_loss in feeding value so Srewer wil] be mailed to you. Addrese Co, Ltd, 73 Adelaide St W. Toronts. to $18,000,000 » year, : The"price of fertilizers at the 'pres- ly figured to be worth at least $4.00 per ton, according to present quota- tions on nitrogen, potash and phos- phates. Another tactes tint enghatiies tis\ _ importance of conserving the manure pile is the prevailing food values. Never before has there been so great a world shortage of: food. It will be some yer plenish the world's.larder. Duri that titfie farmers should capitalize _ their manure piles. The two suggestions that we have heard time and again are: 1. "Spread that manure immediately after it is made," "Build a tight manure pit." We have been told that leach- ing is the cause of the loss, we have heard the pathetic tale of the dark 'brown liquid which floats down the aie etc, * The fact of the matter is, that for! a ninety-five per cent. of the farmers it! is a most impractical proposition to draw manure out ach day. More- ever, the experience of farmers in this province, especially on the lighter soils will bear me out when I say it has not: been proved that the «27 aga of fresh manure is ad- visable. Al] farmers will admit that were it possible' they would: rather have the rotted manure, provided they) were assured that it had lost ngtie of | its value. The rarity of the cement pit in 1 the province, disregarding for a moment! its value and necessity, proves that most of the farmers in Ontario have thought they could not afford to. both. ' er with it. We are struck with the, fact that specially constructed costly manure pits are not known to the Chinese and are rare in Europe where | the conservation of manure is impera-| tive; where it has become a necessity, a matter of life and death, to save a tvery particle of, manure. As been 'true with many. Loosen _Scientific facts, _im hidden the fundemedttal facts cerning the kéeping of manyre. I' have heard hundreds of farmtrs in the .province say, "What's the use. I have no cement pit, I cannot draw it ovt, I cannot prevent, the waste." Let. uS consider bottom facts. We 'have just finished filling a silo, There was time when corn was cut, and left in an open barnyard and fed. The weathering and rotting caused a that soon afterward it was arranged to put the corn .under cover. But the experl- encé of men proved that mucheof the corn was still wasted and it did not keep till the following spring, so the/ stack silo was developed. The rea- soning wag something like this: 1 we can pickle this corn, preserve it through the winter, we can have feéd throughout' the year. The corn was tramped and tightly packed. The outside rotted forming a complete shell around the inside which pickled and preserved, ' Then, the bactericlogist came to ex. plain. He said that there were two) kinds of decay. There were germs which lived in the presence of air, needed air for their development, | When these germs attacked a sub- stance they rotted it, they burned it, up. Then, there was this other group of germs which could not live in the; presence of air., These germs wert the "pickling" germs. ranged to put a substance in a con-- before agriculture ean re-/ The con. | If _ you ar-; 3 af Get a ' ' ai * § ? a ge : i | We can tramp it at least six feet high, with almost perpendicular sides. We can keep it moist, keep the air out of it and never let it dry out. In doing this we will not altow the undesiPable germs to jtake the place of the pickling germs. | There will be no leaching in the compact pile any more an ere will be leaching from a stack silo. .Of course, the outside of the heap~will rot and there will be some loss but this will form the shell, the wall around the precious stuff on the in- side. . Thus, we have reached the first suggestion. I have seen many men water a dry manure heap to rot it. I have known imen who have manure pits to water the manure which had become drp\in the pit. There is no simpler way to throw your money into the air. When | the "rotting" germs do their work in a loose dry manure heap, the nitrogen | salts are finally formed wherever air iis abundant, These salts are easily dissolved in water. A rain washes these salts, not down to. the stream, | but down into the centre of that ma- | nure heap where there is no air a where the "pickling" germs are doing business. When this happens these nitrogen salts are breken up so that the 990% ter we ip, sslonend trons' the aliens the. } toss from the manvre| ating story Pin Re into h One-third the nitrogen in the manure heap is probebly-lost annually in the allernate wetting and drying of the manure heap. | This loss can occur in the open cement pit, as well, if the manure is allowed to become dry, while in covered pits the loss is just as great if the farmer plays the wa- ter hose on the manure pile after it has become very dry. The manure pile must be kept continuously moist. If excessive bedding ts.used, the water should' be applied as the ma- nure is stacked just as you do with dry silage. Thus, we can under- stand why it is advisable to keep'ma- nure covered. expensive cover. If it }eaks a little, ge much the better, it will keep the manure moist. A cover for the manure like the typichl covered barn- yard shekin which cattle are fed, is excellent but perhaps too expepsive. The ordinary farmer can build such la shed. roof to his barn with very lit- tle' expense. xe entire matter may .be sum- med up as follows: If the farmers of : Ontario want to save at least ninety per cent. of the eighteen million dol- lar,Joss in Ontario each yéar and con-- vert it into food, there are these sim- | ple things to remember: Pack your manure tightly by. tramping or by 'allowing the stock to tramp it, keep 'it moist and never let it dry out, and keep it well covere "oo=&€ G Would you please tell me what to do for my chickens? They swing their heads and make a noise like pip. They started to do so this week. W ig the cause of H7 They appear to be healthy. Chickens have the pip . because .a cold forees-them to bre: through the mouth until the air dries the ton- gue and makes it hard and scaly. Sometimes the clogging of the nos- trila may 'be due to digestive -- and a poor circulation due to a eral run--dowri condition of the bird. The dry tongue should be moistened} twice a day with a.mixture of equal parte of glyceriné and water but the scale should not be picked off. Some breeders recommend using equal parts |- a 4 of glycerine and water with twent graing of chlorate of potash added each ounce of the solution. The pip usually results from 'some disease of the respiratory organs a the prevention of such troubles is important. It can be largely done by keeping the house ciean and dry and free from draughts and also by pro- tecting birds.from cold winds and storms. Probably the bitds s®ing their heads in an effort to dislodge what they think is causing their dis- comfort which is the hard scaly eon- dition. of the tongue. best remedy for pip is prevention, and consists in building up the vitality of the flock and treating the slightest cold promptly beforé it spreads among the flock. ~ A bird showing signs of a cold can often be cured by tubbing the head with camphorated vaseline, Then isolate the bird and | place permanganate of potgah in the loriaking water for atew days to as- i sist fn preventing corftagion, ------ ee ee Babies ard pianos wovwld make less nolee if gfown people would let them} bipne 'A quickly made glue # obtained by This need not be an! 'vigorous condition 'that helps them to o ' vot a. Rest te the, pa rapeng still in great trouble and apparently : ive P. tarl et theatuen that is, "ering from acid indigestion in' a one must pot only remain * bed sev-| YeTy exaggerated form, I would be operation f nd varicocele pisses Lae dangerous? 2--Does it render a 'person weaker in any way? " ,| %--How long would it take to do such an operation Answer 4 --I=It' is seldom, : when i di food, -"~ done %. a competent surgeon. 0 ' , 38, Bye woot , oe should make one stronger, sie rather than weaker, hesia. 3---A good surgeon will do such an may P ed by excite. operation in about an hour. ment or any unusual exertion. Heart-| Mrs. J. S.Adter having experi- burn and constipation are also com-! enced two serious operations, I am eral weeks,'but the stomach must be Very glad if you would tell me what kept em and free ) ron motion and | I could do to relieve this condition. the work of dige ls Digestion | Answer--It is not a good plan to means the of gastric| try to relieve one who is apparently The colt should be taken sway ie the~mare when are five and six months of age. n order that the weaning Maybe accomplished with 'the minimum of discomfort for both colt and dam, commence the gen gradually. Allow it to suckle f short time twice daily for a week" ts so, 'then once daily for another week, at the end of which time it should be weaned entirely. The dam wilf'then| be secreting .no large quantity" of, milk, but she should receive some special attention for a time. Feed dry, non-heating foods which will tend to.check the milk flow. Draw the milk from the udder only pki enough to prevent inflammation from | Su setting in. If it ean be arranged @ complete rest for the mare until a 'hag dried up entirely is desirable. But if she must perform work, avoid get- ting her hot. A good grain ration is composed of onntumts corn, one-fourth bran and one-half tam or one-fourth corn, perigee: bran and three-eight i oats are to be prefer: ;femedies including bismuth, alum and juice and this prepara is ik very sour, | when ulcer is present, from an axcess lorie acid, indeed this may e principal tause of the ulcer. Proper nutrient injections should be given to the pa every six hours, rectum var first irrigated with as sick as you are, and whom one has never seen, by means of « letter, The best*that I can do, is to suggest that, in eases suchas I suppose yours to be, @ very simple diet; occaziona! irriga- tion of the etomach; and the constant use of an alkali (like bicarbonate of ; soda) 'have very often nee groves help- ful, aN t The demgnd 'for feod? eC this | be | country and abroad promises to very large fot several years to me, | and the oytlook for good p¥iees| should encourage wider_ and more} | ; -y re pit of the sto f haemorrhage has occurred. 5 # ice may be taken by meuth nathing else in the shape of food Suitable remedies may be introduced into the stomach through a stomach tube for the relie? of pain or attempts to heal the ulcer, such 'nitrate of silver, while the acidity of; thorough cultivation of the soil. ; the sto may be neutralized by saintions of of magnesia or bicarbonate tgical méasures are not infrequently reserted_ to Hy if) che Meer ay reared oapaly © The Right Market Prices ee e or peritonitis has taken piace. appers are assured of these when dealing with ~« firm having bad 39 years' yunbnees Pag sn in Montreal Besides this you have our Bank Re- ference: Bank 7 eae, St. Menry, Montrea We went you to send us your shipments of RATT EFUES We take them in any eised a ra and ode all express charges, quaran- ference: Bank of Hochelaga, st Henry, Montr cee ANONITER ABBEY FUR COMPANY Manager (810 ST. PAUL ST.W. + . eat skill 4 @ great a ond ity of cases surgica] help will not be! 4 needed but there are none in which watchfulness and care can be dispens:; ed with for the condition is always. an important one' and may quite un- expectedly become serious, iad Answers ' uestions MONTREAL, PQ. Z--Is there any cure" for : Q x. ¥. serge 'When the fresh air and plenty order to develop bone to grow into a large shapely Half of a horse's growfh ig made ing the first twelve or fifteen of its life, hence during this the aim should be to secure form and proper sevdesauiad of all the parts of the young- animak Keep the colt-in a thrifty, growing cofidi- tion every day during its first winter. Feed liberally; it is costly pegs to stunt the colt by stingy feeding. The growing colt should never be in high) flesh, however, but just in good grow- ing condition. By good management ing colts is like feeding' any class of stock: Good judgment must nd leas by the feeder at all OPDb ier Study up-.a system of ventilation for the dairy barn if it has none. The cows need fresh air to keep them healthy' The milk is better if the barn is ventilated and as fret as' pos- sible from odor. Everything that conserves the health of dairy cattle should command the attention of dairymen as,there- is nothing more discouraging to peace of mind and profite than a sick cow. The cattle with plenty of fresh air develop « resist disease and produce quantities of milk, Stock 'raisers should get together dnd declde what breed is best suited to their locality and then stick to that breed, A bull with a goéd beef form and a marked tendency to early maturity is a prime requisite in producing baby beef Roughage is an important item jn the calf's ration. At two to three weeks of age a calif should have il the good clean-hay fit will eat. (With skim milk and alfalfa hay little grain! - wil] be needed. . esi tine all cat memeas Storing Farm Machipes, Shade trees and fence corners are not good in which to store farm machinery for the winter, Stor- ing mechitiery in such places mérely decreases its life of uselesaness, Ty experts: say that the life of any mechine ts len tion from winter, and 'by prompt fubbing a little piece of told boiled potato ons sheet of paper with ihe! fingers. ' Farm machines, tYerefore;should stored in the fall where they st ; overhau rhauled and put in shape for the next ssason's tse before the time for such uke arrives:, FF wai VERYBODY prefers a gift that is really useful, to some pretty but purposeless novelty. So that it is easy to be patriotic and comply with the Government's earnest plea--Give Useful Gifts. is applies equally whether you are buying the gift for yourseli--as a "treat" after the harvesting--for your friend or rzlative who may be "over there" for months yet, or for the folks here at home.- . The GILLETTE Safety Razor THE USEFUL GIFT It it were only the custom to tell your fiends what you would eopreciate as a ik, many more men would own a Gillette--a . useful gift that constantly réminds the person to whom it is giver: of the giver's yr etiae di for tt healt ts oer eanion seat . by the most pleasant of shaves. Make all your gifts USEFUL, with the Gillette heading the list where men are concerned. For men who already own a Gillette, the gift of a few Scena alte te nna