The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

^ • THE McHEKRY PLAINDEALER, McHENRY, ILL. " GERMANY WILL NOT MFK * *%kv£** \* •* ^ w I / =v •> j>w- ??v* r-> <VJ^ r* ;• 4 !*<; DEGREE THAT LED 10.BREAK M >r': ...»< , fJ-Boat Program That Caused Break Between Na- fcrs lions Will Not Be Changed. Ji- < 4r - •• ...'" PASSPORTS TOBERNSTORFF-GERARD RETURNS ; '* K - / • ' ••; '•-•••-•;. • • " Events Moving.Rapidly in Confiic t Between This Country and Teu- - ^ *•*# , JO^AIUes--American Se aman Is Killed by U-Boat "X? *vL, ^ - --Naval Preparations. >rti " b - , ^ Berlin, Feb. 7.--Foreign Secretary 1 l9impierinan, speaking for the imperial government, declared that "there is to be no backward step" by Germ** y in :#ie submarine war. The foreign sec­ retary's declaration is printed in the f. ^ageblatt. "President Wilson's decision is as- tmishing," said Secretary Zimmerman. The entente's refusal of our peace Covertures left us W otfier course than" adopt unlimited warfare in our flght national existence arid In retalia- " fflon for England's violation of Interna- 'HBonal law. America denied ns help. "We made no conditions--much less promises--to avoid unlimited subma­ rine war. We broke no promises. We - Ik ope President Wilson will warn Americans from the danger zone* There to be no step backward." It was stated positively in high po­ etical circles that the German orders for the conduct of a submarine war GERARD IS CALLED HOME. Ambassador Gerard has bean noti­ ced by the government to ask for his ipassports and to leave Berlin as soon las He receives them. uJd not and would not be modified; hat in (Germany the determination to jenforce the prohibited zone order was piibsolute and final and that the only security for shipping was in avoid­ ance of the prohibited zone. American Sailor Slain in Dlysr War. Iiondon, Feb. 7.--The British steam­ er Evestone of 1,791 tons has been sunk and the captain and four members of the crew killed. It Is officially an­ nounced that Richard Wallace, an American seaman belonging at Balti­ more, was killed in the shelling of boats which left the sinking Evestone. Belgian Relief Ship Sunk. London, Feb. 7.--The Belgian relief, stefftner Lars Kruse was sunk by a Itorpedo or a mine near the Belgian leoast. The vessel carried a cargo of Kvheat from Buenos Aires. [The Lars |Kruse was a vessel of 1,400 tons. She iwas under Danish registry. She left IBuenos Aires December 28 for Rotter- Mam.] i " ~ ' .. ' • Bars Transfer of Ships. Washington, Feb. 7.--President Wil­ son lias issued a proclamation forbid­ ding any ship owner or ship broker to" sell, lease or license to anyone not in American cltlsen any vessel flying the American flag, or to transfer the registry of any such vessel. He acted finder powers conferred by the "ship­ ping board law. " Austria Backs Germany* Washington, Feb. 7.--Austria has 9£- # - •• % v'>t . k. V "C ^ ^ IN DANGER FROM BOTH SIDES Shipping Will Not Bs Able to Make Pert of Klrkway, as Britain • Had Ordered. j London.--The German danger zones have created a serious complication , .; concerning shipping between Ameri- >can, Scandinavian and- Dutch ports, ^ jpWlng to the British blockade policy requiring ships bound eastward or nvesl BIG FLEET OF SUBMERSIBLES fltw Yfcrk Newspaper Correspondent Says Germany Has Immense ' Number of U-Boats. 'M New York.--The Tribune In j* copy* .^frighted article by Louis Duraht Ed- t - " jvards. a correspondent In Germany, l#«ys that Germany to make the final Effort against Great Britain has plung- *."ed 800 or more submersibles Into the Korth sea. These, nccordlng to this writer, were mobilized from Kiel, WAR CRISIS FACTS Associated Press reports from Berlin there is no probability of lAiy modification In German U- boat decree. President Wilson has issued proclamation forbidding transfer of registry of any American- owned ships. Ambassador Bernstorff was handed his passports. shortly after noon of Saturday, Febru­ ary 3. Ambassador Gerard asked for his passports at Berlin on Mon-^ day, February 5." On Monday, February 5, Pres­ ident Wilson appealed to con­ gress to rush disposition of rou­ tine business so as to be' ready for emergencies. Marine insurance rates on American ships have been placed on fe level with rates charged ships of the entente allies. Rate was advanced from 3 per cent to 10 per cent. Operation of all transportation in Belgium relief commission has been ordered stopped. < All German consuls will leave this country with Bernstorff. Effort is being made to enlist 100,000 sailors for the navy, Germany has issued a white .book containing the correspond­ ence with this country on the subject of U-boat warfare. . American steamship Housa- tonic sunk by German submarine off Scllly islands on Saturday, February 3. Crew landed safely. An American sailor on British steamer Evestone killed when boat was sunk by German sub­ marine Monday, February 5. • Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., ap-^ pointed major of infantry in army by President Wilson. Authority to bring full general staff of army to Washington to work tut war problems granted by congress. Previous law lim­ ited attendance ttfBO per cent. department, to Count von Bernstorff, the German ambassador. It was an* nounced at the same time that Ambas­ sador Gerard has been recalled from Berlin. At the same hour President Wilson, solemn-visaged and stern, mo&nted the dais in the house of representa­ tives and announced to congress the action he had taken.' Simultaneously a strict military cen­ sorship was clamped down at the war and navy departments. Secretary Daniels promulgated or­ ders that no persons other than iden­ tified government employees should be permitted to enter any navy yard in the country. Maj. W. W. Harts, superintendent of the state, war and navy buildings, is­ sued, similar orders, forbidding persons without passes to enter the buildings. The navy department, immediately withdrew from circulation all reports of the movements of United States ves­ sels. The electric word'that relations with Germany would be broken off Weht out from the state department at 10:30 o'clock Saturday. The executive of­ fices then announced the president would address congress at two o'clock. Within two hours the state depart­ ment sent* orders through the Ameri­ can embassy at Berlin that all United States consuls in Germany should re­ turn to this country. The news that he would receive his passports was telephoned to Arnbas- GETS HIS PASSPORTS. ARMY SMALL BUT RESOURCES VAST Reserve Man Power of United States Greatest of White Nations. Except Russia. M&TSUL CAPACITY GREAT hacked up the German plan for unre­ stricted submarine warfare. Asks Neutrals' Aid. Following the delivery of his address to congress the president sent Instruc­ tions to all American diplomats to neutral countries to announce the break with Germany to the govern­ ments to which they are accredited. It was contained In the following note: "You will Immediately notify the government to which you are accred­ ited that the United States, because of the German government's recent announcement of its intention to re­ new unrestricted submarine warfare, has no choice but to follow the course laid down in its note of April 18, 1916 (the Sussex note). . "It has, therefore, recalled the American ambassador to the United States. "Say also that the president is re­ luctant to believe Germany actually will carry otit her threat against neu­ tral commerce, but if It be done the president will ask congress to author­ ize use of the national power to pro­ tect American citizens engaged in their peaceful and lawful errands on the seas. "The Course taken is, in the presi­ dent's view, entirely in conformity with the principles he enunciated in his address to the senate January 12 (the address proposing a world league for peace). "He believes It will make for the peace of the world if other neutral powers can find it possible to take similar action. "Report fully and immediately on the reception Of this announcement and upon the suggestion as to similar action." 'jSSSSalaiiaki- [amburg, Wllhelmshaven and Bremer- is."•••£;•! :'P ' U. S. Breaks With Germany. Washington, Feb. 6.--The Ignited States has broken off completelyvall diplomatic relations with the German empire. - At two o'clock Saturday afternoon passports were delivered by Lester N". Woolsey, legal adviser for the state As Kirkwall Is SO miles inside the danger zone, American, Dutch and Scandinavian ships conforming to the present regulations cannot avail themselves of the open, mine-free channel specified in Germany's mem­ orandum, but must run the danger of mine fields in reaching Kirkwall. This difficulty is recognized by the British authorities, as well as In American and Scandinavian shipping circles, and It doubtless will receive attention with iew to relieving American and oth- er ships from being forced to run se- haven, where for months picked crews were trained. "They form the world's first diving battle fleet," he says, "a, navy equally prepared to fight above or beneath the waves. They mount powerful guns, are capable of great surface speeds, and are protected Dy a heavy armor of tough steel plate. The motors de-, velop 7.000 horse power and drive the boats under the surface at 22 knots an hour." These smaller cruisers carry a craw of from sixty to eighty men. Count von Bernstorff has been glvan his passports and told to go home, at he is no longer recognized as the Ger­ man ambassador to America. sador von Bernstorff. The ambassa­ dor immediately turned the keys of the German embassy to Dr. Paul Rltter, the Swiss minister, who will hereafter represent German Interests in this country. The "Spanish ambassador In Berlin, It was said, will take charge of the United States' Interests there. While these insidents were follow­ ing each other with dazzling rapidity at one end of Pennsylvania avenue, the congress, In tense excitement, was preparing to meet the president at the other end of the historic' avenue. Housatonic Was Warned. London, Feb. 6.--The crew pf the American steamship Housatonic has been landed at Penzance, England. The Housatonic was warned by the Ger­ man submarine which sank her, ac­ cording to American Consul Stephens at Plymouth. Naval Moves 8eeret. Washington, Feb. 6.--Orders were issued by the navy department forbid­ ding navy officials everywhere from di­ vulging any movements of American war vessels. The department announced that the Atlantic fleet would continue Its maneuvers in the vicinity of Guaa- tnnatno. All of the dreadnaugbts of the third and fourth squadrons, which foria the backbone of the American naval de­ fense, with the exception of the Ar­ kansas, Arizona and Delaware were last reported en route to Port an Prince. * Guard New York Bridges. New York, Feb. 6.--Detachments pf the New York naval militia, equipped as infantrymen, patrolled and guarded the five great East river bridges con­ necting Manhattan with Long Island. At sunset five naval militia tugs, one an ocean-going vessel, began steaming up and down the river in proximity to the structures, warning all river craft not to approach within 50 feet of the bridge piers. Special vigilance was exercised at the Manhattan, Brooklyn and Wil­ liamsburg bridges. Destruction of any one of these bridges, it was pointed out, would in­ terfere seriously with the departure of warships from the New York navy yard. rious risks while seeking examination. For the present, the foreign office is not willing to discuss what course may be pursued.' < Belgian War Relief Cuf Off. Washington^ Feb. 6.--Operation of all transportation of the Belgium re­ lief cfan mission has been suspended and ships In American, Argentine, In­ dian and European ports have been or- ier notice. German Parties Firm. Berlin.--The Overseas News agen­ cy's account of the meeting of the reichstag committee says that the lead- err m the various parties unanimously Indorsed the government's policy as to the submarines. v Carrania to Be v*' Mexico City, Feb. ©.--General Car- ranza Is preparing a declaration of strict Mexican neutrality in case of war between the United States tad Germany. With Less Than One-Tenth of World's Population, United States Makes Nearly One-Third of All: Things Produced. Available organised land forces of the United States today amount, roughly, to 265.000 officers and men, made up of 123,000 regulars and 140,- 000 National Guardsmen (Including both those still in the federal service and those under state control). The exact figures today are known only to the war department at Wash­ ington, but recent reports give a close Idea of what the organisation repre­ sent in fighting strength. In his last annual report, Secretary of War Baker stated that the actual strength of the regular army on June 80, f&16 (Including the Philippine .SCouts), was 107,041 officers and men. In the year beginning July 1 last, by the National Defense act of June 3, 1916, the army was* to be increased to 13^,897 officers and men, divided as follows; Infantry, 38 reKimpnts 51,224 Cavalry, 17 regiments 17,357 I'Teld artillery, 3 regiments 7,881 Engineers, 3 regiments and 1 mount­ ed company 8,198 Coast artillery corps' 21,423 Staff corps and departments 19,224 Philippine Scouts 1,783 Miscellaneous 11,857 Total enlisted strength (Including medical department) 188,897 Exceptional difficulties have been found In carrying out this program for Increasing the army. On account of the remarkable industrial activity of the country, recruiting has been, since the increase was authorized, at >a very low ebb. It is therefore probable that the estimate of 125,000 as the strength of the regular army errs on the side of optimism, and 115,000 may be closer the true figure. National Guard. The strength of the National Guard In Federal service on September SO last was 143.704 officers and men, di­ vided as follows: Alabama 4,604 Arizona t 863 Arkansas 1.229 California S.592 Colorado 943 Connecticut 8,92t Delaware 575 District of Columblp Lip Florida 1,225 Georgia 3.91S Idaho 1,178 Illinois 6.497 Indiana n~. J.ISS Iowa 4,323 Kansas 2.069 Kentucky 2.25H Louisiana 48.3 Maine 983 Maryland. .. S.156 Massachusetts 7.967 Michigan 4,23'* Minnesota 4.019 Mississippi ." .'. 1,308 Missouri 1.829 Montana 1,049 Nebra^ta 1,718 New Hampshire 1.413 New Jersey 4,135' New Mexico 957 New York -,..-$7,852 North Carolina 1,309 North Dakota 993 Ohio 7,413 Oklahoma 4 1,26S Oregon v .-. 318 Pennsylvania 13.745 Rhode Island 644 South Carolina 2.271 South Dakota " .. 966 Tennessee .I.fiM Texas ...«•».^.583 Utah ..I...;'. 781 Vermont 959 Virginia 191« Washington "7 1.730 West Virginia 1.156 Wisconsin 4.125 Wyoming 418 - Total - .. i- ..'FrrsMiM... ..>Mt,704 Many Regulars Abroad. Of the regular army today probably only 85,000 officers and men are in the United States proper (Including the Pershing expedition), while the other 40.000 are abroad. To show how the forces of the regular army are dis­ persed the geographical distribution on June 30,- 1916, the last date for which definite figures have been made public, are given here: .'*. United States and Mexico, 71^88; Alaska, 792; Philippines (regulars), 11,884; (scouts), fi.785; China, 1.274; Porto Rico. 714; Hawaii, 8,445; Capal Zone, 7.090; miscellaneous, 010, Total, 107,641. Vast Unorganized Forces. While the present organized forces are mipute, the reserve man power'of the United States is more vast than that of any white nation except Rus­ sia. According to the census of 1010 (since when the Increase has bee* great), the reserve militia of the Unit­ ed States, by which Is meant the males aged between eighteen and forty-four years, not Included in the organized forces, amounted to 20,588,347 men. The above total does not include the men of the insular possessions, ex- , cept Hawaii. These could produce an other 2,000,000 men of military age. France is said now to have one per­ son out of every six In her population serving In the army or navy. If the United States and her Insular posses­ sions ever made such an effort, taking the present population as 112,000,000, the president would have at his dis­ posal no less than 18,666,606 men. This Is probably more men than Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey together have In the field"' today. Unapproaehed Industrial Power. If the unorganised manhood strength of the United States Is imposing, the Industrial capacity of the nation Is even more Impressive. With less than one-tenth of the world's population, we make nearly one-third of all the things produced. In Iron and steel, for Instance, we turn out more than Great Britain and Germany, the two next largest produ­ cers, do together. Some observers have estimated the present Industrial capacity of the United States at as much as all the rest of the world put together. While this is perhaps an overestimate, large scale production has been carried to Such a fine point hire that no nation can approach us in tli*e total produced per worker. The average American produces more per hour of labor than the citl- zen of any other nation. We rely on mechanical power three times more per man than does Great Britain, four times more than Germany and five times more than France. The committee on industrial pre­ paredness of the naval consulting board is just about completing an in­ ventory of the nation's war resources. While the organization which was to result from this Inventory has only just been started, the work of Investi­ gation done Indicates In the clearest manner the factory strength of this country. i In a preliminary report, Howard E. Coffin, chairman of the committee, stated that there are more than 30,000 manufacturing concerns In the United States which can render Important service In the event of war. No plant Is Included In this list whose annual output Is less than $100,000. The Inventory is "In the hands of the great engineering societies of the country, which have had committees at work In every state.; Marine Corps. The United States marine corps la Independent of both the army and the navy and Its small strength should perhaps be added to that of the two main services when estimating the to­ tal organized belligerent power of the nation. The authorized strength of the corps is 15,627 officers and men of all classifications, and the ranks are nearly full. Various schemes for army reserve bodies were Incorporated in the na­ tional defense act of last year, but these provisions have not been In force long enough to produce results of Im­ portance. For Instance, of 50,000 re­ serve officers provided for, a total of less than 500 has been commissioned. Organization of the Army. The commander in chief of the army (as of the navy also) is the president of the United States. His representative, who carries out his wishes, Is the secretary of war, Newton D. Baker. The directing -force of the army is the general staff. Maj. Gen. Hugh L. Scott Is now chief of staff and his as­ sistant is Maj. Gen. Tasker H. Bliss. Grouped about them In Washington are army experts of various ranks, who are supposed to do the thinking about general problems for the whole army. Should the United States send a mili­ tary expedition abroad, the commander would undoubtedly be one of the seven active major generals. These are giv­ en below, with their present assign ments and headquarters: Leonard Wood, eastern department. Governors Island, N. Y. J. Franklin Bell, western depart­ ment, San Francisco, Cal. Thomas H. Barry, central depart­ ment. Chicago, 111. < Frederick Funston, southern depart­ ment, Fort Sam Houston, Tex. Hugh L. Scott, chief of staff, gen­ eral staff, Washington, D. C. Tasker H. Bliss, general, staff, Wash­ ington, D. <3. John J. Pershing, Eighth brigade, Columbus, N. M. ALIEN BILL NOW LAW PASSED BY SENATE OVEK PRES| DENT'S VETO BY VOTE OF 62 TO 1#. MP PROTEST IS IGNORED Training Camps Offer 18,000 Men. The Military Training Camps asso­ ciation, composed of 18.000 men trained at the federal camps, has of­ fered the president, through its execu­ tive committee, "the active co-opera­ tion of our national machinery and or­ ganization for such use as you may direct," assuring him "loyal support for any measures" he might deeiu best 'Ho uphold the honor and interest of the nation." f J" J r"-®!* .1ST km. HOW OUR ARMY COMPARES WITH OTHERS FOlldwtnf Is a comparison of the land forces of the United States as they ar# to­ day and the «^tAbtialimente of other large nations United Statse ...... Germany ............ France Russia AuHtrla-Hunjfary Italy Great Britain Japan The figures for Ger «rmies.* Appeals to New York, Feb. Commissioner Dan L. I., issued an api. ^ Boy Scouts of America't>»W the Stars and Stripes from their li«>mes. He also asked they request frlenjjs the same patriotism. He declared the , scouts would be of the army, navy and roullue guard service, an ment that would make t help to any hospital unit.f % Unorganised MH-Ias of Military Total war Strength Reserves 265.000 .000.00) 6,W>4»0 8.I62.-W") 4.530.00* 4.516,507 4,016.00") ». 163.965 £994,200 2,743,986 1.250.000 6.3'X>.00rt 2,620.30* 6.400.000 »,419.920 S. 600.000 6,3<tMb4 1,3*0.200 3.739,357 *.0110.000 7.427.000 1.500,000 8.239,782 Italy and Great Britain Include thslf Colonial I Scout lushing, 290,000 « Double Guard at New York. New York, Feb. 6.--Officers and crews of the 25 German steamships which have been self-detained here since the outbreak of the European war were ordered to remain on board their vessels. - . Shortly before the doubling of the guards on the steapship piers a re* port was circulated to the effect that the crews of the German vessels tied up at Hoboken had put the engines of several of^the ships out of com­ mission. f \ .«b* FBOM THE CANADIAN WHEAT 4t ftow Becomes a Statute and - Ataoonts to Excluding of the Yellow 'Race From the United States by lib Provisions. -V , ••• :• . - • Washington, I'eb. 7.--The senate, by a vote of 62 to 19, repassed the immi­ gration bill on Monday over the veto of the president, despite a warning from the state department that the Asiatic exclusion section might result lA disturbing amicable relations with Japan. The measure, containing' the literacy test, fought over for 20 yeurs and vetoed by three presidents, now becomes a law. Senator Phelan, one of those who voted to override the veto, voted against the original passage of the bill. Senators who voted for the original bill but would not Vote to pass it over the veto were J Hollls, Johnson of South Dakota and Thompson, Demo­ crats, and Sherman and Smith of Michigan, Republicans. New objections from Japan to the language of the Asiatic exclusion sec­ tion of the vetoed immigration bill were disclosed In the senate when Sen­ ator Iteed, fighting the proposal to re­ pass the bill over the president's veto, announced life had been authorized by the state department to say that the Japanese embassy had called atten­ tion to the provisions. . The bill as finally passed was thought to meet all objections. The administration already has suc­ cessfully used its influence to prevent passage of antlallen land bills in Ida­ ho and Oregon objected to by Japan and a desire not to agitate relations with Japan now is evident I* all ad- ministration quarters. This has been accentuated by the favorable receptiou in Japan of Presi­ dent Wilson's action in breaking off diplomatic relations with Germany, which has been most gratifying to the government. • In leading up to his announcement Senator tteed said that in vlew*of ex­ isting conditions he thought the seu- ate should most seriously consider what It wished to do*with the immi­ gration bill.' i c . "1 lay It hard on the conscience and Intelligence of senators," Senator Reed continued, "whether at this particular juncture ive desire to do anything that will In thti! slightest degree tend to disturb the amicable relutions between this country and a country with which we have no serious controversy. "At this particular time In the world's affairs sober thought and re­ flection ought to be the rule with ref­ erence to every matter touching our foreign relations. I am unwilling at this hour of the world's fate to do anything that will by any possibility weaken or impair friendly relations existing between our country and a country which has given to us no of­ fense. "This is no time or place to be seek­ ing new points of diffence or creat­ ing new causes of friction with great powers with which we have been at complete peace and with which we de­ sire to remain In complete accord and amity. We have enough ahead of us which we canqot avoid." Unitedf States Settlers Rich on Western Canada Lands. The large number of United States settlers coming to the Western prov­ inces of Canada are easily explained by the case of Mr. C. Lacy, late efi Wisconsin and later of Alberta. Mr. Lacy came to Canada from Wis­ consin in the summer of 1914 wfthi $1,500 available cash in his possession., He rented a half-section of partly im­ proved land In Alberta and commenced; summer fallowing. He broke 300 acres- whh oats, 20 with barley, and 260 with wheat. Also he had two cows and 20 head of young live stock. He was for­ tunate In buying feed at a bargain and managed to rent the enjoining quartet'! section as pasture. A few weeks ago he decided to real? : Ize his profits--and they amounted $6,000 absolutely clear from .the. ct«p> and the stock. W. J. Wlnstead, of Brooks, Albertp, •ays: "I landed in Brooks, March 18th, 1916, with one car of household effects, and nine head of good horses, and less than $500 In cash. I have put $1,500 worth of improvements on my farm. 1 have 31 head of cattle, 16 head of horses, debts all paid, a new automo­ bile, and a good, stiff bank account. At present prices, I can cash iu. for $16,000. I am well satisfied, and ex­ pect to double this next year. , M I have threshed altogether 7,000 bushels of No. 1 Northern wheat from two hundred acres, which went from 24 to 56 bushels per acre. Seven thousand bushels of wheat, all No. 1 Northern, two thousand bushes of oats, 670 bushels of flax, 700 bush­ els of barley--all at market pricear-- well, figure this out for yourself at the market price. I sold 3,100 bushels of wheat at $1.74%, am holding the re­ mainder for $2.00. Also all the oattb barley and flax for higher prices." v Intelligent farming pays always fey cording to Alex. Wattle, a prosperous farmer. Some figures to prove his con­ tention that he has "made good." , In 1914 Mr. Wattle threshed 40 bush­ els to the acre from a 30-acre crop. This sold for $1.60% per bushel, which, after deducting seed, labor, twine, threshing and freight, left a clear profit of $50 per acre, or a total of $1,500. From last year's crop of 34 acres, just sold, he received after freight had beat deducted, $1,876.94.--Advertisement,. PIPE UNE ACROSS OCEAN U. S. ARMY OUT OF MEXICO Columbus dives Qresting to Pershing and Hie Troops on Crossing Bor­ ders--Punitive Invasion Ends. Columbus, N. Feb. 7.--Maj. Gen. John J. Pershing rode out of Mexico on Monday at the head of more than 10,000 soldiers of the American puni­ tive expedition. General Pershing crossed the bounds ary at the border line gate at the head of his staff of officers, with Lieut. J. T. Collins, his aid de camp, and Capt. William O. Iteed, his Intelligent offi­ cer, riding next. As he crossed the line General Pershing saluted as the guards at the gap In the barbed-wire fence presented arms. All of the 3,000 Mexican refugees are In the detention camp, 900 having arrived with Pershing. Columbus welcomed the expedition­ ary forces, which marched away to Mexico on March 15, 1916. The little border town that was the scene of the Villa raid was decorated in their honor. The column was met at the border by the New Mexico National Guard and at the town's edge by school children waving flags. Columbus is crowded with visitors, gathered here to greet t^soldlers. While refugees arriving at the bor­ der presented a pitiable spectacle as a whole, there have been several Inci­ dents of a comic character. Dakota Storm Stopa Trains. Fargo, N. D., Feb. 7.--All railroad traffic in the state is at !a standstill as the result of the most severe storm of the winter. Several transconti­ nental trains were stalled op both the Pacific and Great Northern roads. German Land Raid Repulsed. Paris, Feb. 7.--South of the Somrae a German raid near Barleux was re­ pulsed, the war office announced. The French made several incursions into the German lines In the Chambrette Pont-A-Mmi.sson sectors. . "T. R.'s" Son Made Major. Washington, Feb. l7.--President Wil­ son signed a commission appointing Theodore Roosevelt, Jr.. a major of in­ fantry in the officers' reserve" corps. Mr. Roosevelt was a member of the Platjsfeurs training camp. .-- Japanese Loyal to ^ Honolulu, Feb., 7.--Prominent Jap­ anese here declare that should hostili­ ties come between the Cnited States and Germany 15.000 Japanese reserv­ ists in Hawaii would offer their serv- K«a to the Ualted States. ^ -if c Irish Manufacturer Has Scheme Which Will Save Shippers a Consider* able Amount of Money Yearly. • An Irish manufacturer has prepared In detail a plan for laying an 16-inch submarine pipe line between the Brit­ ish Isles and America, which, accord­ ing to estimates, would transmit oil to England at a small fraction of the pree% ent transportation cost. The scheme fte described in the Popular Mechanics Magazine. As proposed, the pipe w oald be made of steel ribbon on the helical- tube principle, so as to be flexible. Th« overlappings of the ribbon as it wind# round and round itself would be packed with asbestos twine. The tube would be able to withstand an internal press­ ure of 2,000 pounds and an external pressure of 10,000 pounds per square Inch. Around it would be woven a cot­ ton casing coated with preservative. To give the pipe longitudinal strength a stranded steel cable would be put Inside. Twenty vessels would be em­ ployed to lay the pipe, each being as­ signed a 130-mile section. The scheme- calls for an outlay of $50,000,000. It Is estimated that the transportation, cost per 1,000 gallons per 1,000 miles would be about 50 cents. By tank, steamers it-Is about $50, , ^ ; < * j RECOGNIZED WORK OF Bflffir Occasion When Growers of Grain Re» •ponded to Appeal to Save Their; I Friends From Extermination. Three hundred million dollars* worth of the cotton crop was damaged by the cotton boll weevil in the hurt year and birds, especially quail, con- " slder such fare a treat and have a fondness for lidding the farmer of' the enemies of his crops. What tho good birds do in the destruction of l»- sects Injurious to man's interests |k! little short of marvelous. One year at the headquarters of the- National Audubon society a wire canM stating: "Birds are dying in Kansas* Nebraska and Missouri in great num­ bers---result of sleet and snow." fil t||g response to the wire $600 worth e€" grain, seed and chaff was distributed., 'Al­ together with grit, to the birds and* saved many of the Insectivorous bird* " i J and game birds. The postmaster gen- era! ordered the rural mall carrier* ^ to distribute the feed free of charge* \ *; j' "7 .. *""1 - New Industry for Detroit. ^ It Is estimated that $10,000,000 worth of the 1916-17 fur exports will pass Into the American channels be* lore next June. The manufactured product, of course, will more than double these figures, for every one who touches a skin Increases the proit which the ultimate purchaser must pay to the ancient Industry. The ci of this new business will center la Detroit, one of the big fur factoring points of the country. New York, Chicago. Cincinnati. Philadel* phla^ St irf>uis and other citlelk Suggestive Signs. "I presume this gardener d fs a Carrania sympathiser." "What makes you think thetf* 4 -Because he has Mexican mm m the border." Father of j|ii i f la the tether of | WMam vleorge -•-mL'J