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:c <r 'w' .r f .? * vv, ; '> •V •'> <"W^ THE STrTTRKBT 1"J,Am>EAI.Elt, MeHEITRT.' TIX. 1#^ TOLDJ BRIEF ' Host Important Events of the & 5f M# Year Set torttmm % t-V ^ .• ;•& -;fes £vV'-?> ' 1 -- ' •••,:5 ; PROGRESS OF EUROPEAN WAR ^." ' • \ " .'<•' • * t . ISMef Development* In the Mighty Conflict of Nations--Political and r ' #ther Happenings in thn "f p * ^ " •" United States. COMPILED BY E. W. PICKARD. EUROPEAN WAR cruiser sunk by y%- J---News received of torpedoing of . A O. liner Persia tn Mediterranean; bout 350 lost, including K. N. McNoely. i. S. consul at Aden. , Russians began graat offensive in Ga- »cia. - J&n. 6.--British conscription bin passed "-'irst rea^lng and three cabinet members VY^iteslg-iied. «.-cJji Italian steamer carrying Montenegrin Jiecrults from U. 8. sunk by mine in the mdriatic: 2W lost ; ;; :'t£Jan. 7.--Germany promised U. B. Its suh- S,#a,,'n«s would observe rules of civilised s'^prarfare^ » .-Tan 9---British battleship Edwartf VII ; punk by mine , entlrely ®vacuated GsJlipoli penin- •'V'-^Jan. 11.--Austrians captured Lovcen, i dominating Cattaro. B,rltlsn steamer Clan McFarlane tor- ' ll©doed in Mediterranean; 13 lost. ^'wJan. 13.--Austrian 'mi""' < jPVench submarine Spanish steamer Bayo sunk by mine; 25 1 %>st- .» Jan. 14.--Many documents connecting •on Papen with alleged war plots in U. 'W- taken from him by British, turned to American embassy, t * Kermanshah, Persia, occupied by Turks. ' Jan. 15.--Russians renewed general at- JBick on Austrian front, •^Austrlans took Cetinje and\ pursued pflpontenegrins toward Albania. x ^ Jan. 21.---Austrian hydroplane and tor- •edo boat sunk by British submarine tn Adriatic. Jan. 22.--Austria issued ultimatum to Janntenegro to surrender or face anni­ hilation. .Turks driven in rout by Russians to Brzerum. Jan. 23.--Germans made airplane raid on county of Kent. IDngland. Austrians occupied Antlvart and Dui- -«tgno,. Montenegro. Jan. 24.--Scutari occupied by Austrians. Germany submitted to U. S. new note Oil Lusitania, but It was. rejected. Draft bill passed by house of commons. Jan. 35.--Dominion liner Norseman re­ ported sunk. Montenegrin delegates signed articles of Surrender. Jan. 26.--Austrlans took some trenches nnd 1,200 Italians near Oslavia. House of lords passed conscription bill. • Jan. 27.--Germans defeated In attempts to recapture trenches in Artois. U. S. protest on British mail seizures made public. Jan. 29.--Twenty-four killed In Zeppelin raid on Paris. „ Germans took nearly a mile of French trenches east 0' Souche* « British destroyer Viking sank by mines; •il hands lost. . 'an. 30.--Another Zeppelin raid made on ^fParls. Jan. 31.--Several Zeppelins made raid - S.ver Midland and northeast Counties of, ' Wngland; 67 persons killed. . Feb. 1.--British liner Appam, In charge Of prize crew from German commerce raider Moewe, arrived at Norfolk with ».-J(aptlves from seven other vessels. Collier Franz Fischer sunk by bomb t<rom Zeppelin: 13 lost. Vyr Sturmer succeeded Goremykin as Rus- • ®lan premier. Feb. 2.--Persian army defeated Russians inarching on Teheran. Zeppelin lost in North sea and crew "(Browned. , Feb. 8.--French aviators attacked «lty of Smyrna, killing 200. President Wilson accepted Germany's , memorandum of settlement of Lusitania 4Sane, both sides yielding ground. Feb. 9.--Germans took 800 yards of Prench trenches near Vimv * U. S. demanded from Austria apology • and reparation for attack on Petrolite. French cruiser Amlral Charnler tor­ pedoed and sunk; 374 lost. Belgium rejected separate peace propo­ sal. Feb. 10.--Russians crossed the Dniester «nd threatened Czernowitz. Germany announced armed enemy mer­ chant ships would be treated as warships. Feb. 16.--Russians under Grand Duue Kicholaa caotured Erzerum. Feb. 17.--Secretary Lansing announced »tT. S. would Insist Germany assure safety Of liners. Feb. 18.--U. S. declared all merchant •hips have right to carry defensive arma­ ment. Feb. 19.--Russians continued advance.la Armenia, taking Mush. Feb. 20.--German Zeppelin shot down Bear Revigny, France, Feb. 21.--German attack on Verdun be­ gan Turks evacuated Lake Van district, in­ cluding Bitlis. Feb. 24.--Germans captured villages Within big pun range of Verdun. Austria announced sinking of Italian transport loaded with soldiers by bomb --from airplane. Feb. 26--French checked somewhat Cterman drive on Verdun. Russians took Kermanshah. Persia, by •tnrm. Austrlans entered Duraxzo, Italians re­ tiring. French cruiser Provence sunk In Medi­ terranean : 3.130 lost Four British steamers sunk; 30 lost. -• General Kuropatkin made commander of Russian armies In Nortn. Moslems routed by South African troops •n western Esrypt. Feb. 27 --British steamer Maloja sunk - t»v mine- 174 lost. Feb. 29.--Italian government seised 34 Interned German steamers. German commerce raider Greif and .JJrltlsb cruder Alcantara sunk in North «ea fight; 254 lost. *• Mnrch 3.--Germans drove through vll- : lure'or Douaumont and beyond. Russians took Bitlis. Armenia, bjr as­ sault TJ. S. senate rejected resolution Warn­ ing Americans off armed ships March 5.--Fren< h checked second Ger- i«mn infantry attack on Verdun. Two Zeppelins raided northeast coast of ' England: 13 killed. "Tirtan raider Moewe reached port of ."^Vilhelmshaven. , Mar< h 6 --Germans began new drive on \>-dnn, capturing village of Forges. Mfirch 7.--Germans made further gains St Verdun at tremendous cost. U. S. house of representatives tabled resolution warning Americans off armed liners. M.irnh •.--Oerm&ny declared war On Portugal. tro°P« advanced to relief of be- Sleped force at Kut-el-Amnra in Mesopo- iamia but Turks beat them ofT .March 10.--Russians advanced to within •0 miles of Trebizond. Turks and Germans Svaouated Ispahan. Persia. March IV-- Norwegian baraue Stilus tor- ®ed<vd and sunk in Havre Roads. Seven American passengers escaped March 14-Italians started big offensive whole Mi«'rtan. front alortp March 16.--Gallienl^ French minister of yar, reslenied and Qcn. Charles Rocques » succeeded him. k March 18 --Russians renewed advance %gainst Tufks In Caucasus - - T Third Russian Invasion of Et« Prussia mnnounced by capture of Memel a Ger­ man seaport ' March 19 --German* repulsed French at tacks at Le Mort Homme and cantur&ii trenches from Brittsh at Vermelles Nine civilians killed when Germ-in sea- gla»ies dropped bombs near Dover. Eng- Marrh 20.-- Siuarfrtm of French ard Urit airplanes bombed Zeebrugge destroy" in* r-iuch property and killing many nw. •ors. March "SI.--Germans halted at Verdun German and British destroyer fleets In t jTunnlne flght on North sea Russians gained against Germans and Austrlans in Poland and Gallcia: and took V4 ,Ispahan, capital of Persia , .« rj. "Marh 22--Austrians evacuated Cserno- ^vi>~'-%itr and Bukowina- ' British Steamer Minneapolis sunk in erranenn. < March 23 --French expelled- Germans j,#rr»m first ilfte trenches near Verd'in. «. March 24.--French bombarded German •"portions at Malancourt and Avocurt British channel steamer Sussex and "Pri«iFh steamer Enflishman torpedoed •ithout warning; Americans on tvith ; . Kntente allies rejected l^ansing's nro- tp disarm meichantmen. . » - ; * - •- Hf»rch ?S,--Rtieslans steftned German po- I •iflons on East front. •ritish attacked German t.lrshlp sheds at Sylt, losing three seaplanes; two Ger­ man vessels sunk. March 28.--Great German attack On Haucourt-Malancourt front repulsed. Russian attacks repulsed with heavy loss. Allies agreed on unity of action in ev- mty branch. -n March 29.--British steamer Eagle Point, one American aboard, torpedoed without warning. German aerial attack on Salonlkl killed twenty Terrific fighting at Gorft* bridgehead. March 30 --Germans attacked with liquid Are near Verdun hut were repulsed. Germans torpedoed Russian hospital •hip in Black sea: 115 lost. March 31--Germans took village of Ma- lancourt. near Verdun, at terrific cost. Five Zeppelins raided eastern counties of England, killing 2S: one Zeppelin de­ stroyed. April i --Sixteen killed in Zeppelin raid on England. April 2.--Zeppelins raided England and 8eotland. killing ten. April 3.--Entente allies In note to D 8 upheld their right to search parcel poet April 4.--French repulsed fierce German attack south of Douaumont. British liner Zent torpedoed without warning; 48 lost. Ap"H 9. --French evacuated entire salient Of Bethlncourt Turks defeated British near Felahia, Mesopatama. April 10.--French lost 590 yards near Dead Man hill at Verdun and then re­ pulsed tremendous attack; losses were very large. April 11.-- French retook trenches at Verdun after terrific battle. April 18 --Russians captured Trebizond. April 19-- President Wilson sent ultima­ tum tc Germany on submarine question and told congress in "Joint session. April 20.-- Big forces of Russians landed in Franca April 25.--German warships and Zeppe­ lins attacked Lowestoft and vicinity, but were driven off. April 27.--British battleship Russell sunk by mine In Mediterranean; 124 lost. April 29 --General Townshend and 10,000 British surrendered to Turks at Kut-el- Amara. Russians defeated Austrlans in big bat­ tle near Mouravitz. May 1.--British steamer Hendonhalt. la­ den with wheat for Belgian relief, sunk by German submarine. May 2.--Five German airships raided coasts of England and Scotland. Belgian relief ship Frldland sunk by German submarine May 4.--Zeppelin destroyed by British cruiser. May 5.--Germany's reply, received In Washington, promised compliance with laws of warfare in submarine operations, with covert threat to resume former meth­ ods unless America persuades England to lift starvation blockade. Zeppelin raided Salonikl and was de­ stroyed by gun fire. sMay 8.--President Wilson told Germany our relations with Britain could not enter In controversy with Berlin. Paris reported great German attacks at Verdun checked. Liner Cymric, carrying munitions, tor­ pedoed and sunk; 5 lost Fay, Scholz and Daeche, munition ship plotters, convicted In New York. May 10.--Berlin admitted Sussex was tor­ pedoed by German submarine. May 11.--Germans capturod British trenches at Hulluch. May 13.--Russians reported defeat Of Turks in big battle near Erzlngan. British warship defeated small German squadron off Belgian coast. May 17.--Dutch steamer Batavler V blown up; one American killed. May 20.-- German seaplanes raided Eng­ lish east coast. Austrians made decided gains against Italians, crossing the border - near VI- cenza. May 26.--British steamship' Washington sunk by submarine. - Italian steamer Moravia torpedoed without warning. May 31.--Austrians reported capture of Asiago and Arsiero. Great naval battle In North sea, British losing 14 vessels and Germans 18. June 6.--Earl Kitchener and staff lost When cruiser Hampshire was blown up iu North sea June 7.--Germans took Fort Vaux by Storm. Austrlans in Tyrol repulsed by Italians with heavy lossea Russians recaptured Lutsk* fortress. June 17.--Russians captured Csernowlts. canltnl of Rukowina. Xune 2#.--Russians split Austrian Buko- wlna army and occupied Zadova, Strog- nletz and Gllboka. June 25 --Two Austrian transports, load­ ed with troops, sunk in Durazzo harbor by Italian warships. June 27.--Italians recaptured Poslna and Arsiero. June 28.--U. S. note to Austria demand­ ing apology for attack on Petrolite pub­ lished. June 30.-- Russians routed Austrlans in east Gallcia and took Kolomea. July 1.--Allies began great offensive on west front, making big gains on both sides of River Somme. July 3.--French captured a number of towns In drive toward Peronne. British took La Bolsselle. , July 5.--French carried by storm German second line near Peronne. Turks announced recapture of Kerman­ shah from Russians. July 6.--Russians again routed Austrlans in Gallcia. _ . . David Lloyd-George Bade British sec­ retary of war. July 9.--French took Blache. close to Peronne. x German submarine Deutschland arrived at Baltimore.' July 13.--Germans opened seventh great assault on Verdun. _ . _ July 15.--Italians captured Vansi, in Po­ slna valley. Russians captured Baiburt. Armenia, by assault. _ Gern:atis took La Maiaonnstts and Bl- aches, in Somme sector. July 18.--Germans opened fierce counter­ attack on British, with gas shells, win­ ning at Longueval and Delville wood. British blacklisted large number of American Individuals and firms for deal­ ing with the Germans. July 23.--British renewed terrific drive in Somme region, entering Pozieres. July 26.--Russians captured Erzlngan, Armenia- July 28.--Russians captured Brody, Gall- clan railroad center; smashed Teuton first line west of Lutsk, and drove back Von Liitsingen in Volhynia. ; ; Aug. 8 --Russians smashed through Tou- ton lines on 15-mile front in Gallcia Turks captured Bitlis and Mush. Aug. 9.--Italians captured Goritz. Zeppelins raided English and 8cotch C°Aug. 13.--Russians took 84.000 men in Gallcia. , „ Turks beat British east of 8uez canal and In Mesopotamia. Aug. 15.--Russians captured Jablonltza. in the Carpathians, and pierced new Teu­ ton line* otti Lemberg front. Aug 19.--Two British cruisers, one Ger­ man battleship and one German subma­ rine lost in North sea action. British swept Germans back on 11-tnlle front in Somme sector. Aug 24.--British advanced south of Thiepyal. and French took Maurepas. Russians recaptured Mush, Armenia, and reported big victory near Rachta. Zeppelins raided east coast of England; killing e!ght. , Aug. 27.--Italy declared war on Ger­ many. . , „ Roumanla declared war on Austria-Hun- Sary. ^ Aug. 28.--Germany declared war on Rou­ manla . „ , Aug. 39.--Hlndenburg made German chief of staff in place of Falkenhayn. Aug. 30.--Roumanians took Kronstadt and other Transylvanian towna Turkey declared war on Koumanla Aug 31.-- Roumanians seized Rustchuk, Bulgaria, and more Hungarian towns. Sept. 2 -- Zeppelins raided England, one being destroyed. Sept 4 -- Dar-es-Salaam, chief town of German East Africa, taken by British. g^pt. 7 --Teutons took Roumanian for­ tress of Turtukai. . . _ Sept. 8--Teutons and Bulgars took Do­ ll ric. Roumania. gept. 10.--Germans and Bulgarians cap­ tured Roumanian fortress of Silistria. Sept. 11.--Allies began new offensive in Balkans, crossing the Struma Sept. 15 -- Allies smashed German third line in Somme sector, advanced five miles and took three towns. British used terri­ ble new armored cars. Serbs drove Bulgars back ten miles and British and French advanced in Balkans. 8ept. 16.--Roumanians and Russians crushed tn the Pobrudja. Sept 17.--British took "Danube trench, Mouquet fortified farm and 1.000 yards of German trenches north of Courcelette. Germans sank French transport filled with troops French took Vermandovlllers and Bemy. Sept. 18.--French captured Deniecourt. Allies routed Bulgars in Macedonia and captured Fiorina. Sept. 19.--Teutons drove Russians back over Stokhod river. Sept. 23.--Zeppelins raided England killing 30: one Zeppelin destroyed and O'iie captured. Sept. 25--Zeppelins again raided Eng­ land, killing 36. Sept 26.--Anglo-French forces took Com- bles and Thiepval after terrific fighting. Sept. 28 -- Verizelos and Admiral Coun- douriotis Issued proclamation of provision­ al government for Greece. Oct. 1.--British took 3.000 yards of Gei^ man trenches close to Bapaume. Z»ppelins raided England: one destroyed. Serbians routed Bulgars In Macedonia. Oct 2 --Roumanians crossed the Danube late Bulgaria. Oct <.•---Allies made great advances -on" entire line in Macedonia Tevading Roumanians forced out of Bul­ garia. Allied transport Gallia torpedoed; C38 lost. Oct. 8.--German submarine U-53 sank five vessels off U S. coast Germans recaptured Kronstadt, Transyl­ vania Oct. 9. --Serbians forced crossing of Corna river in Macedonia. Oct. 10.--Italians resumed advance on Trieste, taking o.OOO Austrian. Oct. 11.--Greek fleet turned over to allies on their demand and largely dismantled. Teutons began invasion of Roumanla. Oct. 16.--French captured Sallly-Sallllssl. north of the Snmrnt Oct. 17.--Russians badly defeated In Ga­ llcia. Italians captured Mount Pasubio. Oct. t».--Ct. nard liner Alaunia sunk by- mine In English channel; part of crew lost. Oct. ».--Roumanians won on Transyl­ vania frontier but lost In Dobrudja. Russian battleship Imperatrltza Maria destroyed by Interior explosion; 200 lost. Oct. 23.--Teutons captured Constanza. Roumanian Black sea port. Oct. 24.--French smashed German line at Verdun, taking Douaumont fort and village. Oct. 26.--1Teutons occupied Czernavoda and the Vulcan pass Roumanla Oct. 28.--Teutons took Campulung, north­ ern key to Bucharest. Greek steamer torpedoed; JOO Ipst. Steamer Marina torpedoed without warn­ ing; a number of Americans lost. Oct. 81.--German submarine Deutschland arrived at New London. Conn. Nov. 2.--Germans evacuated <*ort Vaux, Verdun front. Nov. 5.--Germany and Autftlta proclaim­ ed autonomy of Poland. -- No. 6.--Von Mackensen forced back in the Dobrudja. P. & O. liner Arabia sunk by subma­ rine In Mediterranean. Nov. 8.--American steamer Columbian sunk by submarine. Nov. 13.- Battie of the Ancre opened, British capturing five miles of positions and three stroma towns. Nov, 19.--Allies capturod Monastir. Nov. SO.,--Allies ordered diplomats of central powers to leave Greece. Nov. 21.--Teutons took Craiova. Rou­ manian rail and military center. Nov. 22.--Ministers of central powers left Greece. Liner Britannic, hospital ship, sunk by mine In the Aegean; 24 lost. Nov. 23.--Greece refused to surrender arms and munittons to the allies. Nov. 24.--Teutons occupied Orsova and Turnu Severin. Nov. 25.--Provisional government' of Greece declared war on Bulgaria Entente allies demanded Greece deliver its arms and munitions. Roumanian armies in Wallachla routed. Nov. 27.--Teutons captured Alt river line in Roumanla. German airships raided England; two Zeppelins destroyed. Nov. 28.--American steamer Chemung sunk by German submarine; crew saved. Roumanian government moved from Bucharest to Jassy. Nov. 29.--Sir John R, Jellicoe was made first sea lord of the admiralty and Sir David Beatty, commander of the grand fleet. Falkenhayn captured Pitechti Rouman­ ian railway center, and Kampulung. Italian steamer Palermo torpedoed off Spain; 25 Americans aboard. Nov 30.--Teutons opened battle for Bu- .Qt^rest. \3r;.|eco refused demands of Admiral du JS'SgBet and allies prepared to seise Alanding troops at Piraeus. Deft. 1.--Allies marched on Athens; French sailors and Greek reservists fought. Dec 2.--Germans pressed closer on Bu­ charest, while Russians attacked desper­ ately in the wooded Carpathians and alse seized,Czernavoda bridge. Greece and allies reached compromise. German relchstag passed "man power" bill. Announcement made In duma that al­ lies had agreed to give Constantinople to Russia if entente wins war. Dec. 4.--Teutons began shelling of Bu­ charest. <3efrhan submarines Shelled Funchal, capital of the Madeira Islands. Dec. 5.--Premier Asquith of England re­ signed. Dec. 6.--Bucharest and Ploescl taken by the Teutons. Lloyd-George appointed premier of Great Britain. Allies protested to civilized world against deportation of Belgians. Dec. 8.--U. S. protested to Germany against deportation of Belgians. Dec. 10.--Lloyd-George announced his cabinet. Russians and Roumanians had successes In Trotus valley and east of Ploechti. Dec. 11.--Germans levied huge taxes on captured Roumanian cities. Dec. 12.--Germany offered to discuss peace terms with the entente allies. General Nivelle made commander in chief of the French armies of the north and northeast. King of Greece ordered a general mobi­ lisation. Germany answered American note by defending deportation of Belgians. Dec. 13.--Greek regulars took Katerlna from the French. Archduke Carl Stephen of Atyitrla se­ lected as regent of Poland. Germany In reply to U. 8. Justified sinking of American steamer Lanao. Dec. 14.--Great Britain called 1,000,000 more men to arms. France decided to prohibit alcoholic drinks except wine •and beer. British horse transport sunk by sub­ marine in Mediterranean; 17 Americans lost. Dec. 15.--French captured wide stretch of German trenches near Verdun. Russian duma rejected German peace proffer. Greece accepted ultimatum of the en tente. Dec.. 17.--French drove Germans from Chambrettes farm, Verdun front. Roumanian army safe behind Russian lines. Dec. 19.--Premier Lloyd-George replied to Germany's peace proposals, virtually refusing to consider them. Dec. 20.--Violent bombardment of Eng­ lish positions in France. 1 Dec. 22.--Russians attacked Turkish po­ sitions In Armenia FOREIGN Jan, 7.--Chinese government admitted all Yunan province was In revolt. Feb. 1.--Yussut Izzeddln, crown prince of Turkey, committed suicide. March 22.--official mandate announced abandonment of Chinese monarchy and resumption of republic, and rejection of emperorship by Yuan Shi Kai who re­ sumed presidency April 6.--Ivwang Tung province, China declared its independence. April 18.--Sir Roger Casement captured and German ship sunk while landing arms in Ireland for uprising. April 24.--Sinn Fein rebels seized parts of Dublin and serious fighting followed. April 30.--Main body of Irish rebels sur­ rendered. May 2.--President Jlmlnez of Dominican republic Impeached. May 3.--Pearse. Clark and MacDonagh, leaders of Irish revolt, executed. May 6.--Fighting broke out In Santo Do- inlngo; American marines landed. May 12^--James Connolly and John Mc- Dermott, Irish rebels, executed. May 31.--Sir Ernest Shackleton reached Falkland Islands safely from Antarctic. June 6.--Yuan Li Hung Decame presi­ dent of China. June 29 --Casement convicted of treason and sentenced to death. July 1.--U. 8. marines routed 250 8anto Domingo rebels, killing 27 and losing one man. Sept. J.--Shackleton brought hts ma­ rooned comrades safe to Punta Arenas Sept. 4.--Big revolt in Sumatra against Dutch. Sept. 20.--China appealed for aid for million people driven out by great floods. Sept. 30-- Emperor Lidj Jeassu of AbyS- sinia deposed; Ouizero-Zeoditu proclaimed empress of Ethiopia. Oct. 4 --Gen. Count Terauchl made pre­ mier of Japan. Oct. 21.--Count Carl Stuergkh, Austrian premier, assassinated by Vienna editor. Oct. 24.--Two American officers killed by Dominican rebels. 1 Nov. 22 --Karl Franz proclaimed emperor of Austria-Hungary. Nov. 29.--Capt H. F. Knapp. U. 8. N.. commander in Santo Domingo, proclaimed a military government of that country. Dec. 4.--Pope created ten new cardinals. Dec. 14.--Denmark voted to sell Danish West Indies to United States. Edmund Schulthe** elected president of Swiss confederation. MEXICO Jan. 10.--Nineteen foreigners, nearly all Americans, were murdered by Mexican bandits near Chihuahua. Jan. 12.--Lansing demanded that Car- ranza punish slayers of Americans. March 9.--Nine American civilians and eight soldiers killed and several wounded when Villa bandits raided Columbus, N. M Many raiders slain on both sides of border by soldiers. President Wilson or­ dered General Funston to pursue and pun­ ish Villa. March 10.-^President Wilson ordered 6.- OOu troops Into Mexico to get Villa. Villa's men raided big Arizona ranch. March 12 --First troops entered Mexico tn pursuit of Villa. March 14 --II S. army raised to war «trangth of 119.000 men for campaign against Villa Half million cartridges for Oarranza army seized at Douglas, Ariz. March 16 -- First < lash between Villa out­ posts and American expedition. Seven troopers woundert March 17. -- Carranxa forbade American troops pursuing Villa to enter Mexican towns. U. S senate passed resolution declaring the United States did not intend to In­ tervene in Mexico. March 27.--Capture of Torreon by ViUls- tas reported. Ivlarch 28 -- Congress appropriated 18.000,- 0e* for Mexican expedition. ^larch 29--Carranza granted .use of Mexican Northwestern railroad to U. S. for shipment of supplies. Dodd's cavalry defeated Villa forces at Guerrero, killing 60; one U. 8. soldier mortally wounded. Villa seriously wound- April 1.--U. 8, cavalry defeated Villlsta detachment north of Guerrero, killing 30i April 12.--U S. troops attacked by Car­ ranza troops and citizens of Parral; two Americans and 40 Mexicans killed. April 13.--Carranza demanded withdraw­ al of U. S. troops from Mexico. April 18.--Pursuit of Villa at standstill because of hostility of Carranzlstas. April SS.--Generals Scott. Funston and Obregon conferred on Mexican situation. Mav 5.--Villa bandits raided Glenn Springs, Tex., killing three U. 8. soldiers and a boy. Major Howze with six troops <bf cavalry routed Villlsta band at Ojos Azules, killing v May 9 -- President Wilson ordered mili­ tia of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona and 4,600 mors regulars to Mexican bor­ der. Mav 11.--American-Mexican border con­ ference ended futllely. Curtis Bayles, American farmer, killed oy Mexican raiders near Mercedes, Tex. May 25.--Poole ranch in Big Bend coun­ try, Texras, again raided by Mexicans Candelario Cervantes, Vlliista leader kll'ed by American troops. May 31--Carranza demanded withdrawal of American troops from Mexico on peril of "recourse to arms." June 17.--General Parker rushed rein­ forcements to American troops in Mexico below Matamoros. . June 18.--War department ordered all> state militia mobilized. Fourth punitive expedition withdrawn from Mexico Carranza soldiers at Mazatlan fired on American landing party. June 20.--General Funston called for at least 60.000 troops for border service. " U. S. sharply refused to withdraw troops from Mexico. June 21.--Detachment of American cav­ alry attacked by Carranza troops at Car- rlzal, 12 being killed. Mexican losses In­ cluded Gen. Felix Gomez. June 23.-- House granted use Of state militia as federal soldiers. Secretary Baker ordered all militia to border as quickly as possible. June 25.--President Wilson demanded that Mexico release captured troopers. June 26.--Administration rejected plan for mediation with Mexico. Senate passed bill for drafting militia Into federal service. June 29.--Twenty-three troopers taken at Carrizal released by Mexico. Pershing's column began retiring north­ wards. July 6.--War department called out reg­ ular army reserves to fill new regiments. July 13.--President \9ilson raised em­ bargo on food for Mexico. July 28 --U. S. accepted Carranza's plan for joint, commission. Aug. 12---War department ordered 82,000 more state troops to border. Aug. 22.--Secretary I^ane, Judge George Gray and Dr. J. R. Mott named as Mexi­ can settlement commission. Aug. 30.--President ordered 21,000 troops back from Mexican border, , §ept. (.--American and Mexican commis­ sioners began sessions at New London. Conn. Nov. 24.--American-Mexican commission signed protocol for withdrawal of Ameri­ can troops and patrol of border. Nov. 2S.--Villa captured Chihuahua City. Dec. 2.--Villa driven from Chihuahua City by Carranza forces. Dec. 6.--Parral recaptured by Carransa forces. Dec. 12.--Carransa troop train blown up by Vlllistas: 200 killed or injured. NECROLOGY Jan. 2.--Associate Justice J. R. Lamar. U. 8. Supreme court, at Washington. Jan. 3 --Gen. G. M. Dodge, Civil war hero and railroad buiider, at Council Bluffs, Iowa Col. R. T. Van Horn, founder' of the Kansas City Journal at Kansas City. Jan. 6.--Matthew W. Plnkerton, at Chi­ cago. Charles W. Knapp. veteran newspaper man, at New York. Jan. 8.-- Rt. Rev. Richard 8cannell, Cath­ olic bishop of Omaha. Ada Rehan, actress, at New York. Jan. 13 -- Vlctorlano Huerta. former pro­ visional president of Mexico, at El Paso. Jan. 17.--Hon. Arnold Morley, former British postmaster general. Jeannette L. Gilder, author and editor, at New York. Jan. 25.--Samuel S. Chamberlain, pub­ lisher of Boston American. Jan. 30.-- Sir Clements R. Mark ham, fa­ mous explorer at Ixmdon. Feb. 7.--Col. W. P. Hepburn, former con­ gressman. at Clarlnda. la. Feb. 12.--J. T. Trowbridge, author, at Arlington. Mass. Feb. 20.--Dr. Henry B. Favill, of Chi­ cago. prominent physician and publicist. Feb. 24.--Admiral von Pohl, at Berlin. Feb. 28.--Henry James, author, in Lon­ don. March S.--Queen Mother Elisabeth of Roumanla (Carmen Sylva). Mounet-Sully. famous actor, at Paris. March 4.--Brig. Gen. W. Sooy Smith, at Medffcrd, Ore. March 7.--Rear Admiral Asa Walker, U. S. N., retired, at Annapolis. March 10.--Henry Gasaway Davis, for­ mer U. S. senator from West Virginia, at Washington. March 14 --U 8. Senator Benjamin F. Shlvely of Indiana, at Washington. March 19.-- Cardinal Gotti. prefect of the Propaganda at the Vatican, In Rome. March 25.--C. J. Mulligan, sculptor, at Chicago. March 27.--Thomas Pence, secretary Democratic national committee, at Wash­ ington. AprM 1.--Naphtall Luccoek, M. E. blshpp of Montana and Dakota, at La Crosse. Wis. Dr. J. B. Angell. president emeritus of University of Michigan. April 4.--George W Smalley. veteran journalist. In London. April 7.--George W. Col ton, former gov­ ernor of Porto Rico, at Washington. April 11--Richard Harding Davis, novel­ ist. at Wit. Klsco. N. Y. April 14.--T. J. Burrlll, famous bacterio­ logist and educator, at TTrbana. 111. <• April 16--George W Peck, former gov­ ernor of Wisconsin, at Milwaukee. April 19.--Baron von der Goltz. German commandant at Constantinople. April 30--Earl St. Aldwyn. noted Eng­ lish stsiraman. better known as 8lr Mi­ chael Hicks-Beach May 11.--W. A. Gardner, president Chi­ cago A Northwestern railway. Mav 13 -Bryan Lathrop. philanthropist, at Chicago. Clara l.oulse Kellogg, opera star, at Elp- stone. Conn Mav 16.--Dr. E. N. Corthell. president American Society of Civil Engineers, at A l b a n y . N . Y . . . . . May 20.--George B Cox. political leader, at Cincinnati. May 2« -- Rev. Dr. Thlmothy Dwlght. for­ mer president of Yale, at New Haven. Conn. Mav 27.--General Galllenl. at Paris. Mav 29.--James J. Hill, at St. Paul. Mav 30--Col John S. Moshy. famous confederate raider. In Washington June 1.--Charles Sooy Smith, famous civ­ il engineer, at New York. June 6.--Yuan Shi Kai. president of China _ .Tune John R. McLean, owner of Washington Post and Cincinnati Enquirer June 16 --U 8. Senator E. C. Burleigh of Maine _ „ . June 18.--Lieut. Gen. Count Helmut]^ von Moltke. at Berlin. June 20 -Edward • Ellis, noted writer of boys' stories, at Cliff Island, Me. July 3 --Mrs. Hettv Green at New York. July 15 --Prof. El'e Metchnlkoff. famous bacteriologist, in Paris. July IS. --James H Moore, noted finan­ cier, at Lake Geneva, Wls.j July 22 -- James Whitcomb Riley, at In­ dianapolis • _ „ July 23.--Former U. 8. Senator T. M. Patterson at Denver. Sir William Ramsay, famous chemist in England. Aug. 7.--Vice Admiral Kamimura of Ja­ pan. Aug. 9 --J. M. Thurston, former senator from Nebraska. A. B. Stickney, founder of Chicago Great Western railway. Robert Grau, theatrical manager. Aug 11.--Dr John B. Murphy, famous Chicago surgeon. Aug 14.--Gen. Charles J. Paine, Civil war veteran and yachtsmen, at Boston. Au?. 25 --Archbishop John L. Spalding, at Peoria. III. „ „ ^ Aug. 28.--Dr. L. R Brewer. Protestant Episcopal bishop of Montana. Aug. 31-- John P. St. John, noted Pro­ hibitionist. at Olathe, Kan. Sept. 2.--S. W. Pennypacker, ex-governor of rvnnevl^ania. Sept. 4.--R. C. Kerens, former ambassa­ dor to Austria. Sept. 12 --T. L. James, former postmas­ ter general, in New York. Sept. 13 --Dr. George K. Herman, lead­ er in middle West athletics, at Chicago. Sept 16- - Horace White, famous journal­ ist, at New York. Sept. 17,--Seth Low, is New lor*. Sept W.-MaJ. Gsn. A.'wrt U MhML P.. 8. A., at Washington Sep? 19 - William J Calhoun, noted law­ yer and diplomat, at Chicago. Sept. 27 --Rear Admiral C. B. Vreeland, U S N., retired. Oct. I.--U S. Sanator James P. Clarke of Arkansas, at Little Rock - Oct 2 --E. S Lacey, former comptroller of the currency, at Chicago, Mrs. Havelock Ellis, noted lecturer on eugenics. In London. Oct. 12.--Otto, Insane former king of Bavaria. _ _ Oct. 15.--Rev. Francis Brown, president Union Theological seminary, at New York. Oct. 18.-- Eben Eugene Rex ford, poet and author., Normal Duncan, author, at Fr*donl&. N. Y. Oct. 25.--William M. Chase, noteo paint­ er, In New York. Oct 2S.--Prof. Cleveland Abbe, "father of weather bureau," at Washington. Oct. 31.-"Pastor" Russell, noted inde­ pendent preacher. Nicholas E Young, former president Na­ tional Baseball league, at Washington. Nov. 5.--Cardinal Delia Volpe at Rome. Nov. 12.--Dr. Perclval Lowell, famous astronomer, at Flagstaff. Ariz. Nov. 14.--Brig. Gen. D. C. Kingman. U. 8. A. Nov. 15.--Rt. Rev. Charles Edward Che­ ney, senior bishop of Reformed Episcopal church, St Chicago. Molly Elliott Seawell. author, at Wash­ ington Henryk Slenklewlcs, Polish novelist. Nov. 18 --F. M Lyman, president of the quorum of apostles of Mormon church. Nov. 21.--Franz Josef, emperor of Aus­ tria-Hungary. Dr. Euger.e Louis Doyen, noted French sfcrgeon, at Paris. Nov. 22.--Jack London, author, at 8ante Rosa, Cal Nov. 24.--Sir Hiram Maxim, noted inven­ tor, in London. .. i Nov. 26.--Mrs. Inez Mllholland Boisse- •aln, noted suffragist, at Los Angeles. Nov. 27.--Emile Verhaeren. Belgian poet. Dec. 3.--Sir Francesco Tosti, composer. Dec, 5.--John D: Archbold. president of Standard Oil Co., at Tarry town, N. Y. George C. Boldt, leading hotel man. In New York. Herbert D., Pelrce, former minister to Norway, at Portland, Me. ^ Dec. 6.--Hans Rlchter. noted Wagnerian conductor. Dec. 10.--Field Marshal Prince Iwao Oyama at Tokyo. , Dee. 13--J. W. Comyns Carr, English critic and dramatist. Dec. 15.-W. C. Nixon, president St. Louis and San Francisco railroad. > Dec. 16--Hugo Munsterberg, professor Of psychology at Harvard. Dec. 17.--Clara Ward. Princess Chimay, in Padua. Italy. POLITICAL Jan; 4.--Congress reassembled. Jan. 11.--Progressive national committee Called convention for June 7 In Chicago, Jan. 23.--National Prohibition conventloli called for July 19 In. St, Paul Jan. 25.--President Wilson nominated Louis D. Brandels for Supreme court Justice. Feb. 2.--House passed antlchild labor bill. Feb. 4.--Senate passed bill for indepen­ dence of Philippines In 2 to 4 years. Feb. 9.--Senate passed house resolution making available 1600.000 for re-equipping Mare Island and N>>w York navy yards and house bill increasing by 30u the en­ trance class at naval academy. Feb. 10.--Secretary Of , War Garrison and Assistant Secretary , Breckinridge re­ signed. $ Feb. 15.--G. T. Marye, ambassador to Russia, resigned. ) Feb. 18.--Senate (ratified Nlcaraguan canal route treaty Feb. 28.-- Haitian treaty ratified by sea- At© March 8.--J. H. Shea of 8eymour. Ind., nominated ambassador to Chile. March 6.--Newton D. Baker of Oleve- land appointed secretary of war. March 22.--House passed Hay army re­ organization bill. March 30.-- House passed Immigration bill with literacy test cKuse. April 11--House passed 139,000.000 rivers and harbors bill. April 18 --Senate passed army reorgani­ sation bill. , April 21.--Japanese ambassador protested to President Wilson against oriental ex­ clusion clause of immigration bill. April 22 -- Senate passed house bill re­ pealing free sugar law. ^ April 25.--Henry MorgcptSau resigned as ambassador to Turkey. April 30.--Socialist Labor party nomi­ nated Arthur E. Relmer of Boston for president «nd Caleb Harrison of Chicago for vice president. May l.--House rejected bill pledging withdrawal from Philippines within defi­ nite time. May 15 --Senate rejected nomination of G. Rublee of N. H. as member federal trade commission. May 17.--Senate passed army bill. House passed $51,000,000 flood control bill. May 20 --House passed <60,000,000 ship purchase bill. House passed army blH. May 29.--Senate passed rivers and har­ bors bill. June 1.--Louis D. Brandels confirmed as associate Justice of Supreme court. June 2.--House passed naval appropria­ tion bltl. June 7.--Republican and Progressive na­ tional conventions opened In Chicago. June 10.--Charles Evans Hughes nomi­ nated for president by Republican con­ vention. June 10.--Theodore Roosevelt nominated by Progressives June 14.--Democratic convention opened at St. Louis. June 15 --Wilson and Marshall renomi­ nated by Democrats. June 26.--Roosevelt declined Progressive nomination and Progressive national com­ mute Indorsed candidacy of Hughes. June 27.--Senate passed sundry civil, good roads and pension bilis, carrying total of $360,000,000. June 27.--W. R. Wlllcox made chairman of Republican national committee. June 28.--House voted $27,000,000 for im­ mediate use of army, and passed good roads bill. July 10.--House passed emergency rev­ enue bill. July 12.--Senate passed agricultural bill, carrying $24,000,000. July 13 --Judge J. H. Clarke of Ohio nominated for associate Jus'tice U. S. Su­ preme court. July 15.--Congressman Hay of Virginia .nominated associate Justice U. 8. court of claims. July 18.-- Abram Elkus nominated as am­ bassador to Tiirkey. July 19.--Prohibition national convention opened In St. Paul. Minn. July 21.--Senate passed navy bill pro­ viding for 157 vessels. Prohibitionists nominated J. Frank Han- ly for president and Ira D. Landrith for Vice president. July 27--Senate passed army bill car­ rying $.313,970,447. Aug. 8.--Cl^lld labor bill passed by sen­ ate. Aug. IS.--House passed big navy bill. Aug. 16.--Senate passed bill promising In­ dependence to Philippines wnen Filipinos are fit for self-government. \ug. 18.--President Wilson vetoed army bill. Senate passed shipping purchase bill. Aug. 19 --Federal workmen's compensa­ tion act passed by senate. Aug. 25 --House accepted senate amend­ ments to army bill. Sept. 5 -- Senate passed emergency rev­ enue bill with reprisal provisions against BHtish blacklist. Sept. 7.--Senate ratified treaty for pur­ chase of Danish West Indies. Sept. 8.--Congress adjourned. Sept. 12-- Republicans won In Maine election. Nov. 7.--Wilson and Marshall re-elected president and vice president of U. 8. Nov 10.--Count Tarnowsky named Aus­ trian ambassador to U. S. Dec. 4 --Congress began short session. Dr 'Henry Van Dyke. American ambas­ sador to the Netherlands; T. A. Thomp­ son, minister to Colombia, and W. H. Hornlbrook, minister to Siam. resigned Dec. 5 -- President Wilson read his mes­ sage to congress. 1 Dec. 14 --Senate passed immigration bill with literacy test clause. INDUSTRIAL Jan. 7.--Rioting strikers looted and burn­ ed East Youngstown, O. Jan. It.--One man killed and five shot In strike riot at East Chicago. Ind. Feb 5.--General strike of switchmen on Wabash railroad. March 6. --Wage increases of $8,000,000 annually granted In soft-coal fields. April 24.--Striking employees of West- Inghouse Co. rioted in East Pittsburgh, led by masked woman. May 2.--Fatal strike riots at Carnegie Steel Works in Braddock, Pa May 9.--Chicago Garment Workers start­ ed big strike. May 16.--Chicago exprefcK drivers went on strike. '4 July 26.--Train service ttauherheiods voted overwhelmingly for a st>%e. Aug. 5.--Strike stopped*" all surface car traffic in boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx and Richmond, New York. AUK . 7.--New York street car strike •ended. Aug. 12.--Federal beard's mediation in threatened railway stride failed/"" Aug. 14.--President Wilson/cosferred with rail heads and union men. » Aug 29. Failing to avert/rail strike. President Wilson asked congress to " three bills to meet situation \ Sept. l.--House passed eight hour rail­ road bill, to avert strike. t --Senate passed eight hour b'll. S^pt. 6.--Strike of subway, elevated ind surface railway men In New York; Sept. 22.--General sympathy strike erf union labor called in New York. Sept 2S.--General strike in New York fizzled. Nov. 5--I, W. W. men from Seattle fought^sheriff's poese at Everett. Wash.; Nov 21.--United States Steel corpora­ tion announced 10 per cent raise of wages. Nov. 22.-- Adamson 8-hour law held un­ constitutional by federal judge In Kansas City. Nov. 21--New England cotton mills raised wages of employees. Nov 29.--International Harvester com­ pany and many other concerns announced large wage increases. Nov. 30.--Chicago Wholesalers' associa­ tion raised wages Dec 13.--New York garment workers on strike. DISASTERS J*"- Explosion on oil tanker Aztec at New York killed ten. Jan 5.--Steamer Kanawha sank tn Ohio river; 40 lost. Jan. 9. -Du Pont powder mills at Car­ ney s Point, N. J., blown up; six killed. Jan. 15.--U. 8. submarine E-2 blown up at New York navy yard; four killed. 16 hurt. Jan. 18.--Fire did $10,000,000 damage la Bergen. Norway, and $1,500,000 damage in Lisbon, Jan- 17.--Fire destroyed most of Wirt. Ok la. Jan. 21.--Fire at Molde. Norway, did $500,000 damage. Jan. 22.--Great Northern train wrecked by avalanche near Corea. Wash.; six dead. Jan. 28.--Otay valley dam near San Diego, Cal., broke; 50 dead. Feb. 2.--Japanese liner DaljtR sunk tn Collision; 160 lives lost. • Feb. 3.--Canadian parliament building at Ottawa destroyed by fire; seven lives lost, Feb. 16--Three British steamships, many lighters and a pier burned at Brooklyn; loss $4,000,000. Feb. 16.--Holland suffered from great storm and floods' Feb. 20.--Great snowslldes In Salzburg Alps killed nearly 100 persons. Feb. 21.--Ten killed in wreck on New Haven road. Feb. 29.--Fifteen men killed by explo­ sion in mine at Kempton. W. Va. March 5.--Spanish steamer Principe de Asturias hit rock and ~sank off Brazil: 900 lost. March 22.--Fifteen million dollar fire at Nashville. Tenn.. and $5,000,000 fire at Au­ gusta. Ga, March 29.--Twenty-six killed and many Injured In collision on New York Central lines near Cleveland. April 8.--Bob Burman of Detroit and two others killed in Corona, Cal.. auto race, April 17.--Six killed, 40 Injured In wreck on New Haven road at Bradford. R. I. April 19 --Tornadoes in Kansas and Mis­ souri killed 17. April 22.--More than 1,000 lost In collision between Chinese cruiser and transport May 8--Steamer Klrby sank tn Lake Su­ perior; 20 lost. May 13.--Carl Limberg, driver, and R. Pallottl, mechanician, killed in road race at Sheepshead Bay. May 15.--Explosion in Du Pont powder plant at Gtbhstown, N. J., killed 13. June 2.--Thirteen killed in train wreck at Packard, la. June 4.--Waterfront fire at San Francis­ co did $800,000 damage. June 8.--Tornadoes killed 67 in Arkansas and 49 In other middle Western statea ; June 13.--Four killed in two-mllllon-dOI- lar fire at Baltimore. / uly 4.--Eleven killed, 376 hurt tn Fourth July celebrations. July 14.--U. S. navy collier Hector sunk In storm off Charleston, S. C. July 20.--Hundreds of fishermen lost tn monsoon off Ceylon coast. July 22.--Six killed and 40 hurt by bomb during San Francisco preparedness pa­ rade. July 24.--Twenty-two men killed by gas explosion In a Cleveland water tunneL Aug. 9.--Cloudburst In West Virginia re­ sulted in nearly 100 deaths. Aug. 12.--Trolley wreck at Johnstown. Pa, killed 25. Aug. 29.--U. 8. armored cruiser Mem­ phis wrecked in Santo Domingo harbor; 41 dead. Sent, 12---Central span of «jreat bridge over 8t. Lawrence at Quebec fell; 17 killed. Sept. 18.--Great dam near Hannwald. Bohemia, burst; 300 dead. Oct. 26.--Nineteen killed In burning of hospital at Farnharn. Quebec. Nov. 3.--Steamers Connemara and Re­ triever sunk by collision in Irish sea; tt lost. Nov. 7.--Fifty lives lost when Boston L car plunged off bridge. Nov. 21-- Explosion at Bakarltsa. Rus­ sia, killed 341. Dec. 1.--Sixty-six persons killed In train collision In Austria. Dec. 9.--Thousand killed by explosion In Russian ammunition factory. Dec. 11.--Million dollar fire destroyed Quaker Oats plant at Peterboro. Ont. Dee. 13.--Canadian torpedo boat Grilse foundered; 45 lost. Jan. 6.--C. H. Weeghman and partners •bought Chicago National league club. Feb. 25.--Charles Ellis won three-cushion billiard championship from De Oro. March 25.--Jess WiUard defeated Frank Moran at New York. April 12.--Baseball season opened. May 30.--Darlo Resta In Peugeot ear n Indianapolis 300 mile race. June 17-- Syracuse crews won regatta st Poughkeepsie. June 23.-rHarvard beat Yale In New London renatta. June 30.--Charles Evans, Jr., Chicago, won open national golf championship. Aug. 15.--George M. ChurCh retained Western tennis championship. Aug. 18.--Walter Hr.gen of Rochester, N. Y., won Western open golf champion­ ship. Aug. 25.--Mrs. F. C. Letts. Cincinnati won women's Western golf championship. Sept. 4.--Freddie Welsh defeated Charley White In 20 rounds. Sept. 9.--Charles Evans. Jr., Chicago, Won national amateur golf championship. Sept. 30--Johnny Altken In a Peugeot won Astor cup, breaking world's record Oct. 1.--Boston won American league championship. Oct. 3.--Brooklyn won National league champfonshlp Oct. 7.--Alexa Stirling, Atlanta, won women's national golf championship. Oct. 12--Boston Red Sox won world's championship. • Oct. 14.--Resta won Grand American 350- mile automobile race at Chicago. Nov. 16.--Darlo Resta won vanderbilt cup at Santa Monica, Cal. Nov. 18.--Grand Pftx race at Santa Mon­ ica. Cal.. won by Altken; Driver Lewis Jackson and three spectators killed. Nov. 25.--Ohio State university won western conference football championship GREATEST PROSPERITY KNOWN FOR U. 8. CARRIER^ EVSft REPORT BY COMMERCE Statistics Gathered by Commisaiett Indicates the Total Net Income ' the Year Wilt 90 $1,098,000,000. ' - • DOMESTIC Jam 1.--Prohibition tn effect In Iowa. Colorado, Washington. Oregon. Idaho. Arkansas and South Carolina. Jan. 9.--Six New Haven road former^ directors acnuitted of violating Sherman law; jury disagreed as to five. Feb 9-Most Rev George W. Munde- leln Installed archbishop of Chicago. May 13.-Immense preparedness parade in New York , . „ _ May 27.--Forty thousand In Boston pre­ paredness parade. May 31.-Mrs. J. E. Cowles, California, elected president General Federation of Woman's clubs. June 3. --Immense preparedness parade ,njunera£-Rockefel!er education board gave $789,990 to colleges. Sept. 27.--New York-Chicago express on Michigan Central held up and robbed near ^Nov'So.--Rockefeller boards appropriat­ ed $2,000,000 for great medical and surgi­ cal Institution in Chicago. Nov. 16.-Wireless service between U. 8. and Japan opened Nov 19 --Ruth I.aw broke American non­ stop airplane record. Chicago to Hornell. N Y Dec 7.-Freight embargo put on ship­ ments from middle west to Atlantic ses- b<De£ 26.-- American Assoclstlon for the Advancement of Science met in New York. FINANCIAL Jan. 24.-U S. Supreme court declared inetmli tax constitutional. 23 --Richard H. Atshton elected oresident Northwestern railway. June 24.--Corn Products trust ordered dissolved by federal judge In New York. June 28.--Western Pacific railroad sold at auction for $18,000.0001 Ovt 2.-- Am ericati loan o f ISO.060,000 made to China to build railways. Nov 13.--Starch trust ordered dissolved by federal court in New York Nov 16.--Chicago bank made loan of JSJMO.OOO to China Dec. 1.--Great Britain and France can­ celed proposed $600,000,000 loan trom U. Il Washington, Dec. 27.--More than $1,000,000,000 net income from opera­ tions was made by the railroads of the country daring the year now clos­ ing. The huge total is the peak ot prosperity in railroad operations, and stands more than one-third higher than the total of 1913, hitherto the banner year. statistics gathered by the Interstate commerce commission complete for nine months and made the basis for calculation for the entire year, indi­ cate that the total net income frost operations will be approximately $1,- 098,000,000. For the first nine months of the year complete returns sho« $785,558,266. Even this does not rep­ resent the full amount, as toads whooe income is less than $1,000,000 are not included. v The estimate--$1,098,000,000--Is garded by officials as conservative. , For the first nine months of the year, the commission's figures show that the railroads collected $2,654,829,- 647 from all sources of operation, tha chief items of Vvhlch were as follows: Freight, $1,875,019,990; passenger traf­ fic, $522,103,907; mails, $45,348,609; from express companies, $65,089,474. This total using the first nine months as a basis, will reach $3,600,- 640,502 when the year closes, officials estimate, and without doubt will ex­ ceed it. Never before in the history of railroad operations have the roads had so great a gross income. Expenses have not kept pace with the rapid rise in receipts, although they have measurably increased. From a total of $182,881,269 in January ex­ penses had increased to $203,235,3W in September, approximately 11 per cent. During that period receipts had increased from $260,054,300 to $324*- 954,301, approximately 25 per cent. All operating expenses totaled 744,160,022. Alone 230,500 miles of railroad w«m la operation durltig the year. On the same basis, the year's ex­ penses will approximate $2,346.066,900, leaving net revenue from operations $1,254,573,512. From the last figure, however, must be deducted the rail­ roads' annual tax bill, approximately $155,625,546, and bad debts--down OH the books as uneoilectable revenue-- approximating $965,92S| a iuiai «£' $150,591,474. Compared with previous earnings, net income for 1916 shows an increase of more than 52 per cent over the fiscal year of 1915; 59 per cent over 1914, and S4 per cent over 1913. Wide divergence in receipts among the roads of various sections is dis­ closed. The overburdened railroads of the East have skimmed the crefeat of the traffic. While the usual eastward trend of traffic, the great demands of nations at war, and the location of most of tiie country's factories, munition and otherwise, in the East are given as prime causes for this condition, seo ondary reasons are said to be that eastern roads for the most part have short hauls and .-Jj0®*, ulated areas. ! V f •Mi -{11 :.vll HI 'M SWISS BAClf U. S. Switzerland Sends Note to the BelUgsr- •nt Nations--Asks Last- ' * ing Peace. Washington, Dec. 27.--Switzerland, In a note to all of the warring powers, has announced its support of President Wilson's appeal for a discussion of peace terms, saying it "would consider itself happy if it could act in any way, no matter how modest, for the rajf» proaehement of the people now ea- gaged in the struggle, and for a kwlr ing peace." The note was sent to the belliger­ ents by the Swiss federal council, and Dr. Paul liitter, minister of Switfet* land here, presented a WW state department. RAIL MEN GET 8-HOUR LAW Increase in Wages Also GranM;; Switchmen's Union--Ruling Af­ fects 13 Roads. New • York, Dec. 27.--An elght-toow day, an increase iu wages of five cents au hour and straight pro-rata overtime was granted to the members of the switchmen's union employed by IS eastern and middle western railroads in an award filed here by the federal board of arbitration, which heard their differences. 320 Belgians Are Returned. Berlin, Dec. 27 (by wireless to Say* ville).--It is announced officially that 820 workmen, "who had been transport­ ed from Belgium to <Jermany, have re* turned to their homes la a number of complaintSi. Hide BHtish 8hip Sailings. London, Dec. 27.--The admiralty an­ nounces that hereafter the d«|Kirture of vessels from English ports will not be published. The action is due to the fear of reuewed activity on the {MUTt of German submarines. Denies Rebels Were Slain. T# London, Dec. 27.--The Greek trormr+e ment denied that followers of Venise- IDS had been shot in prison, Athens dis­ patches stated. Between December I and December 20 268 insurgents WW*-: jj arrested, it was stated,... * .Corrupt Practices Act Upheld. •Pittsburgh, Pa.. Dec. 27.--Federit- - rfhdge W. H. S. Thompson held Valid th'» federal corrupt practices act. un­ der which Indictments were fottMl axatnst 7- brewery corporations «l Pennsj»»au!a. ̂ ̂ T IPs I t Mim0