whi i "WOME cau WANTS. own Ex se GOVERN LEGAL TROUBLES. Cites Progress Made--Points Jury une Allowed in Foreign Nations. We mats: "been in the habit of thinking eJour law-courts as places where justice is dealt out. by mento men-only, where. men are-brought Beles: have been arrested® by "police- j n, interrogated by men captains, "or Or acenccate, eo guarded 'i in prison. 'by men jailers. In addition men are brought into court by men bail- -iffs, tried by juries of men,' sen- tenced by men judges, and cared}. for by men in the institutions to which they are commit says rs. Louise De Kovén Bowen in the Survey Press bureau. We do not often think of -the thousands of unfortunate women brought into our courts. pite ir numbers and their great need . for special care, our legal ae ge ery is still largely in the hands of men, although many eminent law- yers and jurists are feeling the need of woman's help and sympathy in dealing with wonien. Care of Woman Prisoners, From the time of the arrest of a . woman to the final disposition of her ; case she is at a disadvantage. 'In j the police stations of most large - cities the wornen are herded to- } gether, the innocent with "the Yguilty, the clean with.the unclean. The sleeping accommodations are vile. 'When the woman appears for her preliminary examination she is ' tousled and untidy as the 'result of having been without proper toilet accommodations, and therefore is apt to create an unfavorable im- pression. Arrests of women should be made, if possiblé, by women police. Women prisoners should be placed under the supervision of a police matron. When the time comes for} their trial they should be accompan- ied to the courtroom by wernen who can explain the legal procedure 'to them and stand beside them when they are subjected to the harassing questions so frequently put to them by attorneys. Ilave Special Courts. One large city "in the west has done away with its old police courts, and in their place has municipal jing unable to purify cessary to sits sok eae e a psy snot expert and comniitted, not t age but tw eau Pap dias pera pee oes Sea TEN MILLION PEOPLE OF FOOD. iy REISS SEES hires SUS YRIGHT'S DISEASE BE: (TEN. 'f Buccsas for Alkaline gin ace is cl ed. Positive arrest of Bright's disease) _ by a new treatment of "washing"' the human kidne?s with certain<al- kaline substances was claimed as a medieal certainty 'the' other day, when John Frohman, a. patient at the Los Angeles County Hospital, was declared an pie from further) i ravages of the dise. Dr, A. Chariton, one of the phy siclans at the hospital and who devised the new m of treat- ment declared that not only in the ease of Frohman, but in twenty other cases, the disease had been stopped in its progress to such an, This money. will be. spent. upon ne extent that each patient treated. cessary relief work, and in pi could live his natiral span of life improvements that 'will enable kidneys. j buy food. Less than half this sum, The case of Frohman, however,' however, is to be, spent this year, was taken as exceptionally remark- 'and even if it were all able by the hospital physicians in) would not end the famine. In fact, that he arrived at the county hos-' it would take about $750,000 a day ition. The terminal, or dropsical,' the famine area, but, of course, 'all stage of Bright's disease had set in.; are not equally suffering. Dr. Charlton took up the case! are rich and poor in every district. and twice a day a system of 'high' The Japanese press has been call- irrigation" with fixed alkaline sub-. ing attention to the conditions stances was utilized, so that the af*! jg raising famine funds that fected kidney was being continually: | Supp! lement.the Government's bathed in an alkaline solution "Constant testing showed that the toxicity of the ergan had been over- come through the 'heroic means of the tail ven treatment, but improvement in; in rs eure 7 -- crop ing Frohman's general physical condi- | thi ern F ines e empire, | tion was hardly expected by those | is was due to the very cold who watched the case. The patient mer. The sta did improve, however, and to such aioet heads : an extent that he was finally told! Without any heads, anc that, with caré and watchful living, Mord ye! fodder. ; he need expect Ao more trouble food r he iree- --. ° from. his kidneys. of the average Japanese, 'the In explaining the theory upon which he had carried out his method | of treatment, Dr. Charlton said: -- vice the Jaruneos ent aces fall 'Tt is well known that Bright 4 th "ai ma rhe a Pt cig be disease is caused by the pean be-| oan . on -- wn "he taal the» human | a re, a blood as it passes through that or) paaiher, or odineed Ly --. ° ' < stran sa "pe. | currents in the ocean, kept "Of course, there will always re- main in any kidney which has been} far from shore and beyond affected by Bright's disease the; reach of the fishermen, who we} scars caused by that disease, but equipped for the most part for the scars are healed. by this treat-|}-ing near the shore line. In oth ] | ae oF Rice and Fish Fail. sum- were and oat crops with us. ment to such an extent that the or-| Fears when the rice crop failed! gan can perform its function for an) had happened that the fish unlimited number of years, provid-| ¥as abundant, and w fish ing a keen 'watch be kept over the | scarce rige was plentiti ral bealtb. ene courts with ee apa ae ee branches are known as e Court of Domestic Relations sad aa Mor- als Court. The Court of Domestic Relations | deals with offenses involving the mother and the child, and in this | eourt the woman first tells her story; to one of the social eecretaries of the judge. Both are women, and| these secretaries are often able' to} * pettle cases without bringing them into court. In one year the first | social secretary of this court set- tled out of court, with the co-opera- tion of other agencies in the city, 2,776 cases, thus saving much pub- leity and mortification to a large number of people. The women who come to this court are often obliged to bring their chil dren with them. These children are looked after by a trained nurse in ea comfortable nursery. ° Court to Redeem Women. In the Morals Court are heard the cases of women charged with im- proper conduct. Here an effort is made to find out the reason for their downfall, and, if possible, through advice, encouragement, or employ- ment, to give them another chance to a decent life. There is a woman physician connected with this court, and the Juvenile Pro- tective Association keeps a woman ae in the Criminal Court to ad- assist the women and young irle brought there as witnesses or as prisoners. In al] cases pertaining to women and children women chould sit as weden. Place in the west whore women were sitting as jurors in a criminal case. The district attorney told the wo- men he considered the evidence un- fit for them to hear and advised them to withdraw. They did so, and the prrsoner got off free. Women Stand: by Court. The other women of the town, however, made such a vigorous pro- test against this neglect of duty on part of their own sex that when the district attorney made the same request the following day to the wo- men summened as jurors in another ease, one of them announced that i every other woman went out she would stay to hear the case. 1€ others immediately followed her ex- ample. Finding t the women were quite resol ved yo do jury duty, the prisoner im sly pleaded guilty and threw himexlf upon 'the mercy of the court. large percentage of\ women in yeformatory institulions are moen- dally deficient. If wémen commit 'erimes because of mental deficiency & would seem more than ever ne- | et cent prospects on the Yangtse, China's great waterway, monument to be set up will be a bronze statue of the latest style, marking the new regime's accep- tance of the latest ideas in commem- orative art. three cities launched the mpntment plan', and all clas3es_immediately offered subscriptions. part of the fund will be provided by a| the people of Hupeb, but a further sum will likely be voted by a central government to give the honor to Li the Chinese anmy of liberty, administrator whose work at the capital of Hupeh was regarded as an example to all the tutuhs of the reconstruction strong progressive and a loyal sup- porter of the reform policies of President Yuan Hhih Kai. Fossil Human Skeleton Found In covery in the northern part of Ger- man East Africa is reported in the Lokal Anzeiger by Dr. Hans Reick of the Geological and Palaeontolo- gical Institute f Berlin University, It is a 'fossil "human skeleton in a magnificent state of eg erect hundreds of thousands of years ago a highly-developed race of men in- habited the African continent.' new "method, we Se oe change tl reaction of the blood from acid to alkaline. This overcomes the toxi- city and the entire system is | cleansed of its superabundance of poison, An extensive report on Dr. Charl- ous condition in the north, scor¢s| of men in that city who deal j human flesh and blood were hurr ey seca further trouble from the starving farmers and fishermen to epent it pital in an apparently hopeless con-| to buy meals for all the persong.in' There a The: primary cause of the raiae Since rice consti- : failure of this crop was Guite as 3 ; serious as the failure of the wheat] " Apart frdm ; he dng is touch Hike their. houses for rice, and now, 'ter. A ease is mentioned of a house | occupying 600 square feet being of-f rs eeadtor $7.50, and when there was a buyer, torn down and used for - assistance came from all over the world.- Theré is nothing spec- tacular, however, about slow star- vation, and for the most part the =| outside world has been indifferent "| to the grim tragedy that is now be- ing enacted in Northern' Japan. car es BUTLER'S STORY. ago wrote a story which he thought would fit into the scheme of one of the smaller magazines. He sent the story to the-editor. It was printed. Failing to receive payment, he made an inquiry. There-came a cheque s grew as usual, in-| 3 1 | deed, much gor. than usual, "bat "You prebabl han I do." $ ""Phank Fusgic Cat Giiahes Pes By Clefer: Trick. . Peachy form of food, except, perhaps, | dog, is so acceptable to the leo- | ton's method will be made to the/ ing to the scene to buy young girs rd in the jungles of Ceylon as the | American Medical Asseciation and) for 'brothel and factory in a fallnjg| large grey Wanderoo monkey, and | ether scientific bodies soon. market. Their parents being to} the-artistic methods of capture em-! __ -- poor to support them were, 3 Played by them poi no tree | oe YEN EB thousands of cases, willing enou ing, writes an explorer in an/| MONUMENT FOR GENERAL LI. '0 sell their children to these, wie = | : a ae Some were so glad to gpt Whenever monkeys catch a sight! Wuchkang, Hankow and Hanyang to' iq of their daughters that Sa y | of a leopard slinking under the trees | Honor Commander. accepted ridiculous prices, and de-| they become greatly excited, and all A beautiful bronze monument is Casionally one was picked up fpr|chatter together. As soon as the o be erected to Li Yuan| nothing when emaciation had bhjr-| leopard hears this he lies down un- Hung, vice-president of China, on a' red her beauty and it prob-| der a bush and begins to click his commanding site overlooking the able that she would hardly live fo | teeth together. 'mesting of the Han and the Yangtse Teach the capital. These brokqrs| -This noise seems to make the rivers, where Wuchang, Hankow, 4t least have made a good. thing it} monkeys beside themselves with ter- and Hanyang unite to compose the of the famine. Correspondents [in | TOT and excitement; they huddle great '"'triple town." Here it was! the affected districts give deserip- together in the treetop above the that Gen. Li won his laurels at the| tions of suffering that are - t- | leopard's , jumping up and head of the army of Chinese republi.| Tending. People are found fi down on the branches, shrieking can patriots and later as the great-| 00 grass seeds that would hardly and chattering. Below, the leopard | est of all the tutuhs solidifying" the, keep a horse alive; eating aninial waits motionless, clicking its teeth, | enfranchisement won on Oct. 10,, entrails and decomposed food. thet until suddenly one of the monkeys | 1911. Itis one of the most magnifi-; @ dog would not touch. misses its footing and comes to the Thousands May Starve. In one house an unhealthy head rescued from the refuse of fish-éhop was found stewing in pot of water to which had ~ be added some grass seed. This w expected to' provide three meals f the family. Two doctors examin one little boy who was suffering verely, and from his stomach removed a great wad of straw tH he had swallowed to appease hunger. In the Tohoku co kaido districts, where the famine} most acute, the children no long go to sc for the most Be they are too weak to walk: teachers, too, are starving by hundred, the people having Pn too poor to pay their salaries, which amount to about $7.60 per month. Some of the greatest suf- ferers will be the teachers and peo- ple of their class who are without proper food, but are too proud to expase their suffering to the mis- sionaries and others who are giving first-aid upon the spot. How many hundreds or thousands of them will slowly starve to death, or starve until. they can endure no more and then commit suicide, nobody knows. and t) The chambers of commerce of the The greater a national flavor. Gen. Li is not merely the idol of but an ef rebnrrapirrtigsst period. e is a a LIVED CENTURIES AGO. German Fast Africa. A valuable anthropological dis- Cold Weather In Japan. To the torments of starvation is addedi the rigor of winter." Too many people who have received their ideas of Japan' from pictures upon places and musical suppose that the country is a Jand of perpetual sunshine a flowers, This is held to prove that "ma: ing eaten the rice; ate- without aba: "3 Ellis Parker Butler some years .| neering department is. rea that-frequently drops below xo sHoRt cor see stcerss IN cold weather, too THE BUSINESS? April and "it will be ty¥ol- "Se ths before the suffering. from s ure ceases. In @ Cases Is a "Hervigenn Job, and Proaiae starving wretches have sold} = Is * Blow, 'With Each eid : ¥ ~ Proy en. ; You look at'a. finished motor and admire it. If you happen. to. be endowed:with an ve. ee it pe rforming as if alive, climb- ine steep hills with ease or doing|® some other. 'extraordinary thing. Little do you dream of the work re- quired to finish the first, or master model, as it is called," _ 'There are no short cuts to success "In business, you cannot accomplish the miraculous in a short period. It takes time and money. Experiments must be made. ests must be made. Metals must be tried, and divers other things one. From the time drawings are started in the engineering depart- ment, it takes, as a rule, a year be- fore a car is ready to be placed on the market. It is a Herculean job. The process is show and careful. Each step is proven before proceed- ing. There must not be a single flaw anywhere. » The mechanical part must be a harmonious unit. The chassis must be true. There must be a true mechanical relation- ship between each unit, otherwise one part may cause trouble, _ In the design three groups of men are engaged in the work. The chief engineer is primarily concerned about the chassis, This is the most important work, and he watches every step with- minute care. One of his associates has in charge the design of the bedy, while another looks after equipment. But all of the work-is under the direction of the chief engineer. When the engi- ly wit! its plans, that is, when the car is ready "on paper," the general man- ager and sales manager are called in for consultation. They go over the plans and ascertain the practic- 'ability of the model. These men re- | present the purchaser. They do not want to build anything that will not | sell, $0. ere may su pways. give ee exte a After the first car is aad jit is taken on long runs, extending i thousands of miles. As a rule, the | hardest 'routes are 'followed, for it jis desired to prove to the entire satisfaction of the whole organiza- ; tion that the car has the necessary stamina. On these trips, every item jof importance is watched. The | gasoline consumption, the power of All the action in general. these. Have een Electric As tons a ete motor car : the car' may appeal to-you as a liv-| » 3 so thing, and, in your fancy you must be a division of weight. There | ' the motor, the riding qualities and | | things are observed. An engineer | any special apparatus. WILL tuROW SHAFT oF 136 1g aa THAN 50 MILES. * ef Mas biases by Sets age Lenses, at the entrance of ,| Both of these use a peels t elee! tric arc lamp which as surrounded by sets of lenses. ennery light in India re- veals the method of mounting the great lenses around the central light. The table carrying the lensea is made to revolve bodily by means of a suitable motor device, so that! in each revolution there are sent! . several each lens, and 'mariners know from! the speed and the number of flashes what lighthouse they are approach- ing. In this case the light is given by an incandescent mantle with' re- r, using oi] vapor s which is a rival of electric light in this field,' y where it is not conven- jent to set up electric machines for giving the current. Electric light s, however, used in the great Hant- sholin lighthouse i in Denmark which is situated in the Skager Rak at the mariners on account ther and heavy seas. Ships in great numbers pass this point in going from the North to the Baltic ea. : The set of lenses is quité a com- plicated one, and the whole is mounted on a platform s0 as to ro- tate bodily around the central ara lamp, and thus produce a succes- sion of flashes. At ore side will be seen the, powerful are lamp with its regulating mechanism,, which ia here removed from' its position in- side the lerfses. It is naturally a fewer matter to rotate such a vy body as the platform with the eee Here it is mounted on a set to turn: around: Atlantic. Rome, March 19.--Signor Guigli- elmo Marconi, who has been con- ducting experiments with wireless telephony in this vicinity, has gone. to London. The naval officers who assisted him in his experiments are convineed that he has completely solved the question 'of radio-tele- phony. »They say that Signor Mar- | coni in his experiments did not use The exist- | usually drives the car on trips like | ing aerographic installation served this and is accompanied by an ex- pert mechanic. These tests are followed by a close examination o! ro on the return of the ear.- Every unit is disassembled and a wacehdl exam- ination is made of every thing--the bearings; pistons, crankshaft, -- ton rings, transmission ground with a thud--and then the | leopard is on it in a bound. |= .I one day saw the first acts of the | tragedy. I was travelling in thick jungle, and my bullock carts having gone on in the early afternoon, I was following later in the evening down the same sandy track. I no- ticed that a large leopard had been following behind the bulls and that he had suddenly turned aside down a small game track. At the same -moment I became aware of a tre- mendous chattering of monkeys in the distance. I had a Cingalese with me, and we crept«through the thick jungle to- ward the noise. After 'crawling Stout 150 yards I saw about 15 or 20 monkeys jumping on the top of a sm tree. They seemed to be looking down at something on the other side of a large bush which was in front of me; and when they saw us, they kept on turning their heads first to us and then to thig something, leap- ing up and dow n abd shrieking per- petually--and, as it-appeared to me, gesticulating and beckoning to us with their long, thin grey arms. The same thought came to the Cin- ed to me beckoning to you to shoot." "T lay etill for a moment thinking which side of the bush it was best to craw) round, and then I distinct- ly heard the click, click, click of the leopard's teeth behind it. I chose 'the wrong side, for as came round, all I saw was the leopard disappear in « great curving bound intc the and chetry blossoms. The fact is St ae thick jungle beyond. doctor -- up, took his walking:-' d_ smaabed rear axle gears. All thie' is Gane tc for the purpose of finding -.out~ any weakness or wear that may have oc- curred on the hard runs. ' And it is only after every one is satisied beyond a shadow of a doubt that actual production be- gins. And so, the making of a car is long, tedious work. But it is best that it is so, There is so m money involved that these precau- tions must be taken. ~~ Companies, as a tule, do not build less than 1,500 cars of a certain chassis. Let us suppose 'that it lists at a medium price. It is there- fore necessary to purchase millions of dollars' worth of material. 'If the engineers have made a mistake or two, the. company stands to lose vast sums, and if such @ car is mar- keted, it may cost the company its epee ig £0 it behooves compan- es to be doubly eure in marketing a aoe model. And they are. ----_--_h_--__--_ THE ASTONISHED LAIRD. Doctor Took Him at His Word and Acted Immediately. Dr: Abernethy once. visited a crusty old laird who was laid up with gout. He wanted to ope with-his gun, and was in a temper, and, while the doctor was looking at his foot, asked complainingly, "Why don't you, strike at the reot and get me betf@r!"' Solemnly the stick, to pieces-a de- canter ers wine which was- stand} on the table, The astonished sprang up: and demanded an expla- |: nation. "Ohi,"' said the doetor,' "I his purpose Ho slight modifica- tions. One of these was a new re- ceiver of his own invention, inelud- ing a microphone, which is essen- tially different from all others. Signor Marooni's improved high- sounding receiver, wii a. dicta- phone arrangement, which has now been adopted in radio-telegraphy, can be employed in wireless tele- phony to such an extent that the human voice can be clearly heard by everybody present in addition energy day and night with ships 45 miles away and 15 miles apart. In spite of the intervening loud sounds whatever is said is invariably clear.' Distance, instead of diminishing, increases this clearness. Atmospheric perturbations affect aerophony considerably less than aérography, and hence if the energy is sufficiently increased wirelesa telephony is possible at any dis. tie. Signor Marconi has confided to-ahis friends here that he will shortly aerophone across the Atlan- tic. London a Wonderful -Place. rmer, who had gone to Lon- don for the first time, waa walking along the Strand. He was filling his pipe when.a match boy y came up to him with his usual "Tights, tal The farmer took the box from the boy, extracted a match, lit bis Pines and handed the box back astonished lad, passing on with the remark : "My, what a won- derful placd London is to be sure !'"' areas Mclean .Came to Her Mistress. The day before she was to be pan ried an old rustic servant came ta her mistress and ings: to her keeping. "Why should' 'I keep your money for yout -J ant only striking at at the root !" ry the . "Se lam, ma'am ; but you '~ suppose? I'm i eal wes drei Saar acne! in the usé wi strange man phout the place 1" - hest in the world =e 0 fot her sav: . ; that is, one from',