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ii^tjA At iRIffc, . tVL. SILAGE IS SUPERIOR WINTER COW FEED | TBAMP PRINTERS UWO IN PRISON Stow Away In Box Car and Wake Up in Reformatory In- closure. UNCLE JIM TO RESCUE CANARY ALIGHTS ON WOMAN'S HAT BUILDING FREIGHT CARS TO RELIEVE # SHORTAGE AND SPEED WAR MUNITIONS SPLENDID TYPE OF JERSEY COW FOR DAIRY. (Prepared by the United States Depart- r ment of Agriculture.) Silage Is a splendid winter feed par­ ticularly adapted for dairy cows. In many sections silage has come to be the dairy farm's main reliance for cows, for It is the best and cheapest substitute for fresh grass. While the real food and nutritive value ot silage Is not great, about three-fourths of its total weight being water, it is succu­ lent and palatable. It contains a large amount of carbohydrates in proportion to the protein and will give best re­ sults when fed with some other feed richer in dry matter and in protein. As a feed containing a large amount of water in the form- of natural plant Juices, it is easily digested and serves the useful purpose of keeping the whole system of the animal in good condition. A silage-fed animal is rare­ ly troubled with digestive disturbances, the coat Is noticeably sleek and soft, and the skin is pliable. No rough feed is more palatable than good corn silage, which is of giieat Importance in feed­ ing dairy cattle as it induces a large consumption and stimulates the secre­ tion of digestive Juices. Feeding Leguminous Hay. Leguminous hay such as clover, cow peas or alfalfa should be fed in combi­ nation with silage. These will tend to correct the deficiencies of the silage in dry matter, protein and mineral con­ stituents. A ration of silage and, say, alfalfa hay alone is satisfactory, how­ ever, only for cows which are dry or giving only a small amount of milk and for heifers and bulls. Cows in full milk require some concentrated feed * In addition to hay and silage, as they cannot consume enough of these feeds to keep up a large flow of milk and maintain body weight. Amount to Feed. The amount of silage to feed a cow will depend upon the capacity of the animal to consume feed. -She should be fed as much as she will clean up without waste when consuming it with her hay and grain. Raise or low­ er the amount until the proper quan­ tity is ascertained. Generally speaking, a good cow should be fed just short of . the limit of her appetite. If she re­ fuses any of her feed it should be re­ duced at once. The small breeds will eat 25 or 30 pounds per day ; the large breeds 40 or "more; and the medium- sized ones amounts varying between. Rations. Ironclad directions for feeding cows cannot be given. In general, however, they should be supplied with all the roughage they "Will clean up with grain in proportion to butterfat produced. The hay will ordinarily Tange between fi and 12 pounds per cow per day when fed in connection with silage. For Hol- Hteins 1 pound of concentrates for each 4 pounds of milk produced will prove about right. For Jerseys 1 pound for each 3 pounds of milk or less will come nearer meeting the requirements. The grain for other breeds will vary be­ tween these tyvo according to the qual­ ity of milk produced. A good rule is. to feed seven times as much grain as there is butterfat produced. The following rations have been found satisfactory: For a 1,300-pound cow yielding 40 pounds of milk testing 3.5 per cent: Pounda. Silage «0 Clover, jcowpea, or alfalfa hay 10 Oraln mixture 10 For the same cow yielding 20 pounds of 3.5 per cent milk: Pounda. Silage 40 Clover, cow pea, or alfalfa hay 5 Grain mixture B For a 900-pound cow yielding 30 pounds of 5 per cent milk: Pounda. Btlage Clover, cowpea, or alfalfa hay ...10 (Jraln mixture ..1 * For the same cow yielding 15 pounds of 5 per cent milk: Pounds. Stlace .. *> Clover, cowpea, or alfalfa hay 8 Grain mixture • A good grain mixture to be used In a ration which Includes silage and some sort of leguminous hay is composed $f: Parts. Corn chop".. 4 Wheat bran 2 Unseed oil meal or cottonseed meal 1 In case.,the hay used is not of this kind some of the corn chop may, be re­ placed by linseed or cottonseed meal. In many instances brewers' dried ing about silage that will impair the health of the animals. ; Feeding Frozen Silage. Frozen silage must be thawed before feeding. If It is then given immedi­ ately to the cows before decomposi­ tion sets in no harm will result from feeding this kind of silage; neither Is the nutritive value known to be changed in any way. USEFUL WHEELED PIG CHUTE Handy Loading Device Can Be Together by Ajd of Pair of Old Mower Wheels. Put Get a couple of old mower wheels or other strong wheels that will stand up under the load of the weight of a few hundred pounds of live hogs. On Wheeled Pig Chute. these wheels build a hog chute, such as is shown here, and you will always have a handy loading device and one that can be pulled around over the place wherever it is needed. This is better than building a permanent load­ ing chute near the hog lots, as the permanent chute may be some distance from the pens where t^he hogs are to be loaded. If so, the wheeled chute can be pulled over and set in place and the wagons backed Into place to re­ ceive the load. FEED FOWLS SPROUTED OATS Appeals to Guards Are Jeered at Until Superintendent Finally "Discov­ ers" Them After Three Months' Servitude. Chicago.--The wanderlust called Gus. The wanderlust called Bill. Gus and Bill wrapped up their worldly goods and stowed themselves away In a box car. The box car would take them to strange ports, deposit them in rare lands. Gus was a tramp printer. Bill was a tramp printer. The desire for change had fired them both. They nestled in the corner of the box car as it bumped and rattled over the rails. They fell asleep, dreaming of coconut proves and yellow-walled towns, where Gds would wear a mantle and a sword and be printer to some highness, where Bill could land something soft and sim­ ple and colorful. Awake to Find Car Standing. When they awoke the box car was no longer in motion. Everything was quiet. Gus and Bill crawled forward. "It looks," said Gus, "as If we're on a siding." "Let's bump off," said Bill. "We must be pretty far along anyway. May­ be we can hike the rest of it." Bill was thinking of the printer's Avalon for which he had set forth. Gus, likewise meditating upon this roseate realm, slid open the box c$r door and the two jumped. "What ho," said Gus, "this Is a rum­ my place." "What ho," began Bill, when a man bearing a gun appeared. "Move on,""said the man, "get on to your shops or I'll report you." The man was one of the guards at the Pontiac reformatory. Gus de­ murred. Bill objected. The guard was firm and strong and furthermore owned a gun. Rubbing their eyes. Gus and Bill staggered forward and found themselves shoved into a line that was forming at the door of a large build­ ing. They found themselves walking in this line, dazed and uncertain, into a shop from which issued a smell of Half Frozen Songster Seeks Com* fort With Stuffed Birds and Finds Home. Chicago.---A little canary bird, des­ perately cold at State and Madison streets, spied two stuffed birds on the top of Mrs. Louis Brock's fur hat. He alighted, found It warm and comfy, and there he stayed. Mrs. Brock, who lives at 6862 Cornell avenue, felt the weight on her head and discovered the bird. She had Just lost a little bird named Mike, who was noted in the neighborhood for the way in which he could sing "Dearie, Dearie." lAt first just for a moment I thought it might be Mike come back to me," she said, "but I had buried Mike la Enables Farmer to Reduce Grain Ra­ tion About One-Third--Influences Laying of Hens. Giving the hens once a day all the sprouted oats they want to eat, which is about a square Inch of sprouts, grain and roots, enables one to reduce tht> grain ration abojut one-third and there by effecting a saving in high-priced grain. Oat sprouts can be produced at about 20 to 25 cents per bushel, while the price of wheat is about $2.20 per bushel. It is also remarkable how sprouted-oats Influence the laying of the hens. A change in this respect can be noticed within a few days after sprouted oats have been fed. INDICATES GOOD LAYING HEN bly substituted for the brffn, and often-* times gluten products can bie used to advantage in place of bran or oil meals. Time to Feed. The time to feed silage Is directly after milking or at least several hours before milking. If fed immediately be­ fore milking the silage odors may pass through the cow's body into the milk. Besides, the milk may receive some taints directly from the stable air. On the other hand, if feeding Is done sub­ sequent to milking, the volatile silage odors will have been thrown off before the next milking hour. Silage Is usual­ ly fed twice a day. Mapy objections have been made to the feeding of silage, some condenser- les even refusing to let their patrons use it. These objections are becoming less common, since milk from" cows fed silage in a proper manner is in no way impaired; furthermore there is noth- Large Bright Red Comb Is Character­ istic of Best Producers--Notice the Black Minorca*. One of the characteristics of a good laying hen is a large comb. The old- timers used to say, "the bigger the comb, the better the layer," and there is a great <leal of truth in It. Notice the large comb of the black Xlinorca, one of our very best layers, and the layer of the largest egg of any breed. Notice the large combs of the Leghorns, the best of egg-layers. Put it down as an axiom of truth that a hen with a large comb, and a bright red comb, la a good layer. CULL OUT UNDESIRABLE COWS Increased Cost of Production Points Out Advisability of Weeding Out All Boarders. ' & -- With the Increased cost of produc­ tion this seems to be the time to weed out the boarder cows in the herd. The meat value of the dairy animal now is closer to the dairy value than ever before, and consequently It is possible to weed out the poor cows and re­ place them with profitable producers with less cash outlay than ever be­ fore. AVOID POORLY KEPT SILAGE Sheep Are Peculiarly Susceptible to Moldy Feed--Oats and Bran Are Excellent. Sheep are peculiarly susceptible to Injury from moldy feed. Poorly kept grains or crushed oats may be profita-. silage is therefore to be avoided. A a.i_ nn«l At nnil Kl*an fin ration of oats and bran makes an ex­ cellent feed for ewes with lambs at their side. The flock should have ac- to water and salt at all times. Straw Good for Sheep. Clover and other legume straws may be used with profit In feeding sheep, particularly if fed with silage or roots, and in this way a large amount of hay may be saved. Progress in Live Stock. Wonderful progress could be made In live stock improvement If the increase which undoubtedly will be made could be obtafned from purebred sires. Shortage In Live Stock. There has not been such a great shortage In the live stock population in proportion to the human population^ in many years. '! "Get on to Your Shepe or 1*11 Report You." varnish and paint. In ten minutes Gus and Bill were properly employed in­ mates of the Pontiac reformatory, mak ing .rattan chairs for something like six cents a day. "What the--" asked Gus. "Where's the boss?" "We'll find him," said Bill. That evening, as the. movies have it, <3us and Bill endeavored to gain an audience with the superintendent. Their arguments fraught with wild and angered words, appealed to the guard as irrational. They saw not the su­ perintendent. They received Instead a cell, and therein they lay down to meditate upon the whims of fate ahd the helplessness of man. Case Drags Along. For one month Gus and Bill strug­ gled against their strange destiny, their efforts finally attracting the at­ tention of the powers in charge. For another month these powers struggled with the fine legal point which the sit­ uation of the two printers offered. For % third month the case hung fire in the prison court. And during this time Gus and Bill had changed from the chair factory into the prison print shop. Here "Jim" Maddlgan, in charge of the print shop, fastened an eagle eye upon the two men. : "Where'd you work before they sent you up?" inquired Uncle Jim, who, as one of Chicago's foremost printers be­ fore he took up prison work, is a liv­ ing encyclopedia of the trade. "We weren't sent up," wailed Gus and for the hundredth time the two un­ fortunate tramps recited their tale of woe. Uncle Jim hearkened and after indulging in proper laughter at so droll a turn of events championed the cause of Gus and Bill In person. Gus and Bill are now at liberty, the wheels of justice having finally made the necessary rotations. Watch In Labndry. San Antonio, Tex.--A watch went * through the Fort Sam Houston post laundry, and was returned to the own­ er still running. The watch was thoughtlessly left by the owner in the pocket of his army shirt. In the pocket it was carried to the laundry and went through the big washing machine. One of the laun­ dry employees felt it in the pocket of the shirt just in time to save it from going through the wringer. The watch ha&not lost a second. y-* f -V .*« it- f - -vi *' i/ X Spied Two 8tuffed Birds. Jackson park, and then dug him up and had him stuffed, and he's on the piano in my parlor now, so I knew It couldn't be Mike. I liked the new bird, though, so I took him into a store to get a cage. I got off at the wrong floor, and the little fellow became frightened and got lost In the draperies section, where he flew about for hours. [ got him at last, though, and now I'm going to take him home to take the place of Mike." Mrs. Brock attained some distinction last year when she undertook to care for Marjorie Delbridge, the white child brought up by Mammy Jackson. TAKES GIRL FROM RIVAL Mtiriirfrrtrh West Virginian Enforces Demand at Point of Unloaded Gun in Wild West Manner. Kingwood, W. Va.--Taking his girl out of an automobile from the hands of his rival at the point of a gun and taking her in his own machine was the wild West stunt performed by Lee Brown of Howesville, near here. Later Brown was arrested and fined by Mag­ istrate W. M. Murdock for carrying concealed weapons. The girl was Miss Anna Howard with whom Brown had an appoint­ ment to go driving, Instead, she went out with Hunter Perrll and another couple. Brown encountered the party on the road and swinging his own ma­ chine across the road and blocking it he pulled an old revolver, which was not loaded. He demanded the surren= der of his girl, who got out and clam­ bered aboard Brown's machine-and to­ gether they drove off. AGED MAN DIGS OWN GRAVE Falls Into It While Removing the Sup­ ports and Is Dead When Taken Out. Rising City, Neb.--It is rarely that a man digs his own grave and more rare­ ly that he is doomed to occupy it as soon as it Is dug. Yet Frank Krenk of Able, Neb., did both. Krenk, who was seventy-five, accom­ panied by his son-in-law, Joseph Bar- cal, had just completed digging the grave in the National cemetery here when the accident happened. Krenk, wishing his body to be buried deep at his death, had dug the gr^ye to a depth of more than ten feet. In re> moving the supports Krenk fell into the grave head foremost, breaking his neck. He was dead when taken out. He was burled in the grave he had taken so much'pains to prepare. IrerirtrCrCrCrittrCrCrtrCrtrfrCrCrCrCrtrtifrCrCrtlit YEA, BO! COLLEGE « FOR HOBOES IS LATEST Cincinnati.--A college for ho­ boes ! Yeh. that's the latest edu­ cational endeavor In this center of social uplift. The college Is to be established by the Inter­ national Hobo College Board, in­ corporation papers having been taken out. Jarues Eads Howe of St. Louis, known as the million­ aire hobo, is one of the incor­ porators. The purpose of the institution, as set forth in the incorporation papers, is to carry on literary and educational work among the unemployed and to develop their "mental, moral and spiritual forces." Wife Must Walk Backward in Kitchen, Omer, Mich.--Ellphalet Jones of this p]ac6 Is a man of Ingenuity. When he married a woman who had one leg longer thad%|l>e other h^ conceived the Idea of building the kitchen floor on a slant, so that she could walk across the room without limping. Now the man is being sued for divorce on account of the slant floor. Mrs. Jones says the floor is all right when she goes to the sink, but when she travels from the sink to the stove she has to walk backward. ONE CAR IS ASSEMBLED IN AN HOUR. The photograph shows a scene in the great freight car assembling yard at bOS Angeles, Cal. Due to the great shortage in freight cars this new plant has been opened to turn out cars at a rate never even imagined. The method is the same as In the assembling of automobiles. The trucks are first lowered into place, then the frame Is set on top of them. Following that, the sills are set up and boarded and the car is painted and finished. This remarkable assembling is accomplished at the rate of one an boor, and there are scores and scores of crews working in the yard. p.#.: ' W; WftSBIisWM Contrasting Merits. "I have a very intelligent dog who has been taught to say his prayer* and he'll always run up to a minis- ter." "That's nothing. I have an intel­ ligent dog, too, and any time a tin can is tied to his tall, he runs to » saloon." V- mk EHBNE IS limaUE Powerful Locomotive of New Class Built for Western Roads. QUITE PECULIAR IN DESIGN NOVEL TYPE OF LOCOMOTIVE Necessary? to Dwarf All Protuberanoes on Top of Boiler to Permit Opera­ tion Beneath Low Bridges and Tunnels. ~ Most striking is the appearance of a powerful locomotive that has lately been constructed for the Denver & Rio Grande railway. Although it Is one of the largest engines of the single-ex­ pansion, nonarticulated class, its chief interest to the layman doubtless lies in the peculiarities of its design. The boiler is of such height that it was Engine Introduced in New Zealand Can Travel Farther Than Jpom- pound Without Taking Wi^r. A new type of locomotive has been employed on the Woodvllle-Taihape section of the Main Trunk railway of New Zealand during the last three months, according to a recent issue of the British (government) Board of Trade Journal. The first of the class was constructed at the government workshops in Dunedin for service on th» Canterbury Plains some two years ago. After severe grade tests, which proved successful, four of the new en­ gines were sent to North Island some months ago and have been used on the Welllngton-Talhape section with good results. It appears that this en­ gine can travel farther than the com­ pound engine without taking in water, and that it has a greater hauling ca­ pacity. LARGE ENGINES FOR CANADA New Locomotive Is Unique. necessary to dwarf all of the upper protuberances in order to permit oper­ ation beneath low bridges and through certain tunnels. In building It, the sand boxes were installed at the sides, instead of at the top. the steam dome was built exceptionally low and broad, the smokestack was given a height of only a few inches, and the bracket sup­ porting the bell was attached to the front of the smoke box above the head­ light. The engine, which is one of several of a type being placed In service, Is thoroughly equipped with devices designed to facilitate operation and lighten the work of the enginemen. A mechanical stoker, actuated both by steam and compressed air, feeds pul­ verized coal to the fire. In cases re­ quiring hand stoking, the door of the fire box is opened and closed by power. There are no large, heavy levers for the pilot to manipulate, for compressed air again is brought Into play. Alone, the locomotive weighs 428,500 pounds, and with the tender, 624,900 pounds. New Government Locomotives Haul Double Loads Formerly Pulled by Older Types. Prior to the introduction of new en­ gines the heaviest locomotives In use on the Canadian government railways weighed 232,000 pounds. The "Mi­ kado" engines' weigh 283,000 pounds and the "Santa Fe" 514,000 pounds. The maximum speed for the freight trains on the system is 25 miles per hour. The new engines haveN been de­ signed to conform to this schedule, but to pull double the load hauled by the older types. It Is said thar the "Santa Fe" engines can handle 48 loaded cars and carry them over a 1 per cent gra­ dient at the standard rate of speed. The "Mikado" has been constructed especially for the long grades of the national transcontinental division of the Canadian government railway sys­ tem. Praises Dodd's Kidney Pills to Friends Mri Julia Brosvnfn*, of Mulberry Grove, Til., recently wrote us unsolicited- iy as follows: "For eight months I suffered with rtwa* m&tlsm and inflammation of the bladder. X had swelling of the limbs, stiffness in the joints and cramps in the muscles. There was a sandy deposit in the- urine. My head and back ached. I was tired and nervous and could not sleep, and be­ came exhausted with the least exertion. •Nothing seemed to do me any good ua- tll I saw your ad in the paper. Dodd's Kidney Pills have done me lota of food and I tell all my friends what helped ma. I have taken three boxes in all and am greatly benefited. I have got other* to use them." Wise people, like Mrs. Browning, accept no substitute for the old, genuine Dodd's Kidney Pills; their remedial qualities are too well known to thousands of users who have Baved themselves from the ravages of kidney troubles and Bright's Disease by the timely use of this famous eld twe­ edy. * "ty( iiV'i m In Convict Garb. • Little Irene had gone to the soo wtth vi; her mother one afternoon. As tb^y came to the zerbra she exclaimed: I#? "Mother, look at the horse with the y # ^ prisoner's coat on." Coated tongue* vertigo and eobstt- patlon are relieved by Qatfteld Te*. Adr. 1 ;4'r Her Resources. "They say Miss Flirty nas It great deal of tact." "Tact? Why, tbnt girl's tact amounts to diplomacy. Not one of the fellows she is engaged to has ever met another one at a single call he made." . , Tke OeWee That Dew Net Afttttflnf Beeatue of lu tonic and laxauve cttoot, Unttn Bromo Quinine can be taken bjr anyone wtthoet causing n«rroamM« or ringing In UuhMd. Then Is only on* "Bromo Qalnlse." B. W. ftWrn stgnatnra la on box. SOe. USE LOCOMOTIVES FOR HEAT Large New Jersey Plant Saved Neces­ sity of Shutting Down by Two Railroad Engines. • large manufacturing plant at Arlington, N. J., was cold as a refrig­ erator one winter's morning, and there was no Immediate relief in sight. It seemed as if the three eight-hour shifts of 8,000 employees might have to be dismissed. There was no time to in­ stall a new heating plant; besides that would have been too costly. The su­ perintendent wanted Just enough steam to furnish heat for a few hours. Two Erie locomotives were placed on a side track, a steam line connec­ tion was made between the hot water pipes and the steam dome of each en­ gine, and the plant was heated at an expense of $50 for the day. which was the cost of the engine and fuel. Valves were placed to enable the source of steam to be controlled. Cold water was supplied to the tenders by an un­ derground pipe. -- Popular Science Monthly. Knowledge Needed. First Woman--When I go traveling I never can read a time table Intelli­ gently. What do you do? Second Woman--I always consult my husband and he sets me straight. First Woman--He must be a smart man. Second Woman--Yes, he's an expert accountant.--Erie Railroad Magazine Swiss Use Eletrie Engines. A Swiss railroad has installed elec­ tric locomotives powerful enough to haul 340-ton trains up steep grades. USE SUPERHEATERS IN JAPAN Adoption on Japanese Railways Date* From 1911, When German Engines Were Put in Uae. Japan has adopted superheated loco­ motives extensively. Occidental prac­ tice has been applied here, although It Is Interesting to note that about 1902-03, when the Schmidt super­ heater was coming into general use, a smokebox superheater was manufac­ tured for trial purposes In Japan, but the test did not develop the desired results. The adoption of the Schmidt superheater on t Japanese railway# dates from 1911, "when some engines ordered from Germany were put in service on the state railways. These were followed by other locomotives or­ dered from America. Because of Eng­ lish influence the continuous vacuum brakes were adopted, and ar« now it general use.--Railway Age Gazette. MORE BUSINESS BY EXPRESS Increaee of 25 Per Cent Is Noted, Yet Earnings Are Expected to Show a Decrease. The express companies are handling 20 per cent more business this year than last, yet their earnings are ex­ pected to drop. This Is said to he due to Increased cost of materials and sup­ plies and higher wages. The com­ mandeering of baggage cars by the gov­ ernment is also given as a reason for the slump in profits. Car Efficiency. Railroad car efficiency In the United States Increased 8 per cent in 1916 over 1913, the previous best year. This is equivalent to an increase of 192,000 cars over the total 2.400.000 now in use on our railroads, according to the Railway Age Gazette, which also esti­ mates the mileage for each car a day In the fiscal year, 1916, as 27 miles. At the same time the average car ca­ pacity lias risen from 38 to 41 tons. Just Like Home. **I suppose," remarked the traveler on a road out of Peking, "that brake- man is calling the stations in Chinese, of course." "Of course." "Makes me homesick. I van't under­ stand what he says, but it sounds very familiar." ROOSTERS AS ALARM CLOCKS : • „ . . V jg Many Men Rely on Chanticler to Awafc* | ̂ en Them at the Right Time t* th. Morning. ~ "V'J -ft', 5*. . fr': . "Do you know that roosters are pnt- " |: si ting a crimp in the sales of alarm V' clocks?" said the owner of a watch store to a customer. "Strange as it . Jti may sound, It is true. , "In certain districts there are men f who rely upon roqsters to awaken them v at a specified time in the morning. The roosters have not been trained but f| they begin crowing at about the same early hour every day. " .%'[ "I have to admit that a rooster la ^ ri better than an alarm clock in some " • ways. The noise of the clock can be stopped If a man rebels at getting up, ^ but the rooster keeps on cfowing. Pre- ' quently people neglect to wind up the clock. And sometimes we set the clock , ^ > .* wrong and consequently get up too \ early or late. ^ "In Wyoming Valley, Pa., the 6S steam sirens which heretofore awak­ ened the workers in the mines and factories have been silenced by the fuel administrator in order to save coal. Instead the miners and Indus­ trial workers are now depending on the cock's shrill cro* to awaken them." A Bugville Jest. Snail--'Tve been tracting up my an­ cestry." Bug--"Originated in Phila­ delphia, I suppose." [ Proper Place. "Pop, where are they going to put the bulls they are driving on the ahlpT" "In the steerage, my soo." •" * After all, there are but twe way* making a living working for It « working somebody elae for It, One Result of War. One of the results of the war la agitation for an abolition of the das* distinction on the railroad* of Bi land and Canada. Ajere is tx> purer ormorehecuimul food for children GmpeNuts Its natural sweet­ ness appeases the child's appetite for added sugar, and theqtffifflHyofmilk or cream needed is about half that required for the oranary cereal. GRAPE-NUTS IS AN ECONOMICAL FOOD