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v ~ * » j ; ^ " - v & ' - f . » " ' • Y * r - ^ V : " • C 4 1 ' ti'fi.! ,'fe •<-V 7* v.- yc.-^-y •-?/,; **-C- -* ^; THE MrfhENRT rT.AIXDEATETt, McHEXRf. Iti. 3 vr : - " ~ -Tsm-*;-< ' \ ?FW& ^ , f ^ A > *- V- ,. i-v-*-,-.T:^-; Ti • f" vyi'M * % fj* ». * "* •.>:*' ill5 SkHS1- t-A £'?• if'_"" fS •->*'• in f he Schools Prof. Wilson Gill pro­ poses to prepare ouifr native and foreigrf born children for ths duties of self-govern­ ment so that we mj have a nation hon­ estly and efficiently and justly conducted 'jmj.y'" HE presence of large numbers of foreign workers in ninny parts of the United States-- persons who do not understand our laws, our language, our forms of government In city, state and nation--Is full of danger for. the country. The lack of interest in civic affairs by a large proportion of our own educated* American popu- latlon is another big danger, taken especially In relation to the presence here of the outsiders, i Many of the industrial towns and cities in New England and In other parts of the country have populations almost half foreign. There is fre­ quent rioting with attendant loss of lives and de­ struction of property, ^he spirit of mob lawless­ ness of this sort seems to be spreading In many communities. On the other hand, we find dishonest govern­ ment--plain graft, lax administration of law, rep­ resentative officials who do not represent the mafes of taxpayers--in practically every city and state In America. Many agencies have sought jthe cause of this state of affairs and are hunting a* remedy. The chief cause of the.forelgn unrest and law­ lessness appears to be ignorance. Only a very small percentage of the rough labor which has come to us from-Europe can speak or understand the language of the country. Practically none has any idea whatever of our laws, our standard of living, our governmental methods. v And the great cause of dishonesty in govern­ ment in our towns, cities and states appears to be the indifference of the great mass of intelligent, J prosperous American citizens to what goes on '* right under their noses. They don't take the trou­ ble to vote. They don't take the trouble to par­ ticipate in primaries and conventions and see to it that good men are nominated for office. They leave it all to the politicians, who are in the gov- „ ernlng business--so called--not because of their • fitness to administer laws, spenJ public money, ; deal out justice, etc., for the good of the com­ munity, but stricfly and purely for what they can get out of it. Just graft for themselves and their friends. ... Civic training In Schools. *r $MI- recent' article in the Philadelphia Public tfe^ger, Prof. Wilson L. Gill, wlio was put in change of the school system of Cuba during the American occupation of that island after the Span­ ish-American war, offers a single remedy for both these dangers to the peace and happiness and well-being of the United States. "Educate," he says. "Build citizens by giving them civic training in the schools. Beginning with the tots In the primary grades, teach the boys and girls how their school, their town, their county, their state, their nntion is conducted. Teach them to vote and decide the little problems of their dally lives in the schoolroom by methods em­ ployed in government. "Make each schoolroom, for instance, a little town. Let the pupils under the teacher's super­ vision elect a mayo/ from among their number * and have all the othtrs compose a board of coun- cilmen. Put up to them problems of school, town, county, state, national management, to be de­ cided on the principles of justice and the safety and well-being of the majority. "A proper appeal must be made to the pupils," I*rofessor Gill says, "and they must be enlisted heartily. "This is easily done, for we have good material to work with. Nearly -all boys and girls are essen­ tially good. This is true, even if, by reason of an unfortunate environment, a child hus developed some very bad* habits, even those oV. dishonesty. If the appeal Is properly made to them, they can ' 1 'm. missozrjy. GizjM. JBL BATTLE AND BREAD •HIP'S BAKER TELLS OP KXP«. ftlCNCE IN JUTLAND FIGHT. "Fifth--Missionary work to arouse a popular de­ mand for citizenship training in schools and to in* duce school authorities, state legislatures and the 'United States congress to do their part In this cause. The Right Method. "Since citizenship and government are matters of action, as well as of knowledge, the method of teaching them must be the'laboratory method, by which the pupil learns how to do a thing by doing it. In this respect citizenship is like swimming, which must be learned by practice in swimming; or carpentry, which must be learned by working under the direction of a carpenter. Citizenship mmtt be learned by performing the right actions of citizenship and by maintaining the right spirit of citizenship, as well as by learning academically the facts of the subject. "The first essential of a correct plan for teach­ ing American citizenship Is that it shall be In ac­ cord with the Spirit of American institutions, which Is expressed by the Golden Rule, in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, of the United States. For instance, it must as­ sure equal rights and Justice to all, and, of course, must not give special privileges or estab­ lish class distinctions, as in ancient Rome ami Greece, strong traces of which still remain in our own country. "The second essential is that so far as the school government is developed, It shall be rea­ sonably parallel with some correct form of Ameri- be counted on definitely to stand for that which is can government among adults, and give no wrong honest, fair and square,' clean, generous and right Teacher's Part of the Plan, . "Personal and printed assistance m.ist be given to therh for carrying on their government In the spirit of American institutions and in accord With correct civic forms, to maintain order and develop co-operation and efficiency for every good purpose. They must be shown how to solve the problems of their dally intercourse, and, as their teachers help them to become independent in solving the prob­ lems arithmetic, so their teachers must help them to become Independent in solving their dally problems of social and civic relations. The teach­ er's part in the use of this laboratory method of moral and civic training is the same as in mathe­ matics. The teacher's authority and responsibility in both cases are to encourage and help the pupils to keep np enthusiasm, to become independent and judicial In thought and to arrive at clear-cut decisions. At th*t point the old educational proc­ ess, as In mathematics, ends, but in this new laboratory work dealing with the actual practical problems of daily moral and civic life, there is another most important step, which Is Immediately to put these decisions Into execution and to co­ operate for % good of all. "What is needed for introducing democracy in schools? "First--The right ^method--there is one, the laboratory tnethod, and there cannot be another. "Second--Practical plans--there can be but one right general plan, but of this there may be in­ numerable variations. "Third--A person skilled in introducing the method and supervising the use of it. "Fourth--Authority for such introduction and supervising. ' • * "• t • ideas to pupils, with the thought that they can be easily corrected later. It ought to follow, as near­ ly as practicable, the plan of keeping reasonably separate the legislative, executive and judicial ele­ ments of government. What the form of govern­ ment Is, if It is true to American civics, may riot be a serious question. The most simple form is that in which there are three officers, one at the head of the legislative department, another of the executive, and the third of the Judicial. To these three offices may be added those of clerks, li­ brarians, health, peace and other officers. Schoolroom the Unit. "It is a good practice to consider the school­ room, under the instruction of a teacher, as the unit of organization, rather than several rooms under the principal of the school. The former plan tends toward a permanent and thorough use of the method, the latter to the dropping of the method in case the principal falls 111 or leaves the school. The schoolroom government may follow the plan of the locality In which it Is situated. . If It Is in a city, It may be well to follow the gen­ eral plan of the city, with a mayor, judge and president of the council, all the pupils being the council, or legislative body, though it would be undesirable and Impossible to reproduce all the details of a large city government. If the school is in a town, the schoolroom government should in form be that of a town; but as towns turn into cities, and people go from towns to live in cities, it is good practice, tvhere town government is used part of the year, to use the city form the other part of the year. It is desirable to have elections as frequently as four times in the school year, that as many as practicable may enjoy the moral and educational benefit of being elected and' of carrying the responsibility of the offices. • j,| '1"j..l"!.4'• '<• 'I1 '1'II l"l 1 1 1 1't * INVENTS A PIANO TYPEWRIIER I HI I | 1 f HM I i M M * Herman Darewski will shortly Introduce to Eng­ land the most wonderful invention In the world of musical mechanics since the coming ojjiie^u- tomatic playnr piauo. It Is a piano which reproduces In ordinary musical whatever the performer plays. A pianist a copy of any piece of music by merely % ti» infittrtiaa a£ «saxboa- : H-. a dozen copies may be made i» one operation, as with an brdinary typewriter. The Inventor is an Italiaou--London Dally Express. In many cases it is desirable to have elections much more frequently. "Several schoolroom governments may be Joined in a school state and several states In a school national government, to look after matters which pertain 1o the whole school. It Is possible "and practicable to go still further, and join these school national governments in a federation. As has been said previously, let us reiterate: The teacher helps the pupils to become Independent in solving their social and civic problems as he does the problems of mathematics. Each pupil Is continually exercised in ipdepeiWent thinking, judicial conclusion and immediate action. To take the initiative soon becomes habitual. Co-opera­ tion for every good purpose is developed and team work becomes the ordinary practice. The teacher's authority is not weakened but strength­ ened by the co-operation of the pupils in their democratic republic. Teachers Should Co-operate. "If we were to looK upon this matt« r as if it ' were a mill, the mill would serve no purpose un­ less It should have gris,t to grind, and In this case the grist is the government of the children's con­ duct to • suggest useful apd constructive activi­ ties for the good of each child and the communi­ ty of pupils and of the entire community of which the children nre a part. The pupils' time, minds and energies being fully occupied doing right con­ structive things, the amount of wrontrdoing drops to an almost negligible quantity. What there is of this is dealt with by the children in their own courts much more effectually than is possible by any other means in the reach of the teachers, even If corporal punishment is permitted, which Is prohibited by law in some places. "It is not to he supposed that the children can hqndle these social and civic problems without the same kind of Interest and assistance by the teachers that is necessary for success In any other school work; nor that the teachers can make the host use of this laboratory method of moral and civic training without the co-opera­ tion of the children's parents, and, until the teachers have become well accustomed. to the new method, they need the suggestions of one who has had large experience in Its use. Co-ordinates With Other Studies. "Does this not add another burden to the teacher's already too heavy load? No. It en­ gages the co-operation of the pupils to help the teachers bear their burdens. Does it take the time of a recitation each day or once a week? No, but it co-ordinates with other studies such as English, civics and history, and is that good spirit which proves to be a lubricant for all recitations, for all the machinery of the school, and releases the teachers from police duty, enabling them to give their whole time, strength and nervous force to teaching, uninterrupted by misconduct and in­ attention. Relieved of the ordinary pull on the nerves and drain of one's vital strength, helping the children to develop their own character and to use the tools and processes of education for their own salvation, the teacher's work becomes exhilarating and a joy." • Egyptian Calendar. * The Egyptians were a very practical people and only went so far with a science as it had a very definite, everyday application. Quite early the lunar month appeared a poor standard for the measurement of time, .vnd the year was divided, therefore, into 12 months of 80 days each, and the five remaining days were made feast days. This calendar was established as early it 4241 B. C, Stuck to His Post During All the Horw rors of the Great Action, and. Ul­ timately Saved Batch i# ^ Dough on Hand. Bread is the staff of life; and men must have it even if .they live on the very brink and boundary of death. The baker of a. British battleship en­ gaged in the Battle of Jutland wrote home to the mistress and pupils of his old school in the little town of Langwitli an account of what he did and saw in the great light, and his let- ter was reprinted in the London Daily Mail. When the action opened, he had 360 pounds of dough rising in the tins; and his bakehouse, which was situ­ ated on the upper deck, was in a very exposed position. His orders were to leave it and go below under cover as soon as affairs looked threatening; but he did not wish to waste all that good dough, and so he went to the commander and begged permission to renjain until the very last moment; when his ship should fire her first gun. "While-my dough was proving (ris­ ing) In the tins," he wrote, "I went out on the quarter-deck and witnessed; a most magnificent spectacle, one nev­ er to be forgotten, The whole visible horizon, which was hot more than four miles, was one long blaze of flame; the hulls of the enemy's ships were not visible to the naked eye, but could be seen dimly through the haze with the telescope, anu the only means we had of knowing that the enemy were therfe was by the spurts of fiume from their guns. 1 was so in-j tenaely interested that I could not realize the risk until I observed cruiser near by on fire. "1 went back to the bakehouse and endeavored to save my batch of bread. My staff, which consists of three men, hud gone, down under cover. The lira party by this time, had orders to ex­ tinguish my fire; the dough required at least twenty minutes more proof. Being very loath to waste the mate­ rial and labor, 1 put the tins Into the oven and chanced to luck." While waiting, the gtillant baker tried to concentrate his mind* on read­ ing "The Meditations of Marcus Au- relius;" but he did not succeed very well: lie could ignore . tjie thunder of the guns, but when reports came in, first of one British ship blown up, and then Of another, and then of a third, and lastly that the cruiser next them in tire battle line was on fire, ho gave it up. The time was too clearly unsuited to meditation. After about two hours came a lull; then the; main armameut of his ship opened lire on the Derftilnger. "I discovered Just before going to my action station that my batch of bread had actually baked without any tire and had turned out fairly good. And although 1 did not know how long the bakehouse would remain In­ tact, I was arfxious to save it, know­ ing full well we might be glad of It if anything happened. "1 went to my action station. Fir ing had commenced again, but 1 re­ quested the fleet surgeon to allow me to go and draw my oven; he was very reluctant, but eventually consented that I should go at my own risk, asked for two volunteers out of our staff, and without any hesitation two men came forward." So the bread baked In hot but fire- less ovens during actual battle was saved; but the faithful baker's task was not yet ended. There was the morrow to provide for. "There was not much sleep In the ship that night," he recorded, and added simply, "I made a batch of dough at midnight and then lay down on the lockers with my life-saving belt on." Gallant bakers are not unknown in our own history, remarks the Youth's Companion. There was no quainter, more picturesque and more useful per­ sonage of the American Revolution than the soldierly old German-born Philadelphlan, Christopher Ludwlck, whom General Washington often In­ vited to his mess, whom he called al­ ways "my honest friend," and upon whom was* conferred at his recommen­ dation the proud title of "Superintend­ ent of Bakers and Director of Baking in the Army of the United States." Good Word for Gum Chewing. An important book has just been published by Doctor, Carlson, a pro­ fessor of physiology In the University of Chicago, which is entitled "The Control of Hunger." This ought to be a nauch-read book In these times of the rising cost of living. He has made many experiments on humans, dogs, guinea pigs, rabbits, etc.. and has come to the conclusion: "That hunger pangs diminish with use of chewing gum, chewing tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes. The direct re­ sult of gnawing at a piece of gum is the stimulation of nerves in the mouth. The sensation causes a decrease In stomach contractions, thus assuaging the sharpest appetite." Are we then tc conclude, when we see the unctuous damsel, on the trolley, chewing gum with energy and violence that she Is seeking to abridge her ap­ petite because of the lack of food at home? Well, whatever the motive, why is not the doctrine a practical one? We hope this book Is not written in the Interest of the gum manufacturers. A professor wouldn't do that.--Ohio State Journal. For Forty Years Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound Has Been Woman's Most Reliable Medicine --Here is More Proof. To women who are suffering from some form «f '* ^ ?r woman's special ills, and have a constant fear of breaking down, the three following letters ought to bring hope:--r North Crandon, Wis.""When I was 16 yewm old I got married and at 18 years I gave birth to ' twins and it left me with very poor health. I could v not, walk across the floor without having to ait down to rest and it was hard for me to keep about and do my work. I went to a doctor and he told me I had a displacement and ulcers, and would have to have an operation. This frightened me so much that I did not know what to do. Having heard of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound I. would give it a trial and it made me aa I thought well as ever. I cannot say enough in favor of th# Pinkham remedies."--Mrs. Maymjs Asbacii, ̂ orth Crandon^Wis, Testimony from Oklahoma* Lawton, Okla. -- "When I began to take Lydia E. Pi Vef re table Compound I seemed to be good for nothing. I tired easily id ho 11 1 ~ H : £• ' vl ams and had headaches much of the time and was irregular. I took it again before my little child was born and it did me a wonderful amount of good at that time, I never fail to recommend Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to ailing women because it has done so much for me."--Mrs. A. L. McCaslakd, 609 Have St, Law-ton, Okla. From a Grateful Massachusetts Woman. Roxbury, Mass,--" I -was suffering' from inflam­ mation and was examined by a physician who found that my trouble was caused by a displacement. My symptoms were bearing down pains, backache, and sluggish liver. I tried several kinds of medi­ cine ; then I was asked to try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. It has cured me and I am pleased to be in my usual good health by using it and highly recommend it." -- Mrs. B. M. Osgood, 1 Haynes Park, Koxbury, Mass. If you want special advice write to Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co. (confidential) Lynn, Mas*. - Yonr letter will be opened, read and answered by u woman and held in strict confidence* : > # M0i t t\ * • ' CAPTAIN GOT NEW TROUSERS Incident That Has More Than a Touch ©f Comedy Occurred en the Isonzo Front., How near tragedy and comedy are in the happenings along the battle line Is shown by this Incident of the fight­ ing on the Isonzo river front. A Cnproni fighting aeroplane that had gone from the Italian side was hit by the antiaircraft guns and fell with­ in the Austrian lines. The pilot was killed, the observer was somewhat scratched, but otherwise unhurt. His trousers, however, were ripped "from A to Z." Captain Amegliano, the captured fly­ er, was Inconsolable, and to an Aus­ trian officer who sympathized with him he said: "My poor comrade will be burled and I cannot even pay him my last re­ spects--not In this gear." "If that is all," remarked the Aus­ trian, "we'll soon mend that." And, after obtaining permission, he went up in his Fokker machine and threw a letter into the Italian line, acqalnt- Ing them with the fact, and request­ ing "a pair of new trousers for Cap­ tain Amegliano." Sure enough, an hour or so later there was an Italian machine high In the air, and a package dropped that contained u laurel wreath for tlve dead and a pair of trousers for the living. & Nature's Great Hoodoo Temple. In the Hoodoo basin of western Wyoming are curious formations which resemble Punch and Judy heads, grim savages, simpering old maids, monkeys, rabbits, birds and animals in every grotesque and exaggerated shape imag­ inable, and in every possible position. There are 50 different shapes of heads; over 40 different animal and human faces hnve been cojjnted. The rock out of which the hoodoos have been farved by Dame Nature is what Is known as volcanic breccia.--Popular Science Monthly. Make die Lfrfcr . ̂ § ' Do its Duty " - Nine times in ten when the liver fc light the stomach and bowels are right. CARTER'S LITTLE LIVER PILLS gentiy butnrmiy comj pel a lazy liver toi do its duty. Cures Con­ stipation, In­ digestion, Sick Headache,4 and Distress After Eating. SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRK3L CARTEL ITTLE PILLS. • -j Genuine must bear Signature £BS0RBINE STOPS LAMENESS from a Bone Spavin, Ring Boat, Splint, Curb, Side Bone, or similar r trouble anu gets horse going sound. It acts mildly but quickly and good re- 1 suits are lasting- Does not blister , t 1 or remove the hair and horse can . - -Is ^ be worked. Page 17 in pamphlet with each bottle tells how. $2.00 a bottis delivered. Horse Book 9 M free. ABSORBINE, JR., the antiseptic linimeat for mankind, reduces Painful Swellings, En­ larged Glands, Wens, Bruises, Varicose Veins j 4ieals Sores. Allays Pain. Will tell you more if you write. $i and $2 a bottle at darien or dcUrercd. Liberal (rial bottle foj 10c tramp*. W.F.Y0UN6. P. 0. F.. *• Ts«(rf« It., Sprl n«««M, Mssa. W. N. U., CHICAGO, NO. 46-1916. Odd Viewpoints One woman in the audience had her own ideas about Julian "Eltlnge. the famous impersonator of feminine types. "Wouldn't it be great fun to be mar­ ried to a man like that?" she said to her husband. "You mean because he is good look­ ing?" "No. you are good looking enough to. suit me." ° . "Then what do you mean?" "Think what a novelty it would be to be able to dress in the Paris gowns your own husband wears to work."-- Yoyngstown Telegram. It often happens that a man Is ab- sentminded when his wife Is away. Credit. . '-f A rich nabob, ambitious to be known * n,' as a good fellow, gare a feast which ^ < cost a thousand seqitins a plate. \ "What wicked, wanton waste!** claimed the world. , aX* Another nabob, thirsting lfl»» glorj* tfs went to-war. »». ; "The brutal, bloody butcher," ths world protested. A third nabob, desiring Qnljr to dto what Was right, bestowed his riches in alms. "He makes paupers !* sniffed th* world. . Tlie recording angel hesftate& bill after some thought he dipped his |mni and wrote, to the credit of each of the nabobs: "He kept his money in circulation.* '.f VjS Easy to Understand j Daughter--Mamma, what Is a step­ mother? . » Mother--Suppose I died and your fa­ ther married another woman that wom­ an d would be your stepmother, The child paused for a moment; mill then exclaimed: , "Oh, I see, nmmnia! Yon and she steps in !n w, To Live Long! His satanic majesty doesn't wasts , much of his time on a busy man. "V- -NEWS OF CHICAGO A recipe given by a famous phy- Chicago, III.--"I suffered tor four sician for long life was: "Keep the years with, pain in my back. I tried ev» Passible, of Course. Possibly some married men meander around at night for the purpose of convincing themselves them is no plape like. Sawed-Oft Sermon. The average married man is missing unless he counts night aati ixvnls#.--iiu Mf ealtze what he in his pock» ewt> ' Andean Highway. The government of Venezuela plans to build a national highway from San Cristobal, In the Andes region, at the extreme western end of the republic, which. If plans are carried out. will be the largest public work ever under­ taken by hj government of "^Venezuela. The highway will be 683 miles In length, and will be built through the cities of Valencia. San Carlos. Guanare, Barlnas and San Antonio. It Is prob­ able that the ministry of public works of Venezuela will undertake the con­ struction of the road wtlhout aid from outside contractors.--St. Louis Star, kidneys In good order! Try to elimi­ nate through the skin and intestines the poisons that otherwise clog the kid­ neys. Avoid eating meat as much as possible; avoid too much salt, alcohol, tea. Drink plenty of water." For those past middle life, for those easily recognized symptoms of inflam­ mation, as backache, scalding "water," or If uric acid In the blood has caused rheumatism, "rusty" joints, stiffness, get Anurlc at the drug store. This Is a wonderful eliminator of uric acid and was discovered by Dr. Pierce of In­ valids' Hotel, Buffalo. N. Y. If your druggist does not keep It send 10 cents to Dr. Pierce for trial package and you will know that It is many . times Anurlc aim they will find results; Miey* more potent than llthla and that It dls- need not take toy word for it."'--MB, solves uric acid aa hot water doe* WALTER < AKL-SON, 2147 N. Fran* :?V1 .'V • . «Jt erythiug there was out, but all failed # help me. I even went to a doctor. A friend of mine advised me to try Anuria and so I did; I used two boxes and the pains were gone. I am not telling any lie--the pain In my back was something terrible. Aa soon as I would bend over I thought my whole back would burst, "I wouM advise sufferers V. H.» i v