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YA ^v<i u -y. x;> «v -rjrv trsrf*g^r * Wjg-^rt^pfr * • •AW -•' t a-"# Thnrsdajr, November 9, French First Aid Station in Germany Oil--Like Gold--Is 3r- Where You ••• .'"-S# 'v •,*,•*- * o • > ":WV2a,i,;\ It! PLAINDEALER REPORTER VISITS NEW FIELDS ILLINOIS AMD PASSES INFORMATION GAINED ON TO READERS OF THIS NEWSPAPER *> IN y$i& %H. S. Fnw The mercy symbol of the Red Cross hangs outside this French listed dugout ou fround captured by French troops somewhere in the Saar Iujb. DRILLING RIO 4- Oiiads Are Nearinff Two-Thirds Markr America's youngest quads, right to left, Jeanette, Joan, Jeraldine and Joyce Badgett, who are nearing eight months, continue to thrive. TROTH about ADVERTISING By CHARLES B. ROTH §F EV /'I writi J*ne. MONTAIGNE'S 'GREAT REGISTER* EVERYTHING else that gifted writer, Michael Equem de Moni, wrote were to disappear, the Jrorki would still be indebted to him * tor his ideas on what he called his ,^'great register." Montaigne was a Frenchman who |ived and wrote 400 years ago. Now £dmired excessively by a few readers, he's almost forgotten by the world at large. But every time you read an advertisement in your newspaper, you do homage to his memory. • For it was his idea that people, Who want to buy, need some place where, they can get information about the products which . Others have to sell. Id Montaigne's time Ihe buyer had to look for the seller, the seller had to look for the byyer. .Montaigne protoyed a register to . .Jf»e posted where all 'tnight see. Here the f)wr.crs of things %hey wanted to sell would list them. Here also those ^vho had needs would list those TO£ds. Buyer and seller would thus f>e brought together. * Ti was a good id$a. It still is a good idea. Every time, indeed, you look over the "ads" in your newspaper you express your approval of the idea. Sellers tell yon what they have. Yon save time and money because you compare what one seller offers with what another offers. Tea Judge which is the better value. Norman Angeii, the English writer, wished that someone had advertised more in England when he set out to buy a horse scraper for some farming operations he. had on hand. He scanned the advertisements. No scrapers. He wrote a few manufacturers he knew. No scrapers. Later he came to America and in Chicago discovered, through an advertisement, of a horse scraper for sale. He looked into the matter-- and found it was made within 20 miles of his English farm. Oil came into being so many mil* lions of years ago that its origin is inscribed only upon the sands of time. A Divine Providence must have seen far into the future to provide the fuel and lubrication for a machine age that was to come so many centuries later. J The chemical action which took place to create oil is still a mystery _* no. This precious liquid must have flowed from place to place with the underground currents of water driven relentlesly by the pressure of the earth's crust to its finSjl resting place between layers of impervious rock. Some of it "managed to break through to daylight and form slimy pools. Some got out in the form of gas that made ever-burning fires. Zoroaster burned oil to mystify and impress his disciples and the Egyptians used it to embalm their dead kings. In modem times the American Indians used this "rock oil" to heal their wounds Rnd medicine men sold it to swindle the public. Thus oil reached the nineteenth century and gradually began to replace whale oil ax fuvi for lamps. Although-not entirely natlnfartory in its natural state, but for lack of better lubrication, was finding um in the newly developed whorls of the industrial revolution. Meanwhile as petroleum became more useful in a small way in the nineteenth century it also became more of a nuisance. People had learned to produce salt by sinking wells to reach reservoirs of brine and this became the chief source of the ^Sjierican salt supply. One of the driller's difficulties was that in drilling for this brine all too often he struck it mixed with a thick black oil which was still of little value. « A New York lawyer, named Bissell, had some Pennsylvania land near a flourishing salt well industry and ^e reasoned that if you drilled for salt water and got oil you didn't want then you might drill for oil and find j a lot of it. He was convinced that it I had great possibilities for illumina- 1 tion and if it could be produced in large qua'ntites wonld be a paying venture. An oil company was formed and drilling started near Titusville, Pa. Col. Edwin L. Drake succeeded in bringing in a well after drilling "Drake's Folly," 69.5 feet deep, August 27, 1859. Thus the oil industry was born and with the ever increasing use of its derivatives has prospered mightly ever since. The quest for "black gold" goes on as unceasingly as that' for the precious yellow metal itself. When Col. Drake was seeking new locations to drill he had nothing to guide him but surface indications or the forked peach twig "divining rod" of tradition. Modern science goes much farther than that. Search for Oil The search for oil in a likely looking spot would begin by taking samples of earth to be analyzed for gas or wax content. Niext criss-crossing the neighborhood with a torsion mm OIL BAJtOX'S FOKKK& BOMB Here lived a man in solitary splendor with his ten dogs, who now an income that many a bank president might < •w REPRESSURE PLANT UNDER CONOTRUCTION This drill rig and crew are busily engaged in Sinking a %ell near 8t Elmo, 111. . « r-VPHONE IS .;vr~ DR. J. E. SAYLER DENTIST V* M- floors 9-12 by Ai . .. (A .. . " Main Street 7 '~pf- Phene 43 W:y J. TV ATTORNEY AT LAW ' Pries Bid* g -- OFFICE HOURS « M - Taasdays and Fridays Other Day* by Apfsiafcaent This plant when completed will be used to return the gas that accompanies thfe oil to the surface back to the oil bearing strata. By Maintaining the underground pressure much more oil can be recovered. PUMPING WELL AND FLOWING WELL That you have a "great register" balance, which registers the difference coming to you regularly, with the day's best opportunities to buy the things you need, is one of the beatitudes of living in America and in these modern times. Yon do not, like Mr. Angell, have to fret and worry and search for in the pull of the earth's attraction. If the pull varied considerably it could be supposed that under the level surface of the land there was a domeshaped hill of rock sloping up' toward the surface. Then a series of holes drilled and charged with dynamite what yeu need. You merely open > and in the resulting explosions thecity now the numerous supply houses necessary to the oil business border the highway for perhaps a couple of miles. Turning from the highway down the main stem there is not a vacant building to be seen, in fact several new ones have been built. Schools in Two Shifts The influx of oil workers and their families has probably more than doubled the population of the city which according to the 1930 census was about 1300. While many of the oil . workers live in campsites in the fields, rooms are at a premium in St. Elmo and the schools are forced to run two shifts, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, to accomodate over 600 pupils now attending. Drilling operations are begun at the site of the well with the erection of a steel derrick about ninety feet high. This derrick is put together in sections and with the completion of the well is moved to the next site and the process repeated. After the erection of the derrick with its cable and pulleys swung from its top to hold the "Kelly." which is a square section of the drill pipe, the actual! drilling is ready to start. The units used at the St. Elmo field are called Diesel rotaries, which fa self-explanatory, in that the rigs are* powered by Diesel engines and the bit at tKe end of the drill pipe is turned by means of a rotatory table which grips the square side of the Kelly, and lowers the bit until the; upper end is flush with the turn-table. The drilling is then stopped and another section of drill pipe is added A slush pit near the well is a very important part of the drilling process. This pit contains a mixture of earth and water to form the valuable mod which is pumped through a hose through the Kelly and the drill pipe and then up the wall of the well carrying the drill cuttings with it. The mud in the slush pit is analyzed occasionally and kept at the proper consistency. Two Diesel engines are necessary Charles Roth the pages of the newspaper, and, le, there right in front of you, you find a world of useful things from all over the world. The more you rely upon the "great register" of modern life to help you ih your buying, the more you get from every penny you spend. The best values, the best merchandise, the best prices--they comprise the contents of that useful, indispensable modern version of Montaigne's sound idea. A Charles B. Roth. seismograph readings taken at a num- •f *m.9 lOLLEE,jyy / •• * ETE, EAR, NOBB eu*i THK6A7 will bar la Dr. A. I. Ftaehlkh's MTlea, corner A On. Every Wedneeday freai Z U 4JI G L A S S E S P I T T E D A.P.Fretrad Co. $xcs7&tiiiff Contractor g™ Tracking, Hydraulic and Oraat Service --Road Building-- Tel 204-M McHfenry, X& Horses Wanted i b u OU and Disabled Pay from $5 to $14. • ARTHUR W WERRBACK Phone 444 3S5 Hay ward 9treet Woodstock, HL FIRE AUTO INSURANCE r£S| EARL R. WALSH it- Reliable Companies When yoa need inaaraaae ef any kW Phone 48 or 61-M Pries Bldg. McHanry _ The top1 picture shows the typical unit used in the St. Elmo field D» pomp * wet- The lower jrfetare depicts a flowing well where the {treasure is sufficient to maintain a flow of oil. The customary revenue to the landowners <is one-eighth royalty an. the oO pumped ft** each well. sive is next placed' at the bottom of the casing and fired to "shoot'*' the well and release the surrounding oil. A machine called a spuddter takes over and' cleans out the well which is then ready for the installation of a pump or in a few cases when the pressure is sufficient a ffowing well is the resultl The* pumps are- complete units refineries and is on its way to its last processing'. Pumping stations are maintained about forty miles apart aicng the line to keep the pressure uniform and the oil flowing steadily. The oiT fields at night are an interesting sight as from a number the natural gas is drawn off through pipes extending a few feet above the ground and allowed to burn, resem MOSEY TO LOAM I hav« clients wha have i--ay to lend on first a^or^ages on real' salaU aad ethers wlie want to "borrow money aa red estate. B la* tereeted either way, I VIH be glad1 te talk it over with yeu. ^ " Joseph R. Sikef •kecaa lfadaeal Bhak ttd§ 4 8. Nsltsaal rfWataBtgan. BAJBfflgC |St Hi Telephone Ne. 809 Stoff el & Peaee Portal The Peaoe Portal at Blaine, Wast , marking the international bbssk-r between the United States and Canada, is the only one of its kind in the world. Built in 1914, it marked 100 years of peace between the two countries. Oyster Beds Oystermen's dredges drag the sea will) cotton mops to clear oyster beds of star fish. * •• Puerto Rico's Ro^dr In the past quarter-century, the U. S. island Territory of Puerto Rico has spent over $50,000,000 on new roads, according to statistics released by the chamber of coinmerce of Puerto Rico. with each rig, one being used to turn with individual motors, which seernto the rotatory table and the other to require little attention. An alWl bl.ng hundreds of toirnes stue* ber of points make possible a recordI pump the mud to the well. The water) complete l«k of any visible signs of is hauled from the city and as such; oil m the fields is noticeable, due to large quantities are used the. tank the fact that the pumps are kept very wagons are running continuously Stacks of Sacks The post office department says that there are approximately 1,600,- 000 pouches and 14,000,000 sacks used irj the servjee. of the contours of the rock formation far below the earth's surface. If one or several of these tests showed the presence of an "anticline," where the heaving surface of the earth was folded and wrinkled millions of years ago, it might indicate a dome-Tike prison of rock into which oil, flowing upward, had been trapped in a timeless pool. Find Oil at St. Elmo Using the methods described above, oil was discovered at St. Elmo, 111., recently and there are now over 1,000 wells in production in the field there. The discovery of oil has changed St. Elmo considerably. Just a few short years ago the city was suffering, in common with cities large and small, from the ravages of the depression and the main stem presented a somewhat bleak appearance, with numerous business blocks vacant and the occupied ones looking none too pros After the drill has gone to the required depth which is about 1,600 feet, the casing is then set. Sections of casing which have been very carefully measured, are raised one • at a clean to avoid any possibility of fire. Alfeo that all of the oil is sent through pipe lines to a separator, which contains a heating unit to remove the water from the oil and then into the tank batteries which are scattered all time bv the tackle suspended from I over the field. the top of the derrick and started int the well. A portable electric welding unit mounted on a truck, which generates its own current, is then placed1 in operation. As the sections of casing are lowered flush with the turntable and another one placed thereon they are welded and lowered until the casing is set. Well Cemented The well is then ready to be cemented. This is accomplished by using something like 250 sacks of cement mixed with water and forced under pressure down through the casing' and Pumped Into Pine Lines the ground. Some of the larger companies do not bum this gas, but utilize it by putting it through great repiessuie plants and return it to the ground to maintain a constant pressure and thus secure much more oil from a given number of wells than would otherwise be possible. St. Elmo also boasts a modern refinery, where some of the oil is processed right at home. This refinery burned some tune ago but has since Oil in the tank batteries is pumped, been rebuilt and is bigger and betintO' the main pipe lines of the great ter than ever. , agents for aN class-- prepsrtyvla the WE8T MeHBNBY lUJtolt First Kadla Mast The first steel radio mast aver built in the history of radio is being dismantled at Chelmsford, England. The mast, 187 feet high, was built for Marconi's first experimental station. GiH flie only girl to compete m the sheep shearing contest m Hyde park in London recently was Evelyn Woods, 20, of Newton, wha wqs. awarded a special silver medal. S. H. Frewd &$m CONTRACTORS AMD BUILD PboHt 56-W Oar Experienae is a* Ssrv3«e in Bviidlajt Your Wants perous. The magic of oil and the j back up the wall of the welt and alscene changes. As you approach the, lowed to harden. A charge of explo- Asserting that he was jilted by the woman he had courted for six years, C. E. Marcus of Los Angeles filed suit for $10,000 heart belm. Last Two States The forty-seventh and forty-eighth states to join the Union were New Mexico, January 6, 1912, and Arizona, February 14, 1912. CharQeV Repair Stop Northeast corner of State ~ " * on Charlsa Otiast Radiators Bodies and Fendem Straigkleaed Painting Lettering Furniture Uphoteteriag CHARLES RIETE8XL GOOD NlfcHT. PETER vute PEEVE i r SENT & COMPANY All Kinds of I N S U R A N C E ^Placed with the moot reliable i': -.Caaipaaiss (WNl' SERVICE) Cone in and talk it orer Phone MeHenry 8 wmuii WOULD m MIND MIWD WOULO r; DR. L. B. MURPHY DBNTKJT