arms, under the command of ten ffm ® ee strength, as the 'Res! - -trary to the wishes of many settlers, | >free Tho « missioners were appo - their alleg-ance to the and declart HOW {TS PEOPLE 'ARE RULED. Two years before the Gu:e ascended , she throne tlie Boers first trekked from "the Cape Colony. Start uz northward over the Orange River, they first occu- pied the territory known now as the Orange Free State. One of hate earl!- part.es was that under the leader- ship of Yotgieter tetween the vet und the Vaal Rivers, the territofy having been ceded by a native clilef on condi- _ thon that the Boers defended him inst the Matubelé. The first set- *t¢lement was made at Winburg, und in June, 1887, a Volksraad was e.ected anu Piet Retief was commandant-gen- Pye The early history of the republic a story of waudering, of Jealousy and of dissension. For a time Vinburg and Potchefstroom were governed by the sdme Volksraad, but the connec- tion did not Iast very long. In 1812 a colonial judge who was on circu't crossed the Orange River and pro- claimed British sovereignty over the i territory, but his action was lowed, and the country was not claimed as Britisk territory, though its Inhabitants were held to be British subjects. But the country gradually went from bad to worse. S2 constant were the dissensions that in January, 1848, Sir Harry au crossed over the Orange River to put down the dis- turbances. On Feb. 8rd of that year he issued a proclamation declaring the whole territory between the Orange and the Vaa! Rivers, as far east as the Drakensberg Mountains, to be under 360 sovereignty of the Queen. 'This roclamation, of course, covered the Ristrict of Winburg, the headquarters of the Boer Government. A British Res'dent was appointed, and stationed at Bloemfontein, which thus became the capital, wo assistant com- inted for Win- burg and the Caledon River. At the end of July some of the Boers took Pretor- jus. Sir Harry Smith accordingly hur- ried up from Cape Town, and with a force of troops, loyal --, and 'Griquas defeated tlie Boers at Boom- plaats. a place in the smipnbarhoad of the present diamond fields at Fauresmith and Jagersfontein. fort was built at Bloemfontein and garrisoned, and once more tlie sover- eignty of the Queen was proclaimed, 'the country receiving the name of the Orange nies E Serer. The coun try was divided into four districts, and in 1819 a ne oa was given to the country in the --_ mf a Legislative 'Council a ee ht members nominated the Governor, r magistrates as e Resident. The country began to flourish but Saeue- t was smouldering, : tent sufficient force behind him to Cecoat his authority. Trou- bles broke out with the Basutos, and in 1851 the sae ri experienced a re- verse at Viervoet. In consequence of this Lord p Arata then Secretary for the Colonies, wrote: "If the majority of the inhabétants will not support tlie authority of the Resigent, he must be withdrawn,"' In 1852 Sir Harry Smith was recalled, and !n 1854 the country was handed back to the Boers, peal who sent a deputation to England! protesting against the retrocessionr By the convention signed at Bloem- fonte'n was ran '"on the part "= La Majesty's Government, the fu- independence" of the River ier at its Government, | _and a promise was made that a future | instrument choad "finally free" the inhabitants of the: territory 'from ritish Crown, ing them to all intents and purposes a. free and independent peo- bie, and thelr Government to be treated and considered thenceforth a and t Goveriimoaity" h, strange to say, there Is uo of the drawing up of this in- on ong meee with the Free State--one connec- ~tlon with Basutoland, witicth finally ssed under British rule in 1869--and e other with reference to the dla- mond fields. The first question was tiled by the treaty of Aliwal "tr 1869, when the Free cone obtained the dstrict known -the Conquered Territory. The other .question was finally settled in 1876 by the Convention signed in London, um of £90,000 was awarded to of the Faure- ict. The supreme I tive b ig the _Votkeraad, tree of ey mem | young mar Churchill. Floods in ' in iy. bie eg 5 drowned of the whole were bu white males between the ages snd 60. Seeger the capita the State, red gone ee calle, well- aioli is Prosperous little town, with a ree population in 1892 of gel and other centres of trade are th, Kroonstad, Heilbron, Pranktort Vrede, Winburg, Bethulie, Fauresmith, Lage pcp and Bethle- hem.--American Review LED INTO. AN AMBUSH. German. Expedition Slaugh- tered in Biafra. NOT A MAN OF IT ESCAPED, Liverpool cable says: The steamer Niger, which arrived here from south- west Africa, brings news of the mas- sacre of Lieut. Guise, German sioner, at l Rey, near Old Cal- abar River, on the Rnd of Biafra, and a'so of Herr , a German trader, together with ¢ a T hrniitved na- fare soldiers and carriers, constituting tion formed by Lieut. Guise ' quel disturbances near the Cross river, which forms the boundary be- tween British and German territory A native chief was taken as. a guide but he led the expedition into am- bush. He was promptly shot when the ns received a volley. They fought conta peet. but were out- numbered and sin JUSTICE 10 ARMENIANS Imperial irade Abolishes Severe Measures. INDEMNITY FOR PAST OUTRAGES Constantinople cable says: An a perte: & okt hns been issued abolishing all m res that 'prevented the free tn sige Armenians. It orders the rebuilding rae repairing, with Government a. ce the churches, schools fad monasteries. des- troyed during the troub'es, and pay- ment of sums due officlals or the fam- ilies of officials who aoe expelled or killed in the massacre In addition to sheen remedia: mea- sures, the irade pardons fifty-four pri- soners, and commutes to imprisonment life the sentences of Pi aia prisoners condemned to d As this action on the rnin of the Ottoman Government is accepted by the patriarch as satisfactory, those a will withdraw their resig- nat \ HAS CHANGED HER NAME. Sternaman Now Goes by the Title of Mrs. Chipman. Mr. C. W. Colter, Q. C., of Cayuga, County Crown Attorney of Haldi- mand, was at the Rossin House, To- ronto, yesterday. In the course of con- versation Mr. Colter stated that a re- cent rumor as to the third marriage of Mrs. Sternaman, who a year and a half ago was tried and acquitted on a charge that embraced the pols-- oning of two husbands, was untrue. To avoid unpleasant notoriety Mrs. a adopte Mrs: Sternaman some t the name of Chipman, which was that of her first husband, and the re- port shenets arose ! Buffalo that she had rried a sother of his who is alee living in Buffalo. The re- port, however, has proved to be with- out foundation, and the woman is said be earning her livelihood as a feamstress in that city. MYSTERIOUS DISAPPEARANCE, Young Farmer Said to Have Met Foul Play at Cookstown. The Attorney-General's Department has been notified from Cookstown of the disappearance of John Eldridge, a ried living near With and three children he visited the fair last Thurs- day, and after taking tea with his family went for his horses. Not re- turning .when expected, his friends went to tlie Stata: located ina lonely found Eldri cess. El which he displayed on the fair grounds when buying candies for his children. His wife fears foul play. panel Sich iy of Salerno 0 persons. A pchsr tit imc a an endlesa men lesson. proc ast there--Ezra entered upon his week with fasting and 7 Sassi rey was a dangerous one, especially with all the treasure "hs carried. Ezra _re- alized the danger, but he went for- ward in faith. The chief reform of Ez as the of mixed marriages with the heathen. ites was 4 tS) nation. 'To seek of him a right way for us--That is, to commit themselves to the guidance and protection of di- vine ei ag ned and implore Him to give them a prosperous journey. Their Journey "ay chiefly cheouel the de- sert, and the Arabians and naee tans were likely to attack them . I was ashamed to requ band of ecidiors'-fASA had Leen trust 'nu God before the heathen rulers and he Would not dishonor God by asking the usual military escort. He had represented Goa, the object of his worship, as supreniely powerful, and as having the strongest affec- tion for his true followers. 24. I ceparated twelve --Appotnted to the special duty of being custod- ians of the sacred vessels.--Bib. Mus. We have here .the particular care Ezra took of the trensure of God's sanctuary. Having committed the keeping of it to God, he committed the care of it to proper men, though surrounding The course of the Israel- and th w ithout God they would have watch- ( ed in vain, Our prayersshould always be Saconded with our endeavors. Do we expect God should by His provl- dence keep that. which belongs to us? Then ought we by His. grace to care for that which belongs to Him. 27. Vessels of fine copper--Probably rome factitious metal made there that took the polish and assumed the brightness of gold, d because of its hardness was more durable. There is sti!l a factitious metal of this kind made among the Astatics. It requires much art in making, but the constitu- ent materials are of small value. $1. We departed on tne twelfth day --The company began to form and ar- range for the journey upon the first day of the mouth. Upon a review of his company Ezra observed the lack of Levites, and the time used in secur- ing their uu na, with the returning exiles, and in weighing feasures, ete., took up 'the time.unti! the twelfth day. Ahava {s the name both of a town and sinall stream, not far from the River Euphrates. Th's would be a natural course to,pursue from Sh.- shan 82. We. came to Jerusalem--The dangerous journey .was completed with safety at the end of four months, Abode three days--That is, they rest ed that long. On the fourth .~ the treasures ~ were we ga and landed over to the custody .of the offic' ating priests of the temple. The returned exiles offered burnt-offer'ngs, and Iezra. delivered tlie royal commission to the Magistrates, while the Leyvit- 'cal portion of the company assisted in performitg the additional work wiiech the arrival of 80 many new worshippers occasioned.--J., Fs & B Teachings r- We _ should sarily pray that God will watch over and protect' us and all our Interests. When we have ask God take care of ns we should be careful that we do our part in be:ng watchful. We shall be called to give account of the way ve improve our opportunities, It is rght to tell of the way God protects us from evil. We are never safe, unless we are kept by 'the Lord. PRACTICAL SURVEY. Heart preparation. Ezra was p:aced in difficult circumstances. He had to contend with tion of pagans and tions of his R tof people. But his heart was moved by the Lord. The condition of affairs of both Babylon. where he lived, and in Judea 'stirred his soul. was but a young man of twenty- five when the King Xerxes, by Ha- y ssued the decree . u pe a at that cation to one Titareted in the pros-~ ity of God's peop:e that God had Poker things in store for His chil- ere ny Bhwiod they et captives, r own. though the In tonch . ae Mdolaters, ge under the r t-; Lar to a i thelr faltering, compromising |. brethren into a better life. treasures. While Ezra Commentary Connecting Links. wr | or today 'i ' 'important wheat ce @ scorn and opposi- . with the corrup- ; there was cause for jhankegtv for they had from Babylon having the sanction and good w we pe ne ee Market t Reports, The "Week. LEADING WHEAT MARKETS. Following are the 2 nome prices at ay : Dec. $0 73 O77 1-2 oh sh. hica, ---- New Yori «: ._o--- Milwaukee .. «ae $0 72 1-2 St: Lonis .. 2... 2.071 3-8 SDONOGO® iia. fee. Redes sO 72 073 ~ Detroit, red... .. Detroit, white 0 Duluth, No. north. 069 tr Duluth, No. 1 hard... 0711 Minneapolis 069 58 TORONTO FARMERS' MARKET. 'Wheat--Market steady, offerings of fall wheat pene 200 bushels of white selling at ie: 7ic; no red offered. Of goose #2,000 bushe!s were sold at 78c to 74 1-2c. Bare. er --Offerings fairly liberal, 3,- 000 on 8 selling at 47c to 50c. ts--Market steady, 300 bushels biteolag 82c to 32 1 "2a. Buckwheat--One load so! t 50c. Butter--Offerings light, Math prices unchan 'ound rls are quoted at 18c to 2c, tubs 15c to 18c, and choice to 22c. Marke new laid, prices caer from 17c to 18, held stook at 15cto 16c, and packed 12c to ge age ig light to-day, with prices about same. Dressed chick- ens are hiner at 30c to ath ai chick- ens at 30c to 50c, ducks geese Gc to 7c, and tal B pd -- 'Appies--A notable scarcity of g fruit, with prices ranging from g2 t to $3. Pota: --These are iris Bisntital, with re lots quoted 45c t Dressed hogs--Market easier, prices steady at $6. beef--A good demand for all i with or lass goods rather ree. Choice dquarters are ee 4 or at at $0.50 to ry 50, and forequarters at $4 to $6. Hay and straw--A smart demand for more than is being offered. Twenty loads of hay sold at $11 to $13.50, and one load of straw at $8.50. THE DAIRY MARKETS. Toronto--Butter--Rece:pts of . dairy butter to-day were fairly liberal, and the offerings from outs'de points are feeling, but so far prices remain un- changed, Creamery holds steady as before. Local quotations to the trade are: Sat ry, tubs, poor to medium, 13 to lic; strictly cho'ce, 17 'to 18c; small dairy, Ib. prints, about 19c; creamery, tubs and boxes, 22 a E makes hold firm at 111-20, and Sep- tembers at 12c. THE CHEESE MARKETS. , Napanee--At the Cheese Board to- Gay there were 480 white and 635 colored cheeses boarded ; ae i Ao and "325 colored sold t 11-2c Thompson bought 130, Cleall 'pouekd 825, at that Picton cheese to-day, 100 5 sald, highest bid, 11 i1-160 ; Bloomfield 200, Unionvale 100, Maple Leaf 50, Bengill 50, Allisonville 100, Bethel 65, Black Creek 35, Nort hport 100, Weller's hdstock-- To-day nine factories offered 2,151 boxes of shee 985 white aud 1,216 colored; re were no sales off aers § nebo més bid was 111-2c, but salesmen held out for 12c. Market to be held only every two | weeks for balance of season. Bradstreet's on Trade. Wholesale business in Montreal is quite active. There is a large demi} for fali goods, and the distribut.% trade is busy filling orders. Tlie de- mand for hardware and metals is active, and building material is selling y. Labor is well employed, and the purchasing power the masses ig larger now than for a number of yeurs. alues continue . very firm. Phere has an advance in Cana- ' dian woven cotton goods this week -of 1-4 to 1-2c. per yard. Many lines iv manufactures have been pall 'including wire nails and 'all sorts of wire product, pig iron, cut nails, screws and sor eeitabes Shipping is very active, and there is an active demand for ocean space at good rates. There is a Jarger movement in hog products and prices are very firm. The y market is firm at the recent mone. | advance in call loan rates, Mercantile d ts are unchanged. Trade at the coast is in good shape. orders are being taken for : scape goods of various kinds, and esta "ead fusnem exp CS] expanding. » salmon. fisheries qute free. This is creating an easier | figure. --Nine factories b a 800 |: ing. and country rem' ing. Values sentditen very we with a decided upward tendency in many lines, which is ed ag er see the wisdom: of placing orders prompt. jy for all goods bigest pe 'or th season. rising rates in the outside markets: UNIQUE OPERATION. A Remarkable Case of Insanity Oure Bffected in Vancouver: A a most unique op- eration for the cure of insanity was performed tn Aer: ghia AS a result, Capt. J. 8° Doherty, a rugged seaman of 45, who res:des with mr family on Prior street, is back at work again, all the aries of his 'nsanity hay- ing disappeared. About three years ago, Dohe was se as dangerously and hopelessly insane, The operation was performed by Dr. ames A. McNaughton, of astings street, and the results have been en- tirely succegsfu uring his early life, Doherty nat- arate fiad little time ye: atnays pears jects, and b ticed that he talked very pecullarly was pronounced asylum. Until early this year nothing more was heard of the case. Dr. McNaughton made a thorough examination of the and con- Sager that the difficulty 'was ca an. abnormal pressure on overde- Seionad parts of the brain which had been exc to an undue growth by the study, of religious subjects. The cootne performed o 'trephining opera- tion, and over the parts of the brain affeeted removed pleces of the skuli, each 1 acr gregate weighing about an ounce. The man's skull was abnormally thick. When he recovered he was perfectly sane, and his . first words were of is now complete, tary burn'ng of Ils ¢ ep rituali-tic hooks. The results of the case are particu- larly remarkable. The operation was never performed before outside of © New York, and seems to be the first successful one of the kind on reco The result ns up what is practi- cally a new field from a surgical point of view yt Pek ity panes: as, . thought that a large nu of suc 4 treated by this method performed ove to the blow; "owt ite Tne Name of Dreyfus. The curious origin of the name Be apg which is so widely ex- tended the Jews of France Garay, and Switearalnt is ater. ing just at this time. It arose in Elsass in ihe. form of "Trevus." Its present form {is due to a strange pop- ular misun . In the year 1555, when the persecution the 16 ws took a ad start in nearly all © States of Germany, the Elector Palatine Johann II., and'his neighbor, hbishop ector, ete of "agreed to expel the Jews from 'their dominions. The Jewish fugi- ge from agen oy ig & new fea anc use of Rie digs pita ti, had been common among their Chris- tian neighbors in | Germany for more shen two centuries. Hence the muni- cipal. and communal authorities Sproegtind ut Elsass entered the names of one and all the Hebrew ray as "Treviranus" (that is, "the ma he Latin Treviri). "The was al- lalect to ty ds hard ee lation * her vus" in the loca "Dreyfus," Thus every Jewish exile from Trier had to accept, nojens vol- ens, the Lettie of 'us. ere is no ground whatever for the various ingenious and fanciful derivations of the name from 'Three Foot" (Drei Fuss), "Tripod.'"' "Did you celebrate: the fourth?" Ma foteaa "promiaed 40 be Pak ped, and him." sent to the asylum-- Reoekei