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• YhursdaT, September 20,1SS4 f-}:•• ~ . r - '\?m 4^ 'mSSmmm '• ^v\\ M^EDBNSf Page S«rea S>J A ' ^ f . - 7| '-, py•*" •' A CENTRAL GARAGE FRED J. SMITH, Prop. JOHNSBURG, ILL. Best Equipped Garage in Northern Illinois TOWING AND REPAIRING Agency For . Johnson Sea Horses Full Line of Parts for Johnson Motors , >- \%s* r: HOW= OHDRMNO OP BUTTJCR WAS DISCOVERED ON PLAINS.-- Thousands of years ago as Aryan horseman galloped across an Asian plain. At his side hung a goatskin containing soar goat's milk for •nourishment, notes a writer in tlx** Indiana Farmer's Guide. The jour ney \\'as a long one. the road rough and the day warm. With a shout nd ware of his free hand he was gone. Faster and faster he rode and was soon out of range of his friends. Now and then he slackened his reins that his horse might breathe more slowly, thep on again, now fast, now slow until at length his destination loomed In "sight. For a moment after he dismounted his eyes ranged the vast, plains. Over his face rested a smile of satisfaction of something accom- -plished. He knew he could do it but now he was hungry and thirsty iand he reached for his goatskin. To his astonishment , it contained only a yellow mass. The gods were often mysterious In those far- * off days I Still he was In need of refreshment so he pinched off a bit and tasted it Not so bad he • thought as he pinched off another bite, this somewhat larger thaq the first It was good ! He hastened to tell his fellow herdsmen what bad happened. They, too. tried the product of the galloping churn and smacked their lips. Not lbng after that herdsmen could be seen riding over the plains carrying goatskins .filled with sour goat's milk makkjg golden butter. Even to this day in some parts of the world butter is • made in this manner. " How "Throwing Hat in the Ring'* Got Into Limelight sit The expression, "throwing the hat toi. the ring," in the sense of entering ;:Wr political campaign or announcing _one's candidacy for office, came from the wrestling and boxing ring. It was popularized in 1912 by Theodore Roosevelt. Early in that year he was asked to deliver an address before the Ohio constitutional convention then in session at Columbus. On February 21, While he was passing through Cleveland bn his way to the state capital, newspaper reporters asked him whether he intended to run for President in the coming campaign. "My hat is in the ring. You will have my answer on Sfonday," replied Roosevelt, who was familiar with western sporting slang. „ Jt was customary in the West a generation ago, and is so at present in S6me sections, for a man to volunteer to enter a boxing or wrestling match by throwing his hat into the ring. This .custom Is a survival of the old gauge of battle. - r , How Far Honeybees Travel ' How far does a bee travel, for neeliar? The Journal of Agricultural Refearch, published in Washington, gives »- report of J. E. Eckert of the flteld : station at Laramie, Wyo., which has been making experiments. Bees were placed In the desert at various distances from Irrigated fields where nectar was obtainable. Observations extending over three summers showed that the bees gathered honey from a field more than eight miles away. Beekeepers agree that about two miles is as far as it is wise to place bees from the pasture on which they must Jcpead. How SalMea Leap FilW . The bureau of fisheries says that a salmon in attempting to ascend an absolutely perpendicular fall will leap at the fall from a much broader angle and probably touch the water at about , two-thirds of the height from there. l3f the fall Is not too high, the fish can reach the top by energetic swimming. It conld not ascend a 15-foot fall all the way from the bottom. It is possible that If the pool at the foot of a 15-foot fall were deep enough for a good start a salmon might succeed In mounting H. How Old Rifles Wora Loaded In loading with the old style of cartridge for muazle-loading rifles before the Civil war, the paper over the powder was bitten or twisted off, and the powder poured in, the bullet being, then inserted and rammed home. In the first breech-loaders, similar cartridges were used but trouble developed through the escape of gas from the breech to the mechanism and the .metallic cartridge was developed to. obviate this difficulty. „ WHY= Bald Eagle Is Used as Our National Emblem - The eagle was called in ancient mythology the bird of Jove, and It was believed that it bore the souls of the dying to their abode on Mount Olympus. The bird was also sacred to Vishnu ifi the mythology of India, and is the bird of wisdom in the mythology of the Scandinavians. The ancient Etruscans first took the; eagle as a symbol of royal power and bore its image upon their standards The Romans adopted the same symbol in the year 87 before Christ, the sec ond year of the consul Marius. A'sil ver eagle, with expanded wings, poised on the top of a spear, with a thunderbolt held in its claws, was adopted as the military standard to be borne at the head of the legions, ^liis Image was made of silver until the tittle of Hadrian, after which it was made of gold. The standard adopted by the Byzantine emperors was a two-headed eagle, as a symbol of their control of both the east and the west From these early standards come, all the eagles on , the standards , of modern nations. , The emblem used in the United States is the large, bald-headed eagle. Its use, which'dates to the beginnings of the republic, was partly inspired by its connection with the Romans, those early champions of civil liberty; but of course, also by the bird itself, which has always occupied* a position in human esteem similar to that of the lion. It suggests power and commands respect^, and acknowledges no creature as its superior. * . LOVE LETTERS WRITTEN ABOUT A CENTURY AGO Why Airplanes Use Tail Wheels Instead of Skids Some airplanes are equipped with tail skids, while others have tail wheels. The tail skid, usually a wooden arrangement, .with a metal shoe, was in general use on airplanes u'htil someone discovered, only a few years ago, that an airplane with a wheel beneath Its tail was more readily maneuverable on the ground than one with a stick dragging along the earth. In addition, the t$ii wheel causes no damage to whatever the airplane may be landed upon, while the older tail skid was prone to rip open the surface of golf courses, alfalfa fields, airport runways and so qn. Gradually tail skids are giving way to the wheel arrangement ; but, because the wheel has not supplanted the skid entirely, one may see either at an airport. Virtually all modern aircraft, exc(«t)t the very small, lightweight machines, now come equipped with tail wheels rather than skids.--Kansas City Star. Why Oyster* Are Transplanted In oyster culture the grounds are carefully cleaned by dredging, and on part adult oysters \are planted for growing purposes, and also to serve as a spawning bed. Just previous to the time of spawning thousands of bushels of old oyster shells are planted in thfe vicinity, of the spawning beds usually from 500 to 1,000 bushels per acre. In the early fall an inspection of the shells is made to determine how heavy a crop of seed oysters has become attached to them. In spring they are transplanted to the growing grounds, generally in deeper water and unfavorable for oyster reproduction, so that oysters placed tHere are not covered and overcrowded by successive generations. On these grounds the seed oysters are given ample room for growth and reach marketable sice in from two to five years. ; How Long Texas Was Republic On March 2, 1836, Texas proclaimed Her independence, and maintained It When Gen. Sam Houston's army defeated Santa Anna at the head of l,f»00 troops in the battle of San Ja cinto, April 21, 1830. In 1S37, the United States, England, France and Belgium recognized thfe new gov eminent and Texas remained independent until annexed by the United ..States fa December 29, 1845. • How Arc Welding Is Done Arc welding is electric welding. The direct current is generally used, the electrode being the negative terminal, the work of the positive terminal. Touching, the work with the rod and withdrawing it slightly draws an arc between them, and the intense heat soon brings the work to the yeldlng temperature. _ How Much Heaviest Horses Weigh Records of the heaviest horses are •ery difficult to obtain! The Department of Agriculture says that one of the heaviest horses on record weighed a little more than 3,600 pounds. : :Why Devil I. "Old Nick* This familiar nickname for hU satanic majesty is derived from Nikken, the name of a demon-like evil spirit In ancient Scandinavian mythology, writes G. R. Turner in the Kansas City Times. Nikken, according to the folklore of the Northland; loved to frequent pits and mines and other dark Regions leading to the bowels of the earth. Thus it was, because of his haunts, that he and Satan became identified as one and the same person. From the same source was derived the word, nickel, the name of a common metal, suggested probably by the dark mines in which the ore was originally found. Why a ^fan Loves His Dog You have no rival in your dog's affections-- his love Is all yours. He never tells you his troubles. He trusts you-to the uttermost with a faith that is wonderful, blind, inexplicable. He is polite and thanks you with his tail for every kigd word you give him. You do not have to make .company of him. He thinks that whatever you do is all right. He will follow you to tbe epd of the earth. He respects your moods antt tries to please yon; He never pries Into your secrets and does not constantly tell you his troubles. He misses you when you are away and always welcomes your return. Letter Eleven St. Louis, Mo„ Oct, 1842 A Trtoe Friend: I must acknowledge your kind letter, which I |ook so much pleasure in perusing that I received the 24th of last'April. I received it iri twenty days from the time it was-mailed. If I recollect right. I took your letter to read in this way: that-you did not feel as though you could cpnsent to come to the west for one or two reasons that you gave and then said that you did not know how you might feel at some future date, so I formed various opinions as to what ypu wished for me to understand. I hope 1 formed a. wrong opinion^ butjthat Is more than I can tell at the present- But if I understand your last two letters aright, and I think I do, they bcith read very much alike, the one I received last spring and the one that I received the other day from Chicago that you trusted in the hands of Mr. Walker, which came safe to hand. I was very glad to receive it, although it was more than I had any reason to expect from you; and it satisfied me that I was not forgotten by you. C. if anyone had told me when 1 left there that I would not return before now I should have thought that they were joking me but the time has passed away and I jhardly know how. I anticipated each year of going back the next, until I have almost given, it up as I cannot get things to my mind here yet and I feel almost discouraged in trying to. for I am not so well prepared this* fall as ,1 was last. It has been a thing almost impossible to get anything tol<do, and if you do it it takes longer for you to get your mney than it does to earn it. It is the hardest time that I have ever experienced in my life. I left Nesv Orleans the laiist of February and came to this place where I found but little or nothing to do; but people from New York said that times were better here than they were there. I pity them. I have been engagd on a steamboat ever since the first of July where I was getting very good wages to run on the river between here and New Orleans as a carpenter and I liked my work very much but I have to be introduced into the climate by having the bilious fever. It has laid me up for the last five weeks. My health has got to be good again and I am now waiting for the boat to return so I can go on it again. e It has been very healthy to the. south this summer. I was in New Orleans in July and August and in September and there was but little sickness there, and it has got to be too late in the season for sickness now. When I consider that you and I have been exchanging letters for so long a time, and the different places in which I have received letters from you, it makes me almost think that I am too unsteady minded to ever make up my mind to settle down in the world. Many times since I have wished that I had won a partner that I though would be contented with me, let my situation be what it would in life. But I think that such a person would be hard to find and it is the easiest thing in the world to get disappointed one way or another in any person that one may get acquainted with. For many anticipate a great deal more than they have been able to get. Such has been the case with me. But I am still anticipating. came t think it over. And this may be t9 one that has placed high confidence in me and .she may be deceived in me for I have deceived myself several times in setting times that I would return there to see you when I belieVe that I could make myself happy when I believed that you were willing to spend your days with- me wherever I might wish you to go. Shall I see you this season? -I .can not decide yet but I mean to know how I stand this year as, to property for I have made some wild calculations since I have been, out here. They are best known to myself and I hope to make up for some of my folly, as well as hard luck, for I am confident that I can do as well here as I can anywhere whether I farm it or not- If I can sell my land *6 suit me I think that I shall. T 'V y Caroline Colburn has written: "received March 23, 1846. Answered the 26th") Letter Fourteen Nenw Orleans, Apr., 25,. 1M6. Far distant Friend: * * ~ • Caroline, I received your letter dated one month ago today two weeks since, which I do assurg you I was very happy to receive and learn that you still placed the uttermost confidence in me, although so long absent from you. I must say that your letter gave me the greatest pleasure in the world to see that you still placed some confidence in me as to be plain in what you wrote to1 me and wished me to help which I intend to do. I mean that before long I shall settle down in* the world with a home. Shall it be you Caroline? I leave.it for you to decide. But it has always been my wish that it might be although I intend to live so far from our native place. I have often wished that I had been married before now for I believe that I would have been better off than I how am. if I had been married years ago. I have been I have been folloWfhg the river for' waiting to get things tp my mind, nearly two years and l'ike'it verv well j^ut I find that I never shall be able and I think that I Can<do better tftkn to m*ke it-to..get things as I would I can on a farin at .pre^nt. I pre- , sume yox» da not to. be a farmer's wife yet. I have travelled. thirty-five hundred miles the past year so that you can judge that I have been travelling constantly and have had a chance to see a variety of people of all nations. The distance from St. Louis to Keoikuk, Iowa, is two hundred and ten miles. It has been so long since I have written before that I am getting tired of and you must excuse me for this time and I hope that I will have to answer a letter from" you soon and I assure you that I will as soon as I hear from you. My health is good and I hope that this may find you en? joying the same blessing. This is from your negligent but sincere friend. ° Apr. 10, 1845. " W. LADD. (Caroline Colburn/ received this letter April 26, 1845.) I expect to remain in this part of the country until another summer- I h6pe to hear from you again soon to convince me that you have excused me for my negligence to you. I wish you to do that which you think will be the best for your happiness without any regards of the past. As you well know that has alway been my motto. You shall always have my best wishes Whether you consider me a friend or not, let me be where I may. I hope to hear from you soon as I expect you think I am old enough to have * double mind. W. C. L. "v; •' Why Temperatures Vary, • - of the principal factors In the difference of teiftperature is distribution of land and water over the earth. The land is easily heated and cooled, while the water Is not. These characteristics are communicated to the overlying air, and also, through the medium of winds, to the air of adjacent regions. Thus, the greatest extremes of temperature are found in the interiors, of continents, while equable tempera tures prevnii on n ds and coasts. Why Dum-Dum Ballets So Called They were first made in Dum-dum, a military town In India. They were partly encased in st^L The soft core spread or expanded upon striking, thereby increasing the Injuries lnmcted. • i i im ' Wiser WoMaat-;- • "There have been manv wise men in the world," said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. "Yet much hope lies in the fact that nature's economy provides for nearly every wise roan a still wiser woman." ; - Fog' Sailors' Worst Enemy Of the six daggers of the sea, fog, lire, icebergs, storm, rocks and shoals, .sailors reckon fog as far their worst enemy.' • .•* •. : v Letter Twelve t __ St. Louis, Mo., Mar- 27, 1845. Long neglected and true friend: Caroline, I feel as though you are the only true and sincere friend that I have upon the earth, but "that is more* than you can say of me, for if I had been as anxious to have heard from you as you appeared to be to hear from me, I would not have neglected to have answered your kind and I believe sincere letter, which I received almost one year since ano which assured me of the utmost confidence that you have in me by -saying that you would be willing to spend your days with me, let my situation be what it may, or in any place that I may wish you to go. - Caroline, I believe that you speak what you feel sincere in that love one to the other will make them happy without riches. For sincere love hides men's imperfections and I am well aware or I should have and never have -received the letter that I did not long since, which reminded me that I hav^ a true friend although neglected by me and an anxious mother who I believe feels anxious that I should return there. She thinks that wben I return that t will return with the determination to settle down somewhere. F received a letter from K. Sawyer Letter Thirteen Dear Friend Caroline: . . I once more take the privilege to call you a friend, but that is more than I need to expect of you after neglecting you so fong, knowing you to be a true and sincere friend and that you have always taken every opportunity to write me that was offered you. I received your letter that "you sent by Mr. Walker last September- I was very happy to hear from you once more, although it has been a long time since I had had the happiness of hearing from you but I could not give up but that you were a freind still. Your letter was very happily expected by me and gave me all the sensible excuse I could ask for when I came to peruse it and learn how much you had been confined on account of sickness in your •family, which I "was very sorry to hear of. I hope this may find you in good health and prosperity. My health is very good now and has been since last September, when I was sick a short time with a fever I expect that you will be surprised when you see this letter dated at New Orleans because it would have given you more satisfaction to have seen one dated New York or Boston. I have been here ever since last October and expect to remain here until May if I am prospered as I have been since I have been here. And then I think that I shall go to Mc- Henry again for that seems the most like home of any place that I can go to. I was there in June , last and was sorry to leave that place for it had improved so since I had gone, with the exception of my place. I presumfe that you have heard from Mr.'Walker abput the west and and how he likes his son--homes and probably mine too. So I presume Caroline that you have made up your mind in regard to that place, haven't you, Caroline ? If so I hope you wittwrite to me your opinion about it for I want to know what you think of Illinois. I suppose you have heard all kinds of stories in regard to that"^. place. I do not know how to. excuse myself for not answering your letter that you sent by Mr. Walker, only by putting it off from one time tox another, and being always on the shift from one place to another. When I received it I thought that I would -write to you right off buf have not until now if J remember right. I must acknowledge that it is not right to use a true friend so and I hope that you will excuse me again for you know my failings so well heretofore. It is seldom that I get a letter from any place and none from Hebron anymore except from you and it is seldom I write to anyone except the Walkers. I received a letter from brother Page not long since and he miade use of your name in it and also mother wrote some in it. She expressed great anxiety for me to come on there and make them all a visit. She never writes txrme but that she mentions your name. I will tell you what she wrote last- "f hope you will come on and visit your friends this summer and Caroline in particular, for I think that she is worthy of your attention." That is true mother. Caroline, I have maje up my mind that if I have my health thh>ugh the summer to come on there this fail and see all old friends whether they wfll own me or not for a friend. I hope to hear from you before I have to go like to have to begin to keep house with. Shall we try it or-not borrow any trouble for I have enough to be out of debt and have my land free and clear and a little something over, but I know that expenses of coming out there and back again will be considerable, not knowing what expense I would need to be to begin to keep house with. You know best, for you know what things we would have to buy to begin with in a new country. It would not do to- have too much for we would have more than our neighbors would. If you wilL-write to me and let me know how you are situated for such a task and what you think of it. I hope to fyjd a letter in McHenry from you when I get there. I shall leave here the first of June for that place. My health has been very good since I have been here and I have been very well prospered. I have called to see your cousin. He was rather surprised when he came to know me. He says, "You have not been back to marry that girl yet. That is too bad and you have missed it." Perhaps so, who knows ? Mr. Evans left here in February for Texas and he has not heard fronY since. He said that he had a letter from you last winter that informed him of the death of your sister. You ha^e been left to mourn her loss. I had not heard of her death until I received your letter but I expected that that would be the next news that I would learn by what you wrote to me last about her. It is hard to part with near friends when they are called to exchange this world for a better, I hope. I am getting tired of trying to write to you and I hope I shall "not have to write to you many more times before I shall have the pleasure of seeing you again. I shall expect to have another good long letter from you when I get to my place. I must tell you how to direct your letters as we have a new postoffice withon one mile of our house, which I presume will be news to you. It is called Ring wood, so that your letters can come nearer than they did when they had to come to Chicago. I expect that you will "think it' strange when you come to read this letter, but I hope I shall have the pleasure of( hearing from this letter when I arrive in McHenry. I hope you may receive this in good health and prosperity and believe me to be your sincere friend. As sSch I do consider you, Caroline. WESLEY. I will answer your letter soon if T have to do it by the Word of mouth. If so it will be the longest chat we have had for some time--- - u THE END ' 7 Phones-r200-Jr * " ir* . . •» . NNiig ht--640-J-2 w- smi* "M PERSONAL -- ^ % • STATIONERY Distinctively Smart 200 Sheets and 100 Envelopes Choice of Linen, Ripple or Vellum •J^rinted with Name, and Address on Sheets and on _ .. Flap of Envelopes Four Lines, Gothic or Old English Blue, Black or BrownTInk--Neatly Boxed. "Ideal For Gift Giving" , Order Today From * THE M(«Y- PIAIW -/ J J :« - Vi i.. in which I found that mother had f been to see you not long since and | north for it will be in about two that you had not heard from me for months before I leave here. Shall I a year, and she says what is true-- hear'from you or not. If I do I that I do ont treat you right by not writing to ^ou for I do not know how anxious you are to hear from me. Caroline, it is true I know for I feel -tmxious to hear from you although I you will answer you soon if wished so by you. I still remain your true friend and well wisher whether we may ever be connected in life or not. You shall do not give you the privilege of ans- have the best wishes whether we may wering many letters from me but it • ever be connected in life or not. You is not because I have! forgotten you j shall have the best wishes of yoUT for I have written several that I have j old and long absent friend through never sent for I could not feel satisfied with what I did write when I j <In V&cA on the back of the letter trouble