S"V»e-*V. • •.• ,>r^ ' •' '.• \ ' ': - '. - *w^>; •::;; •";'. ' >••-'- *•'• ••.>• -V?'**:' ' • y - .,v •»• "-ISWWV ' • - < * r.uv,'-:^' \ THE PLAINDEALER Volume 68 McHENRY, ILLINOIS, THURSDAY, JUNE 11, 1942 No. 4 NAVY PLANE CRASH FATAL TO ENSI6N INJUREDIN ACCIDENT > A seventen-year-old Crystal Lake high school boy was made a hero last Thursday afternoon in the first fatality of a service man in McHenry county in its history. As a result of the accident, a navy ensign was killed and hi? student passenger injured. It was one of two navy plane mishaps in the county that afternoon. Sighting a small navV training plane plunge through Public Service high tension wires six miles east of Crystal Lake and catapult beneath the waters of the Fox River directly behind his farm home, Paul Behan, son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Behan, rowed to the wrecked machine and dragged both men from the cockpits where they were trapped. Thi' pilot, 'Ensign Robert K. Everett, 22, of 1102 Dempster street, Evanston, was killed and his passenger Marien Sergt. John P. Nolan, 25, of 620 -Glenview avenue* Highland Park, was injured to the extent of a brain concussion and a broken nose. Members of the Crystal Lake fire department and physicians were called and worked for hours over the body of Ensign Everett but all efforts to revive him were futfle. Plane Flying Low Witnesses of the accident said the navy plane was following the Fox river, flying thirty-five feet above the water., ~ They were, uncertain as to whether the plane struck the power cable above or below its level. After the plane plunged into the river, the motor became lodged in the mud, with the tail of the machine standing above water level. The cockpits of the machine were partially submerged. When the Cffystal Lake youth, who is holder of the state record in the discus event, reached the wreckage, Sergt. Nolan was attempting to free himself. Behan giTve him aid, safely placed him in the boat and jumped into the water and worked Everett's body clear. An official navy statement said the airmen were on a routine "familiarization flight" under orders. Ensign John Davis of Great Lakes Training school headed the investigation. He refused to issue any statement at the scene oil the accident. " Recently Transferred Ensign Everett was recently transferred to Great Lakes from Pensacola. the navy advanced flying school. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Harriet Peters Everett, a bride of a few weeks. She* is a resident of Evanston. ! Some time after the accident occurred, a navy plane madefa forced landing on the Stanley £hr.rles farm, which is located about two-thirds of the way betwen here and Woodstock. Here the plane was repaired and later %ok off. using Route 120 as its runway. Mr. Charles employed his farm tractor to tow the plane from where it had landed to the highway. Charles said the pilot waS Ensign Bell and had as a passenger a man named Gordon^ Bell told witnesses he was searching for the Fox River wreckage and was forced down when his machine's oilline became faulty. This plane was forced down within an hour afte%the wreck near Crystal Lake* MABEL BOLGER GETS DIPLOMA AT STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE YOUTHS TO REGISTER LAST OF MONTH IN FIFTH DRAFT CALL la. its first outdoor commencement ceremony, Northern Illinois State Teachers college, DeKalb, granted degrees to 173 graduates, and issued MISS MABEL BOLGER two-y<>ar teaching diplomas to seventy- one, Wednesday, June 10. Mabel Bolper, daughter of Rep. and Mrs. Thomas Bolger of McHenry, received one of these diplomas during the ceremony. The ceremony was held in the outdoor theater using the island stage of the campus lagoon. The speaker for the occasion was Dr. Dwayne Orton, educational consultant of the Civil Aeronautics Administration of the U. S. Office of Education. He spoke onr"Air Conditioning Youth," a subject he related to the problem of education's part in the War. The baccalaureate sermon, Sunday afternoon, June 7, in the College auditorium, was given by Rev. John Gordon D. D., pastor of the Second Congregational church of Rockford, using the subject, "Youth and the World To day." , By midnight June 30 all of McHenry county's manpower betwen the ages of 18 and 65 will have registered for selective service. President Roosevelt's orders to Register all boys between the ages of 18 and 20 on June 30 will make it possible for all men (young and old) betwen the ages mentioned above to register for the draft. The order of the president says that under the existing law those who register between the ages of 18wand 20 will not be eligible for the draft until they reach the age of 20. The proclamation also ordered all youths who have reached the age .of 20 years since February 16 to register, at the same time. * With more than one-third of McHenry county's population now registered for the draft, the June 30th registration is expected to raise, this percentage quite a bit. The Plaindealer carried a story :i few weks ago which told of figures representing more than one-third of the 1940 population being registered. The following are totals of the previous registrations from the boards in McHentf county. Board I Firfct 2,366 Second Third .. Fourth Fifth . Grand Total 123 1,168 2,469 ? 7 6,12G Bokrd II 2,588 104 1,361 2.441 ? ? 6,494 ...12.620 NEW GREENWOOD CHURCH DEDICATED ' V DEDICATE NEW M.E. CHURCH N GREENWOOD LARGE CROWD ATTENDS SERVICES JUNE 7 WANDA JEPSON WILL APPEAR ON CHICAGO STATION NEXT WEEK Sunday, June 7. was"a busy day for residents and friends of the Greenwood community. At 10:30 a. m, the Greenwood and Ringwood congregations united in morning worship. Sixteen choir members. Mrs. M. L. Twom- ,T. . T „ lev, Verna Lathron, Barbara Walking- Miss Wanda Jepson, • daughter of ton; Lois Walkington. Phyllis Dvgert. Mr. and Mrs. Jeppe Jepson Avho re- Mrs AUen Ai Geor Mansfield, sides a few miles north of McHenry., F K Fl.isbie Albol t Mansfield. Jr., wdl be heard on radio station W LS Loren Pulvt,r> all of Greenwood, and Tuesday, June 16, between 1:30 and Mrs Clara Crist Bobette C| jsty 2 o clock; Friends ;and acquaintances | Ml s Violk L A,jce Mae Low d will be interested in * tuning in ' as , Mr and M,s Jose|)h McCaniion of iss epson won recent honois1 por- i Rjn^ood, under the capable direction traymg the lovable ^aracter "Lulu I of Mrs Ruth Shaw choir directolvand Belle at the Woodstock American Le- Miss Norma Doollttle. organist, led gion Amateur WLS show. M iss Maud Wilis, who conducted the show, then recommended her for an appearance on the station and Miss Gladys Jones, director of the WLSfe Home Talent Department, Extended the invitation. Miss Jepson and other local residents who have been willing and capable entertainers, have previously appeared as guest artists on these Chicago programs. U.S.O. DRIVE BEGINS HERE NEXT MONDAY QUOTA POR TOWNSHIP IS $1,400 Plans are complete for the USO drive for $15,000 in McHenry county starting June 15 and ending June 22. David R. Joslyn, Woodstock, county chairman, today released the quotas assigned to the various townships in the county. In the McHenry vanity the following quotas were released: McHenry Township -- $1,400. Burton Township -- $150. Richmond Township -- $500. Nimda Township -- $1,300. Fitzgerald is Chairman In McHenry township Homer Fitzgerald has been named chairman. He will be assisted by Hubert Smith in Johnsburg. In Burton township, iVctor Siegler will have charge. Leah Love will have charge in Richmond township. The various chairmen will organize their own drives and will see that canvassers make house to house visits. Because all we have and hope for is at stake in this war, and because the Aar cannot be won without the Amer. ican spirit at its best, citizens of this .'ommunity ape asked to give searching and sympathetic consideration to the question of their corporate gift to the USD. So when you are asked to mkke a contribution by a- canvasser, please think of it in terms of, helping win the war. * The USO is the United Service Organizations made up of the YMCA, National Catholic Community Service, Yourvg Women's Christian Association, Jewish Welfare Board, Salvation Army and the National Travelers Aid Association. The USO furnishes counsel, guidance, religious service, social events and recreation to, the men in the armed forces. JOHNSBURG COMMUNITY BUSINESS DIRECTORY Arrangements have all been made for putting out a business directory for the Johnsburg community. It was intended to publish it in this week's Plaindealer. A. H. Severinghaus, who has been handling the promotion for the Johnsburg Community club, sponsors of the directry, states that owing to the delay in getting in the copy, the first publication had to be postponed one week. It will appear in the issue of June 18. Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Johnson of Huemann's subidvision enjoyed a dinner at the Woodstock Country club last Tuesday. It was the official visit of the W. G. Matron of Illinois. the congregation singing and sang as a special number, "Above the Hill the Cross is Gleaming." Rev. H. J. Collins, former pastor of Greenwood and Ringwood churches, read the prayer sent by the Hon. Dwight H. Green, Governor of Illinois, and read the scripture lesson. Dr. R. J. L. McKelvey, pastor, chose as his sermon topic, "We Must Have God As Builder." He emphasized the importance of divine help in building any structure whether physical, mental. or spiritual. He then read the list of designated gifts to the church. Old Residents Present Former residents of the community present at the morning service'who .-poke were Lloyd Gratton of Woodstock, Dale Beard, on behalf of hismother, Mrs. Sadie Garrison Beard of YVaukcgan, Edwin Benoy ot Genoa City, Wis., Will J. Cruiksnank of Milton Junction, Wis.. Rev. H. J. Collins of Ringwood and Mrs. Olive, Dygert Hill ot Crystal Lake. About three hundred friends of the church enjoyed a delicious roast beef dinner prepared by the Dorcas Society members under the direction of Mrs. Flora Thompson, chairman, and her committee composed of Mesdames Susie Charles, Bessie Coudrey, Lillie Coudry, Clara Stecker, Maly Frisbie, Edna Engstrom, and Olivene Walkington. This dinner was ably served by members of the Sunshine Sharers and invited assistants under the direction of Mrs. Marion Harrison. At 2:30 p. m., the afternoon service va* opened by Dr. R. J. 1.. McKelvey. lastor. T1\e Woodstock Male Quartet •sang "The Church by the Side of the Road" and later sang another num- -er. Rev. H. J. Collins, f ormer pastor, gave the prayer. Presentation of u church scrapbook compiled bv Olive Dygeit Hill was made. This included copies of material gleaned from earlv histories and atlases;^# complete fiU of pre-eentennial arrangements, cen tennial material, the post-centennial celebration; publicity concerning the burning of' the church; the building of the new church, and the juiest book registry of Dedication Day. This was accepted by Dr. R. J. L. .McKelwy on behalf of the church. V • , Dr. Fowler Speaks Dr. George A. Fowler., district superintendent of the North Chicago district. gave the address of the afternoon. He highly commended the community tor its constructive thinking, acting, and building when there was so much destruction in the world. -He emphasized the importance of a spir» itual front and the necessity ot' doing our duty and doing it now. He made, a plea that the' community dedicate the church free of debt. Nine bundled fifty dollars of the sixteen hundred fifty dollars outstanding indebtedness was raisied by pledges and cash dona j tions. .Although there is a deficit of ! seven hunderd dollars and some other I outstanding pledges, the community j looks forward to being free of debt at ! an early date. i The trustees of "the church. Fred ; Charles, Gustin Gratton, Ben Barbei M. L. Twomley, Edwin Benoy, Josep Coates, Arthur Peet and Howar Walkington, came forward in a bod and participated in a beautiful dedica tion service. The audience had sou.v enir copies furnished by Harvey Coud ley. Fred Charles, chairman, presented the building to the district superintendent for dedication. The audience joined in the responses. The service which had opened with the singing of "^Holy, Holy, Holy" closed with the singing of "Blest Be The Tie Jhat Binds." The people of the Greenwood cunmunity appreciate the splendid re- | -]*m>e and'co-operation of their many [ friends in many states who hold j Gieenwood dear in their hearts. i After the service, an official board j meeting was held by Rev. English of the Woodstock Methodist church. Dr. English was designated to serve because Dr. Fow ler had to hold a similar^ meeting at Ingleside at five o'clock. Rev. Miller ot the Methodist church of McHenry was 'also present. The new Grenwood church was built a& a necessity since fire destroyed "The Church on the Hill" on January 28, 1941. GLADYS GAULKE IS KILLED INSTANTLY IN AUTO ACCIDENT Relatives and friends in McHenry were shocked to hear of the untimely death last Saturday evening of Miss Gladys lone Gaulke, 27. daughter of Mrs. Ella Gaulke Barnstable of Woodstbek and the late George F. Gaulke. Miss Gaulke was killed instantly when the car in which she was riding was sideswiped by a car coming from ^a side road near Wheeling. Dallas Smith of Highland Park was the driver of the car of which she was an occupant. Her companion, who w.as seriously injured, is confined to Palatine hospital. The deceased was a comptometrist employed by the North Western Railway Co., in Chicago and was on her i way to Woodstock to visit her mother | the evening the accident occurred. I Funeral services were held Tuesday j afternoon from the Merwin funeral | home in Woodstock with interment in j Oakland cemetery. •'REV. J. L. McKELVEY SGlbTcoupTE IS MARRIED FIFTY YEARS NEXT WEEK END FORTY - FIVE 'YEAR MINISTRY LOCAL PHOTOGRAPHER j GETS BLUE RIBBON AT RECENT CONVENTION Next Sunday, June 14,. Rev. and ,Mvs. H. J. Collins will celebrate thjjir golden wedding anniversary at their home in Ring.vood. The actual anniversaiy. how'evex, is the following day. Their children have arranged for their friends f.oni throughout the state to call at some time during the afternoon or evening to au^in meet this couple and offer felicitations. Harry - J. Collins and Mabel D. Harsh' ercer. were married at Tippecanoe City. Ohio, on June 15. 1892, At a convention of the Illinois State Photographers association which was held at the Pere Marquette iuitel in I'eoria recently, Andrew Worwick received' ai blue ribbon for one of his pictures and two silver seals of acceptance for the other two pictures which he , entered into competition. The blue ribbon is the highest award which can be obtained and this is the third successive year which he has •been-'given this coveted award. Between two and. three, hundred t>hotographers were represented at the convention. All of Mr. Worwick's entries were in the portrait class. In view of the fact that many pictures are. not even shown, the acceptance of all three of our local photographer's pictures, together with the fact that one of them was given such a superior rating, is something of which to be proud. The picture receiving tfie*blue ribbon was one of Beatrice Williams. The other two which were accepted ••' ere of Jean Schmitt and Jane Durland. Last year's winner was-of Leonard Fowler.' publisher of the Fox Valley Mirror, and the 1940 winner was a picture of Paul Brefeld, Jr. TUESDAY IS LAST DAY TO ENTER PMA NEAT FARM CONTEST Which Pure Milk association farm in District 6 will win $75.00 in War Bonds for first place in the association's 9th annual Neatest Dairy Farm contest, PMA folks are wondering as the entry deadline approaches. Entries will be accepted until Tuesday, June 16. The Mrs. Josephine N. Whittemore Farm at Huntley, first place winner last year, is not eligible for the District title a second time, but may compete for the grand ch&mpionship title *hich carries with it a prize of $2GK) (maturity value) in War Bonds. Last ^year's second and third prize .vinners in District 6, Edwin F. Diecke, Huntley, g»nd Gust Roepke, Spring Grove, are conceded a good chance if they enter the 1942 contest. The rules allow ample opportunity for newcomers too, because no previous winner .•an receive the same or a lesser award. * ' While shortage of help handicaps many farmers this year, those who are abl»"*to enter the Neat Farm contest have the special satisfaction of competing for prizes of much higher value than any offered in previous years. First prize in each of the association's fifteen districts is $75 (maturity value) in War Bonds; second prize in each District is a $50 War Bond, and third prize a $25 War Bond. Final judging prizes total $350 in War Bonds. Agricultural leaders hare commented favorably on the impetus which the Neat Farm contest is giving to the metal salvage campaign and the fact that the contest helps to inform city consumers of the dairy farmers' part in the War effort. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Beller and daughter, Monica, returned last Saturday from San Diego to spend the summer at their home At.'Orchard Beach*. VOTE IK QUEEN CONTEST HEAVY Voting in the election of the Legion's Queen of Funland has stepped up to a furious tempo in several provinces of the queen's realm, -according to a press-time check of polling places. The heaviest vote so far re corded is reported from McHenry's East River suburb, next largest from Riverside and third from Wonder Luke. The queen candidate receiving the largest vote up to July 5 is to reign foi one year thereafter over the McHenry recreation area and receive from her honor guard, the McHenry Legion post, a twenty-five dollar costume order on Betty Nielsen's salon of finery and frippery. Leaders Following is'listed the vote strength from heaviest to lightest by province and by candidate therein: East River--Sunshine Frisby, Mar\ Sutton. Riverside -- Mary Lynn Murphy, Katherine Wirtz, Elenore Rankin Reid Wonder Lake--Florence Dean, Dorothy Heilman. West McHenry--Evelyn ' Anderson, Shirley Heide, Elaine Landgren, Lilian Nordin Larson. Lily Lake - ' Vojo -- Alma Boehm. Nancy Lee Justen. Centerville -- Irene Dowell, Eva Unti, Mary Simon, Catherine Wirtz, Gladys Keegan. Pistakee Bay--Terry Hanson. MeCullom Lake--Betty Ebey. Loui&e H o r n . J REV. AND MRS. H. J. COLLINS and went that same evening to live in Dayton. Ohio, where Mr. Collins was employed as a printer. Here one son was horn on their fiist wedding anniversary. In the fall of 1896, Mr. Collins accepted a call to the Methodist ministry. ard entered Northwestern 'university arid Garrett Biblical Institute in Evanston. Their first charge (student) was at C'hei ung. in this county, and the served the little church at Spring Grove for4four and a half years as a supply pastor, leaving that charge last! Christmas time to enter Wesley hospitah Chicago, for a serious, operation and treatment. So they began and ended their long ministry in McHenry county. Serve Nine Charges • v Through the forty-five yeat* they have served nine charges in Northern Illinois and three in southern Wisconsin. He also taught in. the Snead Junior college in Northern Alabama for awhile. They have raised four sons who will be with them at this memorable anniversary next Sunday. These son^ and their families all live within a radius pf slightly more than fifty miles. Because of affliction, Rev. and Mrs. Collins retired from active service seven years ago and bought themselves a little home in Ringwood which they have made a place of beauty. Both are in reasonably good health and enter into the social and religious life of that community. FEW HIGH SCHOOL COURSES UNDERGO SLIGHT CHANGES WILL AID PRE-AVIATION TRAINING PAROCHIAL SCHOOL HAS IMPRESSIVE SERVICES SUNDAY GIVE OPERETTA FRIDAY ,• EVENING ' ' ' •With the presentation of an exceptionally fine school play by the pupils of St. Mai y - St, Patrick's school last F riday evening at the high school Hiiditori'Ujjj. and with impressive services for graduation held at the e:ght | o'clock mass last Sunday at St* Mary's | church, eight years of study, ng came to a close for twenty-two graduates. Next year they will enter high s.hool where it is honed they may finish as succesfully as they have at the parochial school, under the capable guidance of the Sisters. The" two-act operetta, which the children presented last Friday evening. was entitled * Molly, Be Joly." Musical accompaniment was provided | by the school orchestra. The 'story concerned a play which the children decided to piesent. In reality it was a circus ena;ted in a barn. From the beginning, which was a patriotic skit, to the closing parade by all the cast through the aisles, the play was realistically portrayed and provided an enjoyable evening for the audience. Each class took part in some portion of it and the antics of the clowns and the circus anima's were especially amusing.,. Between acts the orchestra played the ' Toy Symphony" overture. Graduation The graduation exercises which, were held Sunday morning were beautiful and impiessive. Msgr. C. S. Nix presented diplomas to the twenty-two graduates and John Fleming and Bernice Smith were given the Legion awards. Congratulations to the entire class and especially to these two students who were honored with these special awards in recognition of several admirable characteristics. Eileen Smith was givtn honrable mention. Msgr. Nix also preached a very inspiring and fitting sermon for the graduates and their many friends and relatives present. Rev. Wm. O'Rourke and Rev. Paul Tuchlinsky were also present to assist. St. Mary - St. Patrick school closed Wednesday. JEANNE WARNER GRADUATED FROM NURSING SCHOOL SCHOLARSHIP GIVEN BARRY TAXMAN FOR FINE COMPOSITIONS Mrs. William Smith and daughter, Ann, of Chicago visited in the Clarence Martin home last week. Ann remained for a month's visit with her grandpa renta. /Itesd the Wan* Ads! Friends here will be glad to hear of the honoi bestowed upon Barry Taxman, son of Mr. and Mrs. Morris Taxman of McHenry. Barry was recently granted a scholarship to study with Leo Sowerby of the American Conservatory of Music. Through the scholarship he will be given instruction in counterpoint and composition. The scholarship award was given after Mr. Sowerby had heard two of Barry's compositions, "Ballade" and "Etude." He is continuing his piano lessons with Howard Wells in the Fine Arts building ^>n Michigan avenue. X N O T I C E ! ? The Beach Committee of the Property Owners Association of MeCullom Lake are asking property owners to come to the beach Sunday, June 14, at 9:00 a. m. Your help is needed for work planned on the beach and park. No tools needed. Thanks a lot and will aee you next weekend. A meeting was called by a representative of the state for last Thursday afternoon at the county court house under the supervision.(of Mrs. Ethel C. Coe, county superintendent of schools. Means •were discussed at the meeting for the revamping of high school courses for the purpose of giving as much pre-aviation training as possible. Plans have already been.made in our own school to change a number ot courses to adjust them to the preparation of boys for necessary army, navy and air service. Plans have been made to encompass advanced mathematics, physics and physical education. An outilne has been made by the national government indicating mathematics training necessary to prepare boys for aviation, the navy or army. This outline will be closely followed in our local school. The physics course will not be changed radically as the outline of the government is almost identical to what is now being taught here. The biggest change in physics will be a change of problems. The problems next year will deal with artillery and mechanical problems and those concerning airplanes. Athletic Prifrui The phsical education program will be changed to conform with the type of activities recommended by the government to place boys in the best condition for military life. Many exercises to be followed are identical to those used during the early part of army and navy training. Although the courses are revamped to meet the requirements of government forcea, It is important to note that these subjects will not be injured as far as acting as preparatory subjects for college. All college requirements will be met as in the past. Most important thing discussed at the meeting was the probability of having a new and special course "Pre- Flight Aeronautics," which will be givein for J-unior and Senior students. The course was emphatically urged by the government to be given in all schools and it is highly probable that such a course will be carried out here if satisfactory arrangements can be made. Senior students of the St. Joseph S.hool of Nursing in Elgin who have ^uccessfuly completed their course of training, were graduated at an impressive service which was-conducted Sunday afternoon, June 7, in the hospital Chapel. The graduates, in cap and gown, ;»m( carrying arm bduquetn, w«»re es- ° N O T I C E ! If there is any man from the immediate vicinity of McHenry who is now in the service and is not receiving The Plaindealer each week, we will gladly send it to him if some member of the family will send us thecomplete address. Iliere is no charge for this service. J N O T I C E ! Election of officers for McHenry Red Cross will be held at the City Hall Thursday evening, June 18, at eight o'clock. Members, men and women, are urged to attend. Names of newly elected officers must be forwarded to our parent chapter before July 1st. ^ LILLIAN SAYLER, Sec'y. LORETTO WALSH. Cham. JEANNE WARNER corted into the chapel in a (processional formed by the other students of the school. The ceremonies this year were of special interest to residents of McHenry because one of the graduates. Miss Jeanne Warner, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Wa'ter Warner of Elg n, was a former McHenry resident. Bicause of her frequent visits here she still has many friends in this community. Her mother will be remembered as the former Ifene Frisby af McHenry. The Rev. Fr. B.. EL Beddoes, assistant pastor of St. Mary's Catholic church, delivered the sermon and distributed uthe diplomas, assisted by Rev. Fr. F. P. Heckinger, hospital chnpliin. Following the service an informal reception was held in "the recreation hall. Members of the graduating class were: Margaret Al-hon. Dundee: Dorothy Goll, Illinois Park: Marie E. McCarthy, Woodstock: Narcv E. Pace, Yeoman City; Elaine Fern Bu«se, Phyllis Ann H-'iman, Phyllis Margaret Kirkpatri'k. Betty Jare Schnta. Jeanne Margaret W amer and Doris Ruth Walbaum. Elgin. Miss ELla Rqthweiler is director of the St. Joseph School of Nursing. WAR BOND FLAG RAISING The McHenry Brewing Co. wi'l have a War Bond flag raising celebration . this week. This company has received this award from the U. S. Treasury Department, honoring the company and its employees in subscribing 100 per cent for IT. S. Wv Bonds. H. J. SCHNAITMAN.^ _ Manager. Robber Stamps at Tbe Plaindeejkr AUTO USE STAMPS Hie government auto use stamps are now on sale at the Dostofficeo. Motorists are required to have theoa stamps by July 1. 44