mother's Friend* GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAY£§ Bears the Signature of At 6 month*, old J j D O S K S J j C t . N T N Cxact Copy of Wrapper 3 In Use For Over 30 Years The Kind You Have Always Bought TM« OINTAUR OOMMNV, NIW V,RN Ctlfr. Ten-Dollar Look. Bigson--How well you're looking this morning, Jigson! * •- Jigson--Yes; I never looked betteV in my life. I'm looking for a man who owes me ten dollars. DON'T LET GRAY HAIRS Make You Look Old. Restore Natural Color by This Guaranteed Method. Thiil hnmrtoufldark,natural hnlryou •o much desire is wlthlu your reach--ea»il.v, in­ expensively. Simply jro to your UrugrplM and pet a bottle of Hay's Hair Health. When applied to gray lialr it causes the air to bringr back the original youthful color. Absolutely harmless. Keei s new pray hairs from showing- Imjtarxs life, lustre and beauty; removes <l:iiulrufT; cleanses ami tones scalp. No one will know yon are iisinir ant thin|r. Druggist returns price if i* fails. Soc, 50c and $1.00 at drug stores or direct on receipt of priceandilealer'snume. PhiloHay Specialties Co., Newark, N. J. Adv. Beyond Human Possibility. The monarch summoned General Slammenberg, who had just crowned his record with the capture of 962.- 438 prisoners, 107% guns aid two practical sides of beef. "You have already .received the Zincr Triangle," said the monarch, "and I have conferred on you the order of the Purple Gondola and the Singing Squirrel. Can you suggest any fur­ ther honor that our grateful nation can bestow upon you"'" The general's eye was moifV "Only one. your majesty." he re­ plied. "When the folks at hoiho name a cigar after me, see that it is some­ thing better than a five-center." But the monarch stared hopelessly Into the gloaming. He knew that the old warrior had asked the Impossible. Safe Retreat. "Yassah. 1 liken dis jail!" cheerfully said a colored citizen who was in durance vile. "I sho' likes it tine! De lookout fum dat winder dar am ele­ gant and de bars acrost it adds to its 'traction. Inside it's as comfortable an;) cozy as--" ^ "Look here! in tyf w$r|d are >u In for ? Bigaqiysab. '£oo« *ot three you wives. Getting Ti "I take off my bat to tlfo iirilr eorr* spondent." v "Why so?" "He has written a column descrip­ tive of scenes at -the front without once saying the btfe guns 'spoW' " A DOCTOR'S EXPERIENCE Medicine Not Needed in This Caao. It is hard "to convince some people that coffee does them an injury! They iay their bad feelings to almost every cause but the true and unsuspected one. But the doctor knows. His wide ex­ perience has proven to him that, to some systems, coffee is an insidious poison that undermines the health. Ask him if coffee is a cause of con­ stipation, stomach and nervous trou­ bles. "1 have been a coffee drinker all my life, and when taken sick two years ago with nervous prostration, the doc­ tor said that my nervous system was broken down and that 1 would have to five up coffee. "I got so weak and shaky I could not work, and reading an advertise­ ment of Postum I asked my grocer if he had any of It. He said, 'Yes,' and that he used it in his family and it was all it claimed to be. "So I quit coffee and commenced to use Postum steadily, and in about two weeks I could sleep better and get up in the morning feeling fresh. In about two months I oegan to gam flesh. 1 weighed only 146 pounds when i com­ menced on Postum and now I weigh 167 and feel better than 1 did at 20 years of age. "I am working every day and sleep well at night. My two children were coffee drinkers, but they have not drank any since Postum came into the house, and are far more healthy than they were before." Name given oy Postum Co.. Battle Creek, Mich. Postum comes in two forms: Postum Cereal--the original form- must be well boiled. 16c and 25c pack­ ages. Instant Postum--a soluble powder-- dissolves quickly In a cup of hot war ter, and. with cream and sugar, makes a delicious beverage instantly. 30c and «>0c tins. Both kinds are equally delicious and cost about the'same per cup. "There s a Season ' tor Postum. --sold by Grocers. And some jokes are aolemu e&OUffh to make an undertaker gfiiu f When all others fail to pleftM Try Oenison't Coffee. No Mote in His Eye. "What are you studying »owt" asked Mrs. Johnson. "We have taken up the' subject 4)f molecules," answered her son. "1 hope you will be very attentive and practice constantly," said the mother. "I tried to get your father to wear one, but he could not keep it in bis eye."--Kansas City Star. PROVEN SWAMP-ROOT AIDS WEAK KIDNEYS The symptoms of kidney and bladder troubles are often very distressing and leave the system in a run-down condition. The kidneys seem to suffer most, as al­ most every victim complains of lame back and urinary troubles which should not be neglected, as these danger signala often lead to dangerous kidney troubles. Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Root which soon heals and strengthens the kidneys is a aplendid kidney, liver and bladder remedy, and, being an herbal compound, has a gen­ tle healing effect on the kidneys, which is almost immediately noticed in most caaes by those who use it. A trial will convince anyone who may be in need of it. Better get a bottle from your nearest dtug store, and start treat­ ment at once. However, if you wish first to teat this great preparation send ten <vnts to Dr. Kilmer & Co., Binghamton, N. Y., for a sample bottle When writiag be aura and mention thia^paper.--Adv. " Just as Much Fun. "Vanessa is resourceful. Ten men at the hotel and not one of them abi4 to teach her to swim." "Well?" "So she gives them lessons." ' Warners Safe Kidney and Liver Remedy is a medicine of great value la tb«' treatment of various diseases of the' kidneys, as has been demonstrated, during a period of over 36 years. This safe and de­ pendable remedy is sold in two sizes, 50c and $1.00, at your druggist, or direct postpaid on receipt of price. SAFE Varacr'i Sale Iwifci C*. BscfcMtsr. M. T. BUCK LEG PREVEKffSi LOSSES SURELY by Cuttsr's Bl«ekl«f Nil t-- i priced. IraA. reliitta: prefatnd If . Western stockmen. Meanse mff '• •rotMt «thw« *th«- vaaalaM ML ; Write for booklet and twtlnmllfc : 10-doM pk|«. Blaakiaa Pills pkw. Sla«U«« Mis 4JS Us* any Injector, but Cottar's bariL ; • - v« ' mm Tb« auperlerlty of Cutter product* la do* to mra of apaci&llzlni In vaaataas aa* aartiM aaty. lasbt on Cuttar'i. If unobtainable, ordar dlnet. The Cutter Laboratory, BarfctUy. Cal., or Chiias^ U . 0.- 4 .1? HAIR BAt A toilet praparmsioH of i He 1 pa to eradicate dud For Real ml-- Color and _ Beauty te Grey or Fedwi Hair, lOe. and It.00 itDraaMa t; -i'4 I --t Bay's 6--d Hii bwJwSrtJS1' V i ra'SE-S;, v? our pru'erf ou l-'ieid aud Poultry Fences. Oil. bss thv BWIGGINS WIRE FENCE CO.. Isisnss. WW I' ; ' ' W. N. U., CHICAGO, NO. 41-191& ' Awarded Medal of Honor aad Gold M«UI Warm and Happy The NEW PERFECTION Hester Is an agreeable source of comfort to grown people--bet it is a positive necessity when there are children in the house. You„can't let the baby shiver and take cold. With the NEW PERFECTION to take off the chill mornings and eve­ nings, and to dry out dampness, you can delay starting winter fires until real cold weather begins. With everyone warm and nappy, free from colds developed from lowered vitality, there is no need of a furnace. The NEW PERFECTION is the greatest comfort you can install in your home, an aia to good health, a means to economy, the cleanest heat you can use. Easy to care ton ready by i • match; burns 10 honrs on « Ion of oil; can't smoke. No i to re-wick because wick and carrier are combined -- the fresh wick all ready to put in, clean, smooth and ready to light. For b*st rtsuilt KM Perfection Oil. At the Panama-Pacific Exposition the manv points of superiority of the NEW PERFECTION line won a medal of honor, while a Gold Medal was awarded the NEW PERFEC­ TION Heater--a sweeping victory. Your dealer has the NEW PER- FBCTION Oil Heater on exhibition. Look for the triangle for warmth, comfort and good cheer He will be elad to show you tbe different models. nk <• • STANDARD OIL COMPANY (iB&ua), CHICAGO,USA. 10c Worth of (3 Will Clear $1.00 Worth of Land * I' H v.fr' raps and grow big crops on clearea land. Now is the time to clean up your farm while products bring high prices. Blasting is quickest, cheapest and easiest with Low Freez­ ing Du Pont Explosives. They work in col<4 •Weather. " WriffmrFwm flb. WT, and name of nemeMt daatmr. DU PONT POWDER COMPANY WILMINGTON DELAWAHI .-<!»••• ••••i., '•X *1 ifV>\ • • * - r \ • '• i • '•**'