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*"? «^YR Y-F\ *} -0*M THE WMXM PLAGRDLALLR, THXTBGPAY, FBB. \TT33 r..,- U ¥FI^R (Cattle Feeding Plant Equipped t- f* ' '•./.' - \I j . ' ; * • NICARAGUA HAS NEW RAIL LINE TO SEA Ti- -T5" (A--- SECTIONX H AYRACK »A*, 7:" FEEDING O-i |WiNMW 5CCTION *. ^ ^ • C.ALVANISED VWTICAL IRON ' . • YCNTILAT^T?, Z&RI LOOR , , HayCarrier 7V I l?.XlOCoLLARB£AM 0^-2. xw6 x>v£,-2*1(JE>race3 %XGM Chord •. . &.*&. HAY Mow ll4xlO!?B«ATcI-?.TRU53EI: J?AFTER3 ^X6^tuddincJ 5ET £4 O.C. SIX 12, Joist Set ZF O.C -WzO 4*XX10 BillLTU?j x^TRouoh Floorin^J 1r --CGrlRl PCf?--) I f T7e^ HAY ,, Storage lf>50N*>l_V1 AY Caccierwacw *i*. Ttjack is MAN3H< ^Plates WLTIFMII NDOW A I« Supply CONCRETE MangIe-R Plops \ *n»1>WT fCCDINC (ppACt ftW L005C CATT! Hay C~ : .mt3nA?gS<T. Conc art ^JccT^aowinoin rrtding SPACE foPlooccC^m *e»n M iMLZ ICLDK" OWT Hill Feed illFeo) OUtHMd W: By W. A. RADFORD Mr. William A. Radford will answer questions and, give advice FREE OF COSr oil all problems pertaining to the subject of building work on the farm, for the readers of this paper. On account of his wide experience as editor, author and manufacturer, he. i^, without doubt, the higuest authority on the subject. Address all Inquiries to William A. Radford, No. 407 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111., and only inclose two-cent stamp for reply. Everything points to a low price fpr T*orn this fall and winter and, as a consequence, growers of corn will find it more profitable to market their crops through live stock than to make of It a cash crop. By ensiling some •of the crop and husking out the balance, cattle feeders will have a good stock of low-priced feed this fall. ; la order to make feeding operations 'profitable, buildings that will house the cattle and roughage and the grain rations, together with silos, are needed. Cattle that are kept in a dry lot and practically unprotected from winter weather, use up a great amount w pf feed to produce body heat rather than to put on flesh and fat, which are what buyers pay for. The cattle feeding plant shown is an open stable floor with equipment for hay storage, and hay self-feeding. Between the two silos at the front Is thi feed storage room and feed mixing room. The equipment used to cut down the labor of feeding the animals is Indicated on the floor plan. A cross-section of the barn and some of the details, of con- . struction also are given. In the crosssection the materials used . and the dimensions also are shown. ' ' It will be noted on the floor plans that the barn proper Is 100 feet long and 34 feet wide. The stable floor Is open and in it has been indicated hay racks for storing loose hay so that the cattle can have access to it all the time, and "along each side Is shown a manger o feed butik.- The barn has a system of ventilation and is equipped with an overhead carrier track loading from over the mangers to the feed mixing room and to the silos. This equipment will jcu't down the labor of handling the feed and enable one man to do at least as mur-h work two, If the carrier track #ai not included. • The silos arc both 14 feet by 28 feet and are constructed of hollow vitrified tile. However, any other good silo building material can be used. The barn is of frame construction and a concrete floor In the stable is Indicated. However, if the owner feels that this expense is not Justified, the floor could be made with two or three inches of cinders underneath the surface for drainage. A concrete floor is better as it is more easily kept clean. v •*: • What Can Yon Afford i to Pay for a Home? No young couple should attempt to buy a home until they are ready to pay down at least 25 per cent of the cost in cash, warns Willard K. Denton, president of the Metropolitan league of Savings and Loan associations, writing in Good Housekeeping Magazine. Nor should a family attempt to buy a home whose cost is more than three,, times the sum of the family's annual Income, advises Mr. Denton, whose organization members finance the majority of owner-built homes in New York area. Thus, if a man earns $5,000 a year, he Is Justified under normal circumstances In planning to buy and pay for a $15,000 home, including the cost of ground, in a period ot ten to twelve years. To illustrate the financial advantages of buying or building one's home as opposed to renting, the expert presents tables showing the expenditures of two families living on the same scale over a period of 12 years. The one renting a house at $100 a month and paying for fuel and water, pays out $15,984 over the 12-year period. The other, buying a house an<J lot valued at $10,000 with a $2,500 cash payment, can pay oft mortgages with Interest, taxes, repairs, fuel, water and insurance at a total payment of $18,540, thus owning its home at a cost of only $2,562 more than the first has paid in . rent, ,, v j, v, Outlet fo* Products From Mountainous Interior. . -r >I4F "f-irV.1 Washington.--With the opening or a ;17-mile railroad between San Jorge, on Lake Nicaragua, and San Juan del Sur. on the Pacific ocean, Nicaragua now has a second rail outlet to the lea for coffee, cattle, sugar, and other products raised In Ita mountainous interior. . "The new line pierces the Continental divide at one of Its lowest points and cuts diagonally^ across the route of the proposed Nicaraguan canal," says a bulletin from the National Geographic society. "At its narrowest point this strip of land between Lake Nicaragua grid the Pacific is about 14 miles wide. The railway parallels the route of * stagecoach 'line that In 1849 carried hundreds of prospectors, to the California gold fosh.. - "Nicaragua, also has come Into world news lately #ith the gradual Withdrawal of forces of American marines, who have been maintaining law Slid order"\ln the former revolutiontorn nation. "Nicaragua IS the largest of- the Central American republics and many acclaim it the most beautiful. It has vast forests of precious woods, untold resources of valuable minerals and soil sp fertile that It has been said, 'If you tickle the ground with a hoe it smiles back with a yam.* "After a century of almostperpetual civil war Nicaragua has settled^ down to comparative peace in recent years and already has begun to reap the dividends in amazing progress toward prosperity. Has Lacked Atlantic Doorway. ' "The country has about the same area as New York state, but its total population is only a little larger than that of Pittsburgh, Pa. It has two mountain ridges which nearly inclose the 'Great Lakes of Central America,' Lakes Nicaragua and Managua. There js also another railway line connecting its three chief cities--Managua, the capital, Leon and Granada--with Uie Pacific port of Corinto. "A glance at a Central America map tells the story of Nicaragua's backwardness In bygone years. Costa lUca, to the south, arid Honduras, to the north, are accessible from the Atlantic ocean; all of Nicaragua's important cities are near the Pacific, although they stand on the long Atlantic watershed. At the foot of the moufttains lie her lakes, but she presents to the Caribbean a very unprepossessing 'back yard," with the world's worst real estate designation, the Mosquito coast. "Today, with Los Angeles^ San Francisco and Seattle to tap her markets, Nicaragua's Pacific frontage is a blessing. But yesterday, when the Atlantic ports o? North America and Europe were doing the world's shipping, she was severely handicapped. Named for Indiana. "CnrtoQsly, too. her Mosquito coast was appropriately named by error. The appellation was not intended for the insect, which abounds there, but j is a corruption of the name of the ®,C*X> Indians, the Misskitos, whose descendants make up most of the population of the region. "The country's northernmost Caribbean headland. Cape Gracias a Dios, Is a headline of geography. Columbus explored the Central American coast on his last voyage and, cruising east from Cape Honduras, yjas compelled to take shelter from a storm at a point where the coast abruptly turns to the south. He named the cape Thanks to God' and took possession of the country for Spain. "That was in 1502. A century before the Mayflower touched at Plymouth Rock, the Spaniards were established along the lake region in far western Nicaragua, despite unwelcome volcanic outbursts. The most sensational single eruption, however, occurred within a century from our day --when Cosequina blew off its head in 1835. For days a black pall obscured the sun, dust blanketed the fields and forests, and animals died by the thousands, succumbing to thirst and hunger. "At the foot of Mount Masaya is a lake of that name, and near the lake Is the little town of Masaya. Were it not so remote one might suspect the writer of a once popular American song had stolen the cry of the women fruit venders who drone: RAISING LEVEL OF EACH COW'S YIELD How Individual Production v ^Ias Been Increased. 'I have oranges, papayas, jocotes. Melons of water, of gold, and sapotes, Will you buy? "But Nicaragua also has bananas-- she exports between a million and two million dollars* worth yearly. Only one other crop netssfaer more. It Is coffee." & -1' • " Pride "Pride," said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, ""becomes a great mg»y since it must be inspired by a respect for the opinions of others." , Bulgaria's Punishment fi- Under the treaty of Neuilly, folloi* * tag upon the World war, Bulgaria was disarmed, condemned to a heavy indemnity and lost considerable territory • * ift Creece, Rumania and Yugoslavia. • 1 1 'ill' a Time to Travel Travel is a touchstone, and its variety affords a kind of natural selec* tion among travelers.--Woman's Horns Companion. ' Learns to Fly by Selling Own Blood Chattanooga, Tenn. -- G. H. Franklin, who sold a pint of his own blood five years ago for his first flying lessou, finally has realized his ambition and has taken his first solo flight When a pre-medlcal student at the University of Alabama Franklift' sold a pint of his blood for $25 for a blood transfusion, and spent the money for his first flying lesson. He has been taking flying lessons at various Ifejr & O. CASH. Assistant In Dairy BxtMSlon, University of Illinois College of Agriculture.--WNU Service. The average annual production of 4,691 pounds of milk, or about 545 gallons, by Illinois cows can be built up to a more profitable level, but It taSes more than a single year in which to do It. For instance, after three years or more In dairy herd Improvement association work, 158 Illinois dairymen had so Increased the efficiency of their herds that they were getting an average of $9.10 a year more profit above feed cost on each cow than were 82 dairymen who had been In the association work only one year. On the basis of 10 Cows as the average size of association herds, this would give the dairymen who had been in the herd improvement association work three years or longer an advantage of $145 a yet^r. The figures ar««4)ased on records of 15 dairy her3 improvement associations which completed their fiscal years during recent months. "fhe added profit of the 158 dairymen is the result of carrying out, over an extended period, the principles of better dairying as advocated by the extension service of the agricultural college through the dairy herd improvement associations. The Increase in returns was the result of higher and more efficient production a cow gained through better feeding and closer culling. New Butterfat Record - for New Zealand Cow .'Ites? Zealand pure-bred dairy cattle circles are much excited these days ovejs the phenomenal butterfat record which has recently been made by £ senior four-year-old cow in that country. Woodlands Felicie, owned by ,P. J. Peterson, starting her test at the age of four years, 364 days, produced 17,332.0 pounds of milk and 1,220.89 pounds of fat, with an average test of Just over 7 per cent, in 365 days. ~ This~\gives her the world's record for-the-'lireed for all ages in butterfat, defeating Abigail of Hillside, the United States record, which has stood so long, also the world's four-year mark held In the United States by Darling's Jolly Lassie, with 1,197 and 1,141 pounds of fat respectively. It also wins the New Zealand butterfat record for all breeds, defeating a Holstein which had made 1,145 pounds. Canadian Jersey breeders may be interested to learn that the sire of this fine producer was Bright Sultan, a Canadian-bred bull exported as a two-year-old In 1820.--Montreal Family Herald. Grain in Rations In rations with timothy and silage for roughage, a grain mixture can take the place of about two-fifths of the commonly used high protein grain ration; with clover hay and silage two-thirds or a little more of the high protein grain ration can be replaced and with alfalfa hay and silage good results can be obtained by using the grain mixture alone. A ration of the last kind for a 1,200 pound cow giving 30 pounds of 3ft per cent milk could be as follows: 12 pounds * alfalfa hay, 32 pounds silage, and 0 pounds barley, oats, and peas. Peas in Dairy Ration In the mixtures containing peas. It is found that 15 to 20 per cent of the total digestible nutrients come from the peas, and ttat such mixtures contain about 10 per cent of digestible protein.- For cows of average to good production a grain mixture of such character can take a targe place in dairy rations and replace a considerble proportion of the high protein feeds commonly purchased. WASHINGTON Utter ^ -By- National Editorial Associstion DAIRY FACTS To clean" cows, clip long hair from udder, flanks, and belly. Wipe the udder, before milking, with a cloth moistened In s chlorine disinfectant. Use a hooded pall. Milk dry-handed. • * * Tfre best temperature of the milk for separating is 90 to 98 degrees Fahrenheit and It should be started Immediately after milking. More butterfat Is left In the sklmmilk when cold milk is separated. • • • High average production par e^w Is usually a more Important profit determining factor than Is the price which her products bring on the market Some people lose sight of this fact in periods of depression. , • • • Two things Important In live stock management are feeding well-balanced rations and culling the unfit • • • In producing quality milk, sanitation should start just as soon as the milk leaves the cow's udder, because milk Is a splendid food for germs as well as humafis. Washington, February 1--Definite prospects of a 25 per cent cut in appropriations for government activities has rightfully scared hundreds of thousands of Federal employes. The Democrats of the iSenate, determined to meet one of the mandates of the recent election, have decided to bring about this unusual economy. Talk in official quarters centers on the probable political effect of such drastic measures. It is contended a revision upward of income taxes affecting the rank and file of citizens may be avoided by thrift On the other hand, the political machinery will suffer for the Democrats will have their patronage problem complicated by the 'inevitable loss of jobs which follows curtailment of Federal expenditures. It is not likely that the program will be accomplished overnight. The Congress has until June 30 to handle its money matters of the next fiscal year; And powerful lobby groups are on the warpath to rescue jobs and projects. With less than a month remaining before the gavel sounds the knell of the present Congress, the members arc finally taking stock of their standing with the public. Protests against the empty gestures of the legislative body are registering in some minds. The public attitude is comparable to the belligerent school boy comment of "put up or shut up." The farmers can expect little relief from this scssior. The banking problems are still muddled for the Senate bill is doomed in the House. Railroad measures have little chance of passage. Tariff problems have been intensified by the heavy imports from countries having depreciated currency. Re-organization of government departments has headed against a stone wall. International debts are only at the conversational stage with the present Administration glad to dump them on their successors doorstep. So it goes for other vital issues in the present game of "buck-passing." President Hoover continues to send appointments of postmasters and other patronage matters to the Senate for confirmation. The Democrats have adopted a thumbs down policy on all appointments with the exception of service promotions in the Army, Navy and Marine Corps. It is hard to remove long-termers from office at a time when deserving party workers are demanding recognition. With 42 state legislatures now in session attempting to increase state revenues and the Congress seeking a model system of taxation the future of the taxpayer's dollar is one of the foremost subjects before the country. A special Congressional study of taxation is providing the legislative body with real food for thought. The inquiry showed that there are many serious instances of double taxation or duplication in taxation between the Federal Government and the States. Jt was also disclosed that In view of the number of taxes imposed, the tax revenues are disappointing, and the tax burden, especially on certain specific objects, is reaching the breaking point. Commenting on their studies the special group stated significantly, "to-day it can no longer be said that the tax is levied in accordance with the principle of ability to pay or the principle of benefit received." It is estimated that the total annual tax burden now borne by the people is ten billion dollars. The tremendous increase in taxation shown by the proportion of taxes to total taxable wealth in the United States is $3.98 per $100. The Federal taxes amount to $1.01 per $100 of taxable wealth. Home owners will be interested to know that the property tax averages about 74 per cent of all State and local taxes. Taken as a whole, the taxes seem to be distributed well between rural and urban communities. The average for all predominantly rural States is $3 per $100, and for all predominantly urban States $2.95 per $100. A survey of Federal and State taxes shows that in the 9 year period ending 1931 there has, been an increase of $11.16 per capita in property taxes and a decrease of $1.90 per capita in all other taxes. Therefore, there has been net increase in the per capita tax burden of $9-66, all of which may be properly ascribed to property-tax increases. ; " Whether tlte T«p«ri af tfe»18th Amendment or the sale of beer will change this heavy tax load is a debated subject. The special Congressional study disclosed, "The fact that nearly 65 per icent of our total tax burden in 1913 was collected from the sale of liquors and Only about 10 per cent from incomes, in comparison with the fact that over 76 per cent of our total tax burden in 1931 was collected on incomes and only about onehalf of 1 per cent from the sale of liquors, shows how greatly our Federal tax system has been revolutionized. It is obvious that an entirely different class of the population now bears the principal burden of the Federal tax." Tipperarjr Tlpperary Is a town which gives • name to an Irish county, called In old* Irish "Tiobraid-Arann," "the well of Ara," from a once famous well in the main street of the town. POTPOURRI Uncanny Ability of Bats The normal bat has unusual sight, but even If blind Is guided In Its maneuverlngs by an uncanny sense of feeling in the air. A set of nerves about Its nose which control the wings, keeps It from bump--* Ing Into branches, wires and other obstacles.* Scientists have made many tests which proved this highly developed sensftivlty. e. Wll. Waiter* Newspaper Dales. *' "April Windiest Month A record kept in Ottawa showed that April is the windiest month of the year in Canada followed In order by March, December, November. February, October, May, September, A«- gust, June, January and July. r "The First American Life Insurance Company" -'"'A ,.Or.24;;V|: • ';;j • . : -1*. ~'S " * v . " i 'i- The first policy written by The Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York was issued February Jat, 1843.:. . v "C"V'•••IS*--. The Company has withstood the ravages of wars, epidemics and financial disturbances during this period of ninety years, and emerges today stronger than ever with over One Billion One Hundred Million Dollars of Assets. The usual forms of life insurance are-wi^tten, also investment endowments, annui^iesand retirement income contracts. PERCY R. FORMAN District Manager, Phone Crystal Lake 475 You Need Not Know Life Insurance^ If You Know Your Insurance Man. ~ f p - ' i * i a -- i r-rri,Ti ii.iiT»i r ,'i i«Tw fr f n i«~. iir i~ v Complying With the Law at Berea, Ohio Th*> town council of Berea, Ohio, a suburb of ciexttlaad, recently passed an ordinance requiring any animal, driven or ridden through the streets, to be equipped with tail lights. It applies equally to horses, mules, dogs, cats, monkeys, or any other animal that can be driven. Miss Marlon Boehn Is pte» tured here as she started on a late afternoon ride, equipped'la compliant* with the latest edict of the town's solons. Prehistoric Life in Kentucky Uncovered ' Life Like Ckrittmu Tree Jud Tunklns says life is something like a Christmas tree. It starts looking pretty much the same for every- -body. The happiness it brings depends on yourself. For Ladies Only ... When the Bacchanalian festivals were Introduced into Roroe about 200 B. C., they were attended only by ladies.--Collier's Weekly. Where the range of production is wide, culling out the lowest producers will reduce the Income only a few dollars, but there will be a decided Bring Anxiety "Many holidays," said HI Ho, the of Chinatown, "when working days are needed, bring as not repose, But anxiety." Ps'i Percentage Aa average family, says the census bureau, consists of 8.34 persons. The .84 is the one who bring home the wage envelope and looks after* the heater.--Philadelphia ietin. Sweden's Oldest Temple hundred years have since the foundation was laid for the Linkoplng cathedral, one of Sweden's oldest and,, most beautiful tempI&S. The adversary was observed MIIJK. a Here are some of the skeletons and relics brought to light during the excavations near Wickliffe, Ky„ at by Fain W, King, retired Paducah lumberman, which archeologists agree furnish the best pictures (discovered of prehistoric life in the United States. Wve been the site of a metropolis 3,000 years ago. being ,-A : : • -Wl • Vu' ' i'A