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Jt/ UlAf I CTflU 57 VV«; i R ' ^ , •.." <* i *•i * , • ^• * *4,V,; ffe4- jte&jazz? arG&<&jE&m<&&z2yr J® <&Jf-PĴ LrCZ7GIf90I>aifflia OF ^S£» ' SXr" ' APARTFROMWORLD DWELLERS IN ARCTIC _.,Ummeci.UD?O CIRCLE •?.:. rcazr&R&J, wqrel *v?i Z y % W:\:'£ During ibe last twelve!: months the American ccftib helped her master makife three and a half billion" dollars-- Old Bossy is a tegular gold mine when given proper treatment" By ROBERT H, MOULTON. I HE value of the products of the American dairy cow Is greater than the value of all the metal- lie minerals produced, such as g<^d, silver, copper, lead, rlnc, pig iron, etc. It is also larger than the total value"of the non- metallic minerals, namely, bi­ tuminous coal, Pennsylvania an­ thracite, petroleum, natural gas, brick clay and cement. Milk production of the United States for 1915 was 11,590,000.000 gal­ lons, or an average production1, of 537 gallons per cow. This production is equivalent to about 115 gallons per capita population of the country. At an average price of 20 cents per gallon, the year's production of milk is valued at about $2,320,000,000 to the farmers. On January V 1916, there were estimated to be 21,988,000 dairy cows in the United States, valued approximately at $53.90 per head, of an aggregate grand total valuation of $1,185,119,000 for all milch cows. The United States exported 9,850,705 pounds of butter, valued at $2,392,480 during 1915. Americans are great consumers of butter, and r early more than 1.800,000,000 pounds is manu­ factured in this country, a large proportion of which Is made at the farm home. The rural cream- %. eries have proved a big factor in farming business, and form the center of marketing operations. The 1( valuation of butter made in factories approxi- mated more than $182,000,000 last year, while this season gives every indication of reaching the $200,- 000,000 mark. Farmers are finding that co-opera­ tive effort in the manufacture of butter obtains a. higher market for them. The ioss made in butter on farms bos been tre- „ mendous. Dairy experts, by actual investigations, , - calculate that of the annual $i»2,UOU,OUO product, ou the basis of 80 cents per pound for butter at the local market, the annual loss averages between two and five cents per pound, or from $30,000,000 to $80,000,000, due to the careless methods em­ ployed on the average farm. This great item of loss would save enough in a year almost to buy a moderate-priced automobile for every farmer not today owning one. The increased high cost of dairy feeds has de­ manded that the dairy farmer become a specialist In cow rations. The profitable production of milk >n a dairy farm involves two very difficult prob­ lems: The formation of a herd that will give in the milk pail liberal returns for the cost of feed and care, and caring for the milk to keep it tn the best marketable condition. It was found several years ago that two or three cows might be large producers while the remainder of a herd of a doxen cows would possibly fall to give sufficient milk to •U!l pay their board bill. This fact has caused the* if organisation of uie community cow-testing usso- ciatious in various parts of the country, this work saving as its object the calculation of the indl- rtdual cow's production. By the aid of the Bab- cock testing apparatus, modern dairymen place f||< their cows on record, giving due credit for butter- fat produced. This work has built up one of the specialised features of present-day farm- supplying cities with milk and In meeting the grow- ing demands of such centers with pure milk. Chl- cago alone consumes 1,000,000,000 quarts of tnilk * annually, while thousands of cans of condensed " milk and pasteurized milk are used for breakfast. Milk is shipped from farms as far as 300 miles away, reaching the city in time for breakfast the r next morning. Because of the immense demand, for milk, the necessity of having if of the highest quality and the need for an "economical method of collection and distribution, great milk com­ panies were formed several years ago, which erected milk-collecting stations in Illinois and ad­ joining states, along the railroads, where milk is received for shipment. The milk thus received direct from the farmers is handled in the -best pos­ sible manner, shipped in 40-quart cans, by the oar- loud. The "milk train" is one of the common phases of all railroads connecting with a large American city today. The task of supplying great cities with milk ha* bccoine a highly specialised industry. The process of gathering, transporting and distributing the fresh milk supply of a large city is one of the, complex tasks confronting those who provide the country's daily food. The entire milk production of the country must be cared for every day. Fresh ^ milk is the only product that must quickly come to the consumer. It cannot be stored when there is a flood of it and carried over until there is a short­ age, although modern refrigeration has served to solve a part of this problem. Today's supply uiust meet tomorrow's demand. When one realizes that the city of Chicago must have 5,000,000 pounds of milk daily, it is easily understood that prompt conversion of this product into money is no small task. The changes tn the geographic distribution of the population of the United States. In the centers of agricultural pro­ duction, and in the methods of transportation have had a marked influence on the localization of the dairy industry. In early days the dairy farmer supplied demands within a restricted area, but the development of railroads and refrigeration has had considerable effect on the character of the In­ dustry In its centralization. Milk has been a food and drink for young and . old ever since prehistoric times, and the rertson for this Is that milk is one of the most desirable of human foods. It remained for modern analytical processes to prove that milk is the cheapest and most valuable of food products, especially when compared with meat. The department of agricul­ ture has discovered that for 25 cents worth ot a given product, milk is a more valuable food than meat. The grim words employed by the South Carolina board of health, "A fly In the milk may moan a baby In the grave," have gone over the land and left their impression upon the minds of fanners and milk consumers. Files bear germs, and a sin­ gle germ In a milk bottle breeds a deadly million in a few hours. Too often during the last GO years we have read of epidemics of typhoid and similar diseases being traced directly to a contam­ inated milk supply. Of all human foods, possibly nose is more ffuc- ceptlble tu contamination than milk, particularly In hot weather when in the months of June. July and August, the babies of the country die by the thousands. Diseases of the digestive organs cause 40 per cent of the deaths in many cities. Cow's ? 'milk Is the exclusive food for a great majority of the American children up to the time they are one year old, and It Is the chief food of practically all children from the age of one to five. The.white- ness and opaqueness of milk serve as a covering and shelter for insoluble substances. jscffisr SWC& coy& * and in some Instances 18 days, after being bottled following a summer Journey of 3,000 and 4,000 miles. This merely serves to illustrate what milk consumers may expect for the future piiVe products. American cheese, of which the exports decreased from nearly 150,000,000 pounds In 1881 to less than 2,500,000 in 1914, is again finding Its way to for­ eign markets in rapidly increasing amounts. For the last half of 1914, 2,500,000 pounds were ex­ ported. while January saw some 3.000.000 pounds shipped to foreign countries, and February 7,500,- 000, so that the aggregate for the first three months of 1915 amounted to 13.000,000 pounds. The demand for ice cream has been a great ben­ efit to the dairy Industry by the absorption of the milk surplus. Millions of gallons of Ice cream are manufactured from artificial Ingredients, due to lack ofN dairy products to meet the growing de­ mand for this toothsome and refreshing article. Nevertheless, nearly 18.000,000 gallons of ice cream are annually manufactured from creaiu and, milk. This branch of the dairy Industry has achieved its greatest growth, during the last de­ cade, owing to the increased number of summer re­ sorts and parks. The Ice cream factories of the United States an­ nually demand 30,000.000 gallons, or 250,0<»0,000 pounds, of cream; 250,000,000 pounds of whole milk, and 15,000,000 gnllons of condensed milk. Taking 14 cents as the' average price paid for each gallon of milk, ice cream factories each year pay the, enormous sum of $32,000,000 to farmers for raw materials. The Ice cream when retailed brings a price of $160,000,000, standing foremost among the popular luxuries of the day in the United States. THE APPLE A8 MEDICINE. A modern scoffer has recently asked whether It would be possible that Eve yielded to the ^erpent because he told her that apples were good for the complexion. Whether this argument was needed or not, there is no question that it Is a true one. Nothing in all our varied and fascinat­ ing range of fruits holds quite the same quality as the apple. A raw, ripe apple at its best is digested in minutes, and the malic acid which gives it its distinctive character stimulates the liver, assists digestion and neutralizes much noxious matter which, if not eliminated, produces eruptions of the skin. "They do not satisfy like potatoes," some people, to whom they have been recommend­ ed as food, have said, but the starch of the po­ tato, added to the surplus of starch we are always eating, renders it undesirable as an article of too frequent consumption. ALL CLIMATES AT ONCE. The supply department of the Panama canal organization has been endeavoring to develop a supply of fresh vegetables that would not have to be shipped in cold storage, as is necessary with those sent from the United States. A colony of Spanish-Americans haB recently taken up the cul­ tivation of vegetables on the slopes of the volcano Irazu. The gardens begin at an elevation of 5.000 feet, where tropical fruits are raised and end at an elevation of about 7,000 feet, where the more delicate fruits of the temperate zone are raised. The soil is a porous loam of volcanic ash, 15 feet In depth and very rich. Shipments have already been begun by a weekly steamer, and if more satisfactory transportation can be arranged, these gardens will be able to supply the Canal Zone With a large quantity of fresh vegetable and fruits.--Christian Herald. a*. £•'** • . *..- Know Nothing of What Transpires yond the Narrow Limits of Their Territory--Warfars ̂ jjj^ 3£V4'j Thing Undreamed Of. • j • - • ' V . ' V ' : . ' % v v Battle history halts at the arctle circle. Beyond that human life is so difficult to sustain that its willful waste is unthinkable. The Lapps and Samoyeds of arctic Russia, like the Es­ kimos of North America and Green* land, are so often compelled In times of dearth and famine to sacrifice their aged weaklings that this form of deatli has become a vague religion and so­ cial principle with them. The armies of the great white czar, like those of the king-emperor, are not recruited in such distant places; in­ deed, the men are of such monger stature and intellect that a military training is next to impossible--cer­ tainly not a thing to be thought of in the days of a great campaign, Pear­ son's Weekly observes. The population of arctic Russia, both In Asia and In Europe, outside the of­ ficial and mercantile classes, contains few elements which are truly Slavonic, but in' the minds of Insular Britons the reputation of arctic dwellers pertains to all the people living in Siberia, which Is always portrayed as a land of ice and snow and unhealthy marsh. • The Siberian battalions, which have won so great a fame in the Russian campaigns, are drawn mainly from t*rri»f>rjr as near the equator as Great ^Britain. It Is undeniable that their winters ore terribly severe, but In the hot summer crops of the utmost value can be sown, ripened and harvested. It is not impossible to lead a robust life in the Siberia of military Russia. The real natives of the Arctic can, endure hunger and fatigue--can march in their own fashion through hurri­ cane and blizzard--but their value is rather to the explorer of the inhospi­ table North than to the soldier. As hunters they are wonderfully clever, yet they are curiously formal In ad­ ministering the coup de grace.' They wilF apologize to the fierce white bear which they have corpered before advancing to a close uttnek with bone-tipped arrows and spears, a duel In which the odds seem decisively on the bear's destroying the man. They are therefore not cowards In any sense, and few British sportsmen would risk their lives against "bear and wolf and walrus protected only by futile weap­ ons and their own personal dexterity. How goes the news of war to these arctic dwellers? Most casunlly and slowly, without a doubt. There are colonies in the fro­ zen North which have not yet heard nf the Rnsso-Jnpanese war, and cer­ tainly have no knowledge of the pres­ ent war. They are free from national duties and taxation, and their intercourse, even with fur traders of blood alien to their own, Is meager Indeed. There are dialects spoken by these tribes which have never been interpreted and never reduced to writing, and their Ideas of the great world outside the tundras and steppes are very crude. A generation may pass before the story of the grand duke's great cam­ paign filters north, and even then it will be Incomprehensible to persons to whom a crowd of even a hundred human beings would be a marvel. Now and again a strtyr whaler or explor­ ing ship comes within sight of the shore camps, and a little barter by means of signs Is carried on, but the Inland dwellers have not even this communication with the jtslde world. The theory that ck II !k possesses long-keep- to* A great and Intricate problem Is Involved in ing qualities has been found true with certified milk. Instances are on record where certified iniik has been taken on an ocean voyage and not only brought back in good condition, but also kept sweet until 30 days old. When your milk is sour after a few hours, it is certain that it is not clean milk. A number of certified milk dairies In the Cnlted States sent exhibits of milk to the Paris exhibition In 1900. and the milk kept sweet for two weeks. ACTIVITIES OF WOMEN. Naarly All the work on the Paria newspapers is now being done by women. There are over 2,500 woman stock herders and raisers in the United States. In addition to over 1,000 postwomen employed betere the war. the British postal department has added over 2,000 more to act as temporary post- women while tho war ia in progress. 'Vf CONDENSATIONS flfotland now has 124 agricultural £ Si co-operative trading societies. 'd . At the last turvey there were 417 ocean cables in the world, repreaent- f- lng $235,492 miles. The Chinese government made a . profit last year on its telegraph lines ;^F«f nearly *1,000,000. • i Hiking 475 miles from Washington V • to get a Job, a man carried his bed . • with him in a cart. He got a job In ,. Bridgeport, "'* V 4r/ Quickly adjusted molds for concrete Steps have been patented by a Mis­ souri inventor. The invention of the cravenetting process for waterproofing textiles was the result of an accident In an Eng­ lish dye works. A Tennessee boy, competing for a prize, collected 13,276 old tin cans from the alleys of the town in 24 working hours. He got the prize. - In northern India sheep are used os beasts of burden. They carry a ing more than five per cent of its dry lead of 20 pounds eacfc. Baby coaches can be made to serve as cradles by the invention of detach­ able rockers. France has 25,471 miles of railway and yearly uses 6,000,000 wooden ties. By an electrical refining process a plant In Norway Is producing 6,000 tons of zinc annually. To safeguard painters' health a Brit­ ish commission has recommended a law prohibiting the Importation, sale or use of any paint material contain- r WORTH KN0WIN& ; * Much of the glittering material used at present for dress decoration is high­ ly inflammable. New Yorkers drink 800.000.000 quarts of milk each year, less than half a pint & day pe? person, and eat $5,000,000 worth of cereals, conned goods more than $150,000,000. and 750.000.000 pounds of potatoes costing $15,000,- 000. Other vegetables and fruits co?f $£.000,000, and $10,000,01*1 is %p; ut t<r ' For Pleaaure and; War. As an indirect result of the valu­ able service rendered by power boats during the conflict abroud, some little attention has been aroused lb this country to the advisability of organiz­ ing a "mosquito fleet" for mine patrol and scouting duties. A plan contem­ plating the registration of all pleasure craft of this kind, so that they might be available for service in an event of war, has even been proposed. Of late, however, another step has been taken In this direction which is particularly significant and interesting. According to Popular Mechanics Magazine. sevT era I Easterners are having "scout boats" built for their private use. These have been designed by naval architects, and are not merely suit­ able, but in part equipped, for naval purposes,' and would be practically ready for immediate use if necessity should ev<er require that they be turned over to the navy department. War Brings Autos t* Crow Indiana. The British are anxious to secure good horses for use In the present war, and they are buying large num­ bers from the Crow Indians. The Crows are the wealthiest of the northern Indian tribes and their horses are the best The British are paying good prices to the tribe, each horse fetching $150. It has become quite a craze to spend the money thus obtained in buying motor cars. Even the poorest Crow g»o»56»»e5 from tea to twfc!?® horses. At the first opportunity he sells these and buys a car. During the Boer war the British army purchased thousands of the In­ dian ponies. The animals were light, but strong, and capable of great en­ durance. With the money from their ponies, the Crows Invested in thor­ oughbred stallions and mares, finally possessing a remarkably fine strain. eacM. . weight .of a .soluble lead cmnpouad.; fteeaa^«rer an all-wi •Safe ^ jI, '•X- ' '1 - ' A t£L: 4-.* ' * i Measaget $1 a Word. The Society Islands,4 far away In the $ou£h seas, now have a wireless com­ munication with the outer world, a radio station having been opened by the French government on the island of Tahiti last winter. Communication with tne United States will be by way of Samoa and New Zeaiuuu, and thencc by cable to San Francisco. It Is expected that the cost of messages to the United States will exceed $1 a word. Later on it is hoped p reduce this more than half by sduding the messggw vkefen nmtt. *„ The Backward Lovsr. "I'm a-tliink'ng 1 shall 'list, and go and help fight the enemy, Widow Kelly," said'young Regan, who was a bashful suitor for tho widow's -band. "Faith, th?n. It's a poor soger you*l) make." •' "What do you mean?" "Oh. nothln. Only a than who keeps on calling me a wlddfr for years without pluck enough to spake his mind hasn't the ma)rin' of a soger in him."--Rebnhnth Snndav FTernM. Regretful Memories. What has become of the otd-f(|rit* ioned , cuts? i *:-'*• •-.v y . i - w W « a . v , : i v - • It's awfully hard for the atemgs man to look in a mirror and belle** > he was once a cute baby. "1 Nothing Is calculated to jar girl like the inascnline" attentions stowed upon another girl who homely. Don't Poison Baby.,#s F ORTY YEARS AGO almost every mother thought her child mtxst liftVB PAREGORIC or laudanum to make it sleep. These drugs will Bleep, and a FEW DROPS TOO MANY will produce the FROM WHICH THERE IS NO WAKING. Many are the children have been killed or whose health has been ruined for life by paregoric, U nuia and morphine, each of which is a narcotic product of opium. Druggist# are prohibited from celling either of the narcotics named to children at au, sir to anybody without labelling them "poison," The definition of "narcotic* is: "A medicine which teres pain and produces sleep, but which in poiaon^ duit doses produces stupor, coma, convulsions and death." The taste and . .'emell of medicines containing opium are disguised, and sold under the nazneS of " Drops," " Cordials," " Soothing Syrups, etc. You should not permit, any medicine to be given to your children without you or your phyittfiian looosp of what it Is composed. CASTORIA DOES NOT CONTAIN NARCOTICS, if it bears t'ue signature of Chas. H. Fletcher Clcni&ine Castoria always bears tbe signature of mi: •H Costly. >"I hope you'll make a good Jub of this portrait," remarked the multimil­ lionaire. "Remember, it's costing me In the neighborhood of ten thousaud dollars." "I beg pardon,** said the artist. "My price Is only a thousand dollars." "Yes, yes, I know that. But think of all the valuable time I have to tspend posing for you." When saying "No",ft Is notvneces- aary to think long before you speak. The curiosity of others enables torn* men to make a good thing. THE HUH QOAUTY SEWItl MACRfRf NE^HQME HOT SOLD ORDER ANT OTHIR IAM1 Write for free book!et"Pointstobeconskltl*dWfaa» purchasing a Sewine Midline." Lmiu fsttS- m NEW HOME SEWING MACHINEC0..0RAN6E,I Kill All Flies! P--dmywhft.Patey rty KHHr ilhuli --IIIM Sht. Naat. data. ornUMntal. nTniii--t. ai Am, UitadHMkikk m&SSr Daisy Fly KHtor _________ N"'lll'H,« | "•asstme. mini »1 •» HAROLD SOMERS, 160 D«Kalk Av» Bfooktyo,M. V. WANTED 30,000 MEN For Harvest Work Western Canada Immehse crops; wages $3.00 per day and Board. Cheap railway rates from boundary points. Employment bureaus at Winnipeg, Regina, North Portal, Saskatoon, Fort Frances* Kingsgate, B- C., Coutts and Calgary, Alberta. . I f o C o n s c r i p t i o n -- * 'i * f Absolutely Mo Military Intorformnom 0 For all particulars apply to >412.112 f • Aiou St.. Oop, i&; i.f. iciaSk. Canadian Government Aetata Ordering Meals by Telephone. A cafe In PlaInfield, N. J., has In- Stalled a unique system for the con­ venience of Its diners. Whether the plan will eventually be welcomed by the dining public has still to-be proved, but It has the merits of Ingenuity and novelty. Each table In this enterpris­ ing cafe Is connected directly wltu the kitchen and the head chef by means of a telephone. The fastidious diner, in­ stead of trusting the fine points ot his order to a mere waiter, tells them di­ rectly Into the ear of the chef. Thus he can have his steak cooked to the exact turn he likes and get exactly the proper number of drops o( aaauua- ing In the sauces. The Vegetarian. A senior pupil teacher, who was not­ ed* for his dllutory habits and slovenly appearance, was one day Instructing his class In the art of economy. "Boys," he said, extending his not over-clean Angers In the direction of the class--"boys, in addition to heing a total abstainer and nonsuioker, 1 am a vegetnriun. Now, Johnny Brown, tell me, what Is a vegetarian?" "If you pleuse, sir," answered John­ ny Brown, glancing toward the extend­ ed fingers, "It must be a man who don't use soap!"--New York Tele­ graph. Half the world doesn't stop to con- atder that it is none of Its busineaa how the other half lives. Ribbon "Whits Elephant.1* ® : Three yards of silk ribbon are tin latest contribution to the conscience fund. And thereby a great problem as to how to coyer the value into the United States treasury has arisen. The contribtulon seems something* of a white elephant, the Washington Star says. Probnbly the ribbon will - be sold to the highest bidder, at public auetloa nnd the amount realized covered into the treasury. The value of the ribbon cannot be judged and the prospective amount of the credit to the consciw)0* fund cannot be estimated. Tbc rib­ bon Is about four inches wide, vari­ colored and of exquisite heavy qual­ ity. . The envelope containing nie ribbon WHS postmarked Paterson, N. J, was no message inclosed, the pacfCage being addressed simply to "The Con­ science Fund, Washington. D. O." It ia presumed that the jrlbboo itself smuggled in and la now sur Ceramics, Blink--He thinks ceramics ttl t£0t» Ish hobby. ; ' Blank--Yet I've seen him deep In Ms cups many and many a tiaie.--lown TopktfL - ' • • A wife can be loyal* to her bBStMUSd and still nag him occasionally. V The fool's money's the wise uaa$| game. % "" "'.Mi '• vj.' * <?> nfe Three Word« To Your Grocer-- "New Post Toasties will bring a package of breakfast flakes with a delicioua new corn flavour--flakes that don't mush down when * milk or cream is added, nor are they "chaffy** in the package like the ordinary kind. j These New Po*t Toasties are manufactured By a new process using quick, intense heat which raises tiny bubbles over each flake, the distinguishing character­ istic. And the new process also brings out a new corn flavour, never tasted in corn flakes of the part. J ̂ Tiv a handful dry--they're good this waywltm^ lest will reveal their superior flavour. But they'it usually served with milk or cream. , ^ New Post loasnes • fee tomorrow's Sold by Grocers everywhere.