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*rm • c 5" ^'AV-Z Ptfe Txo I a. >-*,. n^.jr-. ^ rtjkOMAltt ; Thttf*aaj.JuM 22^19*4. O Washington Digests U. S. First to Experiment ^ With Use of Air Troops Demonstration Arranged by General Mitchell at Kelly Field in 1928; HQIfieers 'Not Impressed/ 'Billy' By BAUKHAGE ,\fi<j Analyst and Commentator. Lights of New York by L. L. STEVENSON SLOCUM LAKE ; WSJJ Services Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. When the story of the present war Is written, the outstanding logistical' novelty--the feature which differs most from the methods employed in : the movement of fighting jutnits in previous wars--will be the use pf '•> airborne troops. . . " ^ / Already the airborne units have >' been revealed as , vital factors fn the invasion landings, where they have been used on a scale which '1; dwarfs anything heretofore from the i first widely publicized Russian ex- 5 periments in 1930 to the German air . invasion of Crete or the reitiarkable achievements of smaller units in . Burma. . Since it is taken for granted that the United States is going to carry the major burden in the later phases of the invasion, it is a matter of satisfaction to know that the idea of transporting troops by plane was first developed by the United States army. No one will be surprised that it was that stormy petrel of aviation, Gen. "Billy" Mitchell, whose wings beat so futilely against the hidebound brasshats of his day, who is credited with arranging the first demonstration of troop transportation by air. The report of his first fruitless demonstration is buried so deep in the war department files that I can only quote from lay sources concerning it. But it seems that in 1928 ten soldiers parachuted from a Martin bomber onto Kelly field in Texas. With them went machine gun equipment. Ail landed safely and in three minutes after they hit the ground the machine gun was assembled. Officers who observed the "stunt" (which is what it was then considered) were not impressed. That is, the American officers. Some Russians were present. They made notes, and some two years later ' their paratroopers were descending tr earth to the "ohs" and "ahs" of American movie audiences. Germany observed but went to work in silence, with the results with which we were made painfully familiar from the days of the invasion of Poland on. But "Billy" Mitchell's idea slumbered in the files and he did not live to see its renascence here four years ago. Nazi Refinements These facts have been forgotten by most people who probably think that the Russian experiments were the fir$t. The Germans picked up and improved the Russians'- technique, working out their paratroop plans as a part of the developments of their then peerless Luftwaffe, whose threatening shadow moulded European dipjomacy before the outbreak of the war. Thl German paratroopers demonstrated their real value in the blitz against the low countries. It was not until April of 1940 that the United States troop carrier command, which carries troops in transports and gliders, was organized. Now it is larger than the whole of our air force of three years ago. The airborne force, created a few J weeks earlier, is now numbered in entire divisions, as we know from German reports, and includes tens oI thousands of fighting men and technical personnel. The British paratroopers were used effectively as far back as 1942 and they made the first contact with German troops in North Africa in November of the same year. The U. S. airborne forces are made up of both paratroop and glider forces. They are separate from the , troop carrier command which transports them, just as the foot soldier is distinct from the seaman who carries him from shore to Bhore. The paratroopers (a part of the airborne forces) alone serve frequently, as aerial commandos, seizing enemy airports of suitable terrain where the troop transports or glider planes cannot yet land; The Paratroopers When operations require large numbers of men and more complicated equipment, such as those performed back of the shore defenses ; and even much farther inland in Prance, paratroopers are supple- , merited by the troops landed from transports and . gliders. This frequently means that the paratrooper Should a young woman come up to you on Broadway or elsewhere and ask what breakfast food you and your family are eating these winter mornings, don't pass her by with the thought that she may be a little wacky or that she is trying to lead you into some kind of a trap. She's merely earning $8 a day-t-witn 95 cents deducted for withholding tax --by making a survey. For some reason or other--the girls are not told what--there are a lot of surveys being made right now. Perhaps manufacturers are trying to get a line on postwar. trends. But whatever the-cause, each day advertising agencies send out crews of girls. Each girl is assigned to a specific territory and each girl must interview a certain number of persons, the total increasing or decreasing with the number of questions she is required to ask. In most instances, sexes are specified as well as age groups and, sometimes*, ihr .come- groups. "• ,) ."<••' • The surveys cover a lot of ground r-from the tea you drink, the soap with which you wash your hands or lingerie, to the newspaper you read. A couple of examples will illustrate the range. One girl was required to ask persons in her territory to repeat a jingle used as a radio commercial. Incidentally, she learned that not one of the 50 she interviewed could go beyond the first line. Another girl had a list of titles for a forthcoming book and her day's work consisted of finding the favoi> ite among 15 mothers and 35 girls ranging in age from 13 to 17. It | being a mild day, she completed the list. Had the weather been bad, the survey, taken as a whole, might not i have been accurate. Some girls, on , days when cold bites bare fingers, | merely take their lists home and | fill out.the blanks according to their j own ideas. But, according to my in- | formant, most rr.ake an effort to get actual returns. ••.-j •. . Joe E. Brown wasn't a comedian as he talked informally to guests at a Blue Network- luncheon at the Waldorf's Starlight Roof. He was in a serious mood indeed since he was speaking as *a man who had just completed approximately 100,000 miles of travel that had taken him to the battlefronts of the world-- travel that had brought him into the closest contact with our fighting forces from China to Italy ;iand from the Aleutians to Australia. His meetings with those lads in hospitals, intents, out in the open and" in dugouts, had left a deep impression to skim the hilltops, dodge the hay- j on him--an impression he summed stacks, keep as low as possible in | up in the words, "It makes me valleys, or bqfrween obstacles like proud - to be an American." It trees and buildings which serve as wasn't what he had done--he made protection. j that very clear--that gave him such Glider Pilot'* Job , . . Ja feeliPg' but il.,was ^h J at J those A11, , , sv i l ^ ^ 1 youngsters in uniform had done-- Although the glider pilot has nd I ' - engine to worry about, he must i know meteorology, navigation, | aerial reconnaissance, photography, j maintenance and radio communication. He must learn to land quickly j and near trees or other obstacles i where the troops can take cover; ; one means of making a quick land- | ing is purposely to snag a wing on i a tree trunk or the bottom of the j plane on rocks. The men inside are ( protected by a steel framework. | And then when the pilot lands, all he has to do is fight his way back to his own lines with the rest of his one-time passengers. Like them, he has to know all the commando knows. Some of the tales which have already gone into the growing saga of the airborne forces are marvelous. One is' told of an adventure which took place early in. the invasion of France. A glider, its towline cut, was suddenly left in the dark of the moon. Some light is necessary for a landing, of course. In the period when the moon was clouded, there was nothing for the pilot to do but to keep on descending. He did and landed unexpectedly but on very smooth terrain. The troopers quickly debouched and sought cover as they are trained to do. But there was no cover. They found they were on the wide, flat roof of a building. They found an entrance through the roof and cautiously crept down the stairs. To their surprise, they discovered they were in a building full of German soldiers and which housed the German headquarters. for that area. But the Americans were armed, and needless to say the Germans were somewhat surprised. They surrendered without much trouble. However, it is not always as easy as that and since it is an axiom of military history that for every new arm of offense, an arm of defense is developed,' we may expect fresh obstacles to be created which these youngest sons of Mars will have to meet as they grow older. must capture or prepareair strips for this purpose. Allied airborne troops were used .effectively at the landing in Sicily, where General Montgomery said they shortened the campaign by at least a week. They also proved of great value in New Guinea. ; The full extent, of their per-> formance in the invasion of Europe has yet to be revealed; but we have General Eisenhower's own word as to their value and his praise has been unstinted. The chief functipn of the soldier of the air until recently has been the destruction of enemy communications and installations such as ammunition and supply dumps, dynamiting bridges and wrecking railvvay junctions behind trte lines. Now they are prepared to engage the enemy in large-scale operations which reached major proportions for the first time in France. Preceding the Normandy landings, one of their jobs was to prevent destruction of certain points like bridges and other installations which the troops advancing from the beachhead wanted to make use of later. In this case, they had to take the bridges from the enemy defenders and then hold them against counter attacks of the local reserves, armed with tanks and field artillery, until their own advancing ground troops or air reinforcements arrived. Such action is possible because jeeps, one-ton trailers, howitzers; heavy -and light calibre machine guns, mortars, mines, and other equipment including food, medical supplies, water, and of course amihunition, can be transported by the troop carrier command. The troops have food and ammunition sufficient for about three days sustenance without replenishment. The pilots of the troop carriers are trained under most difficult conditions and must have an extra share of courage and intelligence. They fly slowly and about their only escape from the speedy fighters is Chicago,- having, sold their home there, ate ribw living in the upper rooms in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Esping. Mrs. Harry Matthews accompanied Mrs. Harold Rudsinski, Mrs. J. A. Ross, Mrs. R. G. Lueder and Miss belle Taggart of Wauconda and attended Worthy Matrons and Worthy night at Nunda Chapter, Sunday at the home of Mr. and M^, James Thomson at Williams Park, j d*y evening. # Mrs. Elmer Esping began, on!' Mrs. Harry Matthews was hostess Monday, a six weeks extension j to twenty members of the Ladies course at the high school at Wood-1 Auxil^ry of the Federated church of stodc given by the Northern, 111., j Wauconda, at her home last Thurs- State Teachers college of DeKalb. ; day. Sewing and visiting was the Mrs. C. H. Hansen called on rela-! diversion with the serving of retives in Chilcago Monday. j freshments. The next meeting will Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Parks and j be at the home of Mrs. John Stefan Mrs. Ella - Parks of Park Ridge at Wauconda., (By Mrs. Harry Matthews) Mr. and Mrs. Harry Matthews and Mrs. W. L. Spafford were callera at McHenry Saturday. Oscar Carlson of Barrington spenti,Patrons _ ) O E. S., at Crystal Lake last Thurs- Cttster Battlefield Is Cemetery The largest national cemetery is the Custer battlefield in Montana. Arlington, Vat, has" the greatest number of graves. h_ Silage Feed Silage can be fed in quantities from 30 to 50 pounds per cow a daft' according to size and condition if the cow. ; spent Sunday evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Brooks. Mrs. Celia Dowell and daughter, Marion, and three grand-children were callers at Libertyville Saturday evening. Mrs. Frank LaBelle was a guest at the home of Mr. and. Mrs. C. H. Hansen last Friday. Mr", and Mrs. Vernon Cunningham and children of River Grove were guests Saturday at the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. L. Newman. Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Brooks and son, Chesney, called on ; Merwin Fuller at Great Lakes. Paul Larson of Des Plaines spent several days the past week at, the Blomgren-tLusk home. Mr. and Mrs. John Blomgren and Mr. and Mrs. George Lundgren of Wauconda visited at the home of Mr. and Mrs. L. Swanson at Hebron Sunday. "Mrs. Robert Jones and three children of. Golden Bull Farm spent from Wednesday until Sunday visiting her sister at Burlington, Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Walter Davies attended a Hampshire picnic at Wild Rcse Farm near St. Charles last Friday. Mrs. Harold Fornoff of Chicago spent the weekend at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. James Thomson, at Williams Park. . Miss Margaret Munro, R. N., of Chicago spent the weekend at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Byrne at Williams Park. Marlett Henry, Jr., and several friends attended the Cub baseball game at WVigley Field in Chicago j Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Frank Jordan of Harvard spent Saturday evening at' the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. L.1 Newman. Their son, Charles, re- { turned home with them. 1 Mr. and Mrs. Harry Matthews vis- j ited at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Allen Hayford at Crystal Lake Sun-j day. i I Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Spafford of i Mr. and Mrs. ft. W. Lusk and daughter, Betty Loo, were callers at DeKalb last Saturday evening and also attended a birthday party that same evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Swan Olson at Maple Park in honor of Mrs. Olson. CLARENCE'S SHOP Bird Houses, Lawn Chairs, Pier Benches, Swings, Trellises, Wheelbarrows, Wagons, etc. Barn and House Brooms, Market Baskets and Wash Baskets, hand woven; genuine Leather Belts, Billfolds, etc. CLARENCE J. SMITH JOHHSBUBG, ILLINOIS © Carnauba Wax Before the United States turned to the making of arms on a gigantic scale, Brazil sent large quantities of carnauba wax to this country for entirely pacific purposes. It helped make sweet music in phonograph records. It imparted a bright polish to the floors and furniture of innumerable homes. It had a constantly lengthening miscellany of uses-in industry, entering into manufacturing processes for products ranging from lubricating oils to soap and sound film. It hardened lipstick. j CosHvCoUs, r UT EGG PRODUCTION few* bib Pt bar qpatkly «w • IN TNI for eolda *ad brwthint troubles Helj* pr»- T«t *pr**d; relierea irmjrtona. Worki from th« Inaid* kkfcssiinnffti iw)d uorder*. i Dnd akxM, or ia Mm cm Vitb VAPO-SPRAY. (PRAY WITH VAPO-SPRAY Oni Iwdi of the bird*. Rapid in l kick in antiseptio and in- WutVaJM. Oct VAPO-SPRAY or Inemtiliion NOW, and be propared. Bolger's Drug Store Green Street McHenry ^7:30 p.m.; lharp At Gauike's Sale Barn--Route 47--Woodstock, Illinois Charles Leonard, Auctioneer - 300 HEAD OF LIVESTOCK 40 HEAD OF CHOICE HOLSTEIN AND 25 GTnBKNSEY AND JERSEY COWS Either Close Springers or Fresh 200 HEAD OF FEEDER PIGS 50 HEAD OF STEERS AND DAIRX, HEIFERS ATTENTION FARMERS: BRING YOUR VEAL CALVES AND KILLER HORSES FOR HIGHEST market prices. Call Woodstock 572 or 499 if you have livestock to consign All consignors make arrangements to get your livestock in, either the day before-the sale or bring same morning of sale. • Terms: 25 per"cent down, balance in monthly installments. .1 to 16 months time at l/2 of 1 per cent interest. Woodstock Commission Sales Company WILLIAM E. GAULKE, Owner Phone 572 .J "• and were doing all over the world. • • • Naturally, Brown had considerable to say about heroes. Heroes on our fighting fronts are a dime a dozen, he declared. Not that he was disparaging heroism--he was merely expressing its commonness. Furthermore, you never can be sure who is a hero, he added. He may be a clear-eyed stripling or he may , be a man whose years have given him girth and who^isn't even in uniform. • • • For a moment, Brown digressed and spoke of heroism abstractly. He declared that there is no such a thing as a yellow streak in our men. A man may run away--or at least want to run away--one day and the next day eagage in such feats of daring that he rightly wins the title of hero. Morale depends on many things, all of which must be taken into account in reaching a true approximation. Our men, no matter where they are, do a lot of griping-- all soldiers are natural born gripers. They are extremely eager to get back to Mom and Pop--another entirely natural feeling. The most frequent expression he heard was, ! "Gee, I'd like to go home." Bui j invariably, there was an addition, I "After we do this job." • • 0 Cuff Notes: The doorman of the I Henry Hudson Hotel, instead of the , usual shrill whistle, uses a musi<j teacher's pitchpipe to summon cabs . . . Perry Como quips that it's n<* wonder George Washington nevef i told a lie--there were no income tax statements to fill out in those days" ' . . . Carl Brisson claims he's dis» I covered a sign in a Madison avenue reducing salon reading, "Avoifi I Unpleasant Breadth" . . . Gene, Fowler's son Bill is now an actor ; with Columbia Pictures . . . Got lot of laughs out of that story'with-' , out words, "Eve," a cartoon boojk i by Myron Waldman, published by j Stephen Daye, Inc. Bell Syndicate.--WNU Feature*. (I £ Pep-up your pressure cooker *.. canning season's coming! Give yout pressure cooker s beauty treatment inside and out. Qeanse and dry aftet each using. B R I E F S . • . by Baukhage More than 2,000,000 dozen essential items of infants' and children's wearing apparel will be produced during June, July and August, according to the WPB. • • • Release of an additional 12,000,000 pounds of dried prunes from the 1943 production to civilians has been authorized by WFA. Rumanian authorities are having so much difficulty equipping their army that all men called into service are instructed to bring along two changes of underwear. • • • • The'number of persons working on farms in the United States on April 1 was about 3 per cent lower than in th^same period last year. British Lawyers Drafts Case Against Hitler LONDON.--Britain's top lawyers are preparing the most momentous case of all time--the case of civilization versus Adolf Hitler.. The law officers are advising the government on the forms which the charges against Hitler must take and are building their legal case with scrupulous accuracy. Clean threads on control •alve. (Leave control valve lever in horizomai positkm when not in use.) Seal Forage Forage should be cut fine and thoroughly packed with moisture enough to seal tight without leaking. Bananas Aplenty Bananas grow profusely In Hawaii. The plant, a giant vegetable Sather than a tree, dies after bearing a single bunch of fruit. A bunch fomprises a stalk bearing many *hands," such as tit bdught at corner grocery. Conserve Rubber To conserve rubber, farmers can oonvert only the larger steel-drive wheels of their tractors to rubber tires, and not the small front steering wheels. Good Egg Layer Experienced poultrymen can pick a good egg layer by the brightness of eye; full, bright-red, waxy comb and wattles; moist, dilated*vent, and whiteness of shanks and beak on yellow-skinned varieties. Stem First Ships as a rule are launched stern , first. However, they have been launched upside down, in sections, and sideways. Oil band-lock screw. Ventilate cooker by leaving cover undamped. Keep in dry place. keep pressure gauge dry. Never place hot cooker in cold water or put cold water in hot cooker. Incidentally, never fry or sear food in cooker. Always put water ia cooker before using. Winter Driving Lower visibility and poorer traction make lower speeds necessary in winter than in other seasons of the year. On ice and packed snow even 35 is too high for safety. Stopping distances may be three to eleven times those cm dry concrete pava- **>ent. PublieS ERVICE Company of Norther n 111 i n oi s Jl till 1151 Public Service people are now in the Armed Force* of Our Country... those remaining will , coounue to back those ia Service by providing vital power md gas to toorici, turn, and homes. c* 0