a i Bi Be i hl a, i hi i i Sid wTVrrrrrT? -erevrereree vere i nt ta AVIATOR COMMANDER SAM- SON'S DARING. Rescued Some Papers Emperor Wil- "helm Discarded -in-a Hurry. + After Germans Passed Through, Says There has just returned to the front Woman Journalist. "somewhere in France" one of the most daring airmen in the British ser- vice. It has been his first visit home for seven months, and his well-earned rest has lasted-just four days. He has taken part in at least a dozen great air raids, and was not far 'advancing sky line, and he raced along to say dette pod strafe them!) had seen disappeared in a frightful gage, some very in pri papers of the only William, who, by this time, was in the bosom of the Dwigkeit. No wonder cl have put a price on Samson's head! NOT Ne od ics GIRL LEFT. An appalling account of German atrocities was given by Miss Ethel | Stout, at a meeting of the Women Writer's Suffrage League in London. Miss Stout has recently visited Mrs. Symon's hospital near the French away on the famous occasion when Commander Samson, the greatest g aire | man in the British service, narrowly | escaped capturing the Kaiser himself. | The Germans have offered a thousand | pounds for the capture of Samson, | alive or dead. Zs Here are a few pages: copied from } an aviator's diary which describe how | for the first time an admiral fought a battle with submarines, sea-planes, destroyers and cruisers: 3,93 , after many rehearsals, we were enabled to give the Germans a striking proof of our navy's quality. | The weather had been anything but bright. Tremendous seas were run- ning, but it did not prevent the sea- plane ships with their escort of tor- pedo destroyers, headed by the scout of cruisers, putting to sea to give the Germans 'what for." "On this occasion we were to fly as low as we could. It was now four in the morning. Amid the keenest ex- citement, and interest, the machines were unlashed, and got ready. At five we got the machine out | and placed them on the sea, where they looked like a great flock of sea- gulls. In the meantime our destroy- ers, long, vicious, black wasps, were flying round ready to bite any sub- marine craft which dared to appear. "The signal was given, then the seaplanes arose quietly, gracefully, thrillingly, for just as they reached a height of about a thousand feet a great lumbering Zeppelin appeared on the horizon. "We had two extremes. Overhead | sailed our seaplane fleet like a flock of vicious white eagles, ready to sweep on any prey within striking distance of their talons. Underneath were our submarines, right in the very centre of the enemy's mine field which pro- tects the Kiel canal. An Unusual Fight. "Presently we turned and set sail for a prearranged rendezyous, at which we expected to pick up our 'planes after the boys | had done things. en the enemies' submarines suddenly became bus "T was natienty waiting the mo- ment when | could sail up and do a} bit of bomb-dropping of my own. We, all had bets on as to who would make | the biggest bag. dropped a bomb, just missing one our destroyers by about twenty feet. "It was followed by a Zeppelin, covering a second German aeroplane. A second Zeppelin now made its ap- pearance. You shoul have seen the | tons of lead and steel we poured into the sky. "A third aeroplane came. sailing along, but her men did not know how to throw a bomb any better than their frie ends. 'just finished an inspection of some And right in the) middle of it all a German aeroplane , came rising up out of Heligoland and | of. lines, and it was in this neighborhood that the atrocities were eommitted. The local deputy of the village, Miss Stout related, came into the hospital i party of ey Geena ol the During the winter of 1913-14 decided that the old barn was be % ing so badly out of repair that it wa patch it 'up. "Besides, it was out ¢ date, k gloomy. The old! wooden floors were worn out, mange were feed wasters, and the roof leaked in numberless places: Something had to be done, so a new barn was voted to be the remedy. Accordingly we made our plans for the créction of a new steel barn dur- ing the coming summer. The wall under the old barn being in good condition, it was decided to use.as much of it as possible where the | easily" cleaned manger, as all chaff, etc., sifts down into the feed manger. In the horse stable the stalls are built in different widths. The first four from the door are six feet wide, for the heavy teams. The next one is five feet six inches, and the next two are five feet wide. The large stall at the end is seven feet wide, and can }one day weeping bitterly, He . had 28 adjoining hamlets lately occupied by the Germans. He told the hospita! authorities that in all these village: not one young woman was left. "Thank God," he said, "most of them are dead. The rest are in the| yerman lines." Remembering all that French wo- men and Belgian women had suffered, Miss Stout confessed that she was vindictive. She hoped that even the | innocent among the Germans might | suffer as the Germans ~- had made! others suffer, and that after the war| we should tolerate in our midst no ot | one member of the accursed nation. On her visit to the front Miss Stout was taken within one mile of the Ger- -man trenches. | Every inch of space in the hospital, | originally a chateau, was utilized,!. The staff used, e | Miss Stout went on. I the cellar as their dining-room. | nerves of most of the patients were 'so shattered by the horrors of the; | battlefield and the roar of canon that, they could not hear the rattling of a| window without trembling. | Miss Stout added that the war had wonderfully changed French men, who now had the grit of the English, add- ed io their own courtesy and charm. }; There was nothing of the turn-the- other-cheek-to-the-smiter about the French. They could not afford to in- ' dulge in any false sentiment; it was their homes and their women who had been ruined. | Sanne | eee NOTABLE TITLES EXTINCT. British Nobility Paying Toll in Crisis | of Empire. Not a few great British titles are doomed to extinction as the r t heir, and the list is increasing almost daily with the publication of fresh casualty lists.. The changes in the peerage brought about in this way by 'the war are almost certain to require | \legislation to straighten them out, 'and amend the complicated laws of succession. | 1 titles who have been killed are:-- Lord Wendover, sole heir of th Marquis of Lincolnshire (Lord 'ies |rington); Capt. J. N. Bigge, only son | of Lord Stamfordham, Private Secre- itary to the King; Capt. Claud Mey-; | sey-Thompson, only son of Lord! Knaresborough. | Lord Hawarden was killed early in| | the war and his title went to a cousin, | Capt. Eustace Maude, now serving in! the Egyptian army. Viscount North-' _land's title, on his death, went to his, |infant son, less than two years old. | | headroom in the stables. i framework was constructed of tim- of the death in battle of the sole legal) vent. s Among the sole heirs to famous! _ "The third Zeppelim was now about | Lord Worsley, eldest son of the Earl | 6,000 feet high, preparing to attack | of Yarborough, has been killed, and} us. But the guns of the Arethusa and, both his brothers are at the front. | Undaunted did good work, and the; The Earl of Erne, who succeeded to shrapnel bullets from them made very , the title in the early months of the pretty practice. "Then to my-great relief, after the submarines and Zepps began to sheer ! off, I got orders to ee up and scout | for the nine aeroplane "I did a fancy Aight . or two, chased a Zeppelin for pure sport, dropped a couple of bombs on' a destroyer, and | then to my wild rage, a thick curtain | of rain came down and blinded me | from the enemy "When the rain stopped I could see | atm wrought among the British | rible picture. our fleet dotted about on the waters, and no sign of the Germans. I wa going about fifty miles an hour sees at an altitude of about seven thousand | feet. I felt so blithe by now that if! I could have found the boys I would have been in the humor to take a run to Berlin with them. But when they came along, ------, who was in charge, signalled the return. Kaiser Near Captured. "Two of the lads have been left behind, and we can only hope for the best, so far as they are concernéd. Still, if they are alive, they can al- ways remember that they have made an event in history by taking part in a battle in which the cruisers, destroy- ers, submarines and hydroplanes have fought against destroyers, sub- marines, hydroplanes -and Zeppelins, in which the latter got the worst of things. « . Have been sent ashore on special service. Am with Samson the dandy. He nearly caught the Kaiser this afternoon. When he isn't up in the air, he is breaking the speed limit with a motor car below. "Ask anyone between Ypres and Courtrai--ask the Kaiser's )personal staff how quick Samson can drive a motor car, and you'll get a good lesson in Gott strafing. "After he had got about © thirty miles catside of Courtrai he saw an war, is missing and probab!y is dead. | | Major Cleme~t Freeman-Mitford, eldest son of Lord Reddesdale, also has perished, and of his four brothers' |two are in the army and two in the _navy. Robert Bruce, eldest son of 'Lord Balfour of Burleigh, is succeed- ed as heir by a brother, also in the army. These form only a few among the many instances of the destruction the nobility. | wie, KULTUR'S FAVORITE LOOT. German Officers' # Were Friends | Boast of Stolen Garments. it The neutral ee of the | London Times who returned a short time ago from Germany fl "the new German attitude toward | other ." This attitude is shown, he says, among other things by the conduct of the soldiers. He quotes an American whose knowledge of military affairs is above the aver- age as saying that the modern Ger- man officer is a combination of sol- dier, blackmailer -- burglar The writer a "What would ' --" of officers of any other army who entered pri- vate houses and stole first of all femi- nine underwear? Yet there is hardly an officer's family in Germany whose women to-day are not proud to relate that 'Cousin Fritz' or 'Uncle Heinrich' sent them a gift of lingerie." The writer admits that a minority of the officers of the older school dis- approve of this practice, and as far as possible prevent it and punish their subordinates for looting. Every time-you avoid doing wrong you increase- inclination to do i te a-ha a There are two ways in which the surplus required for keeping the fight- ing men supplied with munitions and baba per lage they need can be ined; the one way is by increase cially when the number of workers has been diminished by the enlist- ment of men in millions. But it is not an exaggeration to say that half of the ordinary consumption of a civilized nation consists of superflui- ties, and that it can be decreased to 'an enormous extent if the nation -will | make the effort. The Germans have made the effort and we see the re- sult. Restricting Consumption. fl 2 > it conformed with the foundation wall 'for the new building. A piece of ce~ 'ment wall was put in along the side of the horse stable, about 52 feet in all. This, with small pieces and cor- ners inside, was all the new wall ne- cessary. The old one was rais about a foot, so as to allow plenty of The wall completed, the upper structure.was erected. Although a {steel-sheeted and roofed barn, the bers similar to that in a frame build- ing. When putting on the roofing a epee of the old siding from the barn was used, thus securing a good nailing surface Concrete floors were laid in horse and cow stables, board floors in the box stalls, with no floor at all in feed jroom and alleys. The floors in cow: and horse stables were finished in rough cement, the horse stable floor' being marked -< of in aauecee to pres tmen' The stalls in the cow stable are eight feet in width, and from five feet to five feet six inches in length. The gutter is narrower at one end. The partitions are short, only r ing Until three months ago, hardly any effort was made in Great Britain to restrict consumption to what was ne- .cessary, so as to have as large a sur- | plus as possible left for the supply of the war. is was not through want / of patriotism, but because people did | -MEANING THE ADVANCE -THE AUSTRO-GERMANS. OF. Hillaire Belloc Shows How Teutons Must Further Invade Russia. of production; the othey, by decrease+ x of consumption on th¢ part of the} In an article in the New York poptlation. Increased {production is| American Hillaire Belloc explains not practicable beyond a point--espe- that Germany cannot stop her pro- gress now in the eastern campaign,' and must further invade Russia. He says the thirteen weeks' campaign in Poland has cost Russia a million men, 200,000 of whom are dead, and Ger- many has lost.three-fourths.as many. In his opinion the Germanic allies have staked everything upon the crushing of Russia and concentrated the whole of their available energy _ to the attainment of victory 'in Po- +land. But victory only means a per« manent success when an enemy is dis« armed in a larger portion than you yourself are disarmed in the process, | Victories Analyzed. Thus the writer goes on to analyze the meaning of the advance of the Austro-Germans, and the worth of te | not see the truth of the situation. | the present victories. He shows that ba as Owing to war orders and to the rise: | the main losses so far are in men, jot prices, all producers were making | rifles and machine guns; no ammuni- great profits, workmen were earning, tion captures are recorded. The more | high wages, there was an appearance | serious loss is the machine guns, and oe prosperity and plenty of money in! for the rest German returns are mis- circulation. People could see no need: leading. '"Pfisoners" to the general | for cutting down their expenditure--_| staff includes railway men, non-com- | they could live as well or better than batants of all ages, whole villages be- ~4 handling of the grain. Th ; floors fee for other purpose: ahd. Beent® j back to just behind a cow's shoulders. be used as a double stall when needed. Two oat boxes are built in-the mane | ger.» The large windows in the horse and These windows could easil# have = constructed six feet long and harm done. The doors are madeé of pine one inch thick, single thickness, with three cross-picces. They are built with a quarter-door in the top, which may be opened when required. | A small oat box, with chute from | | the large bin upstairs, is located in| the feed alley between the third and fourth horse stalls. This we have! found very convenient, as it gives more space in the feed alley, with less e inside eae pegl of barn are. 40 x 80 feet, with an 16 x 30 feet ori one end. A A chite from ension..ix is aoiuty fy 'the main drive A foul-air duct is since at the north end, but one will have to be built in at the south end also, to i ford better ventilation--L. M. Brien in The Canadian mire MUTILATED MEN ARE REBUILT REMARKABLE SURGERY BY THE FRENCH DOCTORS. Cheek, Jaw, Lips, Chin and Nose Re- stored to Wounded Soldiers. Some remarkable ins.unces of sur- gical science have been bre@ght to , light during the present war, but the following story telling how a horribly mutilated soldier was "reconstructed 'from his own ruins" adds one more miracle to the list. A French news-| paper correspondent was admitted to! the Rothschild Hospital to see for himself the miracle in question after the surgeons had completed their work. correspondent was shown a photograph of a man wounded in the French trenches. It was a_ ter- The face lacked' the lower portion of the left cheek, the chin had gone and also the lips and se. While the correspondent was look- ing at this appalling picture, one of the hospital assistant's made a sign | to one-of the patients, who was just going out to spend an afternoon at a ; picture show. aie is our man," said the assist- onthe correspondent stared, uncom- prehending, but the assistant added, with a smile: "Yes, I assure you, this is the patient whose photograph you have in your hand; the man who was brought into the hospital without his cheek, jaw, lips, chin and nose." The correspondent at first thought the assistant was fooling him, but the patient, who was just going out, bore few signs of the dreadful wounds de- picted in the photograph. His right cheek was the twin brother of his: left cheek; he had an excellent chin; lips that opened in a genial smile, and a nose of perfect contour. His face only bore the rapidly vanishing traces of some cuts and a few white marks occasioned by surgical sew- ing. The patient himself _assistant's to confirm the 's assertions, | talking in the slang of the French in-} fantryman: Got a New Face. "Yes, it's melt; *twasn't . any, bakery. good for the Germans to spoil my portrait; the doctors tricked them } after ail. As you see, he has manu-) factured for me a very decent face. | For myself, I think he has improved it; and I believe they'll find me more of a nut when I get back into the', country." Then he lit a k sigan and went off to see the s The surgeon had taken a ae of | the patient's back and used it to; replace the cheek. With the skin of, _.| before. The Government was spend-_ ing money lavishly in all directions; so were the public bodies. Urging Economy. But the mistake was pointed out, | ond was soon brought home. People | cow stables are 4 x 5 feet, thus al- | S@¥ that no nation could carry on a! lowing for an abundance of light. be - war costing nearly half its national | me, and at the same time go on} | living as before, without quickly com- , ing to collapse and disaster. paign for economy was sfarted all ' over Great Britain and is now going on. People are being taught that they | must cut down their cost of living to its lowest point and restrict them- selves to necessaries. It does not mat- ter whether individuals can afford superfluities or not. Every superflu- ity consumed means that so much labor has been expended in producifig it, which might have gone to produc- ing the necessities of life or supplies for the army. There is simply not enough labor in the country to pro- duce the necessaries of oe for the civil population, the suppli -ed for the army, and the superfluities as well. If superfluities continue to consumed, it means that there will be a shortage of the other things. the same way public bodies are being | forced to abandon all work that is: not absolutely necessary, whether | they have the money for it or not.! That is not the question. If they had | the money ten times over, by spend- | ng 'it on unnecessary work they are diverting labor which should be em- ployed in another way. Over the Crisis. The situation has been recognized 'in Great Britain--it is to be hoped in good time. But it has not been recog- nized in Canada. When the war be- gan we were forced by the shutting off of borrowed capital into a measure | A cam- : es requir- ; In} ing depleted of males to make an ef. 'fect in numbers at Berlin. He there. \fore concluded the loss of Russian | wounded in the retreat to be 200,000, 'In rifles he sums up the total at 500,- 000. He suggests from all his de- 'ductions that the total casualties apart from prisoners on the Russiat | side, during the great retreat, is some: 'thing in the neighborhood of ont | million. It may be appreciably more; it can hardly be less. What Germany Suffers. Assuming the Teutonic allies pul 4,000,000 troops into the effort ir Poland, evenly divided into Austrian: and Germans, he says: Of the Galician drive as a whol the Russian estimate of the Austro- German losses, permanent and tem- porary, was not less than 10,000 a day. Scale that down liberally for the necessary difficulties in judging the losses of an advancing enemy, and for the inevitable hen to ex« it only ing men out of the field. Consider that during the whole period, fighting (less but continuous) has been going on | throughout the whole front from the ! north of Courland right down the Nieman line and again in front of the 100-mile sector that covers Warsaw, ! and you will not find in. the whole three months' campaign a Teuton loss of less than 1,000,000 between the Carpathians and the sea But the German losses in material are slight in comparison. True, much shell has been exhausted, but only a few field pieces were lost in Russian counter-attacks. As to the shells Germany's output as compared with Russia was at least sixfold. And now the back he fashioned the lips. Then | of public and private economy. That | the entrance of Italy and the exten- he took a portion of the man's short | Was so much to the good. But we were | sion of battlefronts means a heavier while in Poland ribs to make the nose and the sub-| stance of the chin. From the fore- head he took the skin for the nose, and from the stomach the skin for: the chin. Finally, when the man was | ractically refashioned and could be, economical not because we recognized | drain on ammunition, e need for it--that need was not; Germany has used four shells to Rus- recognized even in Great Britain at/ sia's one, a drain which will yet tell. that time--but because we were 'forced to be. Now our situation has Drain Will Tell for Allies. changed. We have nearly got over) Hilaire Belloc sums up the situa: permitted to look at his new face, the | our local economic crisis. With a rea-_ 'don't worry about that," doctor asked him if there was any- | thing he regretted. The soldier ag plied: "Yes, my moustache." "Oh, 'said the doctor, and without even applying an anxsthetic he took from the _ hairy nape of the neck a small strip of skin; and grafted it on the upper lip. ecient OE FIGHT GAS WITH FIRE. Scheme Recommended by _ British Committee of Inventors. The British army plans to fight the German gas attacks with fire. This is the scheme recommended by the committee of inventors headed by Sir Hiram Maxim, who has designed a simple apparatus which the British Government is now testing. The object of the apparatus is to cause large and rapidly spreading fires by means of specially designed incendiary bombs thrown in the path of the advancing gas at a distance of --" hundred yards. By this mec™s. ince the heating of the air mu. ~ an upward current, it is ex- pected to drive the gas up out of harm's way. a Good Advice. An old Scotsma, deemed it his to tender some sound advice to a youth placed unde. his charge. "Keep your temper, « Never 1 wi' an angry especial- After accepting crumbs of comfort 'some people ce for the whole sonably good harvest we shall be j over it for good and all. The advent war orders has set many Y, our | "a! of men has led to the calling out of little while money will be pcs pets | maniacs plants going. We shall be in the same position, and shall have the same apparent prosper- | ity as Great Britain last fall. Do not ' let us repeat her mistake. We can- not afford it, if we are to do our share in the winning of this war. Where Our Strength Lies. Canada has done well, and more than well, in sending men to the fight- ing line; but it is not in that way that we can do most to help the cause of the Allies. Our population is com- paratively small, and, for one cause ji in Germany. tion by asserting that the campaign in Poland will -neeessarily take the shape of a _ continous Austro-Ger- man offensive. The tontinuous drain the very oldest classes of his reserves The Russian exhaustion in minor weapons, particularly ma- chine guns, is edocs and can be but slowly recovered fro We may noaddentiy. assert that on the one hand the drain upon the Teu- ton man-power makes a continued campaign into the winter here very doubtful for them, and that they will strain every nerve to a decision before the winter com We may assert as confidently that, failing such a decision, the Russian ! opposition can be continued indefin- itely. ; or another, we cannot spare as large | itely. a proportion of men for fighting as countries which are economically backward. Do what we will, we are not likely to put half as many men into the field as Serbia has put. But, though our population is comparative- ly small, our productive capacity is | comparatively great, an we can- \t supply half as many soldiers as , Ybia, we can supply ten or twenty times as many "silver bullets." It must be remembered that the export trade cf Canada in ordinary times is very nearly as large as that of Italy, our productive capacity, strength lies, and it is through this that we can contribute most to the success of the Allies. YT The annual value of the British her- ring fishery is between two and three million pounds, over . a million barrels being cured in Scotland alone every year. ; ~--. : . ' Rugsia's Great Work. This last point leads me to the consideration of the Russians unex- pected and remarkable success in the evacuation of the points up the Vis- tula (Ivangorod and Neo Georgievsk). All aed ae guns were successfully got aw Exactiy the same thing happened at Warsaw, where the armament was on a much smaller scale, but where the stores were enormous. Not only has Warsaw been cleared of every cartridge and every piece, but, most important point, all opportuni: ties for using the industrial, resourcet of the town have been des' It is a really marvellous feat, and it speaks volumes for the deliberate character of the Russian retirement- la Fruit which is being stewed or cooked in any way should apes be stirred with un pepe ros tal spoon, but with one made of w