i Be 8 Deed Bd ' ' la ' e answer: 30 per cent. of them reported about the same yield per acre as 20 years xgo, 40 per cent. reported soine increase in yield, andj 80 per cent reported some decrease. That is to say, the land, @ as used by! 80 per cent. of all the men reporting, was poorer in its power to crops, than it was years before. From Manitoba, 32 per cent. of the farmers reported about the same yield per acre as 10 years before; not one man_ an increase; and 46 per cent. reported some decrease, That is @ summary of the answers the question when. put under an inteHig- ently conducted survey. We want in Canada more serious and intelligently -conducted surveys of our conditions in order that we may acquire real knowledge of facts as they are. Then we can come to con- clusions and plan our course of action to dea! with the facts discovered and properly interpreted. In the West, the lure of land was for a time similar to the lure of the Yukon; afi' the lure of the Yukon in the main led on to disappointed. men, deteriorated health, and parts of the Yukon left with less materia] substance that could-be called wealth than it had be- produce | the The history of other' countries and other farmers sheds light on our problems; and we may be instru perience. In central New York, wheat growing was followed # fully for 40 years! During 20 years more the success was doubtful. it- betame definitely unprofitable.} With a climate favorable for agricul- ture "and propitious for crop-growing, pa | it took 40 years of exclusive grain growing to make that system -- i | fitable, and 20 years more to compe farmers to stop that sort . of practice. , Indiana, Iowa and other Western States either have or are making similar history. I have gone over them "and talked to the old men; from 30 bushels of wheat to the acre they came down to 14. We can afford to take a lesson from even our enemy. a country with a soil which on the whole is not naturally very a Within about 30 years she has able to effect an increase of' dient 80 per cent, in the yields per acre of her crops. On. the other hand, over large areas of Canada our methods of farming are exhausting the fertility of our 'farms to some-extent, and there is) danger that the fertility of consider- able areas will be reduced below the point of profitable farming»--Dr. J. W. Robertson, Chairman of Lands Committee; Commission of Conserva-| tion. * . fed three times per day with a ration of one part corn | 1 and one part bran. Geese which have been pas- tured through the summer can be fat- tened on a ration composed entirely of corn meal. This should be given, over a period of four or five weeks, | Wwamn rm POULTRY! of all Better quality preferred. Write for prices. STANFORIYS, Limited '128 Mansfield St Montreal RawfFurs' RAW FURS and GINSENG va Root 2) years of peters tradin; Reference--Union B EB) Ceneda, market &. Pani St. W. POULTRY, WANTED Se. FEATHERS Highest Prices Pa Prompt Returns--No Commission 'P. POULIN & CO. 0 Bonsecours Marke}. Montreal if You Bed te the en rkpt Pri "at all your . RAW FURS to us--We pay all-express charges. ABBEY FUR eee (In business for 30 years) LOUIS ABINOVITCH, Manager - 310 St. Paul @t.W. Montreal, P.Q. Reference, Bank of Hochelaga, St. Henry, Montreal. ra - 'ae: Arrange te attend the Ninth. Annual TORONTO FAT & STOCK SHOW Union Stock Yards, Toronto. Judging 10 a.m., Thursday, Dec. 5th. ' Auction Baie of Prize Winners 10 am, Friday, Dec, 6th. Everytpdy Wiicome, Admission Free. ' | sary. 'tent price of feed : wood eoil or poor soil farmer, until they reach can be penned up ee fed the follow- | ing ration with good results: Four parts corn meal and one part scrap, given three times per day. A sprinkle of salt added to the wet mash is ee - the birds and acts las an appeti Ducks fatten. | yell on the mash com-' 'posed of one part corn meal and two 'parts bran. About five per cent.' of beef scrap and a little fine grit shou'd be added to the mash to bring, "the best results. 'ireen food should' be given occasiorally to help in keep-| ing the digestive system in good order. In fattening both ducks" and geese $j the principle is to increase . the | emount of food consumed and reduce) 'the exercise. porcigg conditions in the yards and pens are very neces-' The sree | is fattening either | ducks and geese can be determined by comparing the co t of good quali}! corn with the price that will be re- ceived for the ducks. At the a it requires mgre' than the usual amount of skill to fat-| ten the birds at a profit, but under- | fed birds never pay so it is un:! doubtedly best to give the geese and ducks a certain amount of fattening| and then endeavor to place them on a ket where quality stock is ap- preciated. Lime in Old Plaster. When a ceiling falls, as they some-' times do, there is the slight cansola-| tion that the old plaster can be used to advantage in the garden. Crushed limestone spread over the soil ig beneficial; it is slow in its ac- tion, but is beneficial just the same, accomplishing the same result as | burnt lime, but requiring more time 'to do it. Se it is with did plaster, which is slower in its action than lime but in time produces the same result. gf old plaster is to be had do not neglect to work it into the gardgn, breaking up the lumps as Tine as pos- sible, - Next spi ring after th the onvled has been limed old plaster a lot of decayed leaves may be worked in. Sheep manure should be applied lib- erally to the.growing crops the abundant crops will more than pay for the trouble. | stlicacisonssili este earn The Sahara Desert is three times as large as the 'Mediterranean Sea. When I see a farm of poor soil I know just how - the farmer looks. When I see a aniew, shiftless, im- provident f wn I can tel that the soll on his, fa = i poor; he ig surely 8 poor fai thrifty, enterprising farmer, who steps Hvely pd Bipaageven ho time, can = be counted soil farmer, and t the soil of his Sane will be found to' aturally, soil-may be i whatever it is made by what I call a . ' to our great advantage, by their ex: -| of fhe place I did not recognize | Illinois, | Bad 'an oppértunity to acctimulate more important than ; te ant nu toot rig easy to get sags m- : g Over the Old Bern. F$r% njoment when I came in sig ged was it in appearance. The they used fore ; travelled many miles every" day do the chores. 'This old barn was taken down the solid-timbers moved away to 4' site 200 feet from the house. Such;® of the old sills, beams and nd other! timbers as were of the right length were worked over for t frame. The woods afforded logs for what more heavy timbers. were. needed, as well as for the? siding/ very thin by the weather. ment was put- under with a thirty-foot shed whole was given a fine coat of paint, and trimmed with white. It. fine now, and it is as good as it} fabor necessary to feed the stock land clean the barn. A drilled well Rinear-by affords water. Altogether, ; it oa good, labor-saving-barn.--E. . ---»------ To Keep Chickens at Home. A yard surrounded by a five foot | a tendency to fly over such a fence flight feathers of one wing should be! fence made of woven) preferable to a fence made) of board or other material. A board | should not be used at the top of a jvisible place to elight and tends possitfie to maintain a sod on the yard, which is advisable. . Beed corn selected at husking time 'should be stored. where it will thor- carly out before winter. The -not touch each other dur- ] - ; depending upon the condition of the Ingide are some d save time és . | birds when the forcing begins. | and strength. Stairs lead froth the | cars é Sometimes young geese are mar-| ent to the first ved anh <9 _jketed as "green geese." Then the the scaffolds. When gostings over six weeks of! fattening process when the! make it comfortable age are to be fattened they can be! long ve | otalee i riers and litter Peis he Astro © Guirvee ---- will anew progr fa of pone interest it | & sot, tt will be a elosed. Dr. fetor will pot ¥. Currter. Address Dr. Andrew Gt West. Toronto. for Dacca Infections Diseases, Measures Armed with the facts in regard to the nature of infectious. diseases we are in a position tg eliminate them to a certain extent. This must come 'about, first by .keeping the body in so fine a condition for its work that it will be able to offer: success- ful resistance to the great army of disease germs pid -- in wait to attack it good engineer never overlooks the requirements of his ma- ichine, he gives it pure water, good coal, good draught; he keeps it clean and well oiled, he is constantly on the look-out for weak spots and when| he finds them he remedies them at once, if he can, In this way he gets the maximum of efficiency from. his engine. Precisely in the same way]. if one would keep off disease he must have proper food, exercise, sleep, clothing, recreations and e else which will enable his physi organism to work smoethly. are also extra precautions which he might take but in the majority of cases does not. He can take better care of his*skin, which is one of the avenues. for the elimination of poi- sons, by more frequent and thorough| bathing and- scrubbing, es with warm water and ne Se of soap. He can be more lar about the functions of his bowels and bladder which are identically as impertaas to Jhis well-being as sewers $ ie He can accustom Limeck to breathing, flooding his blood with oxygen and getting rid of. pols enous carbon compounds, It is fromil-. the want of this vital oxygen that so} it many people are dying to-day. of pneumonia. Furthermore if it: ig true that germs are so omnipresent and so malevolent, #0 abundant in the grate from this base to the parts of the neglect is inexcusable if not destroyed before they have move on, In other, words the toilet = the mouth and nose wads 1 se Wapertanh pest gg Bn gps the weer air 7 rh | sages, rey germs prevent! fin mach 'of the scesers which i - the drying "pre ess. The ears ese og: ee enlage erga Peed' corn. that is iy dry will not be injered . by verything} of that disease. = BOX Currier. M.D protaining to Health If you lie antueees: through these columns; stamped, ep envelope is em make: diagnosia cate of Wilson Pebtiniog Co, sO. 78 Adelaide prevalent. Menthol, eucalyptol, thy- mol,*lysol, boric acid, carbolic acid, Salicylic acid and many other anti- septics are available and should be used freely especially in the presence of such epidemics as we are now con- fronted with. ildren should, be taught the disinfection of the. nose and mouth from their earliest years! cream which has melted into a warm mouth and thus eaten. "+ | children. not be used directly in bringi ng up Two 'strong children wem "from home one summer to visit an aunt. Two days after their arrival they were taken violently ill with cramps and vomiting. After a week of ill- ness they. recovered, with the help of wise counse]-to go without food en-; tirely for twenty- fgur hours and then to begin with the very lightest diet. After a week, however, one = = fell ill again in just the same wa The doctor happened ko be brother-te- law of the aunt and he quietly made, an investigation of her kitchen, for, he had often been called into this, household to cure cases of <n on digestion and ptomaine poison There were saucers of left-overs which had been standing uncovered evident-| ly for more thon twenty-faur acer yesterday's milk was beginning to sour in the vantry; a loaf of bread which had not teen put away in an air-tight . box was coated with "mold. If the hens show | scraps os canned salmon _le | plus the souring milk. jhe saw every one of the family jafter that feast and being a | who believed in preventing illness; if he had a chance, instead of waiting. '| wire fence, as this gives the hens a for it to develap and then curing it,' jhe took the left-overs ami the 7 long. Now this article is not intended to discourage thrift, it is just a remin- der of those tiny disease-carrying | organisms, bacteria, yeasts and molds, , which develop in foods if these are' exposed to slow heat, dampness and! air. When foods "spoil" bacteria yeast or molds are spoiling them. the head of a pin, none the "il they | have the power to bring desulation int: faintlies. robbing varents o' children and children of parents. Milk rapidly develops great onie +f bacteria as soon as it is 'est standin: in a werm conditior. That is why 1 insist that when baby's bot- away, rot kept fur tre next feeding fes.ited from LL2 practice .f warm- ing war's bott'e twee or more. 'This: of course, does nt refer to warming once at tter Ya tuPizatior ) Ice a doctor, and by following his very . cole! tle has been warmed for a feeding' what ts left in it must be thrown | Many a fatal cai: of diarrhoea ha;' » is poisonin | problem harder but it must be faced '| tion, followed by chronic sickliness and occasional The utensils used in preparing and "| keeping foods must be of the kind -j which contain no .insanitary cracks 8 | ahd crevices where crumbs and drops j may lodge and grow 'old, breeding poisons. The baby-bottle with the wide mouth ought to be the mode! for all milk-containers. The houstwife should wear tub dresses and wash them so frequently that they are clean. Her hands and nails must be spotless when she cooks and even so, should not be used as tasting implements, Our movth al- *| ways: contain the germs of diseases which most of the time fail to deveiop their deadly © possibilities ma Sin us because y A curative | for 3 are at work. in our bodies de- stroying their power; but transferred | from our,mouths into food and thus - jinto other people's stomachs, they may produce the disease of which | they are seeds, the curative forces | be: ing absent or weak in the systems of the victims who eat them. Rats, mice and even pet animals should be rigorously kept out of the | kitchen. They are carriers of dis- ease germs. * $o much has been said and written poor the nasty fly, its foul habits | Dust is not dangerous in itself, is dangerous because in it grow seath- dealing bacteria. A mother must _know how to sweep so as to collect +the dust and destroy it, not merely to scatter it. She must diligently scrub floors and corners with soap and water a expose her rooms, particularly her kitchen "and pantries, to bright, direct sunlight. After food has been cleanly prepar- 'ed and served it must be cleanly eat- en. Children should be obliged a}- ways to wash their hands and te scrub and clean their nails before coming to the table. Most bacteria are conveyed from the hands to the Children put and if this habit is earried through! fuid and is then reftozen is very their hands without dainty scruple, © life it will not only make life more | dangerous, for freezing do@s not kill. in afid on everything. rtabl comfo e but in many cases, it will greatly prolong it. Questions and Answers. X--1--My twelve year old daughter has symptoms of goitre. Could you suggest something which will keep it from enlarging? 2--Are acid fruits, including: toma- toes, yseful for one who is bilious? ° Answer--1l--If vour child has goi- tre, the proper thing woulk be to place her under the care of a physi- cian who understands the treatment If you care to read my article on goitre, send stamped, | self-addressed envelope and you wiil receive it. ; 2---I do not know that the acid fruits have any particular-felation to biliousness. Drugs, like mercury and ipecac and a few others, are useful in ithe treatment of biliousness, but one should take them under the direction of - ae E. N.--I am told that if two cules of yeast are eaten each day for several months,, it will cause -reduc- tion of enlarged glands and will also increase the weight. - What is your opinion as to this? - Answer--My opinion would be that it would og an undesirable form of treatment; and the constant fermen- tation aa ant which it would pro- duce in the stomach, would 'be most annoying and uncomfortable. C.--I am troubled with corns. wil you kindly 'advise me in regard to their care and' cause? er--If you will send stamped, se ressed. envelope. you my article on corns. " KE. S--My baby is 18 months old, -- Seems _ bPlease slightly compressed, it will ae op "Scone h This nerve passes how on elder side of the neck, and ressed by passing the cers een, but firmly, along each side at th e neck, "I will send bacteria; it only checks their farther development Many epidemics of indigestion which have swept through | villages after a party or picnic have' been due to the fact that the ice. cream eaten was refrozen in this way. Other bacteria-develop in meat, fish'! and in canned goods which are allow- 'ed to stand in the cans after they; are opened. These are ptomaines. Dirt crowds under their nails and may contain bacteria, which lodging on their food, and passing into their digestive tracts are likely to cause yee nausea 'and all the symptoms of indigestion. | A child-specialist once said to me 'that if all children in Canada were | forced to wash their faces, hands and nails before eating there would be a | truly amazing fall in the death rate. Cabbages furnish g great, succulent food for dairy cows but usually they are worth so much for human food that it would be impracticable to feed them to the cows. be fed rather sparingly. wants to eat, especially at first, be- cause it will taint the milk and the cow wil] not do well, but a cofmpara- tively' small feed of cabbage in the morning to. take the place of roots or of corm.silage would be very bene- ficial. They are not«only a good food but their suceulency assists dig- estion 'and a coW would eat more dry food and digest it better by including cabbage ad a portion of the ration. If you would attempt to feed a cow neatly an entire ration of cabbage: you would be very likely to get ex- tremely poor resu flow of milk for any considerable length of time.. That, I imagine, is the reason why some people have had they turn the cows into the beet field and if there are plenty of beet tops they think they don't need hay or in, but they a sad t would be much better te haul the beet tops up and feed a small feed in u SPD airy do to Yive a cow all the cabbage she. because of the}-- the morning* together with hay anc grain, and the same. principle wil hold true with cabbage, but rest as- sured that if ecabbages are properly ted to dairy cows they will no® dry them up but, On the contrary, they will stimulate the flow of milk. a Save Wood Ashes. Save the ashes from wood fires. Store them'in boxes or barrels in @ dry place until spring, when they should be spread over~the garden for. their high fertilizing value. Recruiting Officer: "But what would a boy like you doin the Army?" Lad: "Don't you need a caddie to carry your, swords and things?" Do not -apply~ paint to concrete wa before the concrete' has hard- s'ened, as paint retards the setting of. the concrete, The entries which have just, closed for The Toronto Fat Stock Show to he Vihekd at the Union Stock Yards, De- cember 5th and 6th, indicate a splendid display of finished live stock. - This, despite the. fact that the man- agement have discontinued the offer- ing of premiums for female cattle the Rope that animals suitable for ng purposes will be kept on = farm for that purpose. It'will be which is attended by buyers frees O8 over America, s