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tp the present administration. A ship canal basbeenromtnenced; whicB' WllI the town, INDENTS. TO for this pat>er ahould bo WZm. v ,:V ' X ; s of the s=*hcr; set n==essariJ? fts , bn'tka an evidence of good faith on this pari «f the frrlter. Write only on one aide of the paper. B«? ; careful, in giving names and dates, to have the letf era and figures plain and distinct. ( A London cablegram brings the start­ ling news that Queen VlctoHa Is grow­ ling'old; but. perhaps she "may out­ grow it Something of big proportions must "foe brewing in Muskegon.--Grand Rap­ ids Democrat Wrong; Milwaukee's Uncle Sam's exhibit of war vessels at . Kiel appears to have given the neigh- \ 3>ors occasion for considerable gossip. » It was rather better than they expected. f Just as the summer dullness Is at 3hand St Paul and Minneapolis trot out the old census quarrel, and newspaper paragraphers whose brains had run dry Tise up and bless the Twin Cities. Some of the republics south of us are said to order a good deal of railroad Iron from the United States. If these States would buy more railroad iron and fewer guns they, would get on much more comfortably. Melbourne, the. rainmaker, has con­ fessed himself a fraud. Uncle Sam, who was also in the ralnmaking busi­ ness awhile, doesn't-eonfess so frankly, but he admits bis undertaking was a failure. - > All that the young man of to-day asks Is that he be considered upon his own merits, and subjected ;to no compari­ son with his father, or anybody else of kin, who may have achieved an exalted position in public life. The Wheeling drummer who, through i mistake, got into a hotel room with a peddler's corpse, and made an outcry, was rather a weak man. A Chicago drummer would have applied restora­ tives in the hope of selling him some ' goods. "If I hadn't &j^ik and been reckless," i says John L. WRvan, "I might have been high up in the political world to­ day." At any rate, John L. might have been a sober and respectable citizen, which is more than there is any present prospect of his ever becoming. A scientist ascribes the pleasant taste of good butter to the presence of an easily digestable species of bacilli. This is gratifying. As long as we must have becilll in. everything we eat and drink, it is reassuring to know that there are some kinds which are palat­ able and easy to digest The discovery of Dr. Artman that in 10 per cent of American human bodies examined there were trichinae indicates that we are getting whatever diseased meat cannot be shipped to Europe. Our medical men may now find a trichinae diagnosis useful in some of the doubt­ ful complaints they meet. City Treasurer Bolln, of Omaha, grew so indignant over the charge that he was a "defaulter" that he resigned his position and proved to an expert that the "irregularities" amounted to $37,- 000 only. As a "regulator" we advise Omaha to prescribe for Mr. Bolln regu lar hours, plain food, plenty of work and a striped suit with the Gulf of Mexico." "Rivaled" is good. The Hariem canal is less than twc miles Iqrig and dug chiefly through mud. The drainage canal Is more than thirty miles long, cut mainly through solid rock. Less than $2,000,- 000 was spent on the New York ditch, while if the hapless tax-payers of Chi­ cago finish their little essay in canal- ling for $25,000,000 they will be In "great luck. New York seems-to be suffering from -the idiosyncrasy which afflicted the Podunk editor, who con­ stantly referred to "our loathsome rival, the London Times." Newspaper readers have a vague rec­ ollection of seeing a good many dis­ patches from- Idaho two years ago about'serious troubles In the Coeur d' Alene mines. A dispute arose between the employers and the workmen, and the latter abandoned their places. New men were easily found who were ready to accept the terms offered, and then there were the usual troubles, with threats and violence. The controversy ran on for some time, and at last the dispatches ceased to mention the mat­ ter. People at the East supposed that it had been settled in the usual way, by the restoration Of order and the re­ sumption of work. It appears, how­ ever, that the mines have been closed during these two years, and a great in­ dustry has been paralyzed/ because the State authorities were uuable to pro­ tect men who wished to work against other men wbo forbade any one to work under a certain scale of prices, and threatened to burn, blow up, and destroy the property of owners, and to maim and kill workmen If the pro­ hibition were disregarded. The expla­ nation is that Idaho lacks the public sentiment to command the restoration of order and the militia to enforce the command. It is really nothing but an aggregation of a few thousand lawless Voters. ILLINOIS INCIDENTS. SQpER OR STARTLING,3 FULLY RECORDED. A New York gentleman writes«io the World of that city to inquire if he may "wear a straw hat to a full dress ball." And the World says "no." Well, why not? The straw hat is light and well calculated to keep the glare of the elec­ tric lamps out of the eyes. Besides the Inquirer may not feel like paying $5 or $10 for a conventional tile merely to dance in so long as he can get a fairly good straw hat for a quarter. Once more the story that Chauncey Depew is to be married is going, through all the papers, having taken a fresh start in Washington, and Chauncey is also once more regularly denying the story. He says now, in his desperation and discouragement: "I know of no young lady worth $8,000,000 who would have me." Here is a chance for young ladles worth $8,000,000 to speak up. Those having only seven millions and a half can send postal cards. The compliments bestowed by Em­ peror William and other foreign critics upon our warships at Kiel are as grati­ fying as they are deserved. We sent cruisers of four different classes to the celebration, and each one is without a superior in her class in any foreign navy. The New York is an armored cruiser which 4s surpassed in her -line- only by her sister ship, the Brooklyn. For a superior to the Columbia as a commerce destroyer of moderate size we have to look to her own mate, the Minneapolis. The San Francisco, al­ though several years old, remains a naval gem, attracting admiration wher­ ever she goes, and the Marblehead is as good a type of the small cruiser, just abpve a gunboat, as can be found any­ where. The majority of farmers have too Ht- . tie money invested In stock. They have animals enough, such as they are, but in saving the cost of these they get them just below the quality requisite to make them pay. Fewer in number but better qualify will produce a profit and this will enable the farmer to feed all his grain as well as coarse fodder at home. When the farmer can do this his gains will be much larger than from selling J{ Arse grain. The increase-cf valuable bOtak pays a large profit on the cost of keeping it The increase of po^r stock is often so poor that It Is unsalable at any price, and this increase only makes the farmer poorer than he would be without it Kill or sell all the unprofit­ able stock as soon as possible, and if you have only money enough to stock up with poultry let that be of the best A cautious correspondent of the New York Sun begins an article on the Chi- . cago drainage canal thus: "The great waterway joining th6 Hudson river and Long Island sound Is rivaled as an engineering enterprise by the canal thirty miles in length that Is to form . the last link connecting Lake Michigan Bradstreet's has a very Interesting review of the business failures for the first six months of 1895 as compared with the corresponding periods of sev­ eral preceding years. The number of business failures for the first half of the current year is given at 6,597, as against 6,239 for the first half of 1894. In fact the number for 1895 has not been exceeded for many years, if ever before, in our financial history--cer­ tainly not since 1879. There has been an increase in the number of failures in tlie western, northwestern and southern States and a decrease In the eastern, middle and Pacific States and in the Territories. There is no great difference between the liabilities of the failed traders for the two periods of 1S94 and 1895. In the first half of 1894 the liabilities were $82,555,339 and in 1895 they were $79,707,861, while there was about the same difference in the assets of the bankrupts of the two periods. In the northwestern States the largest number of failures Is reported from the States of Minne­ sota, Nebraska and Montana. In the western States Illinois, Michigan and Missouri show a considerable increase in the number of failures. There is no doubt but that the relatively un­ favorable showing in the States of the West is due entirely to the failure of the crops in some portions of those States. That the business depression is passing away is shown by compar­ ing the first and second quarters of the y^ar. For the first quarter of 1895 the number of failures was 3,812 and for the second quarter 2,785. The liabili­ ties for the first quarter were $46,- 910,443, as against $32,797,418 for the second. On the whole, the showing is not unfavorable. Many conservative men think the revival of business is too sudden and too rapid to indicate per­ manency after so severe a panic as the country has passed through, but the majority account for the impetus by the fact that stocks of all kinds were greatly reduced and they believe that present and future demands will main­ tain tne increase and activity now very generally experienced throughout the country. Some Forms of Fungi. Scarcely a day passes in which we do not see some forms of fungi, so common are they--inhabiting every nook and corner. If we walk in the fields, the woods, even In the dooryard, we see the little white, gray and brown um­ brellas of the toadstools and .mush­ rooms. Going to the preserve/ closet we see that on the tops of many of the bottles a white growth has formed. Our old shoes hidden away in the dark have a greenish dust upon them; this is another fungus; and the "mother" in vinegar claims eousinsliip with the yeast which raises our bread. The paste-pot is flecked with pink, green and gray spots, all fungi. Some of the grain crops are often subject to partial or complete-destruction from different kinds of fungi--the "smut" of wheat and corn, ergot of rye and others. Silkworms are destroyed in vast num­ bers by a mold. Its spores, entering their bodies, fill the whole interior, and cause death in from seventy to a hun­ dred and forty hours. The hop crop is often ruined by "mildew." One strange fungus attacks a kind of caterpiller, growing like a tree from his back until it is much larger than the poor worm, that crawls about with his unwelcome guest until It kills him:--St Nicholas. Electrie Elevator in Every House. A well-known electrical authority has pointed out that it is now as easy and cheap to have an electric elevator In a private house as in a large office building. Stairs are literally a barbar­ ism, to which women frequently owe ill healtli, and to which many delicate persons may attribute the deprivation of the full enjoyment of their homes. The cost- of operating an electric ele­ vator in, say, a five-story house, mak­ ing fifty or sixty trips every day, will not exceed $3 or $4 per month. The devices for operating these elvators have been so Improved that an invalid or a child can manage them. The old lever arrangement can be dispensed with, and the elevator ascends or de­ scends on the pressure of a button."" It will stop only at each floor,, and will start only When the elevator door is closed. * Coming to the Front. Mississippi, from being one of the poorest -Has attained excellent rank among the Southern States, It wealth is valued at $110,628,129. - > .' ' Wind and Hail Do Widespread Dam­ age-More Evidence Against Suspect King--Representative Merritt Would Institute a Much-Needed Reform. Ravages of a Storm. Storms, combining cyclones, cloud­ bursts, ha.il and lightning, raged general­ ly over the Northwest and West late Fri­ day night and early Saturday morning. At several Central Illinois points cyclonic wind demolished city and country struc­ tures, Snapped off trees and ' did. great damage to crops. / Corn and fruit were ruined in many places. North Dakota farmers- estimate their loss on corn and wheat at $500,000. Hail accompanied the storm, beating down the crops so they looked as if they had been crushed by a steam roller. Wichita, Kau., was partly inundated by water from the swollen Arkansas River; In Indian Territory several washouts occurred along the rail­ roads, and in the bottom lands people were obliged to flee for their lives to high grounds. A cyclone raged in parts of In­ diana. Near Indianapolis considerable damage was. done. At Alexandria the mill of the Union Iron and Steel Com­ pany was partly demolished. 3* Patrick Sears was caught in the ruins and severe­ ly injured. Three hundred men'./are thrown out of employment. Wisconsin, too, bad a taste of the blow, but in Mich­ igan the reports are only of a grateful, rain that broke a particularly protracted drouth, .I.. To Abolish Fees. A measure was introduced in the State Legislature by Mr. Merritt to abolish the fee system., He said his resolutions merely proposed that all public officers should be paid fo*r, their services at tixed salary, and that all fees be paid with a stamp, to be issued.by the State and pur­ chased by the persons from whom such fees may be due. He denounced the pros ent fee system as pernicious. A Chi­ cago justice of the peace who, when elect­ ed, was a commercial traveler, had stated that his income from the business of ap­ proving bonds alone amounted to $10,- 000 a year, and that his office, ever since he held it, had yielded him frqm $15,000 to $20,000 per annum. Mr. Merritt thought it a very defective system of jurisprudence which enabled a justice of the peace to make three or four times as much as a justice of the Supreme Court, of Illinois. He declared also that the State would derive a large amount of rev­ enue from the stamp system proposed by his resolution. Bill to Tax Ball Games. The bill introduced by Representative McCarthy to tax baseball games makes the following provisions: There shall be paid into the State treasury a tax of 2 per cent, upon the gross receipts of all games of ball, commonly called baseball, played within an inelosure, and to which an ad­ mission fee is charged. The owner or owners or person or persons having charge of such inclosed grounds shaJl make an annual report on Nov. 20 of eacn year, under oath, of the gross receipts from games of ball, commonly called base­ ball, played therein, to the County Treas­ urer of the county wherein said grounds are located, and shall pay to said County Treasurer 2 per cent, of the gross re­ ceipts so reported. Such County Treasur­ er shall immediately remit the amount re­ ceived to - the State Treasurer. No games of ball, commonly called base- brfll, to which jhi admission fee is charg­ ed, shall be played in an inelosure on Sunday. Find Suspect King's Satchel.^ Late discoveries at Lincoln in the Lewis McAfee murder case have been such as to fast,en the crime upon Charles King by an almost unbroken chain of evidence. It was found that he had been in the vicinity of McAfee's house all day Satur­ day and that he was seen at the point where the assassin's footprints were lost track of on Sunday morning, and diligent search resulted in his capture in a corn field Monday night. However, there was still no proof that he was the man who made the tracks through the cornfield. Forty-three men searched the fields with satisfactory results, for the missing satch­ el belonging to King was found near the trail along which he tied. It had been tossed two rows from the tracks, but had fallen into weeds so that it was not seen before. The revolver cannot be found, though the search for it has not been abandoned. State News in Brief. The postmaster at North Plato resigned and the office has been discontinued. David Fulcher died at Sycamore from injuries received when he was struck by a train. ' Harry W. Willett, an engraver at the watch factory in Springfield, was drowned i|i the Sangamon River. George Barnhart, son of Chauncey Barnhart. a farmer living near Savoy, was kicked to death by a horse, Rockford is overrun with tramps, and numerous burglaries have taken plave. The homes of Delos Gregory, John .Tames, and Frank Teaehout were entered and watches and jewelry taken. Cash prizes to the amount of $520 have been arranged for the annual tournament of the tire and hose companies of North­ ern Illinois, to be held at Burlington Park, Mendota. AUg. 10. About twenty fire and hose companies will be present. Assessors' returns have been compiled *by City Clerk Hartley, of Lacon, and show that the corn area of Marshall County is 193,009 acres, a small per cent, over last year. Farmers are sanguine of big crops, and, if prospects hold out, the yield will be from 10 to 15 per cent, larger than last year, or about 8,000,000 bushels. Ed McMahon claims his seventy acres will yield 5,000 bushels if present crop conditions are maintained. The packet steamer J. J. Odil. running between St. Louis and Kampsville, in the Illinois River trade, was sunk at Six Mile Island in ten feet of water. The boat carried a heavy cargo of wheat, which will be a loss. It is thought the boat can be raised and the task will be undertaken. It is understood that John R. "Linson, the man under suspicion for the murder of Ida Gashard, at Indianapolis, was in Champaign and Urbana the same day and left for Indianapolis Saturday even­ ing. Very little, if anything, is known -of hint, though he had quite a auBrbt-f of acquaintances in both cities. An electric car at Decatur, in charge of Noah Davis, ran down and instantly killed Delia Eppsteiri, "aged 7, daughter of Samuel Eppstein, a clothing merchant who lately removed from Fayette, Mo., to Decatur, The car was going at a high rate of speed, when Delia, with her play­ mates, started to run across the street. John Ladeen wafe drowned in the Rock River at Rockford while fishing for- crabs. He stepped into a deep hole and could not swim. L. Eriekson, a companion, who was a good swimmer, went to his rescue and was, pulled under by Ladeen and came near meeting the same fate. Ladeen was a stockholder in the Standard .Furni­ ture Company and leaves a family. The corner stone of the' new M. H. Church at Champaign was laid. Andre^Ostraud. a 'farmer near Will-. iamsfieMi was drowned in Spoon River.. Benjamin Baldwin, aged 86 years, a resident Of Rockford for the past forty- five years, Is dead. Nathaniel Mulvaney, of Colehour, and' Mary Fleshner, of Chicago, were mar­ ried at St. Joseph, Mich. . Prof. Edwin H. Edwards, of Rockford, and Miss Mary Lloyd were married at Sycamore at the bride's home by the Rev. George Rexford. The Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry'will hold a reunion In Freeport Sept. 4 and 5. The principal address will be delivered b$> Gen. John C. Black, of Chicago. At Mount Carroll Dr. Henry Shimer was fount! dead in his barn under cir­ cumstances that indicate suicide. He was the author of several scientific works. Wallace Courtney, confined in the.Lew- iston jail, charged with an attempt to kill Samuel McLaughlin with a pitchfork, committed suicide by hanging himself in his cell with three towels. William Rees, a young man from Edin- burg, Christian County, attempted to board a Chicago and Alton train at Chat­ ham, but fell between the cars. Both legs were cut off. He died. ' Jacob Mowery, a young man living four miles south of Marshall, had his arm torn completely off while feeding a threshing machine. He is in a critical condition and is not expected to recover. In making an excavation for a sidewalk at Decatur in King's old graveyard the workmen dug up the skeleton of a than. In the grave was found a pocketbook with $2/50 in silver, a knife and an Old key. The cemetery waS abandoned, some time ago*? • ' , A lucky turn of "the body just as Alva England fired a shotgun, saved the life of A. J. Bradshaw, of Latham. Some trou­ ble about horses ended in Alva firing his shotgun, which was loaded with fine bird shot, at Bradshaw when only fifteen feet distant. . _ . .. Thomas M. Hamlin, a farmer near Hillsboro, who has terrorized his neigh­ bors and was charged by them with vio­ lent insanity, was declared sane by a jury in the County Court. He will probably bo placed under bonds to keep the peace, having made many threats to kill. At Salem the Grand Jury returned an indictment aginst John A. McClelland and Wesley J. Tabor, charging them with the murder of Alexander McClelland and his son Oscar, who disappeared from their home, in that county, in 1881, and whose Skeletons, it is believed by many, were found in a pond on the McClelland farm in the fall of 1893- George Putnam, who has been wanted at Carlyle for over a year for the murder of Albert S. Grine, has been captured at Salisbury, Mo., and,lodged in jail. May 8, 1S94, Putnam had an altercation with Grine and struck him a terrible blow on the forehead with a heavy stone, from the effects of which Grine died two months later. Putnam boasted, while intoxicated at Salisbury, that he had kill­ ed a man. In order to escape arrest a pickpocket leaped from a train at Maseoutah going forty-five miles an hour. The man had already relieved a number of St. Louis residents of their money and whs still at his work when discovered. There was only one way of escape and1 that was through an open window. It was expect­ ed that he would be found dead or dying beside the track, but no trace of him has yet been found. Rev. H. W. Bolton, commander-in- chief, and O. L. Riekard, adjutant gener­ al, announce the first annual encampment of the United Boys'1 Brigades of America at Highland Park, near Chicago, Aug. 22-9. A week of exquisite recreation and excellent moral and religious training is assured to all who attend. A large corps of able physicians will be at hand. The expense is trifling. An immense attend­ ance is assured, and those companies who excel in religious and military drill will win deserved prizes. The event will be unique and historic in the religious move­ ments of the day. Dr. Henry Shimer, one of the oldest practitioners in Carroll County, attempted suicide at Mount Carroll by hanging; he was unsuccessful, whereupon he blew his brains out with a revolver. He was tem­ porarily insane, caused by illness. He was formerly State entomologist, and had the honor of naming all the grasses and cereals at the World's Columbian Expo­ sition, and was also engaged in work for the Smithsonian Institution at Washing­ ton. He was worth $100,000 and owned 3,500 acres of land in Illinois, the Dako- tas, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas and Min­ nesota. The citizens of Mount Carroll gave-their firemen, who won the State championship medal at Decatur, a royal reception upon their return. Faith is held in high esteem in Evans- ton. The sleek young man who came in the wake of a circus knew this. He had faith, also, even as a grain of mustard seed. Taking his stand at the Davis street fountain, he lifted up his voice, ̂ o that many paused to take observations. The wonderful stranger "mesmerized" a colored man and the crowd grew larger. Also the crowd's faith increased. "Now, my friends, I offer this silver dollar for 75 cents'--regular coin of the realm, at 25 cents discount! Who buys it?" A trust­ ful man bid in the dollar. The sleek man sold the change for little or nothing, tak­ ing five matches for the last quarter. The matches he sold at 81 cents apiece and paid $2 to buy them back. This assured the crowd that the stranger was acting in good faith. Then the sleek man produced many "solid gold" watches, each wrapped in a "$20 bill," and offered them at $10. Garrett Biblical students and others made haste to buy.' Twenty persons elbowed one another in their eagerness to be rid of their $10 bills. They examined their purchases and found green paper and fine brass. But the man was gone. Whereby it is known that in Evanston the measure of faith is a mountain. William Whitfield committed suicide near Chillieothe by drowning in the Illi­ nois River. He was despondent because of a suit for divorce filed by his wife. Irwin Rush was digging a well on his place near Vandalia and at a depth of sixty-three feet a sudden force shot the auger forty feet above his head. " A flow of sand and gravel followed and poured out on top of the ground. Thomas Flan­ agan, who was in the well, was nearly suffocated. A lighted match was held over the hole, and Mr. Rush and three em- €FFECT OF THE GQRMAN TARIFF UPQN FINANCE. Cost of Ocean Transportation No Longer. Adequate Protection to American Manufacturers--Ideas of a West Virginian Upon Present Tarjff. Why Money Is Scarce. I read in the papers that business is reviving in the cities and manufactur­ ing centers. If that is a fact I wish the agricultural sections could receive some of the medicine that-is stimulating other industries^ Never in my day have I ever seen busfffess as dull In this coun­ ty as at the present time. Farm pro­ duce cannot find a market anywhere except at ruinously low prices. Pota­ toes, which forin;our staple product; 30 cents per bushel; cheese brings about 7 cents per pound; eggs, 12 cents per dozen; butter, 14 to 10 cents per pound at the stores,, and paid in trade at that. Money is as scarce as the proverbial hen's teeth"; even the most well-to-do farmers say that it is almost impossible to get money enough-to. meet current expenses, many being obliged to con­ tract debts to provide .the necessaries of life for themselves and families. As for men who depend upon their dally labor for the support of themselves and families, it is almost impossible for them to obtain a day's work anywhere, for the simple reason that men who usually hire work done upon their farms cannot find money to pay their help. . . All this trouble can be traced to the working, of'tlie Gorman tariff law. We never before experienced such jJlleartli of money or . such stagnation in busi­ ness. But the lesson, though a tough one, lias had its effects. I know of many men who never voted anything but the Democratic ticket who declare that they will never vote for a party again that will cause such financial distress as the Democratic party inaugurated ou March 4, 1S93. These complaints are but the mutteriugs of the great storm that will sweep this land in November, 1S9G, and sweep from power, and I hope forever, the free-trade,, business-de- stroying Democracy. Until that time conies there can be no hope of general prosperity to the people of our land. MARCl'S W. M'KELLIPS. Holland, N. Y. expend about $7,000,000 and put & g&od" ..deal of money aflbat Long Jive the X*. O. P. and hasten protection and give us William McKinley for our next President. MARTIN MONQHAN. Monohon, King's Cqunty, Wash. and head by gas. John Kerwin, a centenarian, the oldest resident of Mercer County, is dead. He was born in Ireland in 1791 and came to this country in 1840; A clever swindler has been victimizing banks and imposing upon ministers in Mcnd.ofa. by representing himself to be engaged in religious work. -Tlie bank cashed a $300 draft for him, which was signed by Aaron B. Mead and James Tompkins, treasurer and superintendent of a missionary society. It has proved to be a forgery, °and the minister was also deceived who was induced to identify him at the bank. The operation for smaller amounts has been reported from other towns. are Improving locally, but no Wi The Cost of Transportation. To those free traders and tariff re­ formers who are inclined to point out the great natural protection which is afforded to the American manufacturer by the 3,000 miles .of ocean that roll between1 him and his foreign rival, the tables of ocean freight rates would be a very profitable study. The freight rate given by the Cunard line for cottons in 1895 was $2.44 per ton on 2,240 pounds and the same on woolen goods. Let us see how much protection this affords to the American manufacturer of cottons or woolens. A very moderate estimate of the average value of manufactured cottons or wool­ ens would be 50 cents per pound, mak­ ing the value of a ton $1,120." The freight for goods whose value would be $1,120 would be only $2.44, or about one-fiftli of 1 per cent. Suppose the value to be $1 per pound. The freight would then be only a little over one- tenth of 1 per cent., hardly a sufficient­ ly great protection to warrant and ex­ tensive cut in tariff schedules. A further study of the freight tables would show"revelations even more startling to those dreamers, who ap­ parently take the cost of a first-class cabin fare on an ocean greyhound as a basis for their estimates of the cost of transportation for manufactured products, a class of transportation with which they may perhaps be more famil­ iar. Let them look at the rates of the Cu­ nard "line for 1S90 and they will lind that the rate of freight on cottons and woolens was $4.24 per ton, and that, the rate in 1885 was $0.11 per ton. In other words, the rate of freight on coi- tous and woolens in 1895 was less than GO per cent, of what it was in 1S90, and only 40 per cent, of what it was in 1SS5. This, at least, will give an idea how freight rates have decreased even in the last ten years. Unfortunately, care­ ful records of freight rates were not kept in the earlier years, though,there are not a few suggestive items. But though we cannot show in exact figures the tremendous decrease in all freight rates, we have, nevertheless, a basis for reckoning. The figures of to-day prove that freight rates on some lines of goods are less than 1 per cent, of the value of the goods, while, as we have said before, we have Hamilton's word that in his day freights averaged 15 per cent, of the value of the goods, while Jefferson placed the rate even higher. The relation of the cost of transpor­ tation to the protective tariff system is a subject which has been too much dis­ regarded, but it is a question Which em­ bodies in itself a whole system of eco­ nomics. Bennett's Cry for "Peace." The figures show that the Wilson tar­ iff is a good revenue producing meas­ ure. The only trouble is with the inter­ nal revenue, which decreased in the last fiscal year $3,543,769. If more revenue is needed'in 189G it should, therefore, be obtained by increasing internal rev­ enue rates. "Let us have peace," rath-, er than Republican tariff tinkering.-- New York Herald. As the free traders have objected to a comparison of imports for the ^last fiscal year with that of 1894 as not be­ ing fair, why Js it fair to compare the revenues raised by customs during the same periods? "Let us have, peace," says James Gordon Bennett, "rather than Kepubllcan tariff tinkering.". The Herald has certainly got- by far the worst of it in all its tariff arguments, and we do not wonder that Mr. Ben­ nett cries for "peace" rather than for good will toward his countrymen. A Word from Washington. We hope the protectionists will re­ member the young State of Washington in the matter of the protection of our general interests, especially as affected by Canadian products, such as- coal, lumber, shingles and other products. We desire a heavy duty on those arti­ cles, so as to protect our working peo­ ple on this side of the line. The times hat Fools and Free Traders Do. The leopard does not change its spots, and the New Yorty Evening Post is the same bitter enemy of a protective tar­ iff that It ever vm. It said, June 21: "If there is anyTSoss^bility'that the Republicans are going-tcvVt- the coun­ try-stagger along under t«e 'tariff of infamy1 after they comer into power, the sooner it is known the better. And if tlie tariff is really to be changed, the country ought to know in what re­ spects just as soon as possible. Is the duty to be restored upon imports of wool, for example? Such questions as these Will agitate the minds of business men of all parties if the Republicans announce positively that thet are going to 'tinker' the tariff." - The Evening Post, may feel assured that the Republican party, as soon-as it iias the power to do so, in both "House and Senate, will obey the popular man-, date, given in thunder tones at the elec­ tion of 1894, to protect American indus­ try. It has/upheld that policy in times of disaster; it will not abandon it now, when it is about to enter again, and With renewed vigor, into power. " But protectionists will not gratify the enemy by frittering away time ori the details of tariff revision. It would please free traders to attempt to create discord, no doubt, but they must sup­ ply their own ammunition. . All' "rev­ enue reformers" and the like are unit­ ed in their purpose to overthrow pro­ tection as the national policy. The Evening Post, for instance, predicted that the abolition of the duty on wool would undermine the entire protective system. But woolen manufacturers continue to be stronger protectionists than ever. They know that the pro­ tective policy benefits the whole coun­ try and, as patriotic citizens, they up­ hold it Protective tariff revision will not agitate "the minds of business men of all parties." It is only when fools and free traders tinker that the whole country justly feels alarm. W STATE CAPITAL.' - : --i «B. K* i- • i f n WHAT ILLINOIS' LEGISLATURE IS DOING. An Impartial Record of the WorlC Accomplished By Those Who Malco , Oar Laws--How the Time Has Been Occupied During the Past Week. Must Grow All Our Sugar. Protection to the sugar producing in­ dustry of the United States, whether beet or cane, is now regarded as lar more importaut thai) it was admitted to be a few years ago. During the en­ actment of the McKinley tariff tlie quantity of American grown raw sugar was very largely Increased, to such an extent, in fact, that it surprised not only the friends of protection, but also those who have the habit of intimating that we cannot grow anything that is worth eating or moke anything ihat is worth wearing. There are two principal reasons why both the beet and cane sugar indus­ tries of the United States should re­ ceive ample protection at the hands,of Congress. One of these reasons'fifiliat it will enable us. in time, to be inde­ pendent of other producing counties for our supply of one of the necessary articles of life. The other reason isahat the use of thousands of acres of our farm lands in growing sugar cane or sugar beets will leave a smaller area to be planted to cotton, corn, wheat, and other crops that we now produce in such superabundance that the prices paid for them to tlie farmers are very often below tlie actual cost of produc­ tion. By growing our own sugar we shall be strengthening our national indepen­ dence; we shall also be helping farm­ ers who grow other crops by checking their over-production. , The Real Issucliemaius. The money question' is being agitated to divert the public mind from the real issue--the tariff. The two questions are bound to go hand in hand. The Democrats want to keep the people from thinking about the tariff for a few years; aud they hope that in the mean­ time the country, with its wonderful resources, will have regained its lost business sufficiently to throw the people off the track. The Democrats hope, by agitating, the public will forget its trou­ bles brought on by their miserable, in­ competent tariff tinkering. It is plain as day we must have a protective tariff in order t° prosper. What care we what kind of money we have if we have no business to transact with any kind of money? We do not want Wall street buying or selling our money, and in that way injuring our business, but the first of all questions with America must be that we enact laws which will im­ prove our business. And those laws arei mainly protective measures.-- Times, Leavenworth, Kansas. A Word from a "Ripper." The better times have checked the sil­ ver craze. They will likewise put a veto ' on tariff-ripping.--New York World. Certainly. "Tariff-ripping" is a thing of the past. It died with the free trade ripper's Congress. Tariff for protec­ tion builds up; a free trade tariff does the ripper's work and destroys. Why They Enlisted. There is no more talk of the "army of the unemployed."--New York World. Of course there Is not. The Congres­ sional fnee-traders have been consigned to oblivion. There never would have been any talk of the "army of.the/Unein- ployed" had they always remained there. v Willing to Forget. It requires constant effort to make a Democratic editor remember that his party was kicked out heels over head last fall.--The Springfield, Mass., Un­ ion. -- Who? The Democratic papers talk ibmt the rise of wages as if they were a Dem­ ocratic achievement. Will they be kind enough to tell us who lowered Avages?--Hawkeye, Burlington, Iowa. A Sure Winner, ftKeep "Old Tariff" in front and you will wig.--World. Cleveland, Ohio, June 15, 1S95. • Max Muller knew eighteen different languages to the extent of being able to speak or wrrtS in any one, and a considerable number in addition less^ perfectly. >V . Doings 'of State Dads*. Two bills were introduced at the short Bession of the House Monday to regu­ late the charges of sleeping car compa­ nies. Mr. Ingersoll's bill authorizing the State Board of Equalization to increase the aggregate assessment of the State 25 per pent., instead of 1 per cent., was read a first time and referred to committee of the whole. °Mr. Challacomb, a country member, introduced a bill to repeal the libel law passed at the regular session. The House did not have a quorum. The Senate met and adjourned without trans­ acting any business.. There was no quorum, vo­ latile Senate, Tuesday, Senators Evans and Herb had an exciting dispute, over the bill to tax express companies. The lie was passed, and a personal encounter seemed imminent. Senator Fitzpatirick's bill to increase the tax levy $1,000,000 the next two years was passed by a vote of yeas 37, nays 1, Senator Coon voting in the negative. The Senate arbitration bill, which caine ap on third reading, was tabled, and the bill of Mr. Hpgan from' the House was substituted therefpr. Two amendments, one of which was to do away with local boards of arbitration arid the* other providing that the State Board of Arbitration shall have no power to act unless confirmed by the Senate. -The House spent the day discussing the revenue bill. The provision requiring an assessment of realty every four years was changed so as to read every two years. The maximum tax rate for county pur­ poses was changed from 15 to 25 cents in place of 75 cents, the present maxi­ mum. V; ' The arbitration bill was passed by the Senate Wednesday*' but the House re­ fused to concur in the Senate amend­ ments, and a conference was asked for. The Senate bill increasing the tax levy $1,000,000 for the next two years la oii Second reading in the House. The Jones amendment to the revenue law for chang­ ing the method of assessing newspaper and manufacturing property was voted down in the House. The House repealed the libel bill which it passed at the regu­ lar session. Senator Herb's bill to tax express companies and declare them com­ mon carriers subject to supervision by the Railway,and Warehouse Commission was practically beaten in the Senate by being postponed. ^ t In the House Thursday Mr. Merriam moved a suspension of the rules to intro­ duce a resolution. Several' 'members wanteQ to know the nature of .the resolu­ tion. "The resolution," said Mr. Mer­ riam, "requests all persons who have knowledge of corrupt practices that have been charged by the various newspapers and all Other parties to present the same to the] propt? authorities." Several mem­ bers demanded the reading of the resolu­ tion for information, but Muir, Weston and others objected. The motion to sus­ pend the rules, requiring a two-thirds vote, was lost--yeas, 73; nays, 41. The tax levy bill passed by the Senate was order­ ed to third reading, without change. The consideration of the revenue bill was resumed. Mr. Needles' bill repealing the law passed at the late session providing for the assessment of the stock of build­ ing and loan associations held by each individual shareholder failed to pass- yeas, 48; nays, 43. The Legislature adjourned Friday inofriing. In the closing hours of the ses­ sion the Senate, by a vote of 13 yeas to 16 nays, refused to repeal the libel law. For six weeks the Legislature has been in special session. Just two laws have been passed by both houses--the arbitra­ tion bill and the bill increasing the tax levy $500,000 a year. In the Senate a joint resolution memorializing the Illinois Senators and Congressmen to use their influence to secure co-operation of the United States in formulating such legisla­ tion as would result in the construction of increased dockage and harbor improve­ ments on Lake Michigan, was adopted, as was also a resolution to have the chair appoint a committee to remain five days to look after the journal and see that bills were properly engrossed. Senator Aspin- wall's resolution to allow the Senate's secretary to remain ten days after the session's close, with regular compensa­ tion, to complete his work, also prevailed. Male Humanity Too Solemn. I wonder if anybody knows why it is, says a writer in the Washington Post, that a man takes his pleasures so much more solemnly than a woman. Look at a man behind a fast hors^e. He always looks as serious as if the cares of an empire were on his shoulders. And on a bicycle--well, a woman sits bolt upright and looks as if she rode for fun. _ A man humps his shoulders over and looks as if he were doing it for a living. I saw Nat Goodwin on a wheel the other day, and the unhappy look of his face was never approached by any­ thing he has ever done on the stage. He looked like a man on a treadmill, and yet I know he must have been enjoying himself. He was beautifully gotten up, too; but they say things like that don't make men happy. He wore corduroys, and the ugliest pair of stockings, of a zigzag, struck-by-lightning pattern, that the eye of man has ever yet beheld. It Is an easy matter for him to amuse the rest of us, but it seemed hard work to amuse himself. Climbing Mont Blane. It is an expensive as well as a very tiresome undertaking to ascend Mont Blanc. It costs at least $50 per per­ son, for by the law of the commune of Chamouni each stranger Is obliged to have two guides and a porter. S6 far as the danger is concerned, it is now re­ duced to a minimum, but almost every year the mountain claims a ylctim. Bad weather is the chief thing feared by the guides, and so swiftly does3ft come that a cloudless sky may in fifteen min­ utes turn to a blinding snowstorm which beats you to the ground. Thus it was that, some years ago a party of eleven persons perished. Five were found frozen stiff in the snow; the other six still lie buried in the Glacier des Boissohs. Forty years is the time al­ lowed for the glacier to yield them up in the valley below--Boston Trans­ cript • . • Smart Crushes Are "Raouts." You must not say "teas" or "recep­ tions" any more, says the Boston Her­ ald. The new word for. all smart crushes is "raout," which in former times was called rout in the best Eng­ lish ' society. It has somewhat of a Yaukee twang, but large and fashiona­ ble gatherings must not mind that* since Paris Insists on the new old term.