2 , i ! j 1 oP ~~. ee wl " 'PUNISHING THE SOLDIER Many Favits snd Crimes for Which + of soldiers under punishment. These adept = WITH IN THE ARMY. ' -- He is Comrviled to Pay the Penalty. A soldier, when he joins the Brit- ish army takes an oath that he will serve his King and country for a certain number of years. Under this agreement, therefore, he never gets the "sack," unless a very seri- ous crime, or a long priod of b soldiering causes 'him to be dis- charged, says London Answers. ow, Thomas Atkins, being un- der a strict discipline which punish- es every fault, is by no means in- fallible, and so- commits himself by many faults and crimes. These can come under two headings--viz., minor and serious offences, each of which have their separate punish- ment. "LOSING HIS NAME." Minor offences are the mistakes which are made in the daily rou- fine, such as clothing, accoutre- ents, etc., dirty or badly cleansed for inspection or parade, faults at drill, or, as might be if on guard or picket, by omitting to salute an of- ficer ; by walking in a slovenly man- ner whilst doing sentry-go, or by not handling his rifle in a smart and proper manner. Short ab- These minor offences calls "losing his name," an has to appear before his company officer at "Orders" to answer for them. The company officer, or captain of a company, is vested with the pow- er to punish a man, and he can award any punishment up to sevea days' C.B. (confinement to bar- racks). The men who have "'lost their 2? -sences up to about an hour also comes under. this _heading--._______}--- drill parades that he 'wottld do with. ae battalion, but in addition does a kit inspection and marching lorder daily? During his. perio of detention he receives no pay, and is con- fined to a cell, web must be kept scrupulously clean. If he shirks any of these duties he is put into a punishment cell; which means bread and water and golitary confinement. PAYING THE PRICE. He can earn remission of his sen- tence by good conduct, and very few fail to take advantage of this privilege. There' are: only two offences by which a soldier is punished through his pocket, and these are absence and drunkenness. For absence ve forfeits. his pay automatiealby, Ldiy's pay being forfeited for six hours' absence, and two days' pay for twelve hours, provided the lat- ter breaks into two days. For lon- ger periods a day's 'pay is forfeit- ed for each day or part of a day absent. Drunkenness is punished by a scale of fines. For the first offence there is no fine; the second, 2s. Gd. ; the third, if over six months since the previous offence, 5s.; if under six months, but over three, 7s. 6d., and if under'three months. 10s. These fines and forfeitures of pay are inflicted in addition to any pun- ishment which may be awarded by the commanding or company officer. A NIGHT'S REST. A Traveller's "Rxverdabes in the For overcoming a wakatal ind ency at night some people advise the resolute banishing from. the mind of all consciousness of disturb- ing things, such, for example, as sounds. Mr. Stanley P. Hyatt, in his "Diary of a Soldier of For- tune," does not say whether this plan was useful on an occasion when he, with some Mashona fol- lowers, was marching through the South African wilderness; but to names'? are paraded at "Orders."' The officer reads out the offence against each man, listens carefully | to the defence, and then awards whatever punishment he thinks is| merited. / T. A. AS CHARWOMAN. It it is considered that the man is: not entirely at fault, the offence is | either crossed out, or the man 1s admonished. Otherwise he is awarded one or two fatigues, drills (in some corps extra parades), or! C.B (days to barracks), all accord ing to the seriousness of the of:- fence. Punishment is generally paid in the afternoon on what are called "punishment parades," and this is when the extra parades, drills, and C. B. men pay their punishment. | Extra parades are paid in march | ing order, and after inspection the | man is dismissed. Drills are paid, by an hour's drill, or by marching | round the barrack- square for one} hour wig the C.B. men. These are: somctim@s converted into a bi to suit the exigences of the m ment. Fatigues are paid by Tommy do-|' ing charwoman in the different parts of barracks--scrubbing floors, blackleading, cleaning windows, washing pots and utensils, or peel- ing potatoes for his more fortunate comrades' dinner. THE C. B. MAN. 'Days to barracks" is a more scrious punishment. It is carried out in marching order, and con- sists wf marching round the bar- rack-sGuare in quick time only, and not of istructional drill. In mount- ed units two hours' drill per day is the penalty, and in dismounted units four hours' drill per day. Each drill has not to exceed one hour at a time. The C C. B. men! have also to be ready to answer | their names every time the bugler: lows "Defaulters' call," which is, about once every hour, and they | | are emplo;«d on fatigue duties to, the fullest practicable extent, with | a view to relieving well-conducted | soldiers therefrom. The C.B. man| is not allowed out of barracks, ex- | eept on duty, during his period of | punishment, and is only allowed in! the wet canteen for his pint of beer for one hour in the evening. | The serious offences are long ab- | gences, desertion, irregular enlist- , ment, drunkenness, insubordina- tion, and the charge which covers all sios--'*'Conduct to the prejudice | ef good order and military discip- fine."' For these the soldier is pun- ished by his commanding officer, who can award C.B. or detention gp to TWENTY-EIGHT DAYS, er remand him to be tried by court- martial. As C.B., or confinement to barracks, has already been ex- plained, only detention need be gone into. All the great military centres in the United Kingdom have their de- tention barracks for the reception ' barracks are separated and walled im, in a similar. manner to a civi prison. There the soldier lives and works 'under A sirict discipline. His food is ¢ those wishing to test tnoroughly their nerves, he recommends spend- ing the night in-a certain spot in Rhodesia. which he discovered, but the knowledge of which he says he will not selfishly keep to himself. We got to the Schelm Water after sundown, and camped down right faway; and we went to sleep early. But we did not sleep long. About nine o'clock an indescrib- able noise rose from the nearest of the kopjes, the barking of scores of baboons mingled with a savage growling. A couple of leopards had tried their luck among the Mash- onas' cousins, and had failed. The result was that the leopards came along to us, not seeking sym- pathy, but a meal. We did not see them, but we heard them in the spruit, and began to heave flaming ands as a hint that we were not at home. for an hour or two they remained within a few hundred 'yards; then we heard them no more. About eleven o'clock a hyena came along, a brute with a pecul- iarly offensive voice. He made a |circuit of the camp six times, yell- 'ing as he went; but on tne seventh round a charge of shot gave him an ugly shock, and although, in all probability, he was merely stung, he found he had important businegs elsewhere. Once more we lay down to sleep. It must have been an hour or s0 later when the next alarm came. The lion that caused it was at least a mile away, travelling along the crest of the ridge we had crossed; but when he roared, the whole party sat up in its blankets rather sud- denly. Not that we were troubling about that noisy lion; he would not come our way. It was his silent partner, to whom he was driving the game, that was worrying us, for, accord- ing tothe direction of the wind, 'that same partner should be some- where in our neighborhood. e, or as it turned out to be, she arrived before long, with her family, and took up a position about fifteen vards from us, just be- hind a little knoll. I have not the ' slightest idea what her object was. She stayed there till an hour before dawn, growling occasionally. We could hear her cubs suckling and | quarreling among themselves; but lshe never made any move in our direction, nor did we in hers. I know a man in a book, or even a sportman from home, w ould have shot the lot--possibly with only dis- 'charge of his breath; but we were out hunting rubber, not lions iJ moreover, the night, besides being dark, was misty. So we got right down into our blankets, and hoped that iM'any of our niggers had to go. it would be the cook boy, who had recently spilt half our slender stock of tea. In the end the lioness went, hav- ing done no harm to anything but our nerves. But the list of visitors was not yet complete. A leopard, probably the same one as before bad a walk around us at safe distance, purring out blessings on us; three hyenas k up their position among the ruins, of the huts, and told us something possibly how gl lad they were = gee US; then, just as soya mes was b. wild dogs pale heard a down 2 Bock at the bottom SHARKS AND SUR BATHING _| ard. resembles._the--heat--of--Auc! ,ali parts DANGERS OF SOMS AUSTRAL- IAN SEASIDES RESORTS. Mixed Bathing at Sydncy--Proper ' Dreas for New Zealand Beaches. . Heats vary: It is not hot in Dur- ban till the Zulu rickshaw man is too warm to prance between the shafts, and goes along with you a a jog. When that degree: of: heat arrives you wouldn't change places with him for a rubber mine. Ade- laide, the capital of South Austra- 4 lia, has a breathless, white, star- ing summer heat that last for weeks atatime. It hurts the eyesigat, as successive teams of English crick- eters have found out to their cost, but is o-aerwise not unhealthy. One of the most uncomfortable places in the world on a really hot day is Melbourne. The sun blazes with an intolerable glare, and the "brickfielders" (a scorching north wind) sweeps along the city's wide streets thick with dust and the smoke: of the distance bush fires it has brought down from the country, from whence it Whirled with the 4, velocity of a hurricane that morn- | ing. The smoke gets into your oe and make them smart, and he dust and other refuse make, cone clothes filthy and get down | your throat, into your ears, your! nostrils, everywhere. London heat, writes Arthur J. Rees in the London Evening --- land, New Zea'a>d's most northern city. It is humid, close, sticky, op- pressive ard above all, dense. But' Auckland has what London hasn't --a beautiful harbor that makes you cool to look at it. The Maoris call the Auckland harbor Wai-te- mata, which means "GLITTERING WATUIR3 and the sparkling blue of that vol- cano guarded bay holds you its ] v- er while you are in Auckiand--and | ever afterward. It és te color of, forget-me-not, and rau never do, forget it. You see the harbor from of the elty--from some | spots the whole dazzling sheet of | forget-me-not blue spreads out Le- | fore you, at others just a patch of rippling v. iolet glancing shyly up at you as you turn the cerner of one | of Auckland's winding streets. Sydney harbor is beaur'ful--you will not praise Aucklaid harber te; Sydney people if you arc a_ wise! traveller--but it lacks the entranc- | ing blue and the lights and stades of the Harbor of Glittering Waters. And Auckland's harbor is still Na- ture's own--a fifty m.le gulf hese | cliffs and headlands are wrapped in & grand and gracious solitude. No advertisements exhort? ayge you tu re guiate your liver -by the use +f somebody's pills stace at you frem the, great, sea worn re-ks; no rich Jews have built hideously inartistic | villas on the grey voleanie bills that watch the east. Both these things , have been allowed to come to pass in Sydney' s beautiful harbor--euch sacrilege ! The subject of heat brings us aa- turally to the subj+:t of bathing. | The Australians, particularly those | living near the coast. are a bath- ing people. The enildren take to, the water early and stay in late. An Australian boy will spond tha whole of a long summer dav in the baths, with alternate splashing an sand sprawling spells. All the State schools have swimming clubs for boys and girls. from the yourg- est classes up, where the children are taught to swim by ga: d teach- ers. THE SCHOOLS have a series of interelab ming matches during the summer, when rivalry is keen and excellent swimming results. As a natural consequence of this snlendid sys- tem most of the Australian boys and girls in the large cities can swim well and drowning fatalities. are rapidly declining. Reaurepaire, the world's champion swimmer to- day, learned his swimming as" a member of the Albert Park (Mel- bourne) State school swimming elub and only four vears or so aga, as a slender stripling of 14 carried off all the school championships. Thev have plentv of sea baths around Melbourne but no surf bath- ing such as Sydney peonle revel in Melbourne's creat bay. Port Phillip, is lardlocked, so there are no breakers worth mentioning. "tThere is also a further obstacle in the shape of neste! invasions of large sharks, which have: nv calming effect on the en-. thueiasm of those who advocate | the charms of bathing = in the open. Three or four miles from Melbourne is the fashionable mar- ine suburb of St. Kilda. which has the finest swimming haths in Aus-. tralia--half a dozen of them. Bathing by night under the electric lights is a very favorite | amusement of the Melbourne peonle | here. For those hardier souls who | prefer the embrace 0 ame Age sweet mother.'"' untra the restrictions of a p even though fence --there cket ee harkproof - Basch andi Reac! Half Moon Bay, a few miles further ong the coast. ple hay A SHARK IN THE OFFING. A man who was fond of petene off Sandringham assured once when I asked him. if he wate frightened of sharks, that a shark would never tackle you in water i you splashed and kicked up a noise at its approach." I never tried the "efficacy of the remedy myself; nor did he, he, for, on the first occasion on whi e and. s shark took the water together he was out and dressed and bor- rowed a rifle before the shark saw him. Sharks would, however, find | it a very difficult matter to seize a careful bather in Port Phillip waters owing to the gradually shelv- | te ing beach and shallow water for | the some distance out. The proof of this is the few fatalities that have occured to bathers there from shar The casualty list in the deeper waters of Sydney harbor has been much heavier. But the great sight in the way of sea bathing in Australia is the summer surfing carnival at.Sydney. It-is a remarkable spectacle. ever you go to Sydney do not miss othe three ery all within an hour's access of Sydney--where the surfers hold high reyel and make the seascape glad with their mer- riment. I have seen people bathe | peated the k-- ref both 'BEXES, ewim- | bate various lands in many tides, have never seen anything that joyous abandon, ares and gayety of Sydney surf ing. ees a beautiful stretch: of the | Pacific -Ocean breaking in with @& great swell ona white'beach. Then people bath, the stretch of ocean jand the beach. with thousands, yes | THOUSANDS OF BATHERS part, clad in light and airy bathing 4 costumes that give full play to un- covered limbs, either in the water or going in, or basking in the sands be- neath a 'golden Australian sun, all laughing, chattering, singing and enjoying life to the uttermost. Young people of both sexes--a dozen or more together--go down to the water hand in hand to swim out ito meet the breakers. Mother | Grundy is banished from these sea | revels, which are conducted with a harmless unconvention and inno- | cent freedom from artificial sex re- strain charming to see and good ; to participate in. Everybody is wel- | come to the open sea, and if you bump into your lady neighbor as | you are swept back to shore on the breakers she accepts your apologies as laughingly as you tender them. | Nor are introductions necessary if you wish to énter into conversation. Something 6f the freedom of the sea takes posstssion of you for the | moment. | The sport has more than a spark | of danger, but that seems to add to jits attractiveness for Sydney peo- | ple. In surf bathing you swim out to the advancing billow and dive into it just as it breaks--to be swept ashore with a bewildering ecstatic rush amid the boom of the surf. But if you are caught in the power- ful retreating undertow you will swept out to sea, no matter how strong a swimmer you may be. If | that happens, as it frequently does, the only thing is to lie still and try and float, and wait till a member of ithe life saving club--there are al- | ways several on duty--is paid out to |} {you on a life line. | Often the victim of the undercur- rent is carried away too fast to be jrescued and the Sydney evening yapers dismiss the tragedy in a few ines headed "Another Fatality at Surf Bathing." But the APPALLING LIST OF DEATHS every season is no deterrent to the devotees of surf bathing. They go joyously on with their surf, in no | wise checked by the thought that they are playing with death. From their point of view the sport is worth | the risk. Sydney surfing is marked by some peculiar features of its own, There is the cult of getting brown, for in- stance. The surfer who can dis- play a skin of dark golden brown is , a king of his kind. Young men put in a lot of time lying about in the Beantiest bathing attire letting the , sun dye, or tan, their bodics the re- ! quisite tint. ness of the process, and greatly | envy the fortunate youth whohasp | night. job of some sort which per- mits him to lie about the beach all day--getting brown. They bewail the golden hours they have to waste in work, and the moment they are] free om the cares of office they dart by 'tram out to, their beloved Bondi to get a littlel browner be- fore the sun sets. | Sharks do not bother the surfer | much. The shark in the open sea} prefers to let the deadly undertow 'sweep his evening meal out to him. Insi the harbor he has to fend for: himself. That is why there are so many more shark accidents ifside the hatbor than in the surf. They surf bathe a bit in New Zea- sah but not the same wav. The New Zealander takes life different- ly to the Australian, and mix bathing is only tolerated there 'under severe restrictions. Both eexes have to wear a hideous neck- 'to ankle bathing gown whic orients. you like an Arctic explor- 'er's winter's outfit and makes 'graceful surf bathing aiepoaainls. Public feeling is still somewhat AGAINST MIXED SURFING N Zealand, but. it ig patulaed | a visit to Manly or Bondi or Coogee |" young for thé most |" ers, Yaad at Brighton, @ suburb. of | hristchurch, of Centerbury 'wool: igri in the South | Island. _ When I was in New Zealand last shores of Cook's strait, a "day you ee ae summit catt eco of the South Teland: cans turn 'from' pearly white to-pink and back to white a; through some Hnaatie sun and ocean, have ok _ eurf bathing 'from a lit- pate "rock-surrounded~ beach ith the arrogance of our pes kind we got to think that nature had designed this superb desolate stretch of narrow beach and thundering ocean specially for ourselves, but ohe morning when a great southerly gale was Sending the breakers gallo ne in from the ocean in great_style (you could see them racing like huge crested- {| whales from the sky line) we got an unpleasant surprise. The subsiding gale must have rag- ed out in the deep with such force as to shift things from the bottom and we found the shallows squirm- ing with all sorts of nasty slimy things from the oceanbed ; the wat- ers were alive with 'wriggling masses of repulsive blind eels wit protruding teeth and squelchy bod- ies which were being slowly riven ashore. We discovered their presence through one of our party ee head first into a pulpy mass of them and coming hurriedly ashore festooned like a Medusa. ah, "HELPING YOUNG PEOPLE. Good Work Done by the Children's Aid 'Societies of Ontario. Some of the cases dealt with by ties not only furnish. reading, but also give some idea of the splendid work that is being done for young people in all'parts of our Province. Here are afew ex- tracts: Boy of ten was taken by his father to a number of saloons, the mother being dead and no one to Jook after the little fellow properly. The fath- er was charged with drunkness, an arrangements were made for the boy to board with a respectable family at father's expense. A lad frequently charged with stealing was reported by the par- ents, who asked that some punish- ment be given without arrest or publicity. This was judiciously ad- minstered by the agent in the form of a spanking, and the boy promis- ed to be good hereafter. A girl of seventeen, who was drinking at a hotel with young men, was taken in charge and 'sent to 4 sheltering home. Moving pictures shows, bar rooms, stations, ete., were fre- quently visited to prevent children loitering aroun Three newsboys were sent home because of their tender age. Quite a number of children were reported to be absent from school, and it was found that the assessors did not furnish the clerk of the municipality with a list of children etween the ages of eight and four- teen, as required by law. Truancy work is done by a policeman in his spare time. It was considertd desirable to have this work done by someone more particularly interest- ed in children, and that the duties required one person's whole time. Another agent reports, amon other things, having stopped severa tobacconists from selling cigarettes to voune boys. A girl of twelve was waiting on tables ina restaurant, mother dead and she was living with an aunt. School attendance was insisted upon As a result of a friendly visit and advice some neglected children were provided with lothiag and sent to school. They deplore the slow- | Six boys were arrested for steal- ing, having organized themselves jinto a gang for that purpose. Par- ents were required to attend court and to give guarantees f future aad behavior. Two of the principal 'offenders were placed Biaey 'athe ; guardianship of the Society and sent to friends in other districts | vader supervision. | Several boys under school age, ere found working. in..a factory and the manager was summoned to court. He agreed not to employ such lads in future, and parents promised to fet them return to | school. Decided improvements was re- | ported in the cases of several famil- ies where children had heen absent om school, untidy in appearance and loitering on the streets. A DANGEROUS DRINK. Judge Ben B. Lindsey, the noted reformer of Denver, was lunching one day--it was very warm -- when a politician paused beside his table. "Judge, "? said the politician, "I see you're drinkin' hot cawfee. That's a heatin' drink." Yes," said Judge Uindsey. "Oh, yes. In this weather you want iced drinks, judge--s iced drinks. gee ot you ever try iced trule*seems not to obtain am the agents of Children's Aid Socie- | interesting | The habits' of ined as com with those of wild beasts ca former to be more noticed im country than the bere bet the writers of Scripture. eee used in sacrifice or for food! far more largely in their eyes tha all other kind of creatures put gether. Roughly speaking, there are a hundred animals mentiones in the Bible, ranging from the to the coral, from the lion to louse, and of these, writes ein J. W. Horsley in the Treasu thirty-eight are mammals, and frequency of their mention and 'oe evidence given of close attentio to their habits show the relative importance attached to them. Apart from references to birds generally we have in Scripture only mention of the bittern, fowl, the cormorant, the crane, the 'cuckoo, the dove, the eagle, the vulture, the glede (or buzzard), the hawk, the heron, the lapwing, the nightjar, the osprey, the. os- trich, the owl, the partridge, the the quail, the raven, the sparrow, the stork, the swallow the swan. Yet there are few lands: peacock, the pelican, the pigeon, - "| perhaps none of the small size of Palestine, in which birds are more numerous and in greater variety, especially at SOME TIMES OF THE YEAR. This is largely from the fact thai the fauna and flora of the sea coast and for some way inland are Medi- terranean in character. Coming, however, to the Psalms, we find that apart from the gener- al mention of fowls or birds of the air only the dove, the sparrow, the swallow, the stork, the pelican, the hawk, the raven and the eagle are mentione Fish are "only mentioned once, ir the summary cf the plagues o! Egypt, in Psalm ev., 29: "He turnec their waters into blood, and slew their fish.' The absence of Scrip- --_ allusions to any definite kind sh is remarkable, since the ainda of the Nile and the lakes and canals of Egypt, which teem with fish; the important fishery o! the Lake of Galilee, the supplie: from the Mediterranean to the fist market at Jerusalem and the neces. sity to discriminate between kine and kind and to reject all tha: were .without apparent scales o} fins would have made the names 0! several kinds to be expected. A: Mr. Hart says in his "Scripture Natural History," "the Greek: have left us upward of 400 name: for fishes, but the Hebrews no: one Coming down to the lower rank:;. of creation, bees inevitably at tracted attention as THE PROVIDER OF HONEY, mainly "wild" or gathered -- fron the cliffs, but also as derived fron hives which now are made of cla tubes piled into a pyramid. I: Psalms xix., 10, the judgments o the Lord are said to be "Sweete than honey and the droppings oc honeycombs," and in Psalms Ixxxi. 17, the usual source of the suppl, is indicated "with honey out of th: rock would I satisfy thee." h Psalms cxix., 103, the image o sweetness recurs, "How sweet ar Thy words unto my taste! yea sweeter than honey unto m: mouth." In Psalms xxii., Ixvili. and xcvii. there is a reference t the melting of wax before the fire and only as a poetical simile hen and in Micah i., 4, is wax men tioned in the "Bible. The wor "bee,"? however, only comes ii Psalms exviii., 12; and in three ou of the four times we find it in Scrip ture the image is that drawn fron the annoyance of a swarm of angn bees attacking man, as here. "the: came about me like bees "> Snails, as would be expecta by any conchologist who found | fron a geological inap that a great par' of the Holy Land belonged to th chalk and limestone formations abound in many parts. We foune one beautifully 'marked variety of : common helix in multitudes on th: hill above Nazareth, and other: whiten the desert even with number, becoming whiter and wit! thicker shells where the heat 3: greatest. The only references how- ever, in the Psalter is to the SLIME LEFT BY THE SNAIL, and still more by the slug, as i: craw!s, which gives the abrens ae of wasting of substance. So i Psalms lviii., 8: "(Let them be) tik. @ snail melting, as it goeth along.' Locusts could not fail to impres: eller in the East, and so ir any Psalms Ixxvili., 47, and cv., both ecounting the plagues o Egype, we have, "He gave xix their increase unto the ca pa vz and their labor unto the ee Nees Herts ee