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y I*AGE 4 - PLAINDEALER-FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2H, 1973 The Law Serves You Howlett Moves To Drop Unneeded Road Tests EDITOR'S NOTE: The following questions have been - asked by citizens recently, sometimes receiving in­ complete of confusing replies, leaving them with, in some cases, doubts about the sur­ vival of our democratic system Thus. Illinois State Bar Association officials feel that explanations must be given to both questions to give the public a more enlightened concept of how our system operates and the strengths built into it Article No. s-118 By the Illinois State Bar Association THE 25th AMENDMENT AND PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION What subjects does the 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution cover and what is 'he line of succession to the office of President, asks the Illinois State Bar association0 Although the 25th Amend­ ment states that in the case of removal of the President, the Vice-President shall take of­ fice. and. that whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice-President, the President shall nominate a Vice- President. the majority of the language of the Amendment relates to a vacancy in the Office of President due to his being unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. For instance, quoting from the Amendment. "Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the Hf>use of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice- President as acting President." For instance, quoting from the Amendment. "Whenever the President transmits to the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice- President as acting President " Furthermore, again quoting from the 25th Amendment, "Whenever the Vice-President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice- President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President." However, if the President then writes the President pro tempore and the Speaker tha t b o such inability exists, he shall assume the powers and duties of the office unless the Vice- President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or another body designated by Congress transmit, within four days, notice to the Speaker and President pro tempore that they believe this to be false, states the Illinois State Bar association. Congress then shall be called to assemble within forty-eight hours to decide the issue, if it is not already in session. It will have twenty-one days to vote on the fate of the President. A two-thirds vote of both Houses is needed to disqualify '1 him from office. This is as far as the 25th Amendment goes, which then, rightfully brings up the second question:"What is the line of succession to the Office of President beyond that of the Vice-President now?" Illinois State Bar association officials point out that the next in line for succession is the Speaker of the House and then the President pro tempore of the Senate. However, in order to give a complete answer to the question, Illinois State Bar association officials consider the following hypothetical situation: who would assume Michael J. Howlett, Secretary of State, has an­ nounced he will take ad­ ministrative action to eliminate unnecessary road tests for experienced drivers with good records. Effective Jan. 1, the Secretary's office will drop the "random road test on renewal" that has been operating for four years. The road test also will be the presidency if there was a vacancy in the offices of Vice- President, Speaker of the House and President pro tempore of the Senate? According to a federal law enacted Jan. 19, 1886, which remains in the federal code to this day, the line of succession proceeds to the president's cabinet officers. The Illinois State Bar association points out, the order for succession is as follows: the Secretaries of State, the Treasury, Defense, Attorney General, the Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health, Education and Welfare, Housing and Urban Development, and Tran­ sportation. Such persons must be confirmed by the Senate as acting President and would then serve the unexpired term of the vacant position. There have been only a few minor amendments to this law, contained in Article Three of the Federal Code, under the title of "The President". The changes, made in 1948, 1956, 1966, and 1970, include the additons of new cabinet positions and the removal of the U.S. Postmaster General due to the fact the U.S. Postal Service was established and the Postmaster General was no longer a cabinet officer. dropped for out of state drivers who have just moved to Illinois with valid licenses from another state. "At least 150,000 unnecessary road tests a year will be cut out," said Howlett. "Our ex­ perience has found no evidence that the unnecessary testing has reduced traffic accidents or traffic fatalities. "From now on. we will test only those who should be required to prove they can drive safely. We won't bother those who already have proved it." Road tests will continue to be required for the following applicants for driver's licen­ ses: 1. New drivers seeking a license for the first time. 2. Drivers who have had their licenses revoked for any reason, such as drunken driving, reckless driving or habitual offenses. 3. Drivers who have been cited for examination by the Secretary's office. Those in­ clude drivers with questionable ability or drivers whose families have asked that their driving privilege be taken away. 4. Drivers who wish to upgrade their class of driver's license, such as a licensed passenger car driver who wants a license to drive a truck or bus. 5. Drivers who have let their licenses lapse for a year or longer. 6. Drivers 69 years old or older who apply for renewal of an expiring license. (Reexamination every three years of drivers 69 or over is required by Illinois statute). In 1969, the Secretary of State announced a new policy under which drivers who come up for license renewal every three years are selected at random, by a computer, for retesting. The intent of the program was to be sure every driver would be re tested at least once every nine years, whether on the first, second or third renewal of a three-year license. Illinois is the only one of the 50 states with such random selection criteria which schedules a road test as a part of the renewal process. The federal government's Drivers License Standard, established by the U.S. Secretary of Transportation, does not contemplate use of a road test in the renewal process. In 1972, there were 46,140 road tests scheduled for Illinois drivers applying for renewal of expired licenses. There were 111,157 more drivers who came in with valid licenses from other states and were required to take road tests for an Illinois license. "Those drivers were already licensed when they applied," said Howlett. "Instead of deciding whether they should be granted driving privileges, my office had to decide whether or not the privileges should be taken away. "They were licensed to drive in Illinois before they moved to Illinois. If they were safe enough drivers in Illinois before they moved here, they should be safe enough when they bring their residence here. "Thousands of drivers licensed in the adjoining states of Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky and Indiana drove into Illinois every day to go to work. But they don't have to take an Illinois road test unless they move here. "Instead of requiring a road j test of migrants from other states, we should simply review^ their driving records and give! them the written and visual tests we require periodically of - drivers who have been living in Illinois right along." Howlett said all 50 states are moving toward uniformity in licensing requirements and procedures under the federal standard. The Secretary can assume anyone who has ob­ tained a license in another state could drive a car safely in Illinois. "Eliminating unnecessary road tests will save 6,554 man- days of work by examiners in my office, paid for by the taxpayer," said Howlett. "But this saving is little, compared to the saving of time for the 150,000 drivers who must give up so much of it to take the road test." For Immediate Delivery 1974 AUTO LICENSE PLATES Purchase your 1974 license plates. NOW ON SALE HERE! STATE ISSUED, PREPRINTED APPLICATIONS ore required this year to purchase license plates. Forms to order applica­ tions are available at the bank if you do not have the appli­ cation mailed to you by the State. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF McHENRY 3814 West Elm Street McHenry, Illinois 60050 s p u r g e o n s We'd rather mark it down than count it! Hurry in and shop every department-- then count your savings in big dollars! -Sportswear- PANT SETS Reg. '8.99 • '18.99 NOW J7°° - J15°° Dresses ALL LADIES DRESSES REDUCED *2.00, *3.00, '4.00 and '5.00 OFF ioats LADIES, GIRLS 25% &M0RE OFF REG. PRICE! 100's TO CHOOSE FROM --Accessories--i LADIES KNIT CAPES Reg. *11.99 NOW *9°° Shoes Jeweliy- EARRINGS, NECKLACES, 1EWELRY BOXES AND MORE UP TO 50% OFF -Mens Top Coots 25% OFF REG. PRICE ] 10.99 sgoo '9.99 J700 '8.99 $700 '7.99 *6°° '6.99 *5°° '5.99 *400 Most Styles In Girls, Hoys and Ladies -Girls Dresses SIZES 1-3, 3-6x, 7-14 10.99 $300 '8.99 *6M '6.99 *5°° '5.99 $450 "Long" Dresses ALL REDUQED UP TO m OFF REG. PRICE MARKET PLACE SHOPPING CENTER 4400 WEST ROUTE 120 STORE HOURS- Mon-Fri 8:30-8:30 Saturday 8:30-6:00 Sunday 10:00-5:00 10 9 1 6 *, t H „ CHOOSE IT AND CHARGE IT AT SPURGEON'S SKI TIME America's Great Wintertime Sport First of a Series By Pat Dudgeon INTRODUCTION TO SKIING Schoos, Schoos. Weeeeeee. "Bend your knees, please." White winter-time. Mountains. Bright, shiny colors flashing through the snow covered trails. People sliding silently downhill with their feet fastened to brilliant-colored boards. What is this seemingly risky sport all about? Is it just another thing to do? A fad? Why do such great hordes of people leave their suburban security to take on the most majestic of mountains under the severest of conditions? And pay to do so! Is this for real? Young and old, men and women alike risking their very limbs for what? Why do so many go so far so fast in order to glide, slide, slip and slither down mountains, across ridges and through valleys basked in the ivory white of winter? Whatever the reasons for these and many more questions about skiing one thing is certain -- again this year millions of Americans will be flocking to the hundreds of ski areas that have sprung up in this nation's mountains. Most people who try it seem to enjoy this participative sport. Some are forever fearful that broken bones await somewhere on the next hill. An ever-increasing number look upon skiing as a way of life. In the articles that follow we're going to try and discover what it is about this rapidly growing form of exercise that makes it so popular. Let's start at the be­ ginning. HISTORY of SKIING Skiing in one form or another originated in Scandanavia. As many as 5,000 years ago wood skis were fashioned for use in travel, hunting and even warfare. Gods and goddesses of skiing are alluded to throughout Viking classics. It wasn't until the middle of the nineteenth century, though, that skiing as a sport began to emerge. It was then that ski-carnivals started to flourish in Norway. Using skiis weighing twenty-five pounds and measuring twelve feet in length, and with one stick used as a brake, participants com­ peted in jumping events, and cross-country races. Mountain Sport The Norwegian miners who came to America and it* mountains in search of gold brought with them their almost fanatical interest In skiing. With the gold rush in full swing skiing competition within the camps provided relief from the heavy workload. Thus the seeds of skiing were sewn in the mining towns of the Sierras and Rockies. Skiing served other purposes too. Until the railroads were com­ pleted it was a vital winter land connection and kept the mail moving. By the 1890's professional's were ski-jumping for cash prizes in such unlikely places as Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin and New Hampshire. Modern-day skiing has its roots in central Europe. Around the turn of the century many refinements were begun in order to adapt known ski techniques to the steeper Alps. Downhill skiing replaced jumping and cross-country as interest was sparked in Austria, France and Switzerland. Shorter skiis were introduced and two poles began to be utilized. Ski schools began to burgeon. All these influences spread to the mountains of the North­ eastern United States and by 1932 Lake Placid, New York was playing host to only the third Winter Olympic Games. From that landmark the sport of skiing in America has grown to the appre­ ciable size and stature it enjoys today in the outdoor recreation industry. The skiing boom here was helped along by many factors. Chief among them were the importation of European instructors and the introduction of mechanical ways to get skiers back up the hill. Sun Valley, Idaho was developed by the Union Pacific Railroad in 1936. By this time the railroads were hauling thousands of skiers into the Eastern ski areas and thus such an enterprise was a natural outlet for Union Pacific capital. The first chair lifts were designed and built by their engineers and a whole new age in skiing began to emerge. It wasn't until after World War II, though, that skiing began to take the shape on which it exists today. And that brings us conveniently into the subject of our next article -- Skiing Today In The USA. Holiday with care (Drive with care. Enjoy this holiday and all the holidays to come.) DENNIS CONWAY 3319 West Elm Street McHeniy Phone: 385-7111 S T A T E F A R M I N S U R A N C E X STATE FARM INSURANCE COMPANIES Home Offices: Bloomington. Illinois I