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PAGE 18 - PLAINDEALER - WEDNESDAY. AUGUST 20.1975 New, individual reflect students9 Four years of high school, then four years of college ... a major field of study plotted out in the college catalog . . . course require­ ments for graduation . . . courses carefully separated by subject boundaries. • These are traditional ear­ marks of higher education which many state colleges and universities are chal­ lenging in an attempt to make education more meaningful and effective. Pilot programs launched Efforts to insure that each student receives the best education for his individual needs have led to many pilot and experimental pro­ grams: transitional years, three-year degrees, learn­ ing contracts and unstruc­ tured degrees. Some 85 students at State University College of New York at Fredonia are over­ coming the usual time re­ quirements for college by earning freshman credit while they complete their high school credits for graduation. During this "transition­ al" year, high school seniors earn college credit for stud­ ies on campus and in the high school. At the same time, their college work is credited to a high school diploma. The "transitional" year eliminates a year of college study, plus much of the repetition some freshmen say exists in the first year following high school. Learning at Governors State University in Illinois is no longer measured in lock-step courses, but rath­ er in terms of objectives in the form of "learning mod­ ules." The module may be a seminar, a series of lectures, a project, an experiment, independent study, or a combination. It may last a few days, a few weeks, or an entire year. The modules cross de­ partmental boundaries, are often coordinated by a team of teachers. They are in­ dividual and self-paced through the use of techni­ cal aids such as cassettes and slides. studies needs Modular learning is also used at West Virginia's Marshall University, where students receive written de­ scriptions of what they'll be expected to learn and where they can find the in­ formation. The program in­ volves no lectures, sched­ uled exams or classes. When a student thinks he is ready, he presents himself for an examination. Develop own course. A new freshman unit at Grand Valley State College, Michigan, makes students and their tutors responsible for developing their own course of study for the aca­ demic year. Studies are based on experience in the field. Another -experimental program depending on field experience is being con­ ducted at Mankato State College, Minnesota. The program consists of on-the- job training with an em­ ployer sponsor and course work at Mankato. Juniors and seniors spend eight to nine months on the job and summers on campus. Inquiry-oriented Rather than the tradi­ tional specialization in one subject, a new baccalaureate degree at California State University, Fullerton, con­ sists of inquiry-oriented studies which cut across academic lines. The B.A. in liberal stud­ ies, for instance, is designed for students who want to focus on a particular issue -- environment and society, urban poverty, or law, jus­ tice and society. Programs to fit student needs, rather than students conforming to program re­ quirements, are the goal of these self-selection studies. At St. Cloud State Col­ lege in Minnesota, students may take as many classes as they wish, at any level, in any subject area. ^The only requirement for grad­ uation is a minimum num­ ber of credit hours. Students at William Pat­ terson College of New Jer­ sey may create their own majors, choosing courses from as many areas as they wish. The only requirement for these self-designed ma­ jors is that the student have a plan and unity of purpose. ' . I Fem lib hampered in the classroom? Are the nation's schools contributing to the secon­ dary status of women? Are they, perhaps unwit­ tingly, responsible for wom­ en being treated like sec­ ond-class citizens? Some educators think so, and their point of view is outlined in a current publi­ cation of the National Edu­ cation Association. Stereotype schooling The article, entitled "Sex Role Stereotyping in the Schools," says it all starts in the classroom, beginning in kindergarten, where girls play in a doll corner and boys go to a jungle gym. What it all boils down to, the authors say, is that boys are taught to be superior to girls. Little girls, they say, are rewarded for * docility and dependence, while little boys are encouraged to be assertive and independent -- and this training carries over in their adult behavior. The upshot, the article contends, is that working women are paid less than men, and their earning po­ tential is often limited. Yet there is plenty of evi­ dence that school girls per­ form as well as boys in areas that are normally exclu­ sively male territory like sports and industrial arts. In most secondary schools, however, only an exception­ al girl will ask to be admit­ ted to an industrial arts course. And how many boys study nutrition, homemak- ing or family living? Girls also have a problem of "inadequate image re­ flection," according to the article. They don't see fe­ male images as often as male images in school ma­ terials. When female images do appear, they're not very interesting. This may ac­ count for boys' reluctance to read stories about girls. "A disproportionate num­ ber of females appear in minor roles; fewer females perform heroic or admir­ able tasks. Too many stories for elementary pupils show girls serving cookies, play­ ing with dolls, staying home to help mother, or being rescued ... by boys." 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REGULARLY $28.95 MONTHLY BUDGETING IS SIMPLE WITH WARDS CHARG-ALL CREDIT PLAN Service?Wfe have experts. Por your convenience the M O N . T H R U F R I . 1 0 - 9 A U T O S E R , V I C E I S O P E N S A T U R D A Y 9 : 3 0 - 5 7 D A Y S A W E E K SIFNDA V 19 1 Mon thru Fri. 8 30a.m. 9 p.m 12-5 Sat 8 30 S, son: 12 Noon 5 Crystal Lake 10."» Northwest High was Route 14 I'hone 4-39-3120 I K K K P A R K I N G Nimble fingers -- This boy may never have learned lo sew when sex role stereotyping was an unwritten law in the schools. Now, boys take homemaking if they wish, while girls are welcome in carpentry and auto mechanic shops. pected to cheer the boys on to victory -- often to ath­ letic scholarships and fat professional contracts. Furthermore, the authors charge, parents, teachers and counselors take a nar­ row view of career oppor­ tunities open to girls. Author asks "How often do we encour­ age an able girl to consider medicine, law or architec­ ture?" the authors ask. "We warn her instead of the difficulties . . . such an atti­ tude may cause a girl to doubt her own capabilities." "It is not enough to equal­ ize hiring practices and op­ portunities for adult wom­ en," they argue. "We must nurture the idea of a female equality at the earliest ages, for the heart of the prob­ lem lies in ... a strong con­ cept of self." A complete package of teaching and learning ma­ terials including filmstrips, leadership and discussion guides, cassettes, and pub­ lications on sex role stereo­ typing is available from the National Education Asso­ ciation, Publications, 1201 16th Street, N.W., Washing­ ton, D C. 20036. It is double pleasure to deceive the deceiver. -Jean De La Fontaine. PUNCH LINE OF THE WEEK WE HESITATE TO RECOGNIZE OPPORTUNITY /F IT COMES DISGUISED /4S HARD WORK. At home on the range THERE ARE OVER SIX MILLION on-campus students in America, and 90 percent of these always-hungry youngsters cook in their room. Happily, there is a single range unit with a full range of cooking and warming needs -- another gem of a product from Hamilton Beach-Scovill called the "5th" Burner. Featuring 7-position temperature control, 550 watts, 120 volts, this neat extra helping hand is also ideal for buffets and patio entertaining at home. d Earning while learning Cooperative education, alternating periods of •work on the job with study in the college classroom, appears to be gaining in popularity as more stu­ dents seek actual work experience while they earn college credits. Approximately 700 col­ leges and universities around the country offer some programs of cooper­ ative education with gov­ ernment, business and in­ dustry; breaking down that ivy-covered wall which can isolate the classroom. The American Associa­ tion of State Colleges and Universities found a wide variety of cooperative edu­ cation programs among its 318 member institutions; ranging from fashion mer­ chandising internships to clinical experience for stu­ dents in nuclear medicine technology. . The Association notes that for many of the state colleges and universities which are former teachers' colleges, cooperative edu­ cation isn't a new concept, but a logical outgrowth of the traditional student teaching experience in the community. Auto Service Tips BATTERY WATER LEVEL CWECK TtiE L£VEL |N EACH CELL EVEf^V hlEEK IN WOT LEATHER.. Tv\E LEVEL GWQULV &£ TO THE KING AMP NO DI5VLUBP iVATFK., REFRIGERATOR PEFR09T WATER , RAiN iNATER COLLECTED IN NOtl-METAL CONTAINERS. Cullom Knoll --DAILY LUNCHEON SPECIALS! Featuring Your Favorite: Jumbo Sandwiches • Homemade Soups Chili • Pizza (TAKE OUT OK EAT IN) Sandwiches Served until 10 P.MJ me CUUOM mu TAVERN OH MRTWM IK. HP. 185-9712